Polish Journal of Pathology最新文献

We present the case of a 71-year-old patient, with vaginal bleeding, dyspnea, headache, loss of appetite and weakness. Clinical examination revealed a pediculated vaginal mass of 25 mm diameter, of dark-red color and soft spongy consistency, with an ulcerated surface and originating from the anterior wall, which was surgically removed. The morphology was dominanted by large, round to polygonal tumor cells, arranged in a predominantly tubulo-cystic architecture, surrounding numerous blood vessels that dominated the appearance, suggesting a perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa) or hemangioblastoma but the presence of pleomorphic nuclei, numerous mitoses together with immunohistochemistry helped for a correct diagnosis of vaginal .

Granulomatous gastritis (GG) is a rare condition, with incidence between 0.08 and 0.35% in gastric biopsies. Various infectious and non-infectious aetiologies can be considered to cause granulomatous gastritis. Foreign bodies are a rare aetiology of GG and may result from foods, suture materials, or medications. We report a 59-year-old woman who had eaten large amounts of peanuts for more than 10 years and presented with epigastric discomfort. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed multiple nodular lesions with ulcer scars at the stomach, which was diagnosed as GG probably caused by chronic peanut ingestion on endoscopic mucosal resection.

This study aimed to evaluate the clinicopathologic significance of the combined immunohistochemical expression of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition marker E-cadherin and the angiogenesis marker CD105 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and assess correlation of their expression. Eighty-five patients who underwent complete resection as primary treatment were selected for this study. E-cadherin and CD105 expression levels were determined by immunohistochemistry. The receiver operating curve approach was applied to determine the cut-off value and separate patients with high and low expression of markers. The high-risk group ("CD105 high" and "E-cadherin low" expression) showed statistically significant correlations with age less than 66 years (p = 0.039), advanced T-status (T3-4) (p = 0.046), aggressive TNM stage (stage III-IV) (p = 0.003) and locoregional recurrence of disease (p = 0.004). In the Kaplan-Meier analyses, the high-risk group had significantly worse prognoses than other risk groups (log-rank test 2 = 9.415, p = 0.024). Spearman's correlation coefficient analysis showed a nonsignificant negative correlation between the expression of E-cadherin and CD105 (rho = -0.073, p = 0.505). Simultaneous consideration of E-cadherin and CD105 is a simple panel of markers to determine aggressive tumour phenotype with a higher risk of disease recurrence in patients with laryngeal cancer.

In this study, the immunohistochemical EnVision method was applied to detect CD3, CD4 and CD8 in synovial tissues of 40 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 10 patients with osteoarthritis (OA). In 92.5% (37/40) RA cases, lymphocytes were focally aggregated, and even germinal centers appeared, forming lymphoid follicle-like structures. The expression of CD3, CD4, and CD8 were high in synovial tissue of RA group, but low in OA group. The number of CD3, CD4+, and CD8+ lymphocytes in OA group were significantly lower than that in RA group (p < 0.05); CD4+lymphocytes in RA accounted for the majority, and mostly were focally distributed. The number of CD8+lymphocytes in the synovial tissue were small, and were mostly scattered. The number of CD4+lymphocytes were significantly higher than CD8+lymphocytes (p<0.05). Compared with the OA group, the number of CD4+T and CD8+T lymphocytes in RA group were higher, and the ratio of CD4/CD8 was higher in RA group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the CD3, CD4 and CD8 with high level may promote the occurrence and development of RA. The ratio of CD4+/CD8+ may be used as a reference index for the diagnosis and prognosis of RA.

We report a case of a 68-year-old patient with laryngeal chondrosarcoma, whose first symptoms were hoarseness and gradually increasing dyspnoea, but there was no sign of disease in clinical examination, which postponed the diagnosis. The patient underwent complete laryngectomy and adjuvant conformal radiotherapy with a total dose of 70 Gy. The pathological assessment confirmed advanced laryngeal chondrosarcoma originating from thyroid cartilage. Imaging studies and directoscopy were performed, and they did not reveal recurrence or metastases of the disease for 6 years. Distant metastatic spread in the liver and lungs was confirmed 7 years after diagnosis, which caused hepatic insufficiency and led to death.

Introduction: The nuclear features that are thought to be classic indicators of thyroid nodules are not fully observed in core needle biopsies (CNB). The aim of this study was to evaluate the histopathological differences between CNB samples and resection sections.

Material and methods: The haematoxylin and eosin-stained CNB and resection sections of thyroid nodules were retrospectively re-evaluated in terms of nuclear and architectural parameters. The evaluations were conducted by 2 pathologists. Statistical analysis was applied in 80 selected cases diagnosed as benign (n = 37) and papillary carcinoma/suspicious for papillary carcinoma (n = 43).

Results: The nuclear findings in the CNB were more subtle than in the resection sections. The nuclei were smaller (measurements of the nuclear areas, major axes, and minor axes in CNB and resection sections were 52.62 µm2, 9.89 µm, 6.75 µm, 129.18 µm2, 14.53 µm, and 10.79 µm, respectively). Hypochromia was detected in 46.5% of the papillary carcinoma cases. Grooves and pseudoinclusions were the other nuclear features that could be detected. However, nuclear contour irregularity was the most reliable finding that could predict papillary carcinoma diagnosis in the CNB sections (v: 0.82, p < 0.001).

Conclusions: We believe that the histopathological differences we found have an important place in diagnostics and should be emphasized, and new diagnostic algorithms should be developed.

A diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumours (DLGNT) are very rare tumours of the central nervous system, typically characterized by enhancement of subarachnoid space with cystic lesions, diffuse leptomeningeal infiltration, and no primary mass. We report an atypical clinical presentation of DLGNT. A 48-year-old male was admitted to hospital with symptoms of ischaemic stroke. Magnetic resonance imaging of the head revealed contrast enhancement of the meninges and other parts of the brain. A stereotactic frame biopsy was performed on the patient, which revealed the DLGNT. Diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumours are mostly seen in individuals less than 18 years old and are characterized by slow growth and low-grade histological appearance. Diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumours can be aggressive in adults.

Clinical autopsies are performed to reveal the process of the disease that caused patient death and validate the diagnosis and treatment decisions. In pediatric clinical autopsy, the feedback provided to bereaved families has a considerable social impact; however, pediatric diseases are diverse, which makes it difficult to elucidate them. Therefore, it is necessary to employ molecular biology techniques in addition to conventional methods. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues are routinely prepared. However, clinical autopsy FFPE tissue processing is not standardized, and it is unclear whether DNA from such tissues can be used for comprehensive genomic analysis. In this study, we evaluated the DNA quality of FFPE tissues from 15 recent autopsy cases at a single-center children's hospital using quantitative polymerase chain reaction [PCR (Q129/Q41)] and nanoelectrophoresis (DNA integrity number (DIN)). Good quality DNA was obtained from every organ type excluding bone marrow within 6 days of formalin fixation. Prolonged proteinase K digestion (48 h > 24 h > 1 h) and thicker tissue sections (10 µm > 1 µm) improved Q129/Q41; however, 24 h fixed FFPE tissues showed better DNA quality. We propose an optimal and feasible workflow for storing short-term fixed FFPE tissues as DNA-preserved FFPE tissues for future comprehensive genomic searches.

Tumor cells stimulate local angiogenesis, resulting in their further multiplication and spread. Angiogenesis is a multifaceted process in which angiopoietins parti- cipate. Angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) through its receptor Tie2 stimulates endothelial cell survival and the maintenance of the endothelial barrier. These phenomena can support tumour growth by promoting angiogenesis. On the other hand, overproduction of Ang-1 triggers endothelium stability and can lead to angiogenesis inhibition. Because of the ambiguous role of Ang-1, we decided to determine its clinical significance in patients with resectable NSCLC. In a group of 47 patients, tumours and the adjacent non-cancerous tissues were assessed for ANG-1 mRNA expression (using Q-RT-PCR analysis) and Ang-1 concentration (by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) together with clinical parameters and the five-year survival rate. ANG-1 expression and Ang-1 concentration were higher in tumour-free tissue, showing no differences between histological types of NSCLC, clinical stage or grading and seemed not to determine the five-year survival. ANG-1 expression and Ang-1 concentration in tumour and tumour-free tissues in patients with NSCLC seem not to be useful as factors supporting either diagnostics or prognosis.

Glypicans (GPC) are involved in the developmental morphogenesis and regulatory processes of cell signalling. Abnormal expression has been observed in different cancer types. One hundred and thirty-seven colorectal carcinoma (CRC) and 44 nodal metastases were used to create tissue microarrays. Immunohistochemistry was done to detect and evaluate the impact of immunostaining patterns of GPC-3 protein in CRC. GPC-3 immunostaining is increased in CRC and nodal metastasis (p < 0.001) and was not association with clinicopathological parameters. GPC-3 immunostaining was associated with longer disease-free survival (p = 0.021) and overall survival (p = 0.05). For the first time, we show GPC-3 immunostaining association with survival outcomes in CRC. GPC-3 may be used as an independent prognostic factor for survival in CRC.