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The paleoecology of Pleistocene giant megatheriid sloths: stable isotopes (δ13C, δ18O) of co-occurring Megatherium and Eremotherium from southern Brazil 更新世巨型巨齿树懒的古生态:巴西南部巨齿树和埃雷玛树懒共生的稳定同位素(δ13C,δ18O)
IF 0.7 4区 地球科学 Q4 PALEONTOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-09-26 DOI: 10.4072/rbp.2021.3.06
R. P. Lopes, S. Dillenburg, J. Pereira, A. Sial
The Pampa in subtropical Brazil (State of Rio Grande do Sul) is the only area of South America known so far where fossils of the Pleistocene giant megatheriid sloths Megatherium americanum, characteristic of subtropical-temperate areas, and Eremotherium laurillardi, widespread in the tropical zone, were discovered in the same deposits (Pessegueiro Creek and Chuí Creek), but it is not clear whether this co-occurrence is a product of taphonomic mixture, or co-existence, which would imply niche partitioning. In order to understand their paleoecology and reconstruct the associated paleoenvironments, dentin samples of both megatheriids from the two sites were analyzed for their carbon (δ13C) and oxygen (δ18O) isotope ratios. The δ13C values of Megatherium indicate mixed diet of C3-C4 plants with higher content of the latter in Pessegueiro Creek, whereas the δ13C values of Eremotherium indicate C3-dominated diets, the more negative value in Pessegueiro Creek possibly related to the canopy effect. The δ18O of Eremotherium points to 18O-depleted water sources, possibly also influenced by the diet, whereas Megatherium ingested 18O-enriched water. The results show that co-existence of both megatheriids would have been ecologically possible, and that the Pampa was occupied by open grasslands/woodlands, with closed forests in Pessegueiro Creek. The δ13C of Eremotherium from intertropical Brazil indicate a more generalist habit than Megatherium from subtropical Brazil and Argentina, which probably facilitated its dispersion from the tropics up to subtropical areas along two different routes, one along the coastal plain, and the other along the Paraná River Basin across central South America, following the southward expansion of riparian forests during warmer stages. The reduction of those forests during intervening cold stages possibly led to its disappearance in southern Brazil. Keywords: Quaternary, paleobiogeography, stable isotopes, Pampa, coastal plain, megafauna.
巴西亚热带的潘帕草原(南巴西大州)是迄今为止已知的南美洲唯一一个在同一沉积物(Pessegueiro Creek和Chuí Creek)中发现了亚热带-温带地区特征的更新世巨型懒树Megatherium americanum化石和广泛分布于热带地区的Eremotherium laurillardi化石的地区,但目前尚不清楚这种共存是一种分类混合的产物,还是共存的产物。这就意味着生态位划分。为了了解其古生态,重建其相关的古环境,对两个地点的两个大类牙本质样品进行了碳(δ13C)和氧(δ18O)同位素比值分析。Megatherium的δ13C值表明Pessegueiro Creek中C3-C4植物的混合饲料含量较高,而Eremotherium的δ13C值表明c3植物为主,在Pessegueiro Creek中较负的值可能与冠层效应有关。Eremotherium的δ18O指向缺乏18o的水源,可能也受到饮食的影响,而Megatherium则摄取富集18o的水。结果表明,这两种大猿在生态上是可能共存的,而且Pampa被开阔的草原/林地所占据,而Pessegueiro Creek则是封闭的森林。来自热带巴西的Eremotherium的δ13C值比来自亚热带巴西和阿根廷的Megatherium的δ13C值更普遍,这可能促使其沿着两条不同的路线从热带向亚热带地区扩散,一条沿着沿海平原,另一条沿着穿越南美洲中部的帕拉那河流域,在温暖时期沿河岸森林向南扩张。在其间的寒冷阶段,这些森林的减少可能导致了它在巴西南部的消失。关键词:第四纪,古生物地理学,稳定同位素,潘帕草原,沿海平原,巨型动物
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引用次数: 5
Fossil Holocene Ostracoda from the Itapeva Lake, Southern Brazilian coastal plain 巴西南部沿海平原Itapeva湖全新世介形类化石
IF 0.7 4区 地球科学 Q4 PALEONTOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-08-28 DOI: 10.4072/rbp.2021.2.01
Leonardo Timm Steiner Campos, Lucas DE Oliveira Nunes, C. T. Bergue
Holocene ostracods from a core obtained in the Itapeva Lake, Rio Grande do Sul coastal plain, are studied in this paper. Twenty-six species belonging to 22 genera and 13 families were registered in nine samples analyzed, two of them new: Cytherella eros sp. nov. and Loxoconcha itapevensis sp. nov. The taxonomic composition of the assemblages varies along the core, being Cyprideis multidentataHartmann the most abundant and frequent species (273 specimens), followed by Cytheretta punctata Sanguinetti (56 specimens) and L.itapevensis sp. nov. (51 specimens). Variation in richness and diversity observed along the core probably results from sedimentary and hydrological changes during the evolution of the Itapeva Lake. The results obtained in this work reinforce the importance of ostracods in the study of coastal paleoenvironments. Keywords: barrier-lagoon system, biostratinomy, micropaleontology, Quaternary.
本文对南里奥格兰德州海岸平原伊塔佩瓦湖岩心中的全新世介形虫进行了研究。在分析的9个样本中,登记了隶属于13科22属26种,其中两个是新的:Cytherella eros sp.nov.和Loxoconcha itapevensis sp.nov..组合的分类组成沿核心变化,其中Cyprideis multidentata Hartmann是最丰富和最常见的物种(273个样本),其次是Cytheretta punctata Sanguinetti(56个标本)和L.itapevensis sp.nov.(51个标本)。沿岩心观察到的丰富性和多样性的变化可能是伊塔佩瓦湖演化过程中沉积和水文变化的结果。这项工作的结果加强了介形虫在沿海古环境研究中的重要性。关键词:堰塞湖系统;生物地层学;微体古生物学;第四纪。
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引用次数: 0
A incomum associação de peixes e caranguejos da Formação Romualdo, Aptiano-Albiano da Bacia sedimentar do Araripe, NE do Brasil 巴西东北部Araripe沉积盆地aptian - albian Romualdo组鱼类和螃蟹的不寻常组合
IF 0.7 4区 地球科学 Q4 PALEONTOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-08-28 DOI: 10.4072/rbp.2021.2.06
Ludmila Alves Cadeira do Prado, Gabriel Levi Barbosa Lopes, Priscilla Albuquerque Pereira, Rilda Verônica Cardoso de Araripe, David Holanda de Oliveira, Flavia Azevedo Pedrosa Lemos, L. S. D. Nascimento, Maria Emília Travassos Rios Tomé, A. F. Barreto
The unusual association of fish and crabs from Romualdo Formation, Aptian–Albian of the Araripe sedimentary Basin, NE Brazil. In a study and collection of fossils from the Romualdo Formation in “Araripe pernambucano”, an association of Vinctifer comptoni and Rhacolepis buccalis with eubrachyurans and orithopsids crabs was observed in four calcareous nodules. Associations were discussed based on ecological and taphonomic hypotheses. It is noted from the degree of articulation of the organisms, that either the death or the availability of crab moults in the sediment possibly occurred before the death of the fish. In addition, the fish do not have teething consistent with feeding on crabs. Thus, this association would occur due to fossilization processes and not due to ecological interactions. The study also emphasized systematic and paleogeographic aspects of the groups. Romualdocarcinus salesi is probably related to the “higher” true crabs (Eubrachyura), a hypothesis already raised in previous works, due to the preservation of its dorsal carapace next to a pleon of subquadrangular shape similar to those seen in this group. The occurrence of Exucarcinus gonzagai associated with fish, in concretions in the shales, can raise the question of E. gonzagai and Araripecarcinus ferreirai species as synonyms. The data obtained with the survey of the paleogeographic distribution of fish and crabs in geological formations of correlated age corroborates the hypothesis of the Tethyan marine influence in Araripe. Keywords: ichthyolites, decapods, paleoecology, taphonomy, Santana Group, Cretaceous.
巴西东北部Ara熟沉积盆地Aptian–Albian Romualdo组鱼类和螃蟹的异常组合。在一项对“Ara熟pernambucano”Romualdo组化石的研究和收集中,在四个钙质结核中观察到了一种由Vinctifer comptoni和Rhacolepis buccalis与真短吻蟹和orithopsids螃蟹组成的组合。根据生态学和地震学的假设讨论了各种关联。从生物体的铰接程度可以看出,沉积物中螃蟹蜕皮的死亡或可用性可能发生在鱼类死亡之前。此外,这种鱼的出牙与以螃蟹为食并不一致。因此,这种联系的发生是由于石化过程,而不是由于生态相互作用。该研究还强调了该群的系统和古地理方面。Romualdocarcinus salesi可能与“更高”的真蟹(Eubrachyura)有关,这一假设在以前的研究中已经提出,因为它的背甲保存在与该群中类似的近四边形的pleon旁边。在页岩中的结核中,与鱼类相关的冈萨雷斯仙人掌的出现,可能会引发冈萨雷斯云杉和费雷赖Araripcarccinus ferreirai物种作为同义词的问题。通过调查相关年龄地质构造中鱼类和螃蟹的古地理分布所获得的数据证实了特提斯海洋对阿拉普里特的影响的假设。关键词:鱼类化石,十足类,古生态学,埋藏学,桑塔纳群,白垩纪。
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引用次数: 0
Preliminary foraminiferal survey in Chichiriviche de La Costa, Vargas, Venezuela 委内瑞拉巴尔加斯Chichiriviche de La Costa的有孔虫初步调查
IF 0.7 4区 地球科学 Q4 PALEONTOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-08-28 DOI: 10.4072/rbp.2021.2.02
H. Carvajal-Chitty, S. Navarro
A preliminary study of the composition and community structure of the foraminifera of Chichiriviche de La Costa (Vargas, Venezuela) is presented. A total of 105 species were found in samples from 10 to 40 meter-depth, and their abundance quantified in a carbonate prone area almost pristine in environmental conditions. The general composition varies in all the samples: at 10 m, Miliolida dominates the assemblages but, as it gets deeper, Rotaliida takes control of the general composition. The Shannon Wiener diversity index follows species richness along the depth profile, meanwhile the FORAM index has a higher value at 20 m and its lowest at 40 m. Variations in the P/(P+B) ratio and high number of rare species are documented and a correspondence multivariate analysis was performed in order to visualize the general community structure. These results could set some basic information that will be useful for management programs associated with the coral reef in Chichiriviche de La Costa, which is the principal focus for diver’s schools and tourism and could help the local communities to a better understanding of their ecosystem values at this location at Vargas State, Venezuela. Keywords: Miliolida, Rotaliida, foraminiferal assemblages, FORAM index, Caribbean continental shelf.
对Chichiriviche de La Costa(委内瑞拉巴尔加斯)有孔虫的组成和群落结构进行了初步研究。在10至40米深的样本中共发现了105种物种,它们的丰度在环境条件几乎原始的碳酸盐岩易发区进行了量化。所有样本的总体组成各不相同:在10米处,Milolida在组合中占主导地位,但随着深度的加深,Rotaliida控制了总体组成。Shannon Wiener多样性指数沿着深度剖面遵循物种丰富度,同时FORAM指数在20米处具有较高的值,在40米处具有最低值。记录了P/(P+B)比率的变化和大量稀有物种,并进行了对应的多元分析,以可视化总体群落结构。这些结果可以提供一些基本信息,这些信息将有助于Chichiriviche de La Costa珊瑚礁的管理计划,该珊瑚礁是潜水员学校和旅游业的主要关注点,并有助于当地社区更好地了解其在委内瑞拉巴尔加斯州的生态系统价值。关键词:Milolida,Rotaliida,有孔虫组合,FORAM指数,加勒比大陆架。
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引用次数: 0
Evolution of the Semideciduous-Riparian Forest (ecotone Cerrado-Atlantic Forest) during the late Holocene, Southeast of Brazil 巴西东南部全新世晚期半落叶河岸林(过渡带塞拉多-大西洋林)的演变
IF 0.7 4区 地球科学 Q4 PALEONTOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-08-28 DOI: 10.4072/rbp.2021.2.04
Melina Mara Souza, F. Ricardi-Branco
The floodplains of meandering rivers in southeastern Brazil represent places where the sedimentary record associated with the history of transition/ecotone areas and exchange of biomes accumulates, such as the Cerrado (Cerradão Forest) and Atlantic Forest (Semideciduous-Riparian Forest). The present study aims to use palynological, isotopic (δ13C, δ15N and 14C), and anthracological indicators in cores taken from three abandoned meander bends to make inferences about environmental evolution, vegetation reconstruction, and climatic inferences. The study area is located in the Mogi Guaçu River Basin, in the countryside of São Paulo State. The studies show that ~2,730 BP (stage I), the area underwent through a more humid climatic phase compared to the current one, which allowed the expansion of the Riparian Semideciduous Forest. After that date, in stage II (1,800 to 510 BP), the percentage of the Cerrado (Cerradão Forest) increased, due to a drier period. From 510 BP to the present day (stage III), humidity has taken place with a new expansion of the Riparian Semideciduous Forest, although elements of Cerrado are present. Microscopic charcoal fragments were found in all stages and may infer the incidence of paleo-wildfires during the Late Holocene. The results indicate that both phytophysiognomies remained for the studied period, varying their expansion depending on the humidity present in each stage. Although lakes formed by abandoned meanders are not areas with the best palynological record, they are frequent environments in the interior of the continents. If properly interpreted, they may provide relevant information to vegetation and climatic changes for the areas. Keywords: paleoenvironmental studies, Holocene, river dynamics, pollen grains, isotopic analysis, charcoal fragments.
巴西东南部蜿蜒河流的泛滥平原代表了与过渡/交错带历史和生物群落交换相关的沉积记录积累的地方,如塞拉多(塞拉多森林)和大西洋森林(半落叶河岸森林)。本研究旨在利用三个废弃曲流弯道岩芯中的孢粉学、同位素(δ13C、δ15N和14C)和炭疽学指标,对环境演变、植被重建和气候推断进行推断。研究区域位于圣保罗州农村的Mogi Guaçu河流域。研究表明,与目前相比,该地区经历了一个更潮湿的气候阶段,约2730 BP(第一阶段),这使得河岸半落叶林得以扩张。此后,在第二阶段(1800至510 BP),由于干旱期,塞拉多森林的百分比有所增加。从510 BP到今天(第三阶段),尽管存在塞拉多元素,但随着河岸半落叶林的新扩张,湿度也发生了变化。在所有阶段都发现了微观木炭碎片,这可能推断出全新世晚期古野火的发生率。结果表明,这两种植物相学在研究期间都保持不变,其扩展程度取决于每个阶段的湿度。虽然由废弃的曲流形成的湖泊不是有最好的孢粉记录的地区,但它们是大陆内部的常见环境。如果解释得当,它们可以为该地区的植被和气候变化提供相关信息。关键词:古环境研究,全新世,河流动力学,花粉粒,同位素分析,木炭碎片。
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引用次数: 0
First occurrence of the giant shark Carcharocles megalodon (Agassiz, 1843) (Lamniformes; Otodontidae) at Buenos Aires Province, Argentina 阿根廷布宜诺斯艾利斯省首次发现巨齿鲨(Agassiz,1843)(Lamuniformes;Otodontidae)
IF 0.7 4区 地球科学 Q4 PALEONTOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-08-28 DOI: 10.4072/rbp.2021.2.05
Julieta De Pasqua, F. Agnolín, A. M. A. Rolando, S. Bogan, Diego Gambetta
Carcharocles megalodon is considered a macropredatory shark that inhabited the seas around the world from middle Miocene to late Pliocene. In Argentina, it has only been formally recorded at two localities. Here, we report the first record for this taxon in the Buenos Aires Province. This occurrence is based on an isolated tooth recovered on the beach at the Punta Médanos locality, which lacks clear stratigraphic context. Based on the regional geology, the specimen probably came from Pliocene beds. Its size indicates that it probably belongs to a juvenile individual. Keywords: Carcharocles megalodon, macropredatory shark, fossil teeth, Mar de Ajó.
巨齿鲨被认为是一种大型鲨鱼,从中新世中期到上新世晚期居住在世界各地的海洋中。在阿根廷,只有两个地方有正式记录。在这里,我们报道了布宜诺斯艾利斯省该分类单元的第一个记录。这种情况是基于在Punta Médanos地区海滩上发现的一颗孤立的牙齿,该地区缺乏明确的地层背景。根据区域地质,该标本可能来自上新世地层。它的大小表明它可能属于一个幼年个体。关键词:巨齿鲨,大鲨鱼,牙齿化石,Mar de Ajó。
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引用次数: 0
Pleistocene plants from Zarzal Formation, middle valley of the Cauca River Basin, Colombia 哥伦比亚考卡河流域中部山谷扎扎尔组的更新世植物
IF 0.7 4区 地球科学 Q4 PALEONTOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-08-28 DOI: 10.4072/rbp.2021.2.03
Maria Alejandra Rojas-Granada, Arnol Cardozo-Rueda, Carlos Alberto Agudelo Henao, J. Guzmán, Paula Andrea Sucerquia Rendon
We report macro and meso palaeobotanical records from the Zarzal Formation, in the Cauca River Depression, and the Quindío-Risaralda Basin between the Western and the Central Cordilleras of Colombia. The fossils correspond to leaves and seeds obtained from layers of mudstones, diatomites, and tuffaceous sandstones deposited in the inter-Andean valleys of Cauca and La Vieja rivers, separated by the Serranía Santa Bárbara ridge between the Valle del Cauca and Quindío departments. The sediments of the Pleistocene Zarzal Formation were deposited in a fluvial-lacustrine environment, with volcanic influence originated in the Central Cordillera to the east of the depositional area. The study here presented allowed the identification of thirteen morphotypes of leaf impressions grouped in six Angiosperm families: Poaceae?/Cyperaceae? and Araceae of the Monocots group, Melastomataceae, Fabaceae and Lauraceae belonging to the Eudicots group and one family of Lycopsida: Thelypteridaceae. On the other hand, very well-preserved silicified micro-seeds were grouped in eight morphotypes, belonging to the botanical groups Cyperaceae and Asteraceae. The fossils found allowed us to identify two types of plant associations that exhibit paleofloristic richness. In the Cauca River Basin, an autochthonous to parautocthonous plant association could correspond to a sub-Andean gallery forest, whilst in the La Vieja River Basin a parautocthonous plant association indicates a swamped floodplain. Keywords: paleoflora, leaves, seeds, Cauca River, La Vieja River, lacustrine deposit.
我们报告了哥伦比亚科迪勒拉山脉西部和中部之间的Cauca河凹陷Zarzal组和Quindío-Risaralda盆地的宏观和中尺度古植物记录。这些化石对应于从沉积在Cauca河和La Vieja河安第斯山脉间山谷的泥岩、硅藻和凝灰质砂岩层中获得的叶子和种子,Cauca山谷和Quindío省之间的Serranía Santa Bárbara山脊将其隔开。更新世Zarzal组的沉积物沉积在河流-湖泊环境中,火山作用起源于沉积区东部的中科迪勒拉。这项研究鉴定了13种叶印痕的形态类型,分为6个被子植物科:禾本科/莎草科?和单子叶植物群的天南星科,属于真双子叶植物群和Lycopida的一个科的Melaomataceae,Fabaceae和Lauraceae:Thelypteridaceae。另一方面,保存完好的硅化微种子分为八种形态类型,属于莎草科和菊科。发现的化石使我们能够识别出两种表现出古植物区系丰富性的植物组合。在考卡河流域,本地到准水生植物群落可能对应于亚安第斯走廊森林,而在拉维耶哈河流域,准水生植物群表明泛滥平原被淹没。关键词:古植物群,叶,种子,考卡河,拉维耶哈河,湖泊沉积物。
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引用次数: 0
Biostratigraphy of the Upper Devonian Khoshyeilagh Formation in NE Iran based on conodonts and other faunas 基于牙形刺和其他动物群的伊朗东北部上泥盆统Khoshyeilagh组生物地层学
IF 0.7 4区 地球科学 Q4 PALEONTOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-01-30 DOI: 10.4072/RBP.2021.1.02
Fatemeh Jafarbeigloo, M. Majidifard, B. Hamdi, A. Asghari, M. Arian
The Khoshyeilagh Formation located in the northeast of Iran yielded seven conodont species and sub-species and 19 macro- and microfossil taxa that allow recognition of two conodont biozones and one biozone based on calcareous microfossils. The latest Frasnian age (the Upper rhenana to linguiformis zones) is attributed to the topmost strata with Icriodus alternatus. Its replacement with I. cornutus indicates the Famennian (Lower triangularis to Lower crepida zones) corresponding to the Umbellina Zone. The fossil assemblages identified in the Khoshyeilagh Formation represent a shallow marine environment with a tropical climate at the time of deposition. The fossil species from the Khoshyeilagh Formation and the sedimentary basins in Algeria, Libya, Morocco, Poland, and Russia reveal a close connection between the Iranian plateau and the northern parts of Gondwana in the Late Devonian. The biofacies and lithofacies analyses show a sea level decline at the end of Frasnian, followed by a considerable sea level drop, as in other regions of the world. After a short time, in the Famennian, the deepening occurred in some parts of the area and the open marine facies (bioclast spicule wackestone-packstone) were deposited. This study is the first attempt to determine Frasnian-Famennian boundary based on conodont assemblages and other fossil species such as umbellulids, tentaculites, and ostracods. The distribution of these species is interpreted in sedimentological, stratigraphic, sequence stratigraphy, and the global eustatic context.Keywords: biofacies, conodont, Frasnian-Famennian boundary, Late Devonian, NE Iran.RESUMO – A Formacao Khoshyeilagh, localizada no nordeste do Ira, produziu sete especies de conodontes e subespecies e 19 taxons de macro- e microfosseis, o que permite o reconhecimento de duas biozonas de conodontes e uma biozona baseada nos microfosseis calcareos. A idade Frasniana mais superior (as zonas superiores rhenana a linguiformis) e atribuida ao estrato mais superior com Icriodus alternatus. A sua substituicao por I. cornutus indica o Famenniano (zonas iniciais triangularis superior a crepida superior), correspondendo a Zona de Umbellina. Os fosseis identificados na Formacao Khoshyeilagh representam um ambiente marinho raso, com um clima tropical, no momento de deposicao. As especies fosseis da Formacao Khoshyeilagh e as bacias sedimentares na Argelia, Libia, Marrocos, Polonia e Russia revelam uma conexao intima entre o plato iraniano e as partes norte do Gondwana no Neodevoniano. As biofacies e litofacies analisadas mostram um declinio do nivel do mar no final do Frasniano, seguido por uma consideravel queda do nivel do mar, como em outras regioes do mundo. Apos um curto tempo, no Famenniano, o aprofundamento ocorreu em algumas partes da area, e a facies marinha aberta (bioclast spicule wackestone-packstone) foi depositada. Este estudo e a primeira tentativa de determinar o limite Frasniano-Famenniano com base em associacoes de conod
位于伊朗东北部的Khoshyeilagh组发现了7个牙形石种和亚种以及19个宏观和微观化石分类群,可以识别出两个牙形石生物带和一个基于钙质微化石的生物带。最晚的frasian时代(上rhenana至linguiformis带)归因于最上层有Icriodus alternatus。它被I. cornutus取代,表明了与伞形带对应的famenian (Lower triangularis到Lower crepida区)。在Khoshyeilagh组中发现的化石组合代表了沉积时的热带气候的浅海环境。来自阿尔及利亚、利比亚、摩洛哥、波兰和俄罗斯的沉积盆地和Khoshyeilagh组的化石物种揭示了晚泥盆世伊朗高原与冈瓦纳北部地区之间的密切联系。生物相和岩相分析表明,在弗拉斯尼亚末期海平面下降,随后海平面大幅度下降,与世界其他地区一样。不久之后,在法门期,该区部分地区开始加深,形成了开阔的海相(生物碎屑针状砾岩-包覆岩)。本研究首次尝试根据牙形石组合和其他化石物种(如伞形动物、触手动物和介形虫)来确定弗拉斯纪-法门纪的边界。这些物种的分布在沉积学、地层学、层序地层学和全球海平面上升背景下得到了解释。关键词:生物相,牙形石,弗拉斯-法门世界线,晚泥盆世,伊朗东北部云南喀斯特地区,产大、微化石19个分类的牙形齿动物种和亚种,并对大、微化石的生物区带和微化石的生物区带进行了鉴定。A idade Frasniana mais superior (as zonas superires renana A linguiformis)。一种可替代的水杉(A sua substituicao popoi . cornutus indica o Famenniano),对应于伞形带(zone de umellina)。Formacao Khoshyeilagh的化石鉴定代表了一种热带气候的环境,没有沉积的瞬间。在阿根廷、利比亚、摩洛哥、波兰和俄罗斯的沉积物中发现了一种化石,而在冈瓦纳和新devoniano地区的沉积物中发现了一种化石。由于生物相和岩石相的分析结果表明,最大衰退期是不确定的,因此,在地球上的其他地区也可能是不确定的。该地区沉积了一种生物碎屑针状砾岩-包覆岩相沉积,具有明显的生物碎屑针状砾岩-包覆岩相。本研究是一项初步的、初步的、确定有限的frasnianano - famenniano生物基础的研究,研究了形齿动物、化石、伞形动物、触手动物和介形虫。在沉积、地层、层序和全球海水沉积等方面,研究了其分布特征和解释。palavras - chae:生物相,牙形岩,有限的Frasniano-Famenniano, Neodevoniano, NE Ira。
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引用次数: 0
Paleontologia e ensino básico: análise dos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais e dos livros didáticos em Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil 古生物学与基础教育:巴西MG Juiz de Fora国家课程参数和教材分析
IF 0.7 4区 地球科学 Q4 PALEONTOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-01-30 DOI: 10.4072/RBP.2021.1.05
Camila Neves Silva, Micaela Aparecida Faria Mendes, M. M. Carvalho, Gustavo Martins Stroppa
Paleontology and basic education: analysis of Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais and textbooks in Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil. Paleontology has a crucial role in teaching Science and Biology for helping to understand different natural processes, although there is limited space in its school approach. It is necessary to understand how its content has been worked by the teachers, both quantitatively and qualitatively. In order to understand how their themes are addressed by basic education textbooks, in private and public schools in Juiz de Fora, after analyzing the Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais (National Curriculum Parameters, translated by the authors) - PCNs and their guidelines, from the sixth to the ninth year of elementary school and of the entire high school, a table of presence or absence was set up, with the main themes in Paleontology indicated, analyzing which were present in each book. For qualitative analysis, 11 questions were listed. The analysis included 22 themes in 18 elementary school and 15 high school books. High school books had the largest number of topics covered, with 123 presences, and elementary school, 69. The most present themes were: “Origin of Life”, “Theory of Evolution” and “Fossil Concept”; the least addressed: “Types of Fossils”, “Fossils as Non-Renewable Natural Resources” and “Great Extinctions”. Most books deal with subjects with no connection with other areas, without contextualization, with rare interdisciplinarity and relationship with environmental issues, necessary to confront science denialism and the recent risks of educational retrogression. The results reveal the importance of broadening the discussion on how to address Paleontology in basic education, assessing school incentives, teachers’ motivation, the perception of the importance of teaching this science, and the use of other tools besides the textbook.Keywords: science teaching, Base Nacional Comum Curricular, school, environmental education, fossils.RESUMO – Por auxiliar na compreensao de diversos processos naturais, a Paleontologia tem crucial papel no ensino de Ciencias e Biologia, embora haja espaco limitado em sua abordagem escolar. E preciso compreender como seu conteudo tem sido trabalhado pelos/as docentes, quantitativamente e qualitativamente. Para entender como seus temas sao abordados pelos livros didaticos do ensino basico em escolas particulares e publicas de Juiz de Fora, apos analise das diretrizes dos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais - PCN, do sexto ao nono ano do Ensino Fundamental e de todo o Ensino Medio, foi montada uma tabela de presenca ou ausencia, com os principais temas em Paleontologia indicados, analisando-se quais constavam em cada livro. Para analise qualitativa, foram elencadas 11 questoes. A analise abrangeu 22 temas em 18 livros do Ensino Fundamental e 15 do Ensino Medio. Os livros do Ensino Medio tiveram maior numero de temas abordados, com 123 presencas, e o Ensino Fundamental, 69. Os temas mais presentes fora
古生物学和基础教育:对巴西MG省Juiz de Fora的国家课程和教科书的分析。古生物学在科学和生物学教学中发挥着至关重要的作用,有助于理解不同的自然过程,尽管其学校方法的空间有限。有必要了解教师是如何从数量和质量上对其内容进行操作的。为了了解Juiz de Fora私立和公立学校的基础教育教科书是如何处理这些主题的,在分析了小学六至九年级和整个高中的国家课程参数及其指导方针后,建立了一个存在或不存在的表格,指出了古生物学的主要主题,并分析了每本书中存在的主题。为了进行定性分析,列出了11个问题。该分析包括18本小学和15本高中书籍中的22个主题。高中书籍涉及的主题最多,有123种,小学书籍有69种。最具代表性的主题是:“生命起源”、“进化论”和“化石概念”;涉及最少的:“化石的类型”、“化石作为不可再生的自然资源”和“大灭绝”。大多数书籍所涉及的主题与其他领域没有联系,没有背景,具有罕见的跨学科性和与环境问题的关系,这是应对科学否定和最近教育倒退风险所必需的。研究结果揭示了传播关于如何在基础教育中解决古生物学问题的讨论的重要性,评估学校激励措施、教师的动机、对教授这门科学的重要性的认识,以及使用教科书之外的其他工具。关键词:科学教学,国家通用课程基地,学校,环境教育,化石。摘要——古生物学通过帮助理解几个自然过程,在科学和生物学的教学中发挥着至关重要的作用,尽管其学校方法的空间有限。有必要了解教师是如何从数量和质量上对其内容进行操作的。为了了解Juiz de Fora私立和公立学校基础教育教材是如何处理这些主题的,在分析了国家课程参数(PCN)的指导方针后,从小学六年级到九年级以及所有高中,编制了一份出勤或缺席表,其中指出了古生物学的主要主题,分析每本书中的内容。为了进行定性分析,列出了11个问题。该分析涵盖了小学18本书和高中15本书中的22个主题。高中的书籍涉及的主题最多,有123人参加,小学为69人。最具代表性的主题是:“生命起源”、“进化论”和“化石概念”;涉及最少的是“化石类型”、“作为不可再生自然资源的化石”和“大规模灭绝”。大多数书籍处理的问题与其他领域没有联系,没有背景,具有罕见的跨学科性和与环境问题的关系,是面对科学否定主义和最近教育倒退风险所必需的。研究结果揭示了扩大关于如何在基础教育中使用古生物学的讨论的重要性,评估学校的激励措施、教师的动机、对这门科学教学主题重要性的认识,以及使用教学书籍之外的工具。关键词:科学教学,国家通用课程基地,学校,环境教育,化石。
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引用次数: 5
Quaternary proboscidean (Mammalia) remains of the UIS Geological Museum, Colombia 哥伦比亚美国地质博物馆第四纪长鼻目(哺乳类)遗迹
IF 0.7 4区 地球科学 Q4 PALEONTOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-01-30 DOI: 10.4072/RBP.2021.1.06
J. Y. Suárez-Ibarra, G. Cardoso, Lidiane Asevedo, L. D. M. França, M. Dantas, L. E. Cruz-Guevara, Andrés Felipe Rojas-Mantilla, A. M. Ribeiro
Proboscideans arrived in South America from North America during the Great American Biotic Interchange, becoming one of the most representative animals of the megafauna thatinhabited this continent throughout the Quaternary. In Colombia, the abundance of their remains contrasts with scarce scientific descriptions and publications. This paper identifies dental and postcranial proboscidean fossils from the Center and Northeast of Colombia. The fossil remains were identified as molars (six), a tusk, cervical vertebrae, and a distal part of the right humerus. The tusk was assigned to Notiomastodon platensis, while the other remains were assigned to Gomphotheriidae, with at least six individuals: two immatures, two subadults, and two older adults–mature and senile.Keywords: South America, megamammals, taxonomy, Gomphotheriidae, Notiomastodon platensis.
在美洲生物大交换期间,长鼻动物从北美来到南美洲,成为第四纪整个大陆上最具代表性的巨型动物之一。在哥伦比亚,他们丰富的遗骸与稀少的科学描述和出版物形成鲜明对比。本文鉴定了来自哥伦比亚中部和东北部的牙齿和颅后鼻类化石。化石残骸被鉴定为臼齿(六颗)、一根象牙、颈椎和右肱骨的远端部分。象牙归属于platensis Notiomastodon,而其他遗骸归属于Gomphotheriidae,至少有6个个体:两个未成熟,两个亚成年,两个成熟和衰老的老年人。关键词:南美,巨型兽类,分类学,gomphothiidae, Notiomastodon platensis
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引用次数: 3
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Revista Brasileira De Paleontologia
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