Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology最新文献

A 22-year-old woman with persistent headaches was diagnosed with a right parietal bone lytic lesion with a sunburst pattern, suspected to be either an intraosseous hemangioma or a Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Five years later, progressively increased skull bone destruction, identification of retroperitoneal and lumbar vertebra lesions, and a biopsy of the skull led to the diagnosis of a retroperitoneal paraganglioma with bone metastases. Genetic testing identified an SDHBmutation. This case underscores the diagnostic challenge of metastases of paraganglioma mimicking hemangiomas and thus delaying appropriate management. · - Skull metastases from paragangliomas can present with a pseudoangiomatous appearance that mimics a hemangioma.. · - The presence of an SDHB mutation is associated with more aggressive forms of paraganglioma with higher rates of metastasis and disease-specific morbidity.. · - Lifelong monitoring for paraganglioma is essential due to the risk of late metastasis, especially bone metastasis..

Anterior cruciate ligament tears represent a prevalent injury in sports that involves rotational movements and rapid changes in direction, such as pivot-contact sports. The anterior cruciate ligament serves as the primary stabilizer of the knee, preventing anterior tibial translation and medial tibial rotation. Although clinical examination is essential for diagnosis, magnetic resonance imaging plays a crucial role in confirming complete tears and evaluating associated injuries, particularly meniscal injuries. Diagnosis relies on both direct and secondary signs that are instrumental in assessing knee laxity and stability. Despite advancements in imaging techniques, challenges persist in using magnetic resonance imaging to distinguish between complete and partial tears, evaluate knee instability, and determine the potential for anterior cruciate ligament healing.

The Société d'Imagerie Musculosquelettique was created in 2008, a merger between the Groupe d'Etude et de Travail en Imagerie Ostéo-Articulaire, which became the MSK subspecialty society of the French Society of Radiology in 1996, and the Groupe des Echographistes de l'appareil Locomoteur. It is a multidisciplinary French-speaking scientific society of 1,500 members (80% radiologists and 20% clinicians), administered by a board of 17 elected members.

Acute ankle sprain including distal tibiofibular syndesmosis injury is the most common lower limb sports injury. In the athletic population, imaging with magnetic resonance imaging plays an important role in the grading of acute ankle sprain but crucially also in the detection of associated injuries, such as bone contusion, osteochondral lesions, fracture, and tendon injury. Accurate diagnosis in the acute phase of injury facilitates surgical decision making, appropriate rehabilitation, and prediction of return-to-play time. This review article examines the medial ligament complex, the lateral ligament complex, and the syndesmosis in detail. It summarizes the normal ligamentous anatomy, mechanisms of injury, and provides imaging examples to illustrate the spectrum of findings in acute ankle sprains.

Fatigue fractures, also known as stress fractures, are frequent overuse injuries among athletes. They result from repetitive mechanical loads that exceed the bone's adaptive capacity, leading to microdamage and eventual fracture. Early and accurate diagnosis, primarily through magnetic resonance imaging, prevents complications and facilitates optimal recovery. This article provides a comprehensive review of the imaging of fatigue fractures.

The menisci play a crucial role in knee stability, load distribution, and shock absorption. Their anatomical structure is linked to the way they perform. Meniscal injuries are common in both athletic and nonathletic populations, accounting for > 60% of all reported knee injuries, making them the most common type of knee injury resulting from acute trauma or degenerative changes. Meniscal tears typically result from a combination of axial loading and rotational force. The medial meniscus is the most affected. Tears can be classified based on their location, pattern, and stability, influencing treatment decisions. The three patterns are horizontal tear (simple or complex with a flap), vertical or longitudinal tear (simple, bucket-handle, or specific case meniscal ramp tear), and radial tear (simple, parrot beak, and specific case meniscal root tears). Some diagnostic pitfalls are anatomical variants, ligamentous or tendinous structures, or variations in signal or meniscal shape.

The European Diploma in Musculoskeletal Radiology (EDiMSK) is a recognized European qualification of excellence for musculoskeletal (MSK) radiologists. The EDiMSK confirms proof of knowledge of MSK radiology in addition to any national qualifications certifying competency. The examination is conducted in English and consists of both a written and an oral part. This article guides candidates taking the EDiMSK examination on how to prepare for the oral exam that consists of clinical cases. Information is provided on how the clinical cases are structured and how the candidate is scored. Ten cases representative of the oral section of the EDiMSK are also presented.

Glenohumeral instability results from disruptions in dynamic and static stabilizers of the glenohumeral joint, leading to dislocation, subluxation, or chronic apprehension. Although anterior glenohumeral instability is the most common form, posterior instability represents a distinct and often underrecognized condition with unique biomechanical and clinical characteristics. Imaging plays a critical role in evaluating shoulder instability, guiding diagnosis, and informing treatment decisions. Radiographs, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging help assess structural abnormalities, such as labral tears, capsuloligamentous injuries, and osseous defects. Advanced imaging techniques, such as three-dimensional computed tomography and zero echo time magnetic resonance imaging, offer improved assessment of bone loss; magnetic resonance arthrography enhances the detection of soft tissue pathology. This article offers a comprehensive review of the imaging spectrum of glenohumeral instability, covering labral pathology, capsuloligamentous injuries, and bone loss. It highlights the critical role of precise imaging assessment in guiding optimal management strategies for both anterior and posterior instability patterns.

Musculotendinous injuries represent a major concern in sports medicine, with significant implications for athlete recovery and performance. Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging, in particular, play a crucial role in diagnosing and monitoring these injuries, guiding treatment strategies, and estimating prognosis. Understanding the anatomy and distribution of connective tissue is fundamental to identifying and classifying musculotendinous injuries accurately. This review focuses on the imaging features of musculotendinous injuries and their evolution, emphasizing the role of connective tissue and the anatomical differences influencing injury patterns. It also examines current grading systems and their prognostic value, highlighting the need for muscle-specific subclassifications to improve accuracy in predicting return to play.