Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology最新文献

Basketball is a high-intensity sport associated with a wide range of musculoskeletal injuries, most commonly involving the lower extremities. These injuries frequently result from high-impact loading, rapid directional changes, and biomechanical inefficiencies such as poor neuromuscular control and abnormal movement patterns. Although acute injuries often occur through noncontact mechanisms during play, direct contact injuries have become more common over the years. Overuse injuries are also frequent in basketball and may develop silently and progress over time. Imaging plays a vital role in diagnosis, injury staging, treatment planning, and monitoring return-to-play readiness. This review explores the epidemiology, biomechanics, and imaging findings of common basketball-related injuries: ankle sprains, anterior cruciate ligament tears, patellar tendinopathy, Achilles tendon ruptures, and stress fractures.

Tennis is a sport characterized by high physical demands and complex biomechanical movements, leading to specific patterns of injuries. This article reviews the epidemiology, biomechanics, and radiologic features of injuries related to tennis, focusing on the musculoskeletal system (extremities, trunk, and spine). Injury mechanisms are closely linked to the dynamics of the kinetic chain and the repetitive motions intrinsic to the sport. Imaging techniques, such as radiography, ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging, play a crucial role in evaluating acute and overuse injuries. Understanding tennis's technical and biomechanical aspects is essential for radiologists to make accurate diagnoses and assist the multidisciplinary team in guiding patient treatment for a safe return to the sport.

Surfing and skateboarding were primarily recreational sports before being thrust in the limelight of competition that culminated in their inclusion in the 2020 Tokyo Olympics. With their immense growth came increased propensity for musculoskeletal damage due to the performance of often aggressive airborne maneuvers. Direct trauma is the most common mechanism of injury in both sports. In surfing, the lower limbs are more often injured than the upper limbs, preferentially the rear extremities. Knee injuries like sprains, dislocations, and meniscal tears predominate. Contrary to surfing, skateboarding afflicts the upper extremities more than the lower extremities. Wrist and forearm trauma account for greater than half of all skateboarding injuries due to the participant falling on an outstretched arm. These sports will continue to grow in popularity, and knowing the common injury patterns can aid the radiologist in relevant and meaningful radiologic reporting and interpretation.

Aquatic sports, such as swimming, water polo, diving, and artistic swimming, combine endurance, strength, and flexibility with unique biomechanical demands, often leading to sport-specific injuries. Although water is a low-impact environment, the repetitive and high-intensity movements required in these disciplines increase the risk of both acute and overuse injuries. Swimmers frequently encounter shoulder overuse syndromes, water polo players face injuries from throwing and physical contact, and divers are at risk for spinal and wrist injuries during entry impacts. Imaging modalities, particularly magnetic resonance imaging, play a vital role in diagnosing and managing these conditions by providing detailed insights into soft tissue and bone pathologies. Radiographs, ultrasound, and computed tomography also complement the evaluation of specific injuries. This review explores the biomechanics of aquatic sports, the common patterns of injury, and the application of imaging in diagnosis and management for optimal recovery and performance.

Cricket, a globally renowned sport, requires a unique interplay of repetitive and high-intensity movements, rendering players susceptible to a broad spectrum of musculoskeletal injuries. This review delves into the biomechanical principles underpinning common cricket-related injuries and the pivotal role of magnetic resonance imaging in their diagnosis and management. With a primary focus on the shoulder, elbow, wrist, torso, and lumbar spine, the discussion encompasses injury mechanisms, adaptive biomechanical changes, and associated pathologies, such as internal impingement, labral tears, nondominant wrist injuries, and stress fractures (spondylolysis). The integration of biomechanical analysis with advanced magnetic resonance imaging techniques facilitates early and accurate diagnosis while optimizing therapeutic interventions, thereby enhancing player recovery and extending athletic longevity.

This history page describes the history of the German Society of Musculoskeletal Radiology, a relatively young radiologic society dedicated to musculoskeletal imaging in German-speaking countries.

Track and field sports, also known as athletics, encompassing sports modalities such as running, jumping, and throwing, is a highly demanding sport with significant risk of injury. This review discusses the epidemiology, imaging techniques, and especially typical injury patterns associated with various track and field disciplines. Elite athletes, who undergo rigorous training and repetitive high-impact activities, are particularly prone to musculoskeletal injuries, with lower extremity injuries, such as muscle strains, ligament sprains, and bone stress injuries, the most common. Injury patterns vary by discipline due to specific biomechanical requirements. For instance, sprinting and jumping are more commonly linked to injuries of the foot and ankle; throwing sports often result in shoulder and elbow injuries. Advanced imaging, especially magnetic resonance imaging, plays a pivotal role in early diagnosis, allowing precise assessment of injury severity, informing prognosis, and supporting tailored treatment planning. Through detailed imaging insights and illustrations, we provide an up-to-date review on the most common injuries in track and field sports.

Volleyball is a very popular sport worldwide, and both the indoor and outdoor versions are played at the Olympics. The several different positions have unique associated injuries. Some positions require fast movements and reflexes; others require strength and power. Given the repetitive jumping and shoulder movements, some of the positions are susceptible to chronic overuse injuries. Others are related to landing awkwardly or taking powerful hits/blocks from the ball. Indoor volleyball, played on a firm surface, has more of an impact on players compared with beach volleyball played on sand. This article describes the fundamental positions and moves in volleyball, the differences between indoor and beach volleyball, the common risk factors, and specific injuries related to the upper extremity, lower extremity, and axial skeleton.

Weight lifting, although offering substantial health benefits such as improved bone density, muscle strength, and cardiovascular fitness, poses significant injury risks. In this article, we review common weight-lifting injuries associated with specific activities of Olympic lifts, bench press, deadlift, and squat, as well as general weight-lifting injuries.

The widely practiced sport of cycling presents unique biomechanical challenges leading to distinct injury patterns. This review explores the biomechanics of cycling, correlates them with common injuries, and discusses the imaging findings associated with these conditions. We focus on overuse injuries, acute traumatic injuries, and specific pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying these conditions. Emphasis is placed on the role of magnetic resonance imaging in diagnosis and management, highlighting how sport-specific biomechanics influence injury patterns and imaging appearances.