Pub Date : 2023-12-07DOI: 10.1080/01650521.2023.2285870
Carlos Benhur Kasper, Manoel Ludwig da Fontoura Rodrigues, Magnus Machado Severo, Jorge José Cherem, Rodrigo Blumberg Azambuja, Diego Queirolo, Paulo de Souza Junior, Maria Eduarda Bretos Moro, Felipe Pessoa da Silva, Isabella Ribeiro Carlos, Martín Alejandro Montes, Lucas Gonçalves da Silva
The biggest canid in the neotropics, the maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus), is endangered in many parts of its distribution. Only eight records have been reported for Uruguay and the southern bord...
{"title":"The last and endangered maned wolves (Chrysocyon brachyurus) from southern Brazil and Uruguay: new records and spatial distribution modeling","authors":"Carlos Benhur Kasper, Manoel Ludwig da Fontoura Rodrigues, Magnus Machado Severo, Jorge José Cherem, Rodrigo Blumberg Azambuja, Diego Queirolo, Paulo de Souza Junior, Maria Eduarda Bretos Moro, Felipe Pessoa da Silva, Isabella Ribeiro Carlos, Martín Alejandro Montes, Lucas Gonçalves da Silva","doi":"10.1080/01650521.2023.2285870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01650521.2023.2285870","url":null,"abstract":"The biggest canid in the neotropics, the maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus), is endangered in many parts of its distribution. Only eight records have been reported for Uruguay and the southern bord...","PeriodicalId":49465,"journal":{"name":"Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138547471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-06DOI: 10.1080/01650521.2023.2286677
Barbara Regina Fernandes da Cruz, Caio Santos Nogueira, Alessandra Angélica Pádua Bueno, Giuliano Buzá Jacobucci
Macrobrachium amazonicum (Heller, 1862) is a freshwater prawn species subject to high commercial exploitation in northern Brazil, with wide geographic distribution and high phenotypic plasticity. T...
{"title":"Natural diet of the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium amazonicum (Heller, 1862) in the Rio Grande, southeastern Brazil","authors":"Barbara Regina Fernandes da Cruz, Caio Santos Nogueira, Alessandra Angélica Pádua Bueno, Giuliano Buzá Jacobucci","doi":"10.1080/01650521.2023.2286677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01650521.2023.2286677","url":null,"abstract":"Macrobrachium amazonicum (Heller, 1862) is a freshwater prawn species subject to high commercial exploitation in northern Brazil, with wide geographic distribution and high phenotypic plasticity. T...","PeriodicalId":49465,"journal":{"name":"Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138547750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-28DOI: 10.1080/01650521.2023.2278220
Ilana Rossi, Ana Leal-Zanchet
The dorsal color pattern, together with the morphology of the copulatory apparatus, provide important taxonomic characteristics for the identification of land planarians. In genera such as Paraba, ...
背部的颜色模式和交配器的形态为陆地涡虫的鉴别提供了重要的分类特征。一般来说,如Paraba,…
{"title":"Hidden diversity under stripes: three new species of land flatworms of the genus Paraba (Platyhelminthes: Geoplanidae) from the southern Atlantic forest","authors":"Ilana Rossi, Ana Leal-Zanchet","doi":"10.1080/01650521.2023.2278220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01650521.2023.2278220","url":null,"abstract":"The dorsal color pattern, together with the morphology of the copulatory apparatus, provide important taxonomic characteristics for the identification of land planarians. In genera such as Paraba, ...","PeriodicalId":49465,"journal":{"name":"Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138520481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-26DOI: 10.1080/01650521.2023.2283995
Tércio Silva Melo, Elmo Borges de Azevedo Koch, Alessandra Rodrigues Santos de Andrade, Bianca Caitano, Marcelo Cesar Lima Peres, Antônio Domingos Brescovit, Jacques Hubert Charles Delabie
In cities, habitats classified as green areas are especially important for the conservation of species. Therefore, understanding how different biological groups are influenced by differences in the...
在城市中,被划分为绿地的栖息地对物种保护尤为重要。因此,了解不同的生物群体是如何受到差异的影响的…
{"title":"Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) in different urban green areas: an analysis of their taxonomic and functional diversity","authors":"Tércio Silva Melo, Elmo Borges de Azevedo Koch, Alessandra Rodrigues Santos de Andrade, Bianca Caitano, Marcelo Cesar Lima Peres, Antônio Domingos Brescovit, Jacques Hubert Charles Delabie","doi":"10.1080/01650521.2023.2283995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01650521.2023.2283995","url":null,"abstract":"In cities, habitats classified as green areas are especially important for the conservation of species. Therefore, understanding how different biological groups are influenced by differences in the...","PeriodicalId":49465,"journal":{"name":"Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138520493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The first ornithological record from Paraná State, Southern Brazil, dates from 1820, when forests covered 83% of the area. There is a lack of studies evaluating how knowledge on species richness in...
{"title":"Documenting birds over two centuries of deforestation in an Atlantic Forest region of Brazil","authors":"Nathália Januário, Vinicius Tonetti, Fabio Schunck, Vagner Cavarzere","doi":"10.1080/01650521.2023.2276859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01650521.2023.2276859","url":null,"abstract":"The first ornithological record from Paraná State, Southern Brazil, dates from 1820, when forests covered 83% of the area. There is a lack of studies evaluating how knowledge on species richness in...","PeriodicalId":49465,"journal":{"name":"Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138520496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Given the important ecological role played by social wasps and the fact that parasitism is the main cause of mortality in the early stages of development of these wasps, it is of paramount importan...
{"title":"Fantastic beasts and where to find them: updated Elasmus polistis Burks, 1971 (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) hosts list and new host genus record","authors":"Tatiane Tagliatti Maciel, Samanta Brito, Bruno Corrêa Barbosa, Alexandre Somavilla, Fabio Prezoto","doi":"10.1080/01650521.2023.2278214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01650521.2023.2278214","url":null,"abstract":"Given the important ecological role played by social wasps and the fact that parasitism is the main cause of mortality in the early stages of development of these wasps, it is of paramount importan...","PeriodicalId":49465,"journal":{"name":"Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138520480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-16DOI: 10.1080/01650521.2023.2266171
José Albertino Rafael, Marc Pollet
The family Pipunculidae is being recorded from Martinique for the first time. During a dipterological expedition on the island in January – February 2018, mainly based on the pan-trap method, four ...
{"title":"First record of Pipunculidae (Diptera) from Martinique, with a description of Eudorylas dumbardoni sp. nov.","authors":"José Albertino Rafael, Marc Pollet","doi":"10.1080/01650521.2023.2266171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01650521.2023.2266171","url":null,"abstract":"The family Pipunculidae is being recorded from Martinique for the first time. During a dipterological expedition on the island in January – February 2018, mainly based on the pan-trap method, four ...","PeriodicalId":49465,"journal":{"name":"Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138520487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-13DOI: 10.1080/01650521.2023.2276228
Rafaela J. R. Alexandre, Filipe M. Bergamini, Zander A. Spigoloni, Karina Dias-Silva, Raísa R. S. Vieira, Vinícius Guerra, Rogério P. Bastos, Thiago B. Vieira
ABSTRACTThe data on the reptilian fauna of the state of Goiás are one-off and reveal a lack of information about this group. The aim of the research was to know the composition of the reptile fauna within the area of the Anglo American mining company, evaluating the relationship of the species with the years, the types of environments and the presence of indicator species. Fieldwork was carried out during seven years, from 2007 to 2013. Sampling was performed through active search, pitfall traps, occasional encounters, and third-party records. We recorded 36 reptile species: 15 lizards and 21 snakes. The most common lizards were Anolis meridionalis, Cnemidophorus sp, and the most abundant snakes were Apostolepis cerradoensis and Bothrops moojeni. There was no relationship between the species and the years. On the other hand, there was relationship between the species and the environments or between the species and the types of habitats. The lizard Ameivula ocellifera was found as an indicator species of Cerrado areas, as well as the snake Leptotyphlops dulcis We have seen that lizards are specific to their habitat, making it essential to preserve open and forested areas for the conservation of the species that live there.KEYWORDS: Squamatahabitatvegetationindicator species AcknowledgmentsThe Anglo American company, for logistical and financial support. FUNAPE-UFG for project management. RP Bastos thanks CNPq for the productivity grant. This study benefited from resources provided from the environmental compensation funds deposited by Vale S.A., and administered by the National Research Center for Cave Conservation (Cecav/ICMBio) and Brazilian Society for the Study of Chiroptera – SBEQ, as part of the DD program – The Least Know Species of Brazil, and resources from the Speleological Compensation Agreement – TCCE VALE 1/2018, Edital Ferruginosas 01/2021, administered by the Brazilian Institute for Sustainable Development – IABS, K.D. Silva thanks CNPq for the PDJ scholarship and the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brasil (CAPES) - Finance Code 001, concede to RJRA.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.Additional informationFundingThe work was supported by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior [001].
{"title":"Squamate reptiles as indicators in fragments of Brazilian cerrado","authors":"Rafaela J. R. Alexandre, Filipe M. Bergamini, Zander A. Spigoloni, Karina Dias-Silva, Raísa R. S. Vieira, Vinícius Guerra, Rogério P. Bastos, Thiago B. Vieira","doi":"10.1080/01650521.2023.2276228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01650521.2023.2276228","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThe data on the reptilian fauna of the state of Goiás are one-off and reveal a lack of information about this group. The aim of the research was to know the composition of the reptile fauna within the area of the Anglo American mining company, evaluating the relationship of the species with the years, the types of environments and the presence of indicator species. Fieldwork was carried out during seven years, from 2007 to 2013. Sampling was performed through active search, pitfall traps, occasional encounters, and third-party records. We recorded 36 reptile species: 15 lizards and 21 snakes. The most common lizards were Anolis meridionalis, Cnemidophorus sp, and the most abundant snakes were Apostolepis cerradoensis and Bothrops moojeni. There was no relationship between the species and the years. On the other hand, there was relationship between the species and the environments or between the species and the types of habitats. The lizard Ameivula ocellifera was found as an indicator species of Cerrado areas, as well as the snake Leptotyphlops dulcis We have seen that lizards are specific to their habitat, making it essential to preserve open and forested areas for the conservation of the species that live there.KEYWORDS: Squamatahabitatvegetationindicator species AcknowledgmentsThe Anglo American company, for logistical and financial support. FUNAPE-UFG for project management. RP Bastos thanks CNPq for the productivity grant. This study benefited from resources provided from the environmental compensation funds deposited by Vale S.A., and administered by the National Research Center for Cave Conservation (Cecav/ICMBio) and Brazilian Society for the Study of Chiroptera – SBEQ, as part of the DD program – The Least Know Species of Brazil, and resources from the Speleological Compensation Agreement – TCCE VALE 1/2018, Edital Ferruginosas 01/2021, administered by the Brazilian Institute for Sustainable Development – IABS, K.D. Silva thanks CNPq for the PDJ scholarship and the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brasil (CAPES) - Finance Code 001, concede to RJRA.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.Additional informationFundingThe work was supported by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior [001].","PeriodicalId":49465,"journal":{"name":"Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136352258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-12DOI: 10.1080/01650521.2023.2266190
Júlia de Oliveira França, Rafaela Jemely Rodrigues Alexandre, Letícia Lima Correia, Loyriane Moura Souza, Gustavo Graciolli, Ludmilla Moura de Souza Aguiar, Thiago Bernardi Vieira
ABSTRACTStreblidae and Nycteribiidae are ectoparasitic flies exclusive to bats, with an estimated diversity of over 100 species in Brazil. Its distribution and abundance may be influenced by host’s shelter, geographic distribution, behavior, and size. Bat species respond differently to environmental changes, such as changing land use and land cover for cocoa production in the eastern Amazon. We sought to investigate the community of ectoparasite flies (Diptera: Streblidae) on Phyllostominae and Stenodermatinae (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) bats and the parasite-host interactions in cacao plantations and natural areas in the Brazilian Amazon. Twenty-two bats were collected, reaching a total of 54 flies. The observed richness was 15 (estimated in 24) species, with Trichobius dugesioides being the most abundant. The cacao plantations showed greater richness, eight species more than the natural ones, however, showing the absence of a specific distribution pattern for each area. This result may be because human interference in cocoa areas are barely perceptible, at least for the bats studied. In addition, the adoption of cabruca-type cocoa plantations can influence the result, as previously shown in the literature.KEYWORDS: Biodiversityparasite-host networkinteractioninventoryAmazon AcknowledgmentsThis study benefited from resources provided from the environmental compensation funds deposited by Vale S.A., and administered by the National Research Center for Cave Conservation (Cecav/ICMBio) and Brazilian Society for the Study of Chiroptera – SBEQ, as part of the DD program – The Least Know Species of Brazil, and resources from the Speleological Compensation Agreement – TCCE VALE 1/2018, Edital Ferruginosas 01/2021, administered by the Brazilian Institute for Sustainable Development – IABS, and the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brasil (CAPES) - Finance Code 001, concede to RJRA.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThe work was supported by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoa-mento de Pessoal de Nível Superior [001]; cecavICMBio .
摘要streblidae和Nycteribiidae是蝙蝠特有的外寄生蝇类,在巴西估计有超过100种。其分布和丰度可能受寄主的住所、地理分布、行为和大小的影响。蝙蝠物种对环境变化的反应不同,例如亚马逊东部土地利用和可可生产土地覆盖的变化。本研究旨在调查巴西亚马孙地区可可种植园和自然区域外寄生蝇(双翅目:链蝇科)在毛条科和窄皮科(翼翅目:毛条科)蝙蝠上的群落分布及寄主与寄生虫的相互作用。采集了22只蝙蝠,共捕获54只苍蝇。观察到的丰富度为15种(估计有24种),其中以dugesioides最为丰富。可可人工林的物种丰富度比天然人工林高8种,但没有明确的区域分布格局。这一结果可能是因为人类对可可产区的干预几乎无法察觉,至少对被研究的蝙蝠来说是这样。此外,采用cabruca型可可种植园可以影响结果,如先前的文献所示。关键词:本研究受益于由巴西国家洞穴保护研究中心(Cecav/ICMBio)和巴西Chiroptera研究协会(SBEQ)提供的环境补偿基金提供的资源,该基金是巴西最不知道的物种DD计划的一部分,以及来自洞穴补偿协议(TCCE Vale 1/2018)的资源。由巴西可持续发展研究所(IABS)和巴西高级经济与经济协调机构(CAPES) -金融法典001管理的第01/2021号铁公报向RJRA让步。披露声明作者未报告潜在的利益冲突。本研究得到了协调机构 aperfeipa -mento de Pessoal de Nível Superior的支持[001];cecav ICMBio。
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Pub Date : 2023-11-09DOI: 10.1080/01650521.2023.2266187
Oscar Mauricio Cuellar-Valencia, Brayan Esteban Bolaños-Molina, Wilmar Bolívar-García
ABSTRACTThe advertisement calls that frogs emit in a reproductive context are among the most conspicuous and studied acoustic signals. They play a significant role in interspecific recognition, mate selection, and territoriality and can be used in different fields such as taxonomy, ethology, ecology, and evolutionary studies. In Colombia, around 40% of the recognized frog species have descriptions of their calls in the literature. However, the Cordillera Occidental in the tropical Andes and the Strabomantidae family are underrepresented in the literature despite the huge species diversity they hold. Here, we described the advertisement calls of eleven frog species belonging to three families from three localities at high elevations in the Cordillera Occidental, which have been inaccessible to scientific research due to security concerns. We describe the advertisement calls of five Pristimantis species for the first time and estimated the daily acoustic activity patterns of four Pristimantis species. Our findings enhance the number of known advertisement calls for anuran species from one of the least-represented regions and families in the country. In addition, they provide important information regarding the natural history of four Pristimantis species that could be used as a baseline for future long-term population studies.KEYWORDS: Acoustic detectionadvertisement callsCordillera Occidentalreproductionvocal repertoire AcknowledgmentsWe gratefully acknowledge the invaluable assistance during the fieldwork of J.D. Valencia Velasco, J. Buitrago, J.P. Lopez and the staff of Farallones de Cali NNP–especially G.A. Rodríguez Salazar. Special thanks to E. Barona Cortes for loaning us essential equipment for fieldwork and providing valuable advice about data analysis, and to J. Mendez-Narvaez for the valuable comments on the first version of the manuscript. For loan specimens and assistance with work in the museum, we are grateful to J.D. Lynch, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Instituto de Ciencias Naturales (ICN), and JJ Ospina Sarria for providing high resolution images of P. buckleyi housed in KU. We are also grateful to Dr. Mirco Solé, editor-in-chief of Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment, and the anonymous reviewers for their comments and suggestions that improved our manuscript. Finally, we dedicated this work to the memory of Gustavo Kattan, who believed in and led the project ‘Una isla en las nubes: establecimiento de línea base para monitoreo de un páramo aislado frente a cambio climático.’This research was conducted under the authorization of the National Authority of Environmental Licences and the Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development of Colombia (Resolución 1070 del 28 de agosto de 2015), and the National Natural Parks of Colombia (Resolución 0351 del 05 de octubre de 2012).Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Supplementary materialSupplemental data for this article can
【摘要】青蛙在繁殖过程中发出的广告叫声是最引人注目的声音信号之一。它们在种间识别、配偶选择和领土划分中发挥着重要作用,并可用于分类学、行为学、生态学和进化研究等不同领域。在哥伦比亚,大约40%的已知青蛙物种在文献中有它们叫声的描述。然而,热带安第斯山脉的Cordillera Occidental和Strabomantidae家族在文献中代表性不足,尽管它们拥有巨大的物种多样性。本文描述了来自西方科迪勒拉高海拔地区3个地区的3科11种蛙的鸣叫声,这些地区由于安全问题一直无法进行科学研究。本文首次对5种柱头蝇的广告叫声进行了描述,并对4种柱头蝇的日常声活动模式进行了估计。我们的发现增加了来自该国最不具代表性的地区和家庭之一的anuran物种的已知广告呼叫的数量。此外,它们还提供了关于四种棱镜物种的自然历史的重要信息,可作为未来长期种群研究的基线。我们感谢J.D. Valencia Velasco, J. Buitrago, J.P. Lopez和Farallones de Cali nnp的工作人员,特别是G.A. Rodríguez Salazar在野外工作期间提供的宝贵帮助。特别感谢E. Barona Cortes借给我们野外工作所需的基本设备,并就数据分析提供了宝贵的建议,感谢J. Mendez-Narvaez对第一版手稿的宝贵意见。我们感谢J.D. Lynch、哥伦比亚国立大学、自然科学研究所(ICN)和JJ Ospina Sarria提供了堪萨斯大学巴克莱依的高分辨率图像。我们还要感谢《新热带动物与环境研究》主编Mirco sol博士和匿名审稿人的意见和建议,他们的意见和建议使我们的稿件得到了改进。最后,我们将这个作品献给Gustavo Kattan,他相信并领导了“Una isla en las nubes”项目:establecimiento de línea base para monitoreo de un páramo aislado frente a cambio climático。这项研究是在国家环境许可证管理局和哥伦比亚环境与可持续发展部(Resolución 1070 del 28 de agostto 2015)以及哥伦比亚国家自然公园(Resolución 0351 del 05 de october de 2012)的授权下进行的。披露声明作者未报告潜在的利益冲突。本研究得到哥伦比亚科学、技术和创新部Farallones de Cali NNP两栖动物监测项目[合同编号837-2020]和Impretics E.I.C.E.[协议编号0046]的支持。
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