Sante Publique最新文献

Introduction: The off-label use of doxycycline to prevent certain sexually transmitted infections (STIs), outside controlled research environments, has been occurring for several years.

Purpose of the study: The objective of this study was to describe the off-label use of doxycycline as a preventive treatment for STIs by conducting a review of the literature, including analysis of a social network.

Results: In total, 11 eligible references were identified, comprising 9 letters and 2 original articles. One press article and six Reddit® discussions were also selected. Most doxycycline users identified in this study were men who have sex with men, with numerous partners and without using condoms. Doxycycline was mainly prescribed by a doctor, but some users obtain the medication in its veterinary form via the internet. HIV PrEP was identified as a factor leading to the decision to take doxycycline. While most users expressed confidence in its efficacy, some expressed reservations due to its inability to provide comprehensive protection against all STIs, and due to the occurrence of side effects.

Conclusion: The increase in self-medication with doxycycline for STI prevention necessitates enhanced monitoring, addressing both disease transmission risks and potential adverse drug reactions.

Introduction: Vaccination of health professionals, including those in training, is crucial for population protection, especially in the face of emerging infectious risks. Health care students constitute a population that is potentially exposed to viruses and may pass them on, but also plays a major role as future prescribers. Despite the importance of this topic, there is little research on vaccine hesitancy within this population.

Purpose of the study: The purpose of this literature review was to collect, organize, and analyze the existing data on vaccine hesitancy among health care students worldwide, and the factors associated with it.

Results: Nineteen articles were included in the analysis. There was no consensus on the definition of vaccine hesitancy. Depending on the study, estimates of vaccine hesitancy among health care students for all vaccinations as a whole ranged from 6.7% to 80.2%. One of the main factors associated with vaccine hesitancy identified by the study was doubt, fear, anxiety, or expressed statements about a lack of vaccine safety, with concern about vaccine-induced adverse events. Vaccine hesitancy was higher for emerging infections (such as COVID-19 and H1N1). It also depended on the country and course of study.

Conclusions: To address the current challenge of vaccination among health care students, qualitative exploration of vaccine hesitancy is essential. This requires more detailed exploration of the sociocultural and professional contexts related to this hesitancy, as well as a more in-depth description of teaching on vaccination across disciplines.

Objectives: To design a multifactorial digital intervention based on a logic model promoting the adoption of at least two protective actions that are easy to incorporate into a routine, relating to the following health determinants: physical activity, nutrition, smoking, alcohol, stress, sleep, cognitive health, and environmental health. This objective falls within a strategy of lifelong health promotion and disease prevention, and is part of a Santé publique France project studying the methodology for developing a social marketing tool that includes a digital intervention for adults in mid-life, specifically targeting socially and economically deprived groups. This is consistent with Santé publique France health information research techniques and its goal of combating social and regional inequalities in health.

Methods and results: The digital intervention used the COM-B model and took into account persuasive technology and psychosocial skills identified for each of the targeted health determinants. Qualitative studies with trial users have shown that supporting capabilities and opportunities seems to favor the adoption of an action, without a noticeable change in motivation.

Conclusion: The modeling of the digital behavior change intervention confirmed the robustness of the actions, which are considered easy to integrate into daily life or to automate. Both the modeling and the design of an assessment protocol, conducted in tandem, consolidated the choice of the digital resources to be developed. The digital intervention has yet to be evaluated in terms of its logic model.

As committed associative campaigners for global health and rights, we have observed that health interventions are often dominated by a biomedical perspective. This approach tends to be disconnected from local dynamics, excludes communities, and replicates standardized intervention models. In light of this, we examine how to rethink projects by engaging front-line associations in a collective reflection that amplifies the voices of those most directly affected.In this perspective, we have anchored our action in a feminist health democracy approach. Through initiatives such as the "Jeunes en vigie" project, we aim to highlight practices that challenge and transform power dynamics both in the way that actions are carried out and in the production of knowledge. These initiatives focus on the individual and collective empowerment of young people, particularly young women, and the establishment of dialogue with healthcare providers. They aim to give value to experiential and medical knowledge and to promote the participation of everyone in decisions concerning health.

Introduction: Incorporating gender considerations is a modern challenge for those developing policies and interventions in the field of addictology, particularly with regard to women and transgender people. A book published under the aegis of the Pompidou Group (Council of Europe) offers cross-cultural and evidence-based recommendations in this area.

Purpose of the study: This article provides an operational overview of this work, presenting the data that drives approaches to addictology that are sensitive to women's and transgender people's needs, and suggesting ways of adapting preventive and medico-social interventions.

Results: Women and trans people are disproportionately affected by the health consequences and violence associated with drug use. Prevention must address gender norms that may act as a catalyst for drug use and gender-based violence, in order to curb these mechanisms at an early stage and remove barriers to seeking help. At all stages of care, it is crucial to consider psycho-trauma, particularly for women and transgender people, in order to facilitate their access to care and adapt responses to the specific needs of these groups, beyond the issues of pregnancy and motherhood. Practical or clinical arrangements are sometimes necessary to lower the barriers to access to care (fear of stigmatization, fear for safety, etc.).

Conclusion: Developing gender sensitivity in addictology is feasible, ethical, and relevant. This shift requires innovative and evaluated responses to promote the dissemination of effective measures.

Introduction: Our work has examined the controversial role of NGOs in health development in Africa. NGOs are criticized for perpetuating the power structures of domination inherited from colonialism by appropriating development assistance for health (DAH) resources, thereby replacing national governments on the ground and imposing their own agenda in the provision of health services to populations.

Methods: We have utilized two sources of knowledge to address this concern. A review of the literature published after 2014 was used to explain the inappropriate practices of the development aid industry in relation to the health sector in Africa. Next, the authors' experiences in dealing with this situation were drawn on to define a new partnership for global public health that meets Africa's needs.

Results: The strategy of Africa's Global North partners is increasingly to use NGOs as the preferred intermediaries for their support, accusing African countries of being corrupt and incompetent. With the resources they appropriate, the NGOs take the place of national governments on the ground and, in many cases, undermine four key pillars in the development of any health system: governance, financing, human resources, and the provision of services, thereby contributing to the ongoing weakening of healthcare systems in Africa. The accompaniment approach, in which donors transfer DAH resources to governments, who in turn choose the NGOs they wish to work with, would be a more beneficial partnership for Africa. The fight against corruption and the strengthening of Africa's capacity for health action would be technical-assistance priorities in a new partnership grounded in mutual trust.

Discussion: The decolonization of public health in Africa is underway. Africa offers TFPs and NGOs a new partnership based on trust, in which it decides on the health agenda and the support model that will be most beneficial to it.