In order to improve the construction technology quality of the diversion tunnel lining in saturated sand stratum, the lining technology of underground diversion tunnel in saturated sand stratum is studied in detail in this paper. Steel trolley is used to complete binding production, and HBT-20 concrete pump is used to transport concrete. Concrete construction starts from bottom plate and side arch. After the construction, the quality of the diversion tunnel lining is tested nondestructively by the impact elastic wave, and the thickness and defects of the lining are analyzed by the reflection characteristics and spectral relationship of the impact elastic wave. The strength of lining concrete is measured by the propagation characteristics of R wave and the relationship between wave velocity and strength. The results show that the maximum additional bending strain of tunnel wall is about 300 με. At measuring point B7, the thickness and strength of concrete lining can be accurately measured by nondestructive quality testing technology.
{"title":"Lining Technology of Saturated Sand Layer Underground Diversion Tunnel and the Measurement of Concrete Lining Thickness","authors":"Qixin Liu","doi":"10.20937/rica.54603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20937/rica.54603","url":null,"abstract":"In order to improve the construction technology quality of the diversion tunnel lining in saturated sand stratum, the lining technology of underground diversion tunnel in saturated sand stratum is studied in detail in this paper. Steel trolley is used to complete binding production, and HBT-20 concrete pump is used to transport concrete. Concrete construction starts from bottom plate and side arch. After the construction, the quality of the diversion tunnel lining is tested nondestructively by the impact elastic wave, and the thickness and defects of the lining are analyzed by the reflection characteristics and spectral relationship of the impact elastic wave. The strength of lining concrete is measured by the propagation characteristics of R wave and the relationship between wave velocity and strength. The results show that the maximum additional bending strain of tunnel wall is about 300 με. At measuring point B7, the thickness and strength of concrete lining can be accurately measured by nondestructive quality testing technology.","PeriodicalId":49608,"journal":{"name":"Revista Internacional De Contaminacion Ambiental","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47915751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano cellulose has the advantages of high degree of polymerization, high strength, degradability, and large specific surface area. The modifier is uniformly dispersed in the matrix material to form a composite system containing nano-scale materials in one phase. With regard to the above-mentioned competitive situation of performance fibers, China should first strengthen the research on engineering scale-up, focusing on finding the factors that affect product quality and dispersion coefficient from engineering issues, and making continuous improvements. Using the analytic hierarchy process method, according to the idea of first decomposition and then synthesis, through pairwise comparison between risk indicators, the risk weights of risk factors at various levels in the risk assessment index system are rigorously calculated and sorted, and the degree of membership and validity are compared. The risk assessment index is judged, the fuzzy clustering algorithm is used to identify the bad data in the market competition data, and the conditional value-at-risk (CVaR) model is constructed to conduct risk assessment. Experimental results show that the actual logarithmic rate of return fluctuates around 0, most of which are higher than the Va R value. Only in extreme cases will it break the Va R curve; the accuracy of risk assessment is close to 100%, and the (Tech-Sector Volatility)TSV indicator begins to decline significantly. That is, the transmission sensitivity of risk data is effectively improved.
{"title":"Market competition and risk assessment of nanofiber composite materials","authors":"Zhi-ming Yang","doi":"10.20937/rica.54582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20937/rica.54582","url":null,"abstract":"Nano cellulose has the advantages of high degree of polymerization, high strength, degradability, and large specific surface area. The modifier is uniformly dispersed in the matrix material to form a composite system containing nano-scale materials in one phase. With regard to the above-mentioned competitive situation of performance fibers, China should first strengthen the research on engineering scale-up, focusing on finding the factors that affect product quality and dispersion coefficient from engineering issues, and making continuous improvements. Using the analytic hierarchy process method, according to the idea of first decomposition and then synthesis, through pairwise comparison between risk indicators, the risk weights of risk factors at various levels in the risk assessment index system are rigorously calculated and sorted, and the degree of membership and validity are compared. The risk assessment index is judged, the fuzzy clustering algorithm is used to identify the bad data in the market competition data, and the conditional value-at-risk (CVaR) model is constructed to conduct risk assessment. Experimental results show that the actual logarithmic rate of return fluctuates around 0, most of which are higher than the Va R value. Only in extreme cases will it break the Va R curve; the accuracy of risk assessment is close to 100%, and the (Tech-Sector Volatility)TSV indicator begins to decline significantly. That is, the transmission sensitivity of risk data is effectively improved.","PeriodicalId":49608,"journal":{"name":"Revista Internacional De Contaminacion Ambiental","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45062990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mónica Jacqueline Hernandez-Jimenez, M. C. Monterrubio-Badillo, G. Pineda-Flores, Sandra Luz Álvarez-Pozos, I. Elizalde-Martínez
The increase in waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) has become an attractive waste for the recycling industry, mainly due to the high volume found in the waste flow that can be transformed into other products. The purpose of this study is to investigate the treatments applied to WEEE brominated plastics in companies of recycling in the Metropolitan Area of Guadalajara (MAG), Mexico, and the comparison with international guidelines. The information-gathering was obtained through interviews and visits; fourteen companies dedicated to the field of recovery, treatment and/or recycling of electronic waste were identified. Only seven companies allowed the study to be carried out, and only five companies provided plastics samples. Eighty-six samples of different kinds of plastics were obtained and analyzed using the Handheld X-ray fluorescence (HXRF) technique, and the atypical cases have undergone an analysis of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). Bromine was the predominant element in the samples analyzed, which sometimes exceeded the permissible limits of the European Directive 4 to 10 times, meaning that the concentration ranges go from 10000 to 39500 mg/kg. It was identified bromine as a chemical precursor of flame retardants, which is prohibited by international agreements because they cause damage to the environment and public health. As a result, the companies dedicated to the treatment and/or recycling of plastics from WEEE do not follow the practices and technologies used internationally. However, considering the circular economy, this is relevant to establish limits of traces of contaminants in recycled plastics.
{"title":"Analysis of the practices and technologies used for the treatment of brominated plastics of WEEE in Guadalajara city, Mexico","authors":"Mónica Jacqueline Hernandez-Jimenez, M. C. Monterrubio-Badillo, G. Pineda-Flores, Sandra Luz Álvarez-Pozos, I. Elizalde-Martínez","doi":"10.20937/rica.54355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20937/rica.54355","url":null,"abstract":"The increase in waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) has become an attractive waste for the recycling industry, mainly due to the high volume found in the waste flow that can be transformed into other products. The purpose of this study is to investigate the treatments applied to WEEE brominated plastics in companies of recycling in the Metropolitan Area of Guadalajara (MAG), Mexico, and the comparison with international guidelines. The information-gathering was obtained through interviews and visits; fourteen companies dedicated to the field of recovery, treatment and/or recycling of electronic waste were identified. Only seven companies allowed the study to be carried out, and only five companies provided plastics samples. Eighty-six samples of different kinds of plastics were obtained and analyzed using the Handheld X-ray fluorescence (HXRF) technique, and the atypical cases have undergone an analysis of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). Bromine was the predominant element in the samples analyzed, which sometimes exceeded the permissible limits of the European Directive 4 to 10 times, meaning that the concentration ranges go from 10000 to 39500 mg/kg. It was identified bromine as a chemical precursor of flame retardants, which is prohibited by international agreements because they cause damage to the environment and public health. As a result, the companies dedicated to the treatment and/or recycling of plastics from WEEE do not follow the practices and technologies used internationally. However, considering the circular economy, this is relevant to establish limits of traces of contaminants in recycled plastics.","PeriodicalId":49608,"journal":{"name":"Revista Internacional De Contaminacion Ambiental","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45079719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Naranjo-Morán, A. Mora-González, Emy Moína-Quimí, Omar Ruíz-Barzola, Omar Alvarado-Cadena, Paola Calle-Delgado, José Flores-Cedeño, Javier Oviedo-Anchundia, Milton Senen Barcos-Arias
El Na y el Pb en concentraciones altas pueden afectar el desarrollo de los cultivos. Una alternativa para mitigar el estrés vegetal ocasionado por estos elementos es la inoculación con hongos micorrízicos arbusculares (HMA). El presente trabajo se realizó con el objetivo de evaluar la absorción del Na y Pb en plantas de cucurbitáceas (Citrullus lanatus, Cucumis melo, Cucurbita ecuadoriensis, Cucurbita moschata) bajo condiciones controladas, además de evaluar el efecto de un consorcio de hongos micorrízicos arbusculares sobre una especie tolerante y otra susceptible. Los experimentos se realizaron en sustrato (cascarilla de arroz:arena en proporción 1:1). El Na y el Pb fueron aplicados a concentraciones de 0, 97, 309, 529, 741 mg/kg y 0, 150, 250, 500, 1000 mg/kg, respectivamente. Se evaluaron parámetros agronómicos y se cuantificó la acumulación de ambos elementos en la biomasa por espectrometría de absorción atómica. Como resultado, Cucurbita ecuadoriensis, especie tolerante a Na y Pb, acumuló en su biomasa total 10 301.3 mg/kg de Na y 5293.1 mg/kg de Pb. Mientras, la especie susceptible Cucumis melo acumuló 22 091.6 mg/kg de Na y 14 407 mg/kg de Pb en su biomasa total. En el ensayo con inoculación de hongos micorrízicos arbusculares se observó una disminución en Cucurbita ecuadoriensis que alcanzó 3419.3 mg/kg de Na y 4866.1 mg/kg de Pb. Asimismo, Cucumis melo acumuló 8681 mg/kg de Na y 3133.1 mg/kg de Pb en su biomasa total. En conclusión, la inoculación con HMA, permitió que ambas plantas acumulen menor cantidad de Na y Pb en sus sistemas.
{"title":"Comportamiento en la absorción de Na y Pb en plantas de cucurbitáceas e inoculación de micorrizas arbusculares nativas en especie tolerante y suceptible","authors":"J. Naranjo-Morán, A. Mora-González, Emy Moína-Quimí, Omar Ruíz-Barzola, Omar Alvarado-Cadena, Paola Calle-Delgado, José Flores-Cedeño, Javier Oviedo-Anchundia, Milton Senen Barcos-Arias","doi":"10.20937/rica.54023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20937/rica.54023","url":null,"abstract":"El Na y el Pb en concentraciones altas pueden afectar el desarrollo de los cultivos. Una alternativa para mitigar el estrés vegetal ocasionado por estos elementos es la inoculación con hongos micorrízicos arbusculares (HMA). El presente trabajo se realizó con el objetivo de evaluar la absorción del Na y Pb en plantas de cucurbitáceas (Citrullus lanatus, Cucumis melo, Cucurbita ecuadoriensis, Cucurbita moschata) bajo condiciones controladas, además de evaluar el efecto de un consorcio de hongos micorrízicos arbusculares sobre una especie tolerante y otra susceptible. Los experimentos se realizaron en sustrato (cascarilla de arroz:arena en proporción 1:1). El Na y el Pb fueron aplicados a concentraciones de 0, 97, 309, 529, 741 mg/kg y 0, 150, 250, 500, 1000 mg/kg, respectivamente. Se evaluaron parámetros agronómicos y se cuantificó la acumulación de ambos elementos en la biomasa por espectrometría de absorción atómica. Como resultado, Cucurbita ecuadoriensis, especie tolerante a Na y Pb, acumuló en su biomasa total 10 301.3 mg/kg de Na y 5293.1 mg/kg de Pb. Mientras, la especie susceptible Cucumis melo acumuló 22 091.6 mg/kg de Na y 14 407 mg/kg de Pb en su biomasa total. En el ensayo con inoculación de hongos micorrízicos arbusculares se observó una disminución en Cucurbita ecuadoriensis que alcanzó 3419.3 mg/kg de Na y 4866.1 mg/kg de Pb. Asimismo, Cucumis melo acumuló 8681 mg/kg de Na y 3133.1 mg/kg de Pb en su biomasa total. En conclusión, la inoculación con HMA, permitió que ambas plantas acumulen menor cantidad de Na y Pb en sus sistemas.","PeriodicalId":49608,"journal":{"name":"Revista Internacional De Contaminacion Ambiental","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41589078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gabriela Bairán, E. Chávez-Bravo, Jossué Ortiz-Álvarez, Cynthia Romero-Guido, E. Torres
The oxidation of five sulfonamide antibiotics by the versatile peroxidase (VP, EC. 1.11.1.16) from Bjerkandera adusta was quantitatively assessed. The biocatalytic activity of the enzyme was studied by assaying different reaction conditions. Conversion levels were higher than 90 % for all five sulfonamide antibiotics in the model reaction system. In addition, the enzyme performance was also studied in treated wastewater effluents, where three sulfonamide antibiotics were oxidized at a higher level (greater than 85 % oxidation) and two were oxidized at a lower level (up to 50 %). The identified reaction products for two antibiotics, sulfasalazine, and sulfamethoxazole, showed higher antimicrobial activity than the parental compounds. Docking analyses exhibited that the reaction products interacted with the catalytic pocket of the dihydropteroate synthase from Escherichia coli, similar to the parental antibiotics. Though the oxidation is carried out at high velocity and conversion rates, the application of VP in the enzymatic oxidation technology of sulfonamide antibiotics must overcome the production of more toxic products.
{"title":"Oxidation of sulfonamide micropollutants by versatile peroxidase from Bjerkandera adusta","authors":"Gabriela Bairán, E. Chávez-Bravo, Jossué Ortiz-Álvarez, Cynthia Romero-Guido, E. Torres","doi":"10.20937/rica.54390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20937/rica.54390","url":null,"abstract":"The oxidation of five sulfonamide antibiotics by the versatile peroxidase (VP, EC. 1.11.1.16) from Bjerkandera adusta was quantitatively assessed. The biocatalytic activity of the enzyme was studied by assaying different reaction conditions. Conversion levels were higher than 90 % for all five sulfonamide antibiotics in the model reaction system. In addition, the enzyme performance was also studied in treated wastewater effluents, where three sulfonamide antibiotics were oxidized at a higher level (greater than 85 % oxidation) and two were oxidized at a lower level (up to 50 %). The identified reaction products for two antibiotics, sulfasalazine, and sulfamethoxazole, showed higher antimicrobial activity than the parental compounds. Docking analyses exhibited that the reaction products interacted with the catalytic pocket of the dihydropteroate synthase from Escherichia coli, similar to the parental antibiotics. Though the oxidation is carried out at high velocity and conversion rates, the application of VP in the enzymatic oxidation technology of sulfonamide antibiotics must overcome the production of more toxic products.","PeriodicalId":49608,"journal":{"name":"Revista Internacional De Contaminacion Ambiental","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45412345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sergio Cházaro-Olvera, Jesús Montoya-Mendoza, M. Castañeda-Chávez, F. Lango-Reynoso, Vanesa Chaparro-Medina
Farmers have increased the production of food by using chemical substances such as diuron; however, these components affect the water quality and the species found in these ecosystems. Macrobrachium acanthurus and M. olfersii postlarvae present in the estuary of Río Jamapa, Veracruz were collected to measure the LC50 and LD50 using the herbicide Karmex (diuron: (3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea [DCMU]). The captures of the prawns were made with light traps. Acute toxicity bioassays were carried out at 96 h to determine the mean lethal concentration (LC50). In the experimental design, a geometric series was used considering the control and five concentrations of the herbicide (1.75, 3.5, 6.99, 14, and 28 mg/L). The data analysis was carried out with the Probit method. A maximum LC50 of 10.233 mg/L and LD50 of 8.221 mg/L of Karmex were obtained for M. acanthurus and a maximum LC50 of 9.242 mg/L and LD50 of 7.504 mg/L of Karmex were obtained for M. olfersii. The average lethal concentration was consistent with those of other crustaceans, such as Artemia salina and Daphnia. Based on the response in the bioassays, Macrobrachium acanthurus and M. olfersii postlarvae can be used in toxicology studies.
{"title":"Acute toxicity of the herbicide karmex (diuron) in Macrobrachium acanthurus and M. olfersii prawns","authors":"Sergio Cházaro-Olvera, Jesús Montoya-Mendoza, M. Castañeda-Chávez, F. Lango-Reynoso, Vanesa Chaparro-Medina","doi":"10.20937/rica.54610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20937/rica.54610","url":null,"abstract":"Farmers have increased the production of food by using chemical substances such as diuron; however, these components affect the water quality and the species found in these ecosystems. Macrobrachium acanthurus and M. olfersii postlarvae present in the estuary of Río Jamapa, Veracruz were collected to measure the LC50 and LD50 using the herbicide Karmex (diuron: (3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea [DCMU]). The captures of the prawns were made with light traps. Acute toxicity bioassays were carried out at 96 h to determine the mean lethal concentration (LC50). In the experimental design, a geometric series was used considering the control and five concentrations of the herbicide (1.75, 3.5, 6.99, 14, and 28 mg/L). The data analysis was carried out with the Probit method. A maximum LC50 of 10.233 mg/L and LD50 of 8.221 mg/L of Karmex were obtained for M. acanthurus and a maximum LC50 of 9.242 mg/L and LD50 of 7.504 mg/L of Karmex were obtained for M. olfersii. The average lethal concentration was consistent with those of other crustaceans, such as Artemia salina and Daphnia. Based on the response in the bioassays, Macrobrachium acanthurus and M. olfersii postlarvae can be used in toxicology studies.","PeriodicalId":49608,"journal":{"name":"Revista Internacional De Contaminacion Ambiental","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48135337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Se ha reportado la presencia de microplásticos (MP) en el contenido estomacal de peces de agua dulce a nivel global. Sin embargo, los mecanismos subyacentes al consumo de MP por parte de los animales acuáticos aún no están claros. En este estudio se investigó la pregunta fundamental de por qué los peces silvestres de agua dulce ingieren plástico. La ingesta de MP debida a la confusión por parte de los peces con sus presas naturales, tales como el plancton, es una hipótesis que ha cobrado importancia últimamente. Por lo tanto, el color del MP podría influenciar su consumo, especialmente en depredadores visuales. Con el objetivo de evaluar la ingesta de fragmentos de MP según el color (rojo, verde, amarillo, blanco, negro y azul), se llevó a cabo un experimento de opción múltiple en el laboratorio utilizando al pez cebra (Danio rerio) como modelo de estudio. Los resultados indicaron que frente a una oferta de igual proporción de MP de distintos colores, el pez cebra prefirió consumir los fragmentos de color azul, mientras que evitó consumir los verdes y los blancos. Aunque todavía no está claro en qué forma se relaciona la coloración del plástico con la selectividad y consumo en peces de agua dulce, las habilidades visuales de los peces podrían explicar por qué ciertos colores son atractivos para una especie de pez en particular.
{"title":"El papel del color en la ingesta de fragmentos de microplástico por el pez cebra (Danio rerio)","authors":"Juan Manuel Ríos","doi":"10.20937/rica.54523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20937/rica.54523","url":null,"abstract":"Se ha reportado la presencia de microplásticos (MP) en el contenido estomacal de peces de agua dulce a nivel global. Sin embargo, los mecanismos subyacentes al consumo de MP por parte de los animales acuáticos aún no están claros. En este estudio se investigó la pregunta fundamental de por qué los peces silvestres de agua dulce ingieren plástico. La ingesta de MP debida a la confusión por parte de los peces con sus presas naturales, tales como el plancton, es una hipótesis que ha cobrado importancia últimamente. Por lo tanto, el color del MP podría influenciar su consumo, especialmente en depredadores visuales. Con el objetivo de evaluar la ingesta de fragmentos de MP según el color (rojo, verde, amarillo, blanco, negro y azul), se llevó a cabo un experimento de opción múltiple en el laboratorio utilizando al pez cebra (Danio rerio) como modelo de estudio. Los resultados indicaron que frente a una oferta de igual proporción de MP de distintos colores, el pez cebra prefirió consumir los fragmentos de color azul, mientras que evitó consumir los verdes y los blancos. Aunque todavía no está claro en qué forma se relaciona la coloración del plástico con la selectividad y consumo en peces de agua dulce, las habilidades visuales de los peces podrían explicar por qué ciertos colores son atractivos para una especie de pez en particular.","PeriodicalId":49608,"journal":{"name":"Revista Internacional De Contaminacion Ambiental","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43133946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pedro C. Reyna-González, Dora Estefanía Paredes-Lizama, Fabiola Lango-Reynoso, M. D. R. Castañeda-Chávez, Jesús Montoya-Mendoza
El Sistema de Lagunas Interdunarias de la Ciudad de Veracruz (SLICV) forma parte de los ecosistemas naturales conocidos como sitios Ramsar, cuyo objetivo se centra en la conservación de funciones ecológicas. Este sistema, ubicado en la zona conurbada Veracruz-Boca del Río, está constituido por 18 lagunas consideradas “poco frecuentes”, ya que son cuerpos de agua dulce, someros y proveen diferentes servicios ecosistémicos a los habitantes de la zona. La pérdida gradual de dichos servicios ecosistémicos se debe a diversas fuentes de presión antrópica (por ejemplo, el cambio en el uso del suelo, falta de infraestructura de saneamiento, incremento de contaminantes y residuos). La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo la caracterización de los residuos que se vierten en el SLICV y su impacto sobre los diferentes servicios ecosistémicos de cada laguna. Los 18 sitios de muestreo se delimitaron geográficamente con un análisis espacial mediante sistemas de información geográfica (SIG). Se identificaron cuatro tipos de residuos, de los cuales el sólido urbano fue el más predominante. El servicio ecosistémico de regulación fue el más impactado en casi todas las lagunas
{"title":"Incorporación del análisis espacial para la caracterización de residuos y su impacto en el sistema de lagunas interdunarias de la ciudad de Veracruz, México","authors":"Pedro C. Reyna-González, Dora Estefanía Paredes-Lizama, Fabiola Lango-Reynoso, M. D. R. Castañeda-Chávez, Jesús Montoya-Mendoza","doi":"10.20937/rica.54444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20937/rica.54444","url":null,"abstract":"El Sistema de Lagunas Interdunarias de la Ciudad de Veracruz (SLICV) forma parte de los ecosistemas naturales conocidos como sitios Ramsar, cuyo objetivo se centra en la conservación de funciones ecológicas. Este sistema, ubicado en la zona conurbada Veracruz-Boca del Río, está constituido por 18 lagunas consideradas “poco frecuentes”, ya que son cuerpos de agua dulce, someros y proveen diferentes servicios ecosistémicos a los habitantes de la zona. La pérdida gradual de dichos servicios ecosistémicos se debe a diversas fuentes de presión antrópica (por ejemplo, el cambio en el uso del suelo, falta de infraestructura de saneamiento, incremento de contaminantes y residuos). La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo la caracterización de los residuos que se vierten en el SLICV y su impacto sobre los diferentes servicios ecosistémicos de cada laguna. Los 18 sitios de muestreo se delimitaron geográficamente con un análisis espacial mediante sistemas de información geográfica (SIG). Se identificaron cuatro tipos de residuos, de los cuales el sólido urbano fue el más predominante. El servicio ecosistémico de regulación fue el más impactado en casi todas las lagunas","PeriodicalId":49608,"journal":{"name":"Revista Internacional De Contaminacion Ambiental","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45348373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amaury Ábrego-García, Héctor Mario Poggi-Varaldo, Vania Shuhua Robles-González, Elvira Ríos-Leal, Teresa Ponce-Noyola, Graciano Calva-Calva, Daniel Alfonso Estrada-Bárcenas, Alfredo Mendoza-Vargas
Uno de los mayores impactos ambientales de la ganadería es la emisión de metano entérico, un potente gas de efecto invernadero. En este contexto, se han evaluado algunos compuestos antimetanogénicos tales como la lovastatina (LOV), un inhibidor de la hidroximetilglutaril-CoA reductasa, enzima clave para la síntesis de membrana en arqueas metanogénicas. Esta podría ser una opción para mitigar las emisiones de metano ruminal. Sin embargo, los experimentos in vitro son escasos y no existe un criterio general sobre la mitigación de metano con LOV en estas condiciones. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el efecto in vitro de la LOV sobre la metanogénesis y características de la fermentación ruminal, así como comparar los resultados con aquellos de la monensina (MON) y el ácido bromoetano sulfónico (BES). Se realizó una prueba in vitro en lote. Se utilizó una ración alta en grano, fluido ruminal de bovinos y tres inhibidores metanogénicos. El diseño experimental fue completamente al azar con tres tratamientos (LOV, MON, BES) y un testigo sin inhibidor. En este trabajo la LOV mostró efectos alentadores sobre la mitigación de la metanogénesis en la fermentación ruminal (43.56 %) sin afectar la producción total y perfil de AGV. Sin embargo, la dosis para obtener este resultado fue mayor en comparación con las de los otros tratamientos. La MON fue la más efectiva con relación a la concentración/inhibición de la metanogénesis, seguida del BES. Ambos tratamientos presentaron cambios en el perfil de AGV.
{"title":"Inhibición in vitro de la metanogénesis ruminal de una dieta alta en grano con lovastatina","authors":"Amaury Ábrego-García, Héctor Mario Poggi-Varaldo, Vania Shuhua Robles-González, Elvira Ríos-Leal, Teresa Ponce-Noyola, Graciano Calva-Calva, Daniel Alfonso Estrada-Bárcenas, Alfredo Mendoza-Vargas","doi":"10.20937/rica.54342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20937/rica.54342","url":null,"abstract":"Uno de los mayores impactos ambientales de la ganadería es la emisión de metano entérico, un potente gas de efecto invernadero. En este contexto, se han evaluado algunos compuestos antimetanogénicos tales como la lovastatina (LOV), un inhibidor de la hidroximetilglutaril-CoA reductasa, enzima clave para la síntesis de membrana en arqueas metanogénicas. Esta podría ser una opción para mitigar las emisiones de metano ruminal. Sin embargo, los experimentos in vitro son escasos y no existe un criterio general sobre la mitigación de metano con LOV en estas condiciones. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el efecto in vitro de la LOV sobre la metanogénesis y características de la fermentación ruminal, así como comparar los resultados con aquellos de la monensina (MON) y el ácido bromoetano sulfónico (BES). Se realizó una prueba in vitro en lote. Se utilizó una ración alta en grano, fluido ruminal de bovinos y tres inhibidores metanogénicos. El diseño experimental fue completamente al azar con tres tratamientos (LOV, MON, BES) y un testigo sin inhibidor. En este trabajo la LOV mostró efectos alentadores sobre la mitigación de la metanogénesis en la fermentación ruminal (43.56 %) sin afectar la producción total y perfil de AGV. Sin embargo, la dosis para obtener este resultado fue mayor en comparación con las de los otros tratamientos. La MON fue la más efectiva con relación a la concentración/inhibición de la metanogénesis, seguida del BES. Ambos tratamientos presentaron cambios en el perfil de AGV.","PeriodicalId":49608,"journal":{"name":"Revista Internacional De Contaminacion Ambiental","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46181011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. C. Mateos, I. Tavera Busso, H. Carreras, Claudia María González
Traffic-related air pollution is one of the most relevant environmental problems in urban areas. Several cryptogams (i.e., lichens and mosses) and vascular species have been employed to monitor urban air pollution since they allow the assessment of air quality in a large number of sampling sites simultaneously at low cost. In large urban cities, vehicle emissions are frequently the major source of air pollution along with residential energy (for cooking and heating), industry, power generation, and waste incineration. Biomonitors in these urban environments are exposed to a mixture of pollutants making it difficult to identify which pollutant causes the greatest damage to organisms. However, studies that analyze the effect of pollutants emitted by vehicle exhaust are scarce and in the particular case of the most used biomonitor species in Argentina, no analysis of how they are affected by vehicle emissions has been carried out so far. So, the aim of this work was to analyze changes in physiochemical parameters (pigment content, pro-oxidant products, and sulfur accumulation) in Ramalina celastri, and heavy metal accumulation in Tillandsia capillaris, exposed to diesel exhausts under laboratory conditions. A strong damage in the photosynthetic apparatus of R. celastri was observed as well as metal concentration in T. capillaris after 20 min of exposure and 48 h of permanence in the exposure chambers. The results indicate that not only the particles and metals cause damage to these two well-known biomonitors, but the interaction of these pollutants with other components of the atmosphere that form different secondary pollutants, together with a longer exposure time, could cause the highest level of damage in them.
{"title":"Assessment of diesel exhaust pollutants effects in Tillandsia capillaris and Ramalina celastri by laboratory trials","authors":"A. C. Mateos, I. Tavera Busso, H. Carreras, Claudia María González","doi":"10.20937/rica.54205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20937/rica.54205","url":null,"abstract":"Traffic-related air pollution is one of the most relevant environmental problems in urban areas. Several cryptogams (i.e., lichens and mosses) and vascular species have been employed to monitor urban air pollution since they allow the assessment of air quality in a large number of sampling sites simultaneously at low cost. In large urban cities, vehicle emissions are frequently the major source of air pollution along with residential energy (for cooking and heating), industry, power generation, and waste incineration. Biomonitors in these urban environments are exposed to a mixture of pollutants making it difficult to identify which pollutant causes the greatest damage to organisms. However, studies that analyze the effect of pollutants emitted by vehicle exhaust are scarce and in the particular case of the most used biomonitor species in Argentina, no analysis of how they are affected by vehicle emissions has been carried out so far. So, the aim of this work was to analyze changes in physiochemical parameters (pigment content, pro-oxidant products, and sulfur accumulation) in Ramalina celastri, and heavy metal accumulation in Tillandsia capillaris, exposed to diesel exhausts under laboratory conditions. A strong damage in the photosynthetic apparatus of R. celastri was observed as well as metal concentration in T. capillaris after 20 min of exposure and 48 h of permanence in the exposure chambers. The results indicate that not only the particles and metals cause damage to these two well-known biomonitors, but the interaction of these pollutants with other components of the atmosphere that form different secondary pollutants, together with a longer exposure time, could cause the highest level of damage in them.","PeriodicalId":49608,"journal":{"name":"Revista Internacional De Contaminacion Ambiental","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49475524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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