Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.bjpt.2025.101311
Rafael Rodrigues Dall´Olmo, Murilo Santos de Carvalho, Alissa Rosa De Castro, Ana Luísa Ávila Pinheiro, Carolina Duarte, Mauro Antônio Félix, Luis Fernando Ferreira, Luis Henrique Telles da Rosa
Background
Aging is associated with a decline in functional capacity, which impacts the performance of activities of daily living (ADLs) that depend on factors such as strength, speed, endurance, coordination, flexibility, and balance. The decline in these factors increases frailty, leading to greater functional dependence in older adults. Institutionalized older adults, compared to community-dwelling older adults, are more vulnerable to frailty syndrome due to reduced participation in daily activities, sedentary behavior, and social isolation.
Objectives
To evaluate the effectiveness of the Vivifrail program in combating frailty syndrome in institutionalized older adults by analyzing the program's effects on improving balance and muscle function in this population.
Methods
The study is a randomized clinical trial conducted over a three-month period with two weekly sessions in long-term care facilities (LTCF). A total of 30 female volunteers over the age of 60 participated, forming two groups: the Vivifrail Group (VG), which underwent multicomponent training, and the Control Group (CG), which received usual care. The training followed the Vivifrail model, adjusted according to the participants' initial functional capacity, categorizing them as "frail," "pre-frail," or "independent." Participants were assessed before starting the intervention and four weeks after its completion.
Results
Thirty older women were included in the study, with a mean age of 86 years. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups at the pre-intervention stage. However, post-intervention analysis revealed statistically significant differences in frailty levels, with lower frailty scores in the intervention group. Notably, the intervention group showed an improvement of nearly two points in the SPPB assessment, an increase of approximately 5 kg/f in handgrip strength, and a reduction of nearly 5 seconds in the time required to complete the five-times sit-to-stand test.
Conclusion
In this sample, the Vivifrail program proved effective as a strategy for combating and preventing frailty syndrome, according to Fried's Frailty Phenotype.
Implications
The results suggest that the Vivifrail program can be implemented to reduce frailty and the risk of falls. Furthermore, its adoption in LTCFs may promote greater independence and quality of life for this population.
{"title":"THE VIVIFRAIL PROGRAM AS A TOOL TO COMBAT FRAILTY SYNDROME: A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL WITH INSTITUTIONALIZED ELDERLY PEOPLE","authors":"Rafael Rodrigues Dall´Olmo, Murilo Santos de Carvalho, Alissa Rosa De Castro, Ana Luísa Ávila Pinheiro, Carolina Duarte, Mauro Antônio Félix, Luis Fernando Ferreira, Luis Henrique Telles da Rosa","doi":"10.1016/j.bjpt.2025.101311","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bjpt.2025.101311","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Aging is associated with a decline in functional capacity, which impacts the performance of activities of daily living (ADLs) that depend on factors such as strength, speed, endurance, coordination, flexibility, and balance. The decline in these factors increases frailty, leading to greater functional dependence in older adults. Institutionalized older adults, compared to community-dwelling older adults, are more vulnerable to frailty syndrome due to reduced participation in daily activities, sedentary behavior, and social isolation.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To evaluate the effectiveness of the Vivifrail program in combating frailty syndrome in institutionalized older adults by analyzing the program's effects on improving balance and muscle function in this population.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study is a randomized clinical trial conducted over a three-month period with two weekly sessions in long-term care facilities (LTCF). A total of 30 female volunteers over the age of 60 participated, forming two groups: the Vivifrail Group (VG), which underwent multicomponent training, and the Control Group (CG), which received usual care. The training followed the Vivifrail model, adjusted according to the participants' initial functional capacity, categorizing them as \"frail,\" \"pre-frail,\" or \"independent.\" Participants were assessed before starting the intervention and four weeks after its completion.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Thirty older women were included in the study, with a mean age of 86 years. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups at the pre-intervention stage. However, post-intervention analysis revealed statistically significant differences in frailty levels, with lower frailty scores in the intervention group. Notably, the intervention group showed an improvement of nearly two points in the SPPB assessment, an increase of approximately 5 kg/f in handgrip strength, and a reduction of nearly 5 seconds in the time required to complete the five-times sit-to-stand test.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In this sample, the Vivifrail program proved effective as a strategy for combating and preventing frailty syndrome, according to Fried's Frailty Phenotype.</div></div><div><h3>Implications</h3><div>The results suggest that the Vivifrail program can be implemented to reduce frailty and the risk of falls. Furthermore, its adoption in LTCFs may promote greater independence and quality of life for this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49621,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101311"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145398184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.bjpt.2025.101267
Marina Rodrigues, Brenda Vilas Boas Gomes, Ednaldo D'Angelis, Vanessa Pereira de Lima, Raquel Annoni, Fernanda Lanza
<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Activities involving the upper limbs are part of daily life in home, work, or leisure environments. However, children and adolescents with chronic lung disease, in certain situations, may experience limitations in the use of their upper limbs (UL), such as reduced strength and endurance of the UL. UL. Much is known about the Unsupported Upper Limb Exercise Test (UULEX) and Six-Minute Peg Board Ring Test (6MBRT) in adult individuals, but there is no description in the literature regarding the use of UULEX and 6MBRT in the pediatric population.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To evaluate the feasibility and reproducibility of two field clinical tests for upper limbs (Unsupported Upper Limb Exercise Test - UULEX and Six-Minute Pegboard Ring Test - 6PBRT) in children and adolescents.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Feasibility study. Fifteen healthy volunteers aged 6 to 17 years were included. Spirometry was performed, followed by randomization of three tests: Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test (CPET) or UULEX or 6PBRT. The CPET was performed on an upper limb ergometer with a load increment protocol every minute. For UULEX, the volunteer sits in front of a panel and raises their arms while holding bars of different weights (0.25 kg to 2.0 kg) at different heights; outcome: execution time. For 6PBRT, the volunteer sits in front of a panel with four pins (two upper and two lower) and moves rings from the lower pins to the upper ones (and vice versa) for six consecutive minutes; outcome: number of rings moved. For all tests, maximum oxygen consumption (VO<sub>2</sub>peak) and peak ventilation per minute (VEpeak) were also evaluated as outcomes. The UULEX and 6PBRT were performed twice each (test and retest), with a 30-minute interval between each. For feasibility, less than 15% of volunteers could reach the ceiling effect and/or floor effect.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Volunteers were 11 years (9-15 years), and normal pulmonary function (FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC > 80% predicted). The UULEX time in the test and retest was 9.5 min [8.0 - 12.0 min] vs. 9.4 min [8.2 - 12.0 min], respectively; and the number of rings in the 6PBRT was 299 [258 - 373] vs. 340 [244 - 387], respectively, p > 0.05. The CPET showed higher VO<sub>2</sub>peak 22.8 (19.4 – 26) mL/kg compared to UULEX at 11.8 (10.2 - 13.6) mL/kg and to 6PBRT 11.6 (9 – 12) mL/kg, p = 0.001. The VEpeak was higher at CPET 31.5 (22.9 - 33.9) L/min compared to UULEX 19.7 (15.6 - 23.1) L/min) and to 6PBRT 14.4 (12.2 - 19.3) L/min), p = 0.001 The ICC for the test and retest of UULEX was 0.93 (0.78 - 0.97) p < 0.001, and for 6PBRT was 0.97 (0.91 - 0.99) p < 0.001. Two volunteers (13%) achieving celling effect at UULEX, and no floor effect for any field test.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The UULEX and 6PBRT are feasible and reproducible field tests for upper limbs in children and adolescents, have lower metabolic demand compared to CPET. It provi
{"title":"FEASIBILITY AND REPRODUCIBILITY OF THE UNSUPPORTED UPPER LIMB EXERCISE TEST AND SIX-MINUTE PEG BOARD RING TEST FOR CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS","authors":"Marina Rodrigues, Brenda Vilas Boas Gomes, Ednaldo D'Angelis, Vanessa Pereira de Lima, Raquel Annoni, Fernanda Lanza","doi":"10.1016/j.bjpt.2025.101267","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bjpt.2025.101267","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Activities involving the upper limbs are part of daily life in home, work, or leisure environments. However, children and adolescents with chronic lung disease, in certain situations, may experience limitations in the use of their upper limbs (UL), such as reduced strength and endurance of the UL. UL. Much is known about the Unsupported Upper Limb Exercise Test (UULEX) and Six-Minute Peg Board Ring Test (6MBRT) in adult individuals, but there is no description in the literature regarding the use of UULEX and 6MBRT in the pediatric population.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To evaluate the feasibility and reproducibility of two field clinical tests for upper limbs (Unsupported Upper Limb Exercise Test - UULEX and Six-Minute Pegboard Ring Test - 6PBRT) in children and adolescents.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Feasibility study. Fifteen healthy volunteers aged 6 to 17 years were included. Spirometry was performed, followed by randomization of three tests: Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test (CPET) or UULEX or 6PBRT. The CPET was performed on an upper limb ergometer with a load increment protocol every minute. For UULEX, the volunteer sits in front of a panel and raises their arms while holding bars of different weights (0.25 kg to 2.0 kg) at different heights; outcome: execution time. For 6PBRT, the volunteer sits in front of a panel with four pins (two upper and two lower) and moves rings from the lower pins to the upper ones (and vice versa) for six consecutive minutes; outcome: number of rings moved. For all tests, maximum oxygen consumption (VO<sub>2</sub>peak) and peak ventilation per minute (VEpeak) were also evaluated as outcomes. The UULEX and 6PBRT were performed twice each (test and retest), with a 30-minute interval between each. For feasibility, less than 15% of volunteers could reach the ceiling effect and/or floor effect.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Volunteers were 11 years (9-15 years), and normal pulmonary function (FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC > 80% predicted). The UULEX time in the test and retest was 9.5 min [8.0 - 12.0 min] vs. 9.4 min [8.2 - 12.0 min], respectively; and the number of rings in the 6PBRT was 299 [258 - 373] vs. 340 [244 - 387], respectively, p > 0.05. The CPET showed higher VO<sub>2</sub>peak 22.8 (19.4 – 26) mL/kg compared to UULEX at 11.8 (10.2 - 13.6) mL/kg and to 6PBRT 11.6 (9 – 12) mL/kg, p = 0.001. The VEpeak was higher at CPET 31.5 (22.9 - 33.9) L/min compared to UULEX 19.7 (15.6 - 23.1) L/min) and to 6PBRT 14.4 (12.2 - 19.3) L/min), p = 0.001 The ICC for the test and retest of UULEX was 0.93 (0.78 - 0.97) p < 0.001, and for 6PBRT was 0.97 (0.91 - 0.99) p < 0.001. Two volunteers (13%) achieving celling effect at UULEX, and no floor effect for any field test.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The UULEX and 6PBRT are feasible and reproducible field tests for upper limbs in children and adolescents, have lower metabolic demand compared to CPET. It provi","PeriodicalId":49621,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101267"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145398192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.bjpt.2025.101360
Lucas Barbosa da Costa, Mylena Francielle Ribeiro Lima, Evelyn Daynnara Miranda Corrêa, Regina Alves de Oliveira, Juliana Nunes Santos, Rosane Morais
<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The use of digital media devices has become increasingly common among preschool children, establishing itself as a new habit during a critical phase of child development. Studies suggest that parents' behaviors regarding the use of these devices can influence their children's practices. Therefore, understanding this emerging behavioral reality is crucial for the effective implementation of interventions and public policies.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This research aimed to investigate whether there is a relationship between parents' daily screen time and the daily screen time of preschool children attending public daycare centers.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This is a cross-sectional, observational, quantitative study, which is part of a randomized clinical trial approved by the Research Ethics Committee, focusing on the influence of media on child development. Data were collected using a questionnaire developed by the authors regarding media use at home, with questions answered by the mother, father, or guardian. The questionnaire covered topics such as time and mode of use, devices used, the age at which the child first encountered each device, and biological and socioeconomic aspects. Children aged 24 to 42 months from two Municipal Early Childhood Education Centers, whose parents signed the Free and Informed Consent Form, were included. For statistical analysis purposes, the Spearman correlation test was applied to investigate the relationship between the variables and, subsequently, a simple linear regression analysis was performed to assess the influence of parents' screen time on children's screen time.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The sample consisted of 70 children and their respective parents/guardians, with a mean age of 33 months and no gender predominance. All children had exposure to media devices, spending an average of 160 minutes per day in front of screens. Regarding the guardians, more than 90% of the questionnaires were completed by mothers, who spent an average of 350 minutes per day using screens. A moderate correlation was found between children's screen time and parents' screen time (p < 0.00; rs = 0.37). Maternal screen time accounted for 12.4% of the variation in children's screen time (R² = 0.124), indicating that parents' screen time influences children's screen use behaviors at home.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Parents' media use habits, particularly those of mothers, can directly influence the daily screen time of preschool children. Further research is suggested to explore other contextual factors that may influence children's screen time and their developmental consequences.</div></div><div><h3>Implications</h3><div>This study underscores the importance of educational programs that train families on how parental screen use habits can affect children's screen time. It also emphasizes the effects of excessive screen time and encourages healthy
{"title":"PARENTS AND CHILDREN IN FRONT OF SCREENS: IS THERE A RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THEIR USAGE TIMES?","authors":"Lucas Barbosa da Costa, Mylena Francielle Ribeiro Lima, Evelyn Daynnara Miranda Corrêa, Regina Alves de Oliveira, Juliana Nunes Santos, Rosane Morais","doi":"10.1016/j.bjpt.2025.101360","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bjpt.2025.101360","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The use of digital media devices has become increasingly common among preschool children, establishing itself as a new habit during a critical phase of child development. Studies suggest that parents' behaviors regarding the use of these devices can influence their children's practices. Therefore, understanding this emerging behavioral reality is crucial for the effective implementation of interventions and public policies.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This research aimed to investigate whether there is a relationship between parents' daily screen time and the daily screen time of preschool children attending public daycare centers.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This is a cross-sectional, observational, quantitative study, which is part of a randomized clinical trial approved by the Research Ethics Committee, focusing on the influence of media on child development. Data were collected using a questionnaire developed by the authors regarding media use at home, with questions answered by the mother, father, or guardian. The questionnaire covered topics such as time and mode of use, devices used, the age at which the child first encountered each device, and biological and socioeconomic aspects. Children aged 24 to 42 months from two Municipal Early Childhood Education Centers, whose parents signed the Free and Informed Consent Form, were included. For statistical analysis purposes, the Spearman correlation test was applied to investigate the relationship between the variables and, subsequently, a simple linear regression analysis was performed to assess the influence of parents' screen time on children's screen time.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The sample consisted of 70 children and their respective parents/guardians, with a mean age of 33 months and no gender predominance. All children had exposure to media devices, spending an average of 160 minutes per day in front of screens. Regarding the guardians, more than 90% of the questionnaires were completed by mothers, who spent an average of 350 minutes per day using screens. A moderate correlation was found between children's screen time and parents' screen time (p < 0.00; rs = 0.37). Maternal screen time accounted for 12.4% of the variation in children's screen time (R² = 0.124), indicating that parents' screen time influences children's screen use behaviors at home.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Parents' media use habits, particularly those of mothers, can directly influence the daily screen time of preschool children. Further research is suggested to explore other contextual factors that may influence children's screen time and their developmental consequences.</div></div><div><h3>Implications</h3><div>This study underscores the importance of educational programs that train families on how parental screen use habits can affect children's screen time. It also emphasizes the effects of excessive screen time and encourages healthy ","PeriodicalId":49621,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101360"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145398236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.bjpt.2025.101335
Gabriel Alves Dos Santos, Danyelle Leite Furtado de Araújo, Matheus Lemos Dos Santos, Marlison Douglas Nascimento Silva, Bruna Gabriella Nascimento Bezerra, Mayara Ribeiro da Silva, Valéria Mayaly Alves de Oliveira, Danilo Harudy Kamonseki
<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Upper extremity physical performance tests are widely used to assess the functional status of athletes, analyzing skills related to demands, including muscle strength, power, and agility. The Upper Quarter Y Balance Test (UQYBT) is commonly used for assessment of upper limb physical performance of the athletes. However, the information on the validity of the UQYBT in known groups of swimming athletes with and without shoulder pain is scarce. Therefore, further studies are needed to investigate the known group validity of the UQYBT in this population.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To evaluate the known group validity of the UQYBT in swimmers with and without pain.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This is a cross-sectional study. This study was approved by Ethics Research Committee. Swimmers of both sexes, aged between 12 and 60 years, with at least one year of competitive swimming experience and a training regimen of at least twice a week, were included. The UQYBT was analyzed in its medial, superolateral, and inferolateral directions. The supporting hand was positioned at the center of the marking of the three lines, and the individual was asked to move the free limb as far as possible. The swimmers reached three times each direction and the mean and normalized by upper limb length were considered for analysis. To assess known-group validity, the scores of UQYBT were compared between athletes with shoulder pain and asymptomatic. The groups were chosen based on the assumption that shoulder pain would significantly affect physical performance measured by UQYBT, resulting in lower scores for athletes with shoulder pain. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to assess the distribution of the data. To compare the groups with and without pain, an independent samples t-test was conducted. Data analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 23.0 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 51 athletes participated in the study. The asymptomatic group presented significant greater score than the shoulder pain group in the medial direction of the UQYBT (mean difference [MD]: 8,1, 95% CI: -14,22, -2,01 p = 0.013). For the superolateral and inferolateral directions, the asymptomatic group did not show a statistically significant difference compared to the shoulder pain group (MD = 5,43, 95% CI: -11,03, 0,15 p = 0.056) for superolateral directions and (MD = 0,70, 95% CI: -8,30, 6,89, p = 0.85) for inferolateral direction.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings indicated that performance in the medial direction of the UQYBT can identify differences between individuals with and without pain, however, for the superolateral and inferolateral directions did not show significant results to differentiate the groups.</div></div><div><h3>Implications</h3><div>The findings of this study suggest that performance in the medial direction of the UQYBT
下肢体能测试被广泛用于评估运动员的功能状态，分析与需求相关的技能，包括肌肉力量、力量和敏捷性。上肢Y型平衡测试（UQYBT）通常用于评估运动员的上肢体能表现。然而，关于UQYBT在已知的有肩痛和无肩痛的游泳运动员群体中的有效性的信息很少。因此，需要进一步研究UQYBT在该人群中的已知群体效度。目的评价UQYBT在有和无疼痛游泳者中的已知组效度。方法采用横断面研究。本研究已获伦理研究委员会批准。年龄在12岁到60岁之间的男女游泳运动员，至少有一年的竞技游泳经验，每周至少训练两次。对UQYBT进行内侧、上外侧和内外侧方向的分析。将支撑的手放置在三条线的中心，并要求个体尽可能地移动空闲的肢体。游泳者每个方向到达三次，并考虑上肢长度的平均值和归一化进行分析。为了评估已知组效度，比较了肩痛和无症状运动员的UQYBT得分。这些组的选择是基于肩部疼痛会显著影响UQYBT测量的身体表现的假设，导致肩部疼痛的运动员得分较低。使用Kolmogorov-Smirnov检验来评估数据的分布。为了比较疼痛组和无疼痛组，进行了独立样本t检验。使用Statistical Package for the Social Sciences， version 23.0 （SPSS Inc, Chicago， IL）进行数据分析。结果共有51名运动员参加了本研究。无症状组在UQYBT内侧方向的评分显著高于肩痛组（平均差异[MD]: 8,1, 95% CI: -14,22, -2,01 p = 0.013）。对于上外侧和下外侧方向，无症状组与肩痛组相比，上外侧方向（MD = 5,43,95% CI: -11,03, 0,15 p = 0.056）和下外侧方向（MD = 0,70,95% CI: -8,30, 6,89, p = 0.85）没有统计学上的显著差异。结论UQYBT内侧方向的表现可以区分有疼痛和无疼痛的个体，而上外侧和内外侧方向的表现没有明显的区分结果。本研究的结果表明，UQYBT内侧方向的表现可能是区分游泳运动员有无肩痛的有效指标，加强了其作为这项运动中运动员功能评估工具的潜力。然而，上外侧和下外侧方向可能不够敏感，无法发现与肩痛相关的表现缺陷。
{"title":"ANALYSIS OF KNOWN-GROUP VALIDITY OF THE UPPER QUARTER Y BALANCE TEST FOR ASSESSING SWIMMING ATHLETES WITH SHOULDER PAIN","authors":"Gabriel Alves Dos Santos, Danyelle Leite Furtado de Araújo, Matheus Lemos Dos Santos, Marlison Douglas Nascimento Silva, Bruna Gabriella Nascimento Bezerra, Mayara Ribeiro da Silva, Valéria Mayaly Alves de Oliveira, Danilo Harudy Kamonseki","doi":"10.1016/j.bjpt.2025.101335","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bjpt.2025.101335","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Upper extremity physical performance tests are widely used to assess the functional status of athletes, analyzing skills related to demands, including muscle strength, power, and agility. The Upper Quarter Y Balance Test (UQYBT) is commonly used for assessment of upper limb physical performance of the athletes. However, the information on the validity of the UQYBT in known groups of swimming athletes with and without shoulder pain is scarce. Therefore, further studies are needed to investigate the known group validity of the UQYBT in this population.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To evaluate the known group validity of the UQYBT in swimmers with and without pain.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This is a cross-sectional study. This study was approved by Ethics Research Committee. Swimmers of both sexes, aged between 12 and 60 years, with at least one year of competitive swimming experience and a training regimen of at least twice a week, were included. The UQYBT was analyzed in its medial, superolateral, and inferolateral directions. The supporting hand was positioned at the center of the marking of the three lines, and the individual was asked to move the free limb as far as possible. The swimmers reached three times each direction and the mean and normalized by upper limb length were considered for analysis. To assess known-group validity, the scores of UQYBT were compared between athletes with shoulder pain and asymptomatic. The groups were chosen based on the assumption that shoulder pain would significantly affect physical performance measured by UQYBT, resulting in lower scores for athletes with shoulder pain. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to assess the distribution of the data. To compare the groups with and without pain, an independent samples t-test was conducted. Data analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 23.0 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 51 athletes participated in the study. The asymptomatic group presented significant greater score than the shoulder pain group in the medial direction of the UQYBT (mean difference [MD]: 8,1, 95% CI: -14,22, -2,01 p = 0.013). For the superolateral and inferolateral directions, the asymptomatic group did not show a statistically significant difference compared to the shoulder pain group (MD = 5,43, 95% CI: -11,03, 0,15 p = 0.056) for superolateral directions and (MD = 0,70, 95% CI: -8,30, 6,89, p = 0.85) for inferolateral direction.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings indicated that performance in the medial direction of the UQYBT can identify differences between individuals with and without pain, however, for the superolateral and inferolateral directions did not show significant results to differentiate the groups.</div></div><div><h3>Implications</h3><div>The findings of this study suggest that performance in the medial direction of the UQYBT ","PeriodicalId":49621,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101335"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145398465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.bjpt.2025.101326
Raquel Lins de Sousa Lima, Gabriel Alves Dos Santos, Sávio Douglas Ferreira Santana, Bruna Gabriella Nascimento Bezerra, Mayara Ribeiro Da Silva, Marlison Douglas Nascimento Silva, Valéria Mayaly Alves de Oliveira, Danilo Harudy Kamonseki
Background
Musculoskeletal injuries are common in high-performance overhead athletes. Current studies indicated that injuries can be influenced by various factors, including psychological, biological, and social aspects. Sleep quality is an essential factor for the physical and mental health of athletes and can be influenced by several variables, such as anxiety, stress, and nutrition. Poor sleep quality may increase the risk of injury. Therefore, clinicians should assess sleep quality using validated instruments, such as the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Nevertheless, it is still unclear the role of sleep quality in the shoulder pain of swimmers, due to the lack of studies directly evaluating the relationship between these factors. Our study hypothesizes that athletes with shoulder pain will present poorer sleep quality, compared to those without shoulder pain.
Objectives
To compare sleep quality between swimmers with and without shoulder pain.
Methods
This is a cross-sectional observational study, which was approved by the Ethics Research Committee. We included competitive swimmers with or without musculoskeletal shoulder pain, of both sexes, aged between 12 and 60 years, with at least one year of competitive experience and a training regimen of at least twice a week. Sleep quality was assessed using the PSQI, which consists of 19 items across seven domains, as well as five additional questions for the bed partner. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 23.0. Data normality was assessed using the Shapiro-Wilk test. Between groups- comparisons for normally distributed data were conducted using Student’s t-test, while the Mann-Whitney U test was used for non-normally distributed data. Effect size (Cohen’s d) was calculated for between-group differences.
Results
A total of 49 competitive swimmers were included in the study, with a mean age of 30,82 ± 14,34, 7,18 ± 6,41 years of sports practice, and 22 (44,9%) were women. The mean and standard deviation of the PSQI score for each group were as follows: Shoulder pain group: 6.30 ± 0.43 and no shoulder pain group: 5.90 ± 0.45. Results from comparison analysis indicated no statistically significant difference between the groups (p = 0.53; Mean difference (95% CI): 0.40 (-0.90 ± 1.71); Effect size (Cohen’s d) = 0.90).
Conclusion
The results indicate no statistically significant difference in sleep quality between athletes with and without shoulder pain.
Implications
The results of this study suggest that sleep quality is not different between swimmers with and without shoulder pain. However, different findings may be found using other measurement instruments for assessing sleep quality.
{"title":"SLEEP QUALITY IN SWIMMERS WITH AND WITHOUT SHOULDER PAIN: A CROSS-SECTIONAL ANALYSIS","authors":"Raquel Lins de Sousa Lima, Gabriel Alves Dos Santos, Sávio Douglas Ferreira Santana, Bruna Gabriella Nascimento Bezerra, Mayara Ribeiro Da Silva, Marlison Douglas Nascimento Silva, Valéria Mayaly Alves de Oliveira, Danilo Harudy Kamonseki","doi":"10.1016/j.bjpt.2025.101326","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bjpt.2025.101326","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Musculoskeletal injuries are common in high-performance overhead athletes. Current studies indicated that injuries can be influenced by various factors, including psychological, biological, and social aspects. Sleep quality is an essential factor for the physical and mental health of athletes and can be influenced by several variables, such as anxiety, stress, and nutrition. Poor sleep quality may increase the risk of injury. Therefore, clinicians should assess sleep quality using validated instruments, such as the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Nevertheless, it is still unclear the role of sleep quality in the shoulder pain of swimmers, due to the lack of studies directly evaluating the relationship between these factors. Our study hypothesizes that athletes with shoulder pain will present poorer sleep quality, compared to those without shoulder pain.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To compare sleep quality between swimmers with and without shoulder pain.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This is a cross-sectional observational study, which was approved by the Ethics Research Committee. We included competitive swimmers with or without musculoskeletal shoulder pain, of both sexes, aged between 12 and 60 years, with at least one year of competitive experience and a training regimen of at least twice a week. Sleep quality was assessed using the PSQI, which consists of 19 items across seven domains, as well as five additional questions for the bed partner. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 23.0. Data normality was assessed using the Shapiro-Wilk test. Between groups- comparisons for normally distributed data were conducted using Student’s t-test, while the Mann-Whitney U test was used for non-normally distributed data. Effect size (Cohen’s d) was calculated for between-group differences.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 49 competitive swimmers were included in the study, with a mean age of 30,82 ± 14,34, 7,18 ± 6,41 years of sports practice, and 22 (44,9%) were women. The mean and standard deviation of the PSQI score for each group were as follows: Shoulder pain group: 6.30 ± 0.43 and no shoulder pain group: 5.90 ± 0.45. Results from comparison analysis indicated no statistically significant difference between the groups (p = 0.53; Mean difference (95% CI): 0.40 (-0.90 ± 1.71); Effect size (Cohen’s d) = 0.90).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The results indicate no statistically significant difference in sleep quality between athletes with and without shoulder pain.</div></div><div><h3>Implications</h3><div>The results of this study suggest that sleep quality is not different between swimmers with and without shoulder pain. However, different findings may be found using other measurement instruments for assessing sleep quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49621,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101326"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145398520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.bjpt.2025.101327
Ernandes José de Souza Neto, Ana Flávia Medeiros Ribeiro, Renato de Souza Melo, Caroline de Cássia Batista de Souza, Eleide Rosane Borba Lira, Vinícius José Guimarães do Carmo, Maria das Graças Rodrigues de Araujo, Ana Paula De Lima Ferreira
<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Injuries during the physiological growth phase can not only compromise the development of sports skills, but also impair the physical development expected for their age group. Adaptive mechanisms to training are the main determinants of the prevalence and location of injuries, traumas and musculoskeletal complaints. Despite advances in research on the performance and health of para-athletes, there is still a significant gap in knowledge about the epidemiology of sports injuries in young para-athletes, leaving aside the particularities of the young population, which has distinct physical and psychological characteristics, which makes it difficult to create preventive protocols and appropriate treatment strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Identify and characterize the profile of para-athletes participating in the competition and analyze the occurrence of sports injuries in para-athletes during the 2023 School Paralympics.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This is an observational, descriptive and analytical study designed according to the recommendations of the STROBE protocol (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology). The study was developed during the national stage of the 2023 edition of the Brazilian School Paralympics. The inclusion criteria were students of both sexes with physical, visual and intellectual disabilities, aged between 11 and 18 years, regularly enrolled in the school they were representing and attending elementary, high school or special education in public or private schools. The participating para-athletes were recruited at the Brazilian Paralympic Training Center at two different times: on competition days during the moments preceding their events (first stage) and at the end of the para-athletes' participation in the championship (second stage). Two questionnaires were used as data collection instruments: the general data questionnaire for participants, applied in the first stage, and the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center - Questionnaire on Health Problems (OSTRC-BR), applied in the second stage. All questionnaires were applied in person, in an individual interview and during the sporting event.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The sample consisted of 640 para-athletes, 253 (60.5%) female and 387 (60.5%) male, with a mean age of 14.06 years. 41 (14.9%) of the participants reported injuries/illnesses, and the team with the highest percentage of injured members was from the state of Tocantins (14.8%). Most of the injured athletes had intellectual disabilities (41.46%), practiced athletics (56.9%) and were in the final years of elementary school (21.95%), with a mean age of 14.56 years, and the majority were male (56.86%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>A significant difference was observed in the occurrence of injuries between young people who had been practicing sports for more than 2 years and those who were just beginning their sport
{"title":"PROFILE OF PARA ATHLETES AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SPORTS INJURIES DURING THE 2023 PARALYMPIC SCHOOL GAMES","authors":"Ernandes José de Souza Neto, Ana Flávia Medeiros Ribeiro, Renato de Souza Melo, Caroline de Cássia Batista de Souza, Eleide Rosane Borba Lira, Vinícius José Guimarães do Carmo, Maria das Graças Rodrigues de Araujo, Ana Paula De Lima Ferreira","doi":"10.1016/j.bjpt.2025.101327","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bjpt.2025.101327","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Injuries during the physiological growth phase can not only compromise the development of sports skills, but also impair the physical development expected for their age group. Adaptive mechanisms to training are the main determinants of the prevalence and location of injuries, traumas and musculoskeletal complaints. Despite advances in research on the performance and health of para-athletes, there is still a significant gap in knowledge about the epidemiology of sports injuries in young para-athletes, leaving aside the particularities of the young population, which has distinct physical and psychological characteristics, which makes it difficult to create preventive protocols and appropriate treatment strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Identify and characterize the profile of para-athletes participating in the competition and analyze the occurrence of sports injuries in para-athletes during the 2023 School Paralympics.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This is an observational, descriptive and analytical study designed according to the recommendations of the STROBE protocol (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology). The study was developed during the national stage of the 2023 edition of the Brazilian School Paralympics. The inclusion criteria were students of both sexes with physical, visual and intellectual disabilities, aged between 11 and 18 years, regularly enrolled in the school they were representing and attending elementary, high school or special education in public or private schools. The participating para-athletes were recruited at the Brazilian Paralympic Training Center at two different times: on competition days during the moments preceding their events (first stage) and at the end of the para-athletes' participation in the championship (second stage). Two questionnaires were used as data collection instruments: the general data questionnaire for participants, applied in the first stage, and the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center - Questionnaire on Health Problems (OSTRC-BR), applied in the second stage. All questionnaires were applied in person, in an individual interview and during the sporting event.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The sample consisted of 640 para-athletes, 253 (60.5%) female and 387 (60.5%) male, with a mean age of 14.06 years. 41 (14.9%) of the participants reported injuries/illnesses, and the team with the highest percentage of injured members was from the state of Tocantins (14.8%). Most of the injured athletes had intellectual disabilities (41.46%), practiced athletics (56.9%) and were in the final years of elementary school (21.95%), with a mean age of 14.56 years, and the majority were male (56.86%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>A significant difference was observed in the occurrence of injuries between young people who had been practicing sports for more than 2 years and those who were just beginning their sport","PeriodicalId":49621,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101327"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145398521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.bjpt.2025.101343
Julia de Almeida Santos, Ana Julya Santana Miranda, Alef Douglas Oliveira Alves, Valdeci Carlos Dionísio, Wanessa Silva De Oliveira, Ana Paula Magalhães Resende
<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Amateur athletes frequently experience delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS), impacting training and daily activities. Myofascial release, a massage technique for DOMS management, can be performed manually or with instruments. Recently, percussion devices, such as massage guns, have gained popularity. While several studies have examined foam rollers for self-myofascial release, no research has compared physiotherapist-administered manual myofascial release with instrument-assisted or percussion-based techniques for DOMS treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the effects of a single session of manual myofascial release alone or combined with instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization or a percussion device massager on DOMS in amateur athletes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Randomized controlled trial. Amateur athletes were classified as "very active" according to the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), and pain reporting associated with exercise practice was included. Exclusion criteria included athletes with pain due to a previously diagnosed musculoskeletal injury and those unable to read and understand the questionnaire. Athletes were randomized into one of three groups: Manual Myofascial Release (MMR), Manual + Instrument-Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization (MMR+IASTM), or Manual + Percussion Device Massager (MMR+PDM). An assistant researcher conducted the randomization process. Assessments were carried out by a trained evaluator blinded to group allocation. Initially, participants identified the muscle group experiencing pain. The evaluator then palpated the affected muscle group and asked the athlete to quantify their pain using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) from 0 to 10. Following this assessment, a trained physiotherapist administered the assigned intervention. Each session lasted 40 minutes. The session was evenly divided for interventions combining manual therapy with another approach, with 20 minutes allocated to manual therapy and 20 minutes to the instrument/device intervention. Immediately after the session, the same evaluator reassessed pain levels using the VAS. Twenty-four hours later, the research team contacted participants, instructing them to palpate the painful area and self-report their pain score on the VAS. To assess normality, the Shapiro-Wilk test was applied. For group comparisons, repeated measures ANOVA and one-way ANOVA were used.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 159 athletes completed the protocol: 73 in the MMR group, 47 in the MMR+IASTM group, and 39 in the MMR+PDM group. There was a loss of 24-hour follow-up data in the last two groups due to non-responsiveness to the 24-hour evaluation. No significant differences were found between the three groups in baseline VAS scores: 4.63 for MMR, 4.79 for MMR+IASTM, and 5.59 for MMR+PDM (p = 0.099). Immediately after the intervention, VAS scores were 2.30 for MMR, 2.34 for MMR+IASTM,
{"title":"ACUTE EFFECTS OF MANUAL MYOFASCIAL RELEASE ALONE OR IN COMBINATION WITH INSTRUMENT OR PERCUSSION DEVICE ON DELAYED ONSET MUSCLE SORENESS","authors":"Julia de Almeida Santos, Ana Julya Santana Miranda, Alef Douglas Oliveira Alves, Valdeci Carlos Dionísio, Wanessa Silva De Oliveira, Ana Paula Magalhães Resende","doi":"10.1016/j.bjpt.2025.101343","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bjpt.2025.101343","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Amateur athletes frequently experience delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS), impacting training and daily activities. Myofascial release, a massage technique for DOMS management, can be performed manually or with instruments. Recently, percussion devices, such as massage guns, have gained popularity. While several studies have examined foam rollers for self-myofascial release, no research has compared physiotherapist-administered manual myofascial release with instrument-assisted or percussion-based techniques for DOMS treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the effects of a single session of manual myofascial release alone or combined with instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization or a percussion device massager on DOMS in amateur athletes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Randomized controlled trial. Amateur athletes were classified as \"very active\" according to the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), and pain reporting associated with exercise practice was included. Exclusion criteria included athletes with pain due to a previously diagnosed musculoskeletal injury and those unable to read and understand the questionnaire. Athletes were randomized into one of three groups: Manual Myofascial Release (MMR), Manual + Instrument-Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization (MMR+IASTM), or Manual + Percussion Device Massager (MMR+PDM). An assistant researcher conducted the randomization process. Assessments were carried out by a trained evaluator blinded to group allocation. Initially, participants identified the muscle group experiencing pain. The evaluator then palpated the affected muscle group and asked the athlete to quantify their pain using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) from 0 to 10. Following this assessment, a trained physiotherapist administered the assigned intervention. Each session lasted 40 minutes. The session was evenly divided for interventions combining manual therapy with another approach, with 20 minutes allocated to manual therapy and 20 minutes to the instrument/device intervention. Immediately after the session, the same evaluator reassessed pain levels using the VAS. Twenty-four hours later, the research team contacted participants, instructing them to palpate the painful area and self-report their pain score on the VAS. To assess normality, the Shapiro-Wilk test was applied. For group comparisons, repeated measures ANOVA and one-way ANOVA were used.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 159 athletes completed the protocol: 73 in the MMR group, 47 in the MMR+IASTM group, and 39 in the MMR+PDM group. There was a loss of 24-hour follow-up data in the last two groups due to non-responsiveness to the 24-hour evaluation. No significant differences were found between the three groups in baseline VAS scores: 4.63 for MMR, 4.79 for MMR+IASTM, and 5.59 for MMR+PDM (p = 0.099). Immediately after the intervention, VAS scores were 2.30 for MMR, 2.34 for MMR+IASTM,","PeriodicalId":49621,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101343"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145398527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.bjpt.2025.101293
Taynara da Silva Ribeiro, Rafaela Gonçalves de Mattos, Carla Malaguti
<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Hearing loss may be associated with lower levels of physical activity, fragmentation of active time, and greater difficulties in performing activities of daily living. However, there are no records of validated exercise tests for the physical assessment of people with deafness, which are crucial for prescribing interventions and monitoring physiological and functional responses. Among these, the Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test (CPET) stands out as the gold standard for assessing physical fitness and limiting symptoms. However, CPET requires expensive equipment, highly trained personnel, and standard laboratory conditions, which limits its wide availability to the general population. On the other hand, the Modified Shuttle Test (MST) is a progressive, standardized, incremental test that is simple to perform in non-laboratory conditions. However, the MST uses auditory stimuli to guide participants, making it unfeasible for people with severe hearing loss or deafness.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The central objective of this study was to develop an adaptation of the MST guided by visual cues. Secondarily, we intend to test the validity and agreement of the visual TSM.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This is a cross-sectional study, divided into two phases. Phase I includes the development of resources for adapting the TSM, using visual guidance to replace the audible commands of the conventional test. LED (Light Emitting Diode) RGB (Red Green Blue) light signals were used, positioned above each cone, located at the ends of the path. In this phase, the test will be tested on healthy individuals and its agreement, determined by paired t-test, analysis of the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) and Spearman's correlation coefficient. In Phase II, the feasibility and reproducibility of the adapted TSM in deaf individuals will be tested.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>An agreement analysis of partial data from Phase I was performed using the ICC (intraclass correlation coefficient) between the auditory SST and the visual SST in hearing individuals, considering the peak HR (n = 8) 170,7 ± 15.8 vs 169,4 ± 11,0bpm (p > 0,05) and the distance covered in the tests (n = 10) 999,0 ± 44,3 vs 987,0 ± 53,1 meters (p > 0,05), respectively. The partial results demonstrate an agreement between the tests for HR with ICC = 0,81 (95% CI = 0,39–0,93) and for distance covered ICC = 0.85 (95% CI = 0,46–0,96). The correlation between the HRpeak of the tests was r = 0,68, and between the distances it was r = 0,76 (p < 0,05 for both).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The adapted TSM has good agreement and validity when compared to the conventional TSM.</div></div><div><h3>Implications</h3><div>The results of this study can promote inclusion and accessibility of people with deafness for the assessment of functional capacity, contributing to a more equitable approach in the
背景：听力损失可能与身体活动水平较低、活动时间分散以及在进行日常生活活动时遇到较大困难有关。然而，对于耳聋患者的身体评估来说，没有经过验证的运动测试的记录，而这对于制定干预措施和监测生理和功能反应至关重要。其中，心肺运动测试（CPET）作为评估身体健康和限制症状的黄金标准脱颖而出。然而，CPET需要昂贵的设备、训练有素的人员和标准的实验室条件，这限制了它在普通人群中的广泛可用性。另一方面，改进穿梭测试（MST）是一种渐进的、标准化的、增量的测试，在非实验室条件下很容易执行。然而，MST使用听觉刺激来引导参与者，这对于有严重听力损失或耳聋的人来说是不可行的。本研究的中心目的是开发一种由视觉线索引导的MST适应性。其次，我们打算测试可视化TSM的有效性和一致性。方法本研究为横断面研究，分为两个阶段。第一阶段包括开发适应TSM的资源，使用视觉引导取代传统测试的声音命令。使用LED（发光二极管）RGB（红绿蓝）光信号，位于每个锥体的上方，位于路径的末端。在这一阶段，将对健康个体进行检验，并通过配对t检验、类内相关系数（ICC）、95%置信区间（CI）和Spearman相关系数的分析来确定检验结果的一致性。在第二阶段，将测试适应性TSM在聋人个体中的可行性和可重复性。结果考虑到峰值心率（n = 8）170、7±15.8 vs 169、4±11,0bpm （p > 0.05）和测试所覆盖的距离（n = 10）999、0±44,3 vs 987、0±53,1 m (p > 0.05)，利用听觉SST与视觉SST之间的类内相关系数（ICC）对第一阶段部分数据进行一致性分析。部分结果表明，对于ICC = 0,81 （95% CI = 0,39 - 0,93）和距离覆盖ICC = 0.85 （95% CI = 0,46 - 0,96）的HR测试之间是一致的。试验HRpeak之间的相关性为r = 0,68，距离之间的相关性为r = 0,76（两者的p <； 0.05）。结论与传统TSM相比，改进后的TSM具有较好的一致性和有效性。本研究的结果可以促进聋人功能能力评估的包容性和可及性，有助于在运动处方中采用更公平的方法。此外，我们可以为该人群的心肺健康评估提供一个安全有效的方案。
{"title":"ADAPTATION, FEASIBILITY AND REPRODUCIBILITY OF THE MODIFIED SHUTTLE TEST FOR PEOPLE WITH DEAFNESS","authors":"Taynara da Silva Ribeiro, Rafaela Gonçalves de Mattos, Carla Malaguti","doi":"10.1016/j.bjpt.2025.101293","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bjpt.2025.101293","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Hearing loss may be associated with lower levels of physical activity, fragmentation of active time, and greater difficulties in performing activities of daily living. However, there are no records of validated exercise tests for the physical assessment of people with deafness, which are crucial for prescribing interventions and monitoring physiological and functional responses. Among these, the Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test (CPET) stands out as the gold standard for assessing physical fitness and limiting symptoms. However, CPET requires expensive equipment, highly trained personnel, and standard laboratory conditions, which limits its wide availability to the general population. On the other hand, the Modified Shuttle Test (MST) is a progressive, standardized, incremental test that is simple to perform in non-laboratory conditions. However, the MST uses auditory stimuli to guide participants, making it unfeasible for people with severe hearing loss or deafness.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The central objective of this study was to develop an adaptation of the MST guided by visual cues. Secondarily, we intend to test the validity and agreement of the visual TSM.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This is a cross-sectional study, divided into two phases. Phase I includes the development of resources for adapting the TSM, using visual guidance to replace the audible commands of the conventional test. LED (Light Emitting Diode) RGB (Red Green Blue) light signals were used, positioned above each cone, located at the ends of the path. In this phase, the test will be tested on healthy individuals and its agreement, determined by paired t-test, analysis of the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) and Spearman's correlation coefficient. In Phase II, the feasibility and reproducibility of the adapted TSM in deaf individuals will be tested.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>An agreement analysis of partial data from Phase I was performed using the ICC (intraclass correlation coefficient) between the auditory SST and the visual SST in hearing individuals, considering the peak HR (n = 8) 170,7 ± 15.8 vs 169,4 ± 11,0bpm (p > 0,05) and the distance covered in the tests (n = 10) 999,0 ± 44,3 vs 987,0 ± 53,1 meters (p > 0,05), respectively. The partial results demonstrate an agreement between the tests for HR with ICC = 0,81 (95% CI = 0,39–0,93) and for distance covered ICC = 0.85 (95% CI = 0,46–0,96). The correlation between the HRpeak of the tests was r = 0,68, and between the distances it was r = 0,76 (p < 0,05 for both).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The adapted TSM has good agreement and validity when compared to the conventional TSM.</div></div><div><h3>Implications</h3><div>The results of this study can promote inclusion and accessibility of people with deafness for the assessment of functional capacity, contributing to a more equitable approach in the ","PeriodicalId":49621,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 101293"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145398046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.bjpt.2025.101363
Ana Luiza De Oliveira Souza, Henrique Mendonça Passos de Faria, Ana Carolina Cazita Soares Silva, Maria Flávia Silva Campell, Millene Cézar Nunes, Maiza Eduarda De Sousa Moreira, Rejane Vale Gonçalves
<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) is a condition characterized by the shortening of the sternocleidomastoid muscle, leading to restricted cervical motion, postural asymmetry, and potential motor development delays. The 2024 Clinical Practice Guideline for CMT highlights the importance of early intervention, including passive stretching, active motor stimulation, postural training, and caregiver education. However, there is a need for structured studies assessing the impact of a combined home and supervised intervention program on active and passive cervical range of motion (ROM).</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To evaluate the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of a structured physical therapy intervention aimed at improving active and passive cervical lateral flexion ROM in infants with CMT, following the recommendations from the 2024 CMT Clinical Practice Guideline.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A single-group prospective experimental pilot study with repeated measures. Participants: Eight infants aged 3 to 4 months diagnosed with CMT, presenting with restricted passive and/or active cervical lateral flexion. Parental consent was obtained for participation in a home-based program combined with weekly supervised physical therapy sessions. The intervention consisted of five components: (1) Passive stretching: Low-intensity, sustained stretches of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle. (2) Active range of motion training: Stimuli for head-righting responses during exercises in various postures. (3) Symmetry-based activities: Encouragement of midline head alignment and equal use of both sides of the body during play. (4) Environmental modifications: Positioning strategies for sleep, feeding, and other activities in the home setting. (5) Caregiver education and adherence monitoring: Weekly supervised sessions (60 minutes) to assess progress, reinforce techniques, and implement an individualized home program for each child based on the criteria of the 2024 Clinical Practice Guideline. Outcome Measures: Passive cervical ROM (lateral flexion) was measured using an arthrodial protractor, while active cervical ROM was assessed through visual/photographic tracking and the Muscle Function Scale (MFS).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The intervention period ranged from 3 to 4 months, with a follow-up evaluation conducted 3 months after its completion. All four children who initially presented with more than 5° of asymmetry in passive ROM showed improvement in the final assessment, reducing asymmetry to less than 5°. Similarly, among the five children with more than 5° of asymmetry in active ROM, three (60%) demonstrated improvement, achieving a final asymmetry of less than 5°.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>A structured physical therapy intervention effectively improved active and passive cervical lateral flexion ROM in infants with CMT. All infants with passive ROM asymmetry showed improve
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Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.bjpt.2025.101332
Bianca Rezende Trindade Silva, Ana Luiza De Oliveira Souza, Aline de Oliveira, Bernardo Vitor Teodoro de Oliveira, Laís Emanuelle Meira Alves, Natalia Franco Neto Bittencourt, Luciana de Michelis Mendonça
<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Understanding the interaction between musculoskeletal variables is essential for identifying dysfunction, preventing injuries, and improving athletic performance. Ankle dorsiflexion and hip function are crucial for dynamic activities such as jumping. Although the Hop Test is widely used to assess functional capacity, the interaction between these variables and their impact on performance remains underexplored. In this context, asymmetry between the lower limbs can compromise performance and increase the risk of injuries, making it essential to identify and correct these discrepancies to enhance performance and prevent musculoskeletal deficiencies.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To investigate the correlation of ankle and hip joints mobility and strength asymmetry with the performance of Hop Test in physically active individuals. The study aims to understand how these variables are related with functional capacity and physical performance in activities that require jumping and stability in physically active individuals.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This is a cross-sectional study using data from the Physiotherapy Assessment Tool (PHAST) database. The sample consisted of 200 physically active individuals (124 men, 76 women, 97% with right lower limb dominance), aged 18-56 years (mean = 35.01; SD = 8.71), with an average height of 172.8cm and weight of 72.84kg. Participants underwent the following clinical measurements: passive hip internal rotation (IR) ROM, ankle dorsiflexion ROM, hip extensor and abductors repetition test, and the single Hop Test. Pearson's correlation coefficient and linear regression analysis were performed to examine the associations between asymmetry scores, musculoskeletal variables, and hop test performance, with a significance level set at p < 0.05.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Greater asymmetry was observed in ankle dorsiflexion ROM (> 10%) in 42.5% of individuals, in hip extensors repetition test (> 10%) in 51.5% of volunteers, and in hip abduction repetition test (> 10%) in 60% of the sample. Regarding single Hop Test performance, an asymmetry greater than 10% was observed in 27.5% of participants. Although correlations were weak, they were statistically significant between hip extensors function (r = 0.18 and p = 0.009 on the dominant side [DS]; and r = 0.19 and p = 0.005 on the non-dominant side [NDS]) and dorsiflexion ROM (r = 0.19 and p = 0.006 on the DS; and r = 0.19 and p = 0.004 on the NDS) when compared to Hop Test performance.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The observed correlations and asymmetries suggest that hip extensors function and dorsiflexion ROM have a significant, albeit weak, relationship with single Hop Test performance. Additionally, asymmetries in variables related to the hip abduction repetition test, hip extensors repetition test and ankle dorsiflexion ROM indicate potential areas for future studies focusing on interventi
了解肌肉骨骼变量之间的相互作用对于识别功能障碍、预防损伤和提高运动成绩至关重要。踝关节背屈和髋关节功能对于跳跃等动态活动至关重要。虽然跳跃测试被广泛用于评估功能能力，但这些变量之间的相互作用及其对性能的影响仍未得到充分探讨。在这种情况下，下肢之间的不对称会影响运动表现并增加受伤的风险，因此必须识别和纠正这些差异，以提高运动表现并预防肌肉骨骼缺陷。目的探讨体力活动者踝关节、髋关节活动度和力量不对称性与跳测验成绩的关系。这项研究的目的是了解这些变量是如何与需要跳跃和稳定的体力活动中的功能能力和身体表现相关的。方法：这是一项横断面研究，数据来自物理治疗评估工具（PHAST）数据库。样本包括200名身体活跃的个体（男性124名，女性76名，97%为右下肢优势），年龄18-56岁（平均 = 35.01；标准差 = 8.71），平均身高172.8cm，体重72.84kg。参与者接受了以下临床测量：被动髋关节内旋（IR） ROM，踝关节背屈ROM，髋关节伸肌和外展肌重复测试，以及单跳测试。采用Pearson相关系数和线性回归分析检验不对称得分、肌肉骨骼变量和跳跃测试成绩之间的关系，显著性水平设置为p <； 0.05。结果42.5%的受试者在踝关节背屈测试（> 10%）、51.5%的受试者在髋关节伸肌重复测试（> 10%）和60%的受试者在髋关节外展重复测试（> 10%）中观察到更大的不对称性。关于单跳测试的表现，27.5%的参与者观察到不对称性大于10%。尽管相关性很弱,他们之间统计上显著的臀部两种函数(r = 0.18和0.009 p = 占主导地位的一侧(DS);和r = 0.19和0.005 p = 非惯用一侧(NDS))和背屈罗(r = 0.19和0.006 p = DS;和r = 0.19和0.004 p = NDS)相比,测试性能。结论观察到的相关性和不对称性表明，髋关节伸肌功能和背屈ROM与单跳测试成绩有显著的相关性，尽管相关性较弱。此外，与髋关节外展重复测试、髋关节伸肌重复测试和踝关节背屈ROM相关的变量的不对称性表明，未来研究的重点是可以探索改善对称性和身体表现的干预措施，特别是在涉及跳跃和关节稳定性的活动中。本研究的结果强调了了解髋关节变量和踝关节/足部复合物对跳跃测试成绩的贡献，以及对损伤预防和功能能力改善的重要性。这些发现强调了通过实施预防受伤和优化身体表现的策略来解决功能障碍和不对称的必要性，特别是在需要跳跃和关节稳定性的活动中。
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