C. R. Luque-Fernández, Ibai Alcelay, Luis N. Villegas Paredes, Edwin F. Bocardo‐Delgado
Plastic pollution in marine and coastal environments has been widely recognized as a growing environmental concern. Plastic particles generated mainly by the degradation of larger plastic debris have been called microplastics (< 5 mm), which are being widely studied in all regions of the world. In South America there has been a constant increase of the research on this topic mainly on the Pacific coast. Specifically, in Peru, the number of publications has also increased, but the northern and southern zones are not well studied. Due to the importance of determining the presence of these contaminants, especially in coastal regions, which are considered as repository environments for these plastics, it is necessary to establish baselines of their current situation. This research aimed to determine and characterize the presence of microplastic particles (< 5 mm) on five sandy beaches in the province of Islay in southern Peru and to consider the possible effect of the Tambo River mouth on the transport and deposition of microplastics on two adjacent beaches. Three sampling stations were determined for each selected beach, consisting of three to two quadrants (1 m2) sampled at 5 cm depth. The results confirm the presence of microplastics. A total of 304 particles were found, with an average density between 1 to 4 part/m2. The areas with the highest concentration of microplastic particles and frequency of occurrence were the beaches adjacent to the river estuary where the most frequent types of particles were fragments and fibers, followed by foams and films, but no pellets.
{"title":"First approach to microplastics occurrence in sandy beaches in the province of Islay (Arequipa), southern Peru","authors":"C. R. Luque-Fernández, Ibai Alcelay, Luis N. Villegas Paredes, Edwin F. Bocardo‐Delgado","doi":"10.20937/rica.54664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20937/rica.54664","url":null,"abstract":"Plastic pollution in marine and coastal environments has been widely recognized as a growing environmental concern. Plastic particles generated mainly by the degradation of larger plastic debris have been called microplastics (< 5 mm), which are being widely studied in all regions of the world. In South America there has been a constant increase of the research on this topic mainly on the Pacific coast. Specifically, in Peru, the number of publications has also increased, but the northern and southern zones are not well studied. Due to the importance of determining the presence of these contaminants, especially in coastal regions, which are considered as repository environments for these plastics, it is necessary to establish baselines of their current situation. This research aimed to determine and characterize the presence of microplastic particles (< 5 mm) on five sandy beaches in the province of Islay in southern Peru and to consider the possible effect of the Tambo River mouth on the transport and deposition of microplastics on two adjacent beaches. Three sampling stations were determined for each selected beach, consisting of three to two quadrants (1 m2) sampled at 5 cm depth. The results confirm the presence of microplastics. A total of 304 particles were found, with an average density between 1 to 4 part/m2. The areas with the highest concentration of microplastic particles and frequency of occurrence were the beaches adjacent to the river estuary where the most frequent types of particles were fragments and fibers, followed by foams and films, but no pellets.","PeriodicalId":49608,"journal":{"name":"Revista Internacional De Contaminacion Ambiental","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49189587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
El objetivo del presente trabajo es proponer un modelo para la evaluación de la gestión de la calidad del aire (GCA) en cinco ciudades del estado de Guanajuato a modo de sistema complejo. Se aplicó la entropía como medida en la variabilidad de sus instrumentos de gestión, se utilizó el Índice de Variación Cualitativa (IQV) observado en las funciones y estrategias de cada unidad responsable de la calidad del aire (URCA) y el Índice de Coocurrencia de Códigos (ICC) para analizar los avances instrumentados que se reportaron en los informes del programa para mejorar la calidad del aire (PROAIRE). Los resultados se emplearon para crear un modelo de GCA que ubica a la URCA de cada una de las cinco ciudades dentro del espacio fase como un sistema complejo. Esto propone una solución a la diversidad de enfoques cualitativos, cuantitativos o mixtos para su estudio y a la falta o exceso de información relacionada con el estudio de la GCA.
{"title":"Modelo complejo para la evaluación de la gestión de la calidad del aire en cinco ciudades del estado de Guanajuato, México","authors":"David Salas-Rodríguez","doi":"10.20937/rica.54489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20937/rica.54489","url":null,"abstract":"El objetivo del presente trabajo es proponer un modelo para la evaluación de la gestión de la calidad del aire (GCA) en cinco ciudades del estado de Guanajuato a modo de sistema complejo. Se aplicó la entropía como medida en la variabilidad de sus instrumentos de gestión, se utilizó el Índice de Variación Cualitativa (IQV) observado en las funciones y estrategias de cada unidad responsable de la calidad del aire (URCA) y el Índice de Coocurrencia de Códigos (ICC) para analizar los avances instrumentados que se reportaron en los informes del programa para mejorar la calidad del aire (PROAIRE). Los resultados se emplearon para crear un modelo de GCA que ubica a la URCA de cada una de las cinco ciudades dentro del espacio fase como un sistema complejo. Esto propone una solución a la diversidad de enfoques cualitativos, cuantitativos o mixtos para su estudio y a la falta o exceso de información relacionada con el estudio de la GCA.","PeriodicalId":49608,"journal":{"name":"Revista Internacional De Contaminacion Ambiental","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49430411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The negative effects of tourism have led to urban, environmental, and social deterioration in various Mexican tourist destinations. Biotechnology can provide some technical alternatives for hydrocarbon and plastic pollution with promising results of bioremediation. However, the scientific approach apparently is insufficient due to the magnitude of environmental concerns regarding these materials. In this work, remediation and prevention are studied. Therefore, Official Mexican Standards that directly address environmental problems, particularly those generated by hydrocarbons and microplastics, are necessary.
{"title":"Tourism sustainability, Official Mexican Standards and the fulfillment of the human right to a healthy environment: Hydrocarbons, plastics, and bioremediation","authors":"Violeta Mendezcarlo Silva, M. Lizardi-Jiménez","doi":"10.20937/rica.54240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20937/rica.54240","url":null,"abstract":"The negative effects of tourism have led to urban, environmental, and social deterioration in various Mexican tourist destinations. Biotechnology can provide some technical alternatives for hydrocarbon and plastic pollution with promising results of bioremediation. However, the scientific approach apparently is insufficient due to the magnitude of environmental concerns regarding these materials. In this work, remediation and prevention are studied. Therefore, Official Mexican Standards that directly address environmental problems, particularly those generated by hydrocarbons and microplastics, are necessary.","PeriodicalId":49608,"journal":{"name":"Revista Internacional De Contaminacion Ambiental","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44095030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
María Liliana Sánchez Chacón, Jorge Luis Ramos Ochoa, Lizardo Visitación Figueroa
La industria cerámica genera emisiones que contienen flúor, partículas atmosféricas, compuestos orgánicos y residuos de materia prima que se precipitan al suelo. El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar los parámetros de calidad de aire y suelo que sirvan como marcadores de las emisiones. Para ello se evaluaron los parámetros de velocidad y dirección del viento; la presencia de partículas atmosféricas PM10 y PM2.5; el contenido de flúor en PM2.5 y metales en PM10 como parámetros de calidad de aire; el contenido de aniones, metales y análisis mineralógico como indicadores de calidad de suelo. Se determinó que la concentración de flúor en PM2.5 se encuentra entre < 5 y 279 mg/m3, lo que puede ocasionar daños a la vegetación; se estableció que la relación PM2.5/PM10 alcanzó valores de 62.2 a 95.8 %, medición que indica la presencia de partículas atmosféricas debida a los procesos de cocción, y que la concentración de Na en PM10 alcanzó valores de 32.80 a 50.31 mg/m3 provenientes de las plagioclasas. Se puede agregar que la concentración de metales y aniones, así como el porcentaje de plagioclasas en suelo, fueron superiores en la zona de mayor influencia. Se concluye que la presencia de flúor en PM2.5 y Na en PM10, así como la relación PM2.5/PM10 en el aire son marcadores de las emisiones del proceso de cocción, y que el incremento de la concentración de metales y aniones, y el porcentaje de plagioclasas en suelo son marcadores del depósito de partículas atmosféricas o residuos de materias primas.
{"title":"Marcadores relacionados a las emisiones de la industria cerámica","authors":"María Liliana Sánchez Chacón, Jorge Luis Ramos Ochoa, Lizardo Visitación Figueroa","doi":"10.20937/rica.54502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20937/rica.54502","url":null,"abstract":"La industria cerámica genera emisiones que contienen flúor, partículas atmosféricas, compuestos orgánicos y residuos de materia prima que se precipitan al suelo. El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar los parámetros de calidad de aire y suelo que sirvan como marcadores de las emisiones. Para ello se evaluaron los parámetros de velocidad y dirección del viento; la presencia de partículas atmosféricas PM10 y PM2.5; el contenido de flúor en PM2.5 y metales en PM10 como parámetros de calidad de aire; el contenido de aniones, metales y análisis mineralógico como indicadores de calidad de suelo. Se determinó que la concentración de flúor en PM2.5 se encuentra entre < 5 y 279 mg/m3, lo que puede ocasionar daños a la vegetación; se estableció que la relación PM2.5/PM10 alcanzó valores de 62.2 a 95.8 %, medición que indica la presencia de partículas atmosféricas debida a los procesos de cocción, y que la concentración de Na en PM10 alcanzó valores de 32.80 a 50.31 mg/m3 provenientes de las plagioclasas. Se puede agregar que la concentración de metales y aniones, así como el porcentaje de plagioclasas en suelo, fueron superiores en la zona de mayor influencia. Se concluye que la presencia de flúor en PM2.5 y Na en PM10, así como la relación PM2.5/PM10 en el aire son marcadores de las emisiones del proceso de cocción, y que el incremento de la concentración de metales y aniones, y el porcentaje de plagioclasas en suelo son marcadores del depósito de partículas atmosféricas o residuos de materias primas.","PeriodicalId":49608,"journal":{"name":"Revista Internacional De Contaminacion Ambiental","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41339713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arely Areanely Cruz-Salas, J. C. Alvarez-Zeferino, Jocelyn Tapia-Fuentes, B. Pérez-Aragón, Carolina Martínez-Salvador, A. Vázquez-Morillas, S. Ojeda-Benítez
Marine environments are the most studied habitats when addressing microplastic pollution. However, there are no standardized methodologies for this analysis, so methodologies are often adapted by researchers. This situation has raised doubts concerning the reliability and reproducibility of results that are related to the null or little use of measures to avoid cross-contamination. The objective of this work was to carry out a short review and analyze the different measures that have been reported in research articles for different marine habitats, published in the ScienceDirect database in 2020, to avoid cross-contamination during fieldwork and laboratory work. From the 115 analyzed articles, eight did not report measures at any stage, 61 took measures during sampling, and 98 did it in the processing stage. Even though most studies take steps to prevent cross-contamination, they do not specify the percentage of contamination avoided. However, from the concentrations of microplastics in the blanks and the total microplastic concentrations in the samples, we estimate that between 4.8 and 69 % of contamination is avoided in sampling and between 0.1 and 48.8 % in the laboratory. This shows the need to establish standards for sampling and sample processing, which must include measures regarding the marine environment studied and the stage addressed, as well as the minimum percentages that should be met for the data to be considered valid and reliable.
{"title":"Measures to prevent cross-contamination in the analysis of microplastics: A short literature review","authors":"Arely Areanely Cruz-Salas, J. C. Alvarez-Zeferino, Jocelyn Tapia-Fuentes, B. Pérez-Aragón, Carolina Martínez-Salvador, A. Vázquez-Morillas, S. Ojeda-Benítez","doi":"10.20937/rica.54740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20937/rica.54740","url":null,"abstract":"Marine environments are the most studied habitats when addressing microplastic pollution. However, there are no standardized methodologies for this analysis, so methodologies are often adapted by researchers. This situation has raised doubts concerning the reliability and reproducibility of results that are related to the null or little use of measures to avoid cross-contamination. The objective of this work was to carry out a short review and analyze the different measures that have been reported in research articles for different marine habitats, published in the ScienceDirect database in 2020, to avoid cross-contamination during fieldwork and laboratory work. From the 115 analyzed articles, eight did not report measures at any stage, 61 took measures during sampling, and 98 did it in the processing stage. Even though most studies take steps to prevent cross-contamination, they do not specify the percentage of contamination avoided. However, from the concentrations of microplastics in the blanks and the total microplastic concentrations in the samples, we estimate that between 4.8 and 69 % of contamination is avoided in sampling and between 0.1 and 48.8 % in the laboratory. This shows the need to establish standards for sampling and sample processing, which must include measures regarding the marine environment studied and the stage addressed, as well as the minimum percentages that should be met for the data to be considered valid and reliable.","PeriodicalId":49608,"journal":{"name":"Revista Internacional De Contaminacion Ambiental","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42554935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Edmundo Morales-Galindo, Julia Blanco-Muñoz, Luz Arenas-Monreal, José Ángel Hernández Mariano
En México se utilizan plaguicidas organofosforados, carbamatos y piretroides en el programa de manejo de enfermedades trasmitidas por Aedes aegypti, por lo que los trabajadores que laboran en dichos programas como fumigadores constituyen una de las poblaciones con mayor riesgo de exposición ocupacional a estos compuestos. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar las condiciones de trabajo que incrementan la oportunidad de exposición a plaguicidas en el personal responsable del control del mosquito adulto A. aegypti en Morelos y cómo aquéllas moldean las prácticas de estos trabajadores. Se llevó a cabo un estudio cualitativo en 68 trabajadores de los Servicios de Salud de Morelos adscritos al programa de control de vectores. La información sobre condiciones de trabajo, percepción y prácticas de riesgo se obtuvo mediante grupos focales y registro etnográfico durante abril y mayo del 2014. De acuerdo con la información obtenida, el contexto de trabajo y las condiciones laborales precarias modulan las conductas de riesgo en el manejo de plaguicidas al representar barreras concretas que dificultan la adopción de medidas de seguridad. Los resultados de este estudio muestran la importancia de generar condiciones laborales destinadas a reducir la oportunidad de exposición a plaguicidas en el personal de salud que realiza tareas de control químico de enfermedades transmitidas por vector.
{"title":"Condiciones de trabajo y prácticas con plaguicidas en trabajadores de control de vectores en México","authors":"Edmundo Morales-Galindo, Julia Blanco-Muñoz, Luz Arenas-Monreal, José Ángel Hernández Mariano","doi":"10.20937/rica.54786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20937/rica.54786","url":null,"abstract":"En México se utilizan plaguicidas organofosforados, carbamatos y piretroides en el programa de manejo de enfermedades trasmitidas por Aedes aegypti, por lo que los trabajadores que laboran en dichos programas como fumigadores constituyen una de las poblaciones con mayor riesgo de exposición ocupacional a estos compuestos. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar las condiciones de trabajo que incrementan la oportunidad de exposición a plaguicidas en el personal responsable del control del mosquito adulto A. aegypti en Morelos y cómo aquéllas moldean las prácticas de estos trabajadores. Se llevó a cabo un estudio cualitativo en 68 trabajadores de los Servicios de Salud de Morelos adscritos al programa de control de vectores. La información sobre condiciones de trabajo, percepción y prácticas de riesgo se obtuvo mediante grupos focales y registro etnográfico durante abril y mayo del 2014. De acuerdo con la información obtenida, el contexto de trabajo y las condiciones laborales precarias modulan las conductas de riesgo en el manejo de plaguicidas al representar barreras concretas que dificultan la adopción de medidas de seguridad. Los resultados de este estudio muestran la importancia de generar condiciones laborales destinadas a reducir la oportunidad de exposición a plaguicidas en el personal de salud que realiza tareas de control químico de enfermedades transmitidas por vector.","PeriodicalId":49608,"journal":{"name":"Revista Internacional De Contaminacion Ambiental","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48532550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jael Rosas-Sánchez, H. Saldarriaga-Noreña, L. Chávez-Almazán, M. Murillo-Tovar, I. I. Ramírez-Bustos, V. León-Hernández, Pedro Guillermo Reyes, J. Vergara-Sánchez, E. Fernández-Herrera
The state of Morelos is the main producer of figs in the Mexican Republic, contributing 50% of the national production. Despite the fact that the official regulations in Mexico only allow the use of some pesticides on figs, it is common to find residues of prohibited substances. This work aims to assess the occurrence of pesticide residues in the fig cultivation from 15 different parcels located in Morelos in order to determine their degree of dissipation and the resultant health risk. The fig samples were analyzed using the QuEChERS multi-residue extraction, followed by gas chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometer, and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometer. Nine pesticides were detected in the sampled crops, of which five were above the maximum allowed residue levels. The pesticides with the highest concentrations were thiophanate-methyl (0.733 mg/kg), chlorothalonil (0.445 mg/kg), propamocarb (0.395 mg/kg), and carbendazim (0.313 mg/kg). All Risk Health Index values were less than 1, indicating no risk to human health. However, it is noteworthy that dietary pesticide intakes estimated in this study considered only exposures from fig fruit and did not include other fruits, vegetables, grains, dairy, fish, or meat, among others. These findings suggest the need for a continuous monitoring program for pesticide residues in cultivated vegetables in Morelos.
{"title":"Occurrence of pesticide residues in fig crops (Ficus carica L.), in Morelos, Mexico","authors":"Jael Rosas-Sánchez, H. Saldarriaga-Noreña, L. Chávez-Almazán, M. Murillo-Tovar, I. I. Ramírez-Bustos, V. León-Hernández, Pedro Guillermo Reyes, J. Vergara-Sánchez, E. Fernández-Herrera","doi":"10.20937/rica.54711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20937/rica.54711","url":null,"abstract":"The state of Morelos is the main producer of figs in the Mexican Republic, contributing 50% of the national production. Despite the fact that the official regulations in Mexico only allow the use of some pesticides on figs, it is common to find residues of prohibited substances. This work aims to assess the occurrence of pesticide residues in the fig cultivation from 15 different parcels located in Morelos in order to determine their degree of dissipation and the resultant health risk. The fig samples were analyzed using the QuEChERS multi-residue extraction, followed by gas chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometer, and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometer. Nine pesticides were detected in the sampled crops, of which five were above the maximum allowed residue levels. The pesticides with the highest concentrations were thiophanate-methyl (0.733 mg/kg), chlorothalonil (0.445 mg/kg), propamocarb (0.395 mg/kg), and carbendazim (0.313 mg/kg). All Risk Health Index values were less than 1, indicating no risk to human health. However, it is noteworthy that dietary pesticide intakes estimated in this study considered only exposures from fig fruit and did not include other fruits, vegetables, grains, dairy, fish, or meat, among others. These findings suggest the need for a continuous monitoring program for pesticide residues in cultivated vegetables in Morelos.","PeriodicalId":49608,"journal":{"name":"Revista Internacional De Contaminacion Ambiental","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43480257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-12DOI: 10.20937/rica.2023.39.msmg
{"title":"Vol. 39 (2023): Memorias XX Congreso Internacional y XXVI Congreso Nacional de Ciencias","authors":"","doi":"10.20937/rica.2023.39.msmg","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20937/rica.2023.39.msmg","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49608,"journal":{"name":"Revista Internacional De Contaminacion Ambiental","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44300512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yedidia Villegas-Peralta, R. G. Sánchez-Duarte, J. López‐Cervantes, D. Sánchez‐Machado, M. R. Martínez-Macías, N. J. Ríos-Vázquez, Germán Eduardo Dévora-Isiordia, M. A. Correa-Murrieta
This work presents the morphology and characterization of chitosan nanoparticles crosslinked with lecithin in the form of nano-onions obtained by an easy, economical, and possibly scalable method from a polymeric precursor known as chitosan. The creation of new products by using shrimp waste is a fundamental factor in avoiding water pollution. These materials have a positive impact as they add value to waste, and they provide the opportunity to decrease pollution. Chitosan nano-onions were synthesized by an environmentally friendly, easy, and inexpensive method using chitosan as a natural source. Chitosan nano-onions (CSNO) were characterized by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and specific surface area (SSA). The nano-onions characterization obtained by FTIR shows the presence of carbonyl groups at a wavenumber of 1752.12 cm–1, while the phosphate groups attributed to lecithin are observed at 1156.88 cm–1. XRD analysis confirmed an amorphous structure, while SEM images presented a globular morphology with concave surfaces. TEM analysis showed that the nano-onions are congregated in a unique structure that includes nanotubes. The CSNO average diameter by DLS was 442.5 nm with an octagonal arrangement, and a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.532 and 31.9 mV. The average size of CSNO, the PDI, and the value of zeta potential were indicators of a stable dispersion with a specific superficial area measured by the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method of 1.4 m2 g–1. The results of the chitosan-lecithin nano-onions characterization indicate changes in the surface of the material with a larger total surface area and pore structure, compared to that of pure chitosan. According to the results of the CHNO characterization, they could be used as adsorbents for contaminants and they also have a potential application in the biomedical area, mainly as drug encapsulation material.
{"title":"Nano-onions based on chitosan: Production and characterization","authors":"Yedidia Villegas-Peralta, R. G. Sánchez-Duarte, J. López‐Cervantes, D. Sánchez‐Machado, M. R. Martínez-Macías, N. J. Ríos-Vázquez, Germán Eduardo Dévora-Isiordia, M. A. Correa-Murrieta","doi":"10.20937/rica.54204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20937/rica.54204","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents the morphology and characterization of chitosan nanoparticles crosslinked with lecithin in the form of nano-onions obtained by an easy, economical, and possibly scalable method from a polymeric precursor known as chitosan. The creation of new products by using shrimp waste is a fundamental factor in avoiding water pollution. These materials have a positive impact as they add value to waste, and they provide the opportunity to decrease pollution. Chitosan nano-onions were synthesized by an environmentally friendly, easy, and inexpensive method using chitosan as a natural source. Chitosan nano-onions (CSNO) were characterized by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and specific surface area (SSA). The nano-onions characterization obtained by FTIR shows the presence of carbonyl groups at a wavenumber of 1752.12 cm–1, while the phosphate groups attributed to lecithin are observed at 1156.88 cm–1. XRD analysis confirmed an amorphous structure, while SEM images presented a globular morphology with concave surfaces. TEM analysis showed that the nano-onions are congregated in a unique structure that includes nanotubes. The CSNO average diameter by DLS was 442.5 nm with an octagonal arrangement, and a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.532 and 31.9 mV. The average size of CSNO, the PDI, and the value of zeta potential were indicators of a stable dispersion with a specific superficial area measured by the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method of 1.4 m2 g–1. The results of the chitosan-lecithin nano-onions characterization indicate changes in the surface of the material with a larger total surface area and pore structure, compared to that of pure chitosan. According to the results of the CHNO characterization, they could be used as adsorbents for contaminants and they also have a potential application in the biomedical area, mainly as drug encapsulation material.","PeriodicalId":49608,"journal":{"name":"Revista Internacional De Contaminacion Ambiental","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46982835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alejandra López Lanuza, Rodrigo Aníbal Mateos Nava, Lucila Álvarez Barrera, Juan José Rodríguez Mercado
El galio (Ga), indio (In) y talio (Tl) son tres metales pertenecientes a la familia 13 (IIIA) de la tabla periódica de los elementos químicos y por sus múltiples aplicaciones industriales, tecnológicas, agrícolas y médicas, se ha propiciado el incremento de su presencia en el ambiente y en los ecosistemas. Sin embargo, ninguno tiene funciones biológicas reconocidas. La presente revisión se realizó con la finalidad de compilar la información disponible sobre la contaminación, exposición humana, toxicocinética y genotoxicidad del Ga, In y Tl en estado de oxidación +3. El Ga3+, In3+ y Tl3+ tienen propiedades particulares que influyen en su mecanismo de acción, tal como la composición química, la solubilidad y el tamaño de la partícula; las cuales a su vez participan en los procesos de inducción de toxicidad. Varios de sus efectos están asociados con la ruta de exposición, su absorción y entrada a la célula, la capacidad de desbalancear la homeostasis oxidante-antioxidante, alterar las funciones moleculares y generar toxicidad celular. Asimismo, la capacidad de generar daño a las biomoléculas, entre ellas el ADN. En general, los estudios realizados sobre el Ga3+, In3+ y Tl3+ demuestran su capacidad de inducir varios efectos adversos que pueden repercutir en la salud humana.
{"title":"Metales interesantes de la familia III A: contaminación, toxicocinética y genotoxicidad del galio, indio y talio","authors":"Alejandra López Lanuza, Rodrigo Aníbal Mateos Nava, Lucila Álvarez Barrera, Juan José Rodríguez Mercado","doi":"10.20937/rica.54784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20937/rica.54784","url":null,"abstract":"El galio (Ga), indio (In) y talio (Tl) son tres metales pertenecientes a la familia 13 (IIIA) de la tabla periódica de los elementos químicos y por sus múltiples aplicaciones industriales, tecnológicas, agrícolas y médicas, se ha propiciado el incremento de su presencia en el ambiente y en los ecosistemas. Sin embargo, ninguno tiene funciones biológicas reconocidas. La presente revisión se realizó con la finalidad de compilar la información disponible sobre la contaminación, exposición humana, toxicocinética y genotoxicidad del Ga, In y Tl en estado de oxidación +3. El Ga3+, In3+ y Tl3+ tienen propiedades particulares que influyen en su mecanismo de acción, tal como la composición química, la solubilidad y el tamaño de la partícula; las cuales a su vez participan en los procesos de inducción de toxicidad. Varios de sus efectos están asociados con la ruta de exposición, su absorción y entrada a la célula, la capacidad de desbalancear la homeostasis oxidante-antioxidante, alterar las funciones moleculares y generar toxicidad celular. Asimismo, la capacidad de generar daño a las biomoléculas, entre ellas el ADN. En general, los estudios realizados sobre el Ga3+, In3+ y Tl3+ demuestran su capacidad de inducir varios efectos adversos que pueden repercutir en la salud humana.","PeriodicalId":49608,"journal":{"name":"Revista Internacional De Contaminacion Ambiental","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43268212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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