Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology最新文献

The anatomy of the wrist and hand is complex due to small and closely opposed bone and soft tissue structures. The complexity of the wrist and hand anatomy simultaneously allows a wide range of motion yet also makes these joints vulnerable to injury. The large number of potentially involved structures can make adequate evaluation of the traumatized wrist challenging. Injury to the wrist or hand is often significant because of the risk of permanent functional impairment.Additionally, traumatic injury can be easily overlooked because signs may be subtle on conventional radiology and satisfaction of search poses risk of incomplete assessment. Other potential factors that create risk of errors in wrist assessment are nonstandardized acquisition, overlooking subtle signs of osseous trauma, neglecting soft tissue trauma, not performing additional imaging despite persistent suspicion of traumatic injury, traumatic injury, and misinterpretation of normal variants and trauma mimics.Thus adequate clinical information on the radiology request is essential to initiate an optimized imaging strategy to detect fractures or dislocations and identify normal variants. This review offers examples of pitfalls when assessing conventional radiographs of the wrist and recommendations on when additional imaging using ultrasound, computed tomography, or magnetic resonance imaging is needed.

In 1823, when William Webb Ellis picked up the football and ran with it when playing in a school match for Rugby School in England, the game of rugby was born. In 1845, that same school wrote the first rules of the game, and in 1871 the English Rugby Football Union was created. Since that time, the game has flourished and spread across the world, from England to the four corners of the globe. The game of rugby thrives on athleticism, skill, and bravery. Due to the nature of the game, collision-based injuries are common. However, as the sport has grown in the professional modern era, the players are also susceptible to many noncontact injury patterns. The array of injuries encountered in rugby places radiology central to player welfare and injury management. This article illustrates the range of injuries commonly encountered in one of the fastest growing full-contact sports in the world.

Football (soccer) is an intensely physical sport with a high prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries. Diagnostic imaging is critical for evaluating and managing these injuries effectively. Football players are particularly prone to injuries involving the lower extremities, especially the knees. Goalkeepers, due to their unique role and use of hands, face a higher risk of upper extremity injuries. Understanding the biomechanics of trauma, such as rapid changes in direction and high-speed running, is essential for anticipating injury patterns. This review article examines the imaging characteristics of football-related injuries, emphasizing the biomechanical factors involved and the role of imaging in diagnosing and managing both acute and chronic conditions.

Basketball is a high-intensity sport associated with a wide range of musculoskeletal injuries, most commonly involving the lower extremities. These injuries frequently result from high-impact loading, rapid directional changes, and biomechanical inefficiencies such as poor neuromuscular control and abnormal movement patterns. Although acute injuries often occur through noncontact mechanisms during play, direct contact injuries have become more common over the years. Overuse injuries are also frequent in basketball and may develop silently and progress over time. Imaging plays a vital role in diagnosis, injury staging, treatment planning, and monitoring return-to-play readiness. This review explores the epidemiology, biomechanics, and imaging findings of common basketball-related injuries: ankle sprains, anterior cruciate ligament tears, patellar tendinopathy, Achilles tendon ruptures, and stress fractures.

Tennis is a sport characterized by high physical demands and complex biomechanical movements, leading to specific patterns of injuries. This article reviews the epidemiology, biomechanics, and radiologic features of injuries related to tennis, focusing on the musculoskeletal system (extremities, trunk, and spine). Injury mechanisms are closely linked to the dynamics of the kinetic chain and the repetitive motions intrinsic to the sport. Imaging techniques, such as radiography, ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging, play a crucial role in evaluating acute and overuse injuries. Understanding tennis's technical and biomechanical aspects is essential for radiologists to make accurate diagnoses and assist the multidisciplinary team in guiding patient treatment for a safe return to the sport.

Surfing and skateboarding were primarily recreational sports before being thrust in the limelight of competition that culminated in their inclusion in the 2020 Tokyo Olympics. With their immense growth came increased propensity for musculoskeletal damage due to the performance of often aggressive airborne maneuvers. Direct trauma is the most common mechanism of injury in both sports. In surfing, the lower limbs are more often injured than the upper limbs, preferentially the rear extremities. Knee injuries like sprains, dislocations, and meniscal tears predominate. Contrary to surfing, skateboarding afflicts the upper extremities more than the lower extremities. Wrist and forearm trauma account for greater than half of all skateboarding injuries due to the participant falling on an outstretched arm. These sports will continue to grow in popularity, and knowing the common injury patterns can aid the radiologist in relevant and meaningful radiologic reporting and interpretation.

Aquatic sports, such as swimming, water polo, diving, and artistic swimming, combine endurance, strength, and flexibility with unique biomechanical demands, often leading to sport-specific injuries. Although water is a low-impact environment, the repetitive and high-intensity movements required in these disciplines increase the risk of both acute and overuse injuries. Swimmers frequently encounter shoulder overuse syndromes, water polo players face injuries from throwing and physical contact, and divers are at risk for spinal and wrist injuries during entry impacts. Imaging modalities, particularly magnetic resonance imaging, play a vital role in diagnosing and managing these conditions by providing detailed insights into soft tissue and bone pathologies. Radiographs, ultrasound, and computed tomography also complement the evaluation of specific injuries. This review explores the biomechanics of aquatic sports, the common patterns of injury, and the application of imaging in diagnosis and management for optimal recovery and performance.

Cricket, a globally renowned sport, requires a unique interplay of repetitive and high-intensity movements, rendering players susceptible to a broad spectrum of musculoskeletal injuries. This review delves into the biomechanical principles underpinning common cricket-related injuries and the pivotal role of magnetic resonance imaging in their diagnosis and management. With a primary focus on the shoulder, elbow, wrist, torso, and lumbar spine, the discussion encompasses injury mechanisms, adaptive biomechanical changes, and associated pathologies, such as internal impingement, labral tears, nondominant wrist injuries, and stress fractures (spondylolysis). The integration of biomechanical analysis with advanced magnetic resonance imaging techniques facilitates early and accurate diagnosis while optimizing therapeutic interventions, thereby enhancing player recovery and extending athletic longevity.

This history page describes the history of the German Society of Musculoskeletal Radiology, a relatively young radiologic society dedicated to musculoskeletal imaging in German-speaking countries.

Track and field sports, also known as athletics, encompassing sports modalities such as running, jumping, and throwing, is a highly demanding sport with significant risk of injury. This review discusses the epidemiology, imaging techniques, and especially typical injury patterns associated with various track and field disciplines. Elite athletes, who undergo rigorous training and repetitive high-impact activities, are particularly prone to musculoskeletal injuries, with lower extremity injuries, such as muscle strains, ligament sprains, and bone stress injuries, the most common. Injury patterns vary by discipline due to specific biomechanical requirements. For instance, sprinting and jumping are more commonly linked to injuries of the foot and ankle; throwing sports often result in shoulder and elbow injuries. Advanced imaging, especially magnetic resonance imaging, plays a pivotal role in early diagnosis, allowing precise assessment of injury severity, informing prognosis, and supporting tailored treatment planning. Through detailed imaging insights and illustrations, we provide an up-to-date review on the most common injuries in track and field sports.