Physical Therapy in Sport最新文献

Home-based exercise for chronic ankle instability: A systematic review and meta-analysis of effectiveness and program characteristics 慢性踝关节不稳定的家庭运动：有效性和项目特征的系统回顾和荟萃分析

IF 2.2 3区医学 Q1 REHABILITATION

Physical Therapy in Sport

Pub Date : 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2026.101890

Yanhao Liu , Qipeng Song , Qi Wang , Xinmeng Zhang , Peixin Shen , Deepashini Harithasan , Devinder Kaur Ajit Singh

This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of home-based exercise on patient-oriented function and balance control among individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI). Literature searches were conducted in seven Databases from inception to June 9, 2025. The Risk of Bias 2.0 tool was used to assess the risk of bias, while meta-analyses and sensitivity analyses were performed using RevMan 5.3.0 and Stata 14.0 software. The GRADE approach was applied to evaluate the quality of evidence. Main outcomes included the patient-oriented function and balance control. Nine studies involving 333 participants were included. The results indicated that home-based exercise significantly improves patient-oriented function (SMD = 0.73, p < 0.001) and balance control (SMD = 0.52, p < 0.001) among individuals with CAI. No significant differences were found between home-based and supervised groups in improving patient-oriented function (SMD = −0.08, p = 0.57) or balance control (SMD = −0.11, p = 0.35). These findings provide preliminary evidence that home-based exercise may improve patient-oriented function and balance control among individuals with CAI, with effects appearing comparable to supervised exercise. However, findings are based on limited studies with low-certainty evidence and substantial heterogeneity. Well-designed randomized controlled trials are warranted to confirm these findings and establish optimal implementation.

本荟萃分析旨在评估家庭运动对慢性踝关节不稳定（CAI）患者以患者为导向的功能和平衡控制的影响。在7个数据库中进行了文献检索，从项目成立到2025年6月9日。使用Risk of Bias 2.0工具评估偏倚风险，使用RevMan 5.3.0和Stata 14.0软件进行meta分析和敏感性分析。GRADE方法用于评价证据的质量。主要结果包括以患者为中心的功能和平衡控制。其中包括9项涉及333名参与者的研究。结果表明，家庭运动显著改善CAI患者的患者导向功能（SMD = 0.73, p < 0.001）和平衡控制（SMD = 0.52, p < 0.001）。在改善病人导向功能（SMD = - 0.08, p = 0.57）或平衡控制（SMD = - 0.11, p = 0.35）方面，家庭治疗组与监督治疗组之间无显著差异。这些发现提供了初步证据，证明家庭运动可以改善CAI患者的患者导向功能和平衡控制，其效果与监督运动相当。然而，这些发现是基于有限的、低确定性证据和大量异质性的研究。有必要进行精心设计的随机对照试验来证实这些发现并建立最佳实施方案。

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引用次数: 0

Tibial bone stress injuries, pubertal stage, bone properties and muscle strength in young competitive female gymnasts – Two years follow-up 年轻竞技女子体操运动员胫骨应力损伤、青春期、骨骼特性和肌肉力量-两年随访

IF 2.2 3区医学 Q1 REHABILITATION

Physical Therapy in Sport

Pub Date : 2026-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2026.101888

Nili Steinberg , Liav Elbaz , Alon Eliakim , Dan Nemet , Gali Dar

Objectives

To examine the prevalence of young gymnasts with tibial bone-stress-injuries (BSIs) and its association with anthropometrics, pubertal-stage, bone properties, and muscle strength during two years.

Study design

Follow-up.

Setting

Gymnasium.

Participants

129 female competitive gymnasts (aged 11.6 ± 1.8yrs).

Main outcome measures

Gymnasts were clinically evaluated at baseline, after one-year (first follow-up) and after two-years (second follow-up) for BSIs, anthropometrics, training-volume, puberty, bone-status, and muscle-strength.

Results

Prevalence of BSIs was significantly higher in pre-pubertal (64.7 %) compared to entering-puberty (30.9 %) and late-pubertal gymnasts (4.4 %) (p = 0.032). Tibial-strength and muscle-strength were significantly higher in gymnasts with no-BSIs compared with those with ≥2 episodes of BSIs (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05, respectively). Significant interactions (timeXBSIs) were found for bone-status (F_{(2, 254)} = 4.296, p = 0.015), and for plantar-flexors and knee-extensors muscle-strength (p = 0.019 and p = 0.002, respectively). Nominal-regression showed that reduced tibial-strength, reduced plantar-flexors, pre-puberty and entering-puberty differentiated between participants with ≥2 episodes of BSIs and non-injured (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Pre-pubertal gymnasts had the highest prevalence of clinical-BSIs compared with entering-puberty and late-pubertal gymnasts. Reduced tibial-strength, reduced muscle-strength, and being pre- or entering-puberty were parameters associated with BSIs in two or three of the assessments. Screening gymnasts from young age and implementing injury-prevention programs may reduce bone injuries.

目的探讨两年内年轻体操运动员胫骨应力性损伤（bsi）的患病率及其与人体测量学、青春期、骨骼特性和肌肉力量的关系。研究designFollow-up.SettingGymnasium。参与者：女子竞技体操运动员129名，年龄11.6±1.8岁。主要结果测量：在基线、1年后（第一次随访）和2年后（第二次随访）对体操运动员的bsi、人体测量学、训练量、青春期、骨骼状况和肌肉力量进行临床评估。结果青春期前的bsi患病率（64.7%）明显高于进入青春期的30.9%和青春期后期的4.4% （p = 0.032）。无脑损伤的体操运动员胫骨力量和肌肉力量明显高于脑损伤≥2次的体操运动员（p <； 0.001和p <； 0.05）。在骨骼状态（F(2,254) = 4.296, p = 0.015）和跖屈肌和膝伸肌肌肉力量（p分别= 0.019和p = 0.002）之间发现了显著的相互作用（timexbsi）。名义回归显示，≥2次脑损伤和未损伤的参与者在胫骨力量、跖屈肌、青春期前和进入青春期方面存在差异（p < 0.05）。结论青春期前体操运动员临床脑损伤发生率高于进入青春期和青春期后期体操运动员。胫骨力量减少，肌肉力量减少，青春期前或进入青春期是两三个评估中与bsi相关的参数。筛选年轻的体操运动员并实施伤害预防计划可以减少骨损伤。

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引用次数: 0

Inter trial & inter session reliability of a novel reactive step back acceleration test in athletes post Achilles Tendon Repair 一种新型反应性后退加速测试在运动员跟腱修复后的试验间和训练间可靠性

IF 2.2 3区医学 Q1 REHABILITATION

Physical Therapy in Sport

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2025.12.006

David McCrea , Neil Welch , Colin Griffin , Kieran Moran , Stacey Kung , Siobhan Strike

Objectives

To assess inter session and inter trial reliability of a novel acceleration test in both healthy and injured cohorts post Achilles (AT) repair.

Design

Test – retest study.

Setting

Biomechanics laboratory.

Participants

Nineteen individuals overall. 9 injured participants post Achilles Tendon repair, 10 healthy participants.

Main outcome measures

Participants tested on two occasions, 7 days apart. The test required participants to react in a standing start to an external cue (light), and accelerate as quickly as possible through timing gates 4 m away. Spatiotemporal, kinematic and kinetic variables of the first step back during acceleration were assessed using 3D motion capture and embedded force plates.

Results

Results showed that the majority of spatiotemporal, ankle and knee specific kinetic and kinematic variables had good (ICC >0.75) to excellent (ICC >0.9) inter session reliability in both injured and healthy groups.

Conclusions

This reactive sprint acceleration assessment can be reliably used by clinicians to assess ankle and knee -specific recovery post injury and overall acceleration performance.

目的评估一种新型加速试验在跟腱（AT）修复后健康和受伤人群中的试验间和试验间可靠性。设计测试-重新测试研究。SettingBiomechanics实验室。参与者共19人。9名受伤参与者跟腱修复，10名健康参与者。主要结果测量：参与者接受两次测试，间隔7天。测试要求参与者站着开始对外部提示（灯光）做出反应，并尽可能快地加速通过4米外的计时门。利用三维运动捕捉和嵌入力板对加速过程中第一步后退的时空、运动学和动力学变量进行了评估。结果损伤组和健康组的大部分时空、踝关节和膝关节特定动力学和运动学变量均具有良好（ICC >0.75）至优异（ICC >0.9）的运动间信度。结论：这种反应性冲刺加速度评估可以可靠地用于临床医生评估踝关节和膝关节损伤后的特定恢复和整体加速性能。

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引用次数: 0

Prevention exercises for reduced incidence of ankle sprains during military infantry training 在军事步兵训练中减少踝关节扭伤发生率的预防练习

IF 2.2 3区医学 Q1 REHABILITATION

Physical Therapy in Sport

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2026.101887

Nili Steinberg , Michal Shenhar , Aharon S. Finestone , Jeremy Witchalls , Gordon Waddington , Avraham Shina , Gali Dar

Objectives

To determine the influence of stability exercises on the prevalence of ankle sprains during infantry training; and whether soldiers in the intervention (INT group) with reduced pre-induction ankle instability have a different prevalence of ankle sprains during training compared with soldiers in the control (CON group) who also exhibit reduced instability.

Design

Intervention.

Participants

Two groups of infantry males (INT, n = 421; CON, n = 365).

Main outcome

Pre-induction chronic-ankle-instability (CAI), anthropometrics, and somatosensory acuity were assessed. A physiotherapist assessed ankle-sprains that occurred during the 12-week of infantry training. The INT group performed exercises (5minX5times/week) during infantry training.

Results

The prevalence of ankle sprains was significantly lower in the INT versus the CON group (13.1 % and 24.7 %, respectively, p < 0.001). Survival analysis demonstrated lower rate of sprains for INT than for CON (p < 0.001). Soldiers with pre-induction instability (reduced somatosensory acuity, perceived-instability, recurrent ankle-sprains and CAI) who commenced training (INT) had significantly lower prevalence of ankle sprains during training compared with soldiers with reduced abilities in the CON (p < 0.001).

Conclusions

Soldiers who completed the injury prevention-program had reduced prevalence of ankle-sprains. Soldiers with reduced ankle stability at the commencement of training had a reduced chance of injury during training if undertaking static-to-dynamic exercises.

目的探讨稳定性训练对步兵训练中踝关节扭伤发生率的影响；在训练中踝关节不稳定性降低的干预组（INT组）士兵与同样表现不稳定性降低的对照组（CON组）士兵相比，踝关节扭伤的发生率是否有所不同。主要结果：对诱导前慢性踝关节不稳定（CAI）、人体测量学和体感灵敏度进行了评估。一名物理治疗师评估了在12周的步兵训练中发生的脚踝扭伤。INT组在步兵训练期间进行演习（5分钟x5次/周）。结果INT组踝关节扭伤发生率明显低于CON组（分别为13.1%和24.7%,p < 0.001）。生存分析显示INT组的扭伤率低于CON组（p < 0.001）。有诱导前不稳定（体感敏锐度降低、感觉不稳定、复发性踝关节扭伤和CAI）的士兵开始训练（INT）后，在训练期间踝关节扭伤的发生率显著低于在CON中能力降低的士兵（p < 0.001）。结论：完成损伤预防项目的士兵踝关节扭伤发生率降低。在训练开始时踝关节稳定性降低的士兵，如果进行静态到动态的训练，在训练中受伤的机会就会减少。

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引用次数: 0

Test–retest reliability of dual-task cost in neurocognitive single-leg hop and countermovement jump tests 神经认知单腿跳和反动作跳测验双任务代价的重测信度

IF 2.2 3区医学 Q1 REHABILITATION

Physical Therapy in Sport

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2026.01.001

Shunsuke Ohji, Jun-ya Aizawa

Objective

To examine test–retest reliability of single-leg anterior hop (SLH) and countermovement jump (SCMJ) with a simple visual reaction-time stimulus (LED illumination), and reliability of dual-task cost (DTC) in healthy adults.

Design

Cross-sectional reliability study.

Setting

Controlled university laboratory.

Participants

Twenty-nine college students (14 females, 15 males; 21.4 ± 1.0 years).

Methods

Participants completed two sessions 14–21 d apart. Reliability for SLH, neurocognitive SLH (N-SLH), SCMJ, neurocognitive SCMJ (N-SCMJ), reaction time, and DTC was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC₃,₁), standard error of measurement (SEM), and minimal detectable change (MDC). Bland–Altman analysis examined fixed and proportional bias.

Results

SLH distance and SCMJ height showed excellent test–retest reliability (ICC = 0.93–0.96), and reaction time showed good reliability (ICC = 0.79–0.85). DTC reliability was moderate for SLH (ICC = 0.51) and poor for SCMJ (ICC = 0.49). Bland–Altman analysis identified fixed bias for N-SCMJ height and proportional bias for SLH DTC.

Conclusion

Single-leg hop/jump performance and reaction time under a simple visual reaction-time stimulus were reproducible across sessions; however, DTC showed moderate–poor reliability. Interpretation of the proposed DTC ≤10 % threshold should be guided by SEM and MDC estimates, particularly for values near the threshold and when proportional bias is present.

目的探讨简单视觉反应时间刺激（LED照明）下健康成人单腿前跳（SLH）和反动作跳（SCMJ）的重测信度和双任务成本（DTC）的信度。设计横截面可靠性研究。受控的大学实验室。参与者：大学生29名，女14名，男15名，年龄21.4±1.0岁。方法受试者间隔14 ~ 21 d完成两个疗程。采用类内相关系数（ICC3,1）、测量标准误差（SEM）和最小可检测变化（MDC）评估SLH、神经认知SLH （N-SLH）、SCMJ、神经认知SCMJ （N-SCMJ）、反应时间和DTC的信度。Bland-Altman分析检验了固定偏差和比例偏差。结果slh距离和SCMJ高度具有良好的重测信度（ICC = 0.93 ~ 0.96），反应时间具有良好的信度（ICC = 0.79 ~ 0.85）。SLH的DTC信度中等（ICC = 0.51）， SCMJ的DTC信度较差（ICC = 0.49）。Bland-Altman分析发现N-SCMJ高度的固定偏倚和SLH DTC的比例偏倚。结论在简单的视觉反应时间刺激下，单腿跳/跳表现和反应时间具有重复性；然而，DTC表现出中等差的可靠性。建议的DTC≤10%阈值的解释应以SEM和MDC估计为指导，特别是对于接近阈值和存在比例偏差的值。

{"title":"Test–retest reliability of dual-task cost in neurocognitive single-leg hop and countermovement jump tests","authors":"Shunsuke Ohji, Jun-ya Aizawa","doi":"10.1016/j.ptsp.2026.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ptsp.2026.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To examine test–retest reliability of single-leg anterior hop (SLH) and countermovement jump (SCMJ) with a simple visual reaction-time stimulus (LED illumination), and reliability of dual-task cost (DTC) in healthy adults.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Cross-sectional reliability study.</div></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><div>Controlled university laboratory.</div></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><div>Twenty-nine college students (14 females, 15 males; 21.4 ± 1.0 years).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Participants completed two sessions 14–21 d apart. Reliability for SLH, neurocognitive SLH (N-SLH), SCMJ, neurocognitive SCMJ (N-SCMJ), reaction time, and DTC was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC<sub>3</sub>,<sub>1</sub>), standard error of measurement (SEM), and minimal detectable change (MDC). Bland–Altman analysis examined fixed and proportional bias.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>SLH distance and SCMJ height showed excellent test–retest reliability (ICC = 0.93–0.96), and reaction time showed good reliability (ICC = 0.79–0.85). DTC reliability was moderate for SLH (ICC = 0.51) and poor for SCMJ (ICC = 0.49). Bland–Altman analysis identified fixed bias for N-SCMJ height and proportional bias for SLH DTC.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Single-leg hop/jump performance and reaction time under a simple visual reaction-time stimulus were reproducible across sessions; however, DTC showed moderate–poor reliability. Interpretation of the proposed DTC ≤10 % threshold should be guided by SEM and MDC estimates, particularly for values near the threshold and when proportional bias is present.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49698,"journal":{"name":"Physical Therapy in Sport","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 101886"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145908872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of combined kinesiology taping and proprioceptive training on balance and proprioception in athletes with chronic ankle instability: A randomized controlled trial 联合运动机械贴带和本体感觉训练对慢性踝关节不稳定运动员平衡和本体感觉的影响：一项随机对照试验

IF 2.2 3区医学 Q1 REHABILITATION

Physical Therapy in Sport

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2025.12.005

Pedro Harry-Leite , Manuel Paquete , Gonçalo Araújo , Daniel Oliveira , José António Fraiz , Fernando Ribeiro

Objectives

To investigate if combining kinesiology taping (KT) with proprioceptive training improves proprioception and balance in athletes with CAI. We hypothesized that adding KT would be more effective than proprioceptive training alone.

Design

This was a two-group randomized controlled study in which both groups underwent a six-week intervention consisting of three sessions per week.

Setting

Sports/clinical training environment.

Participants

Fifty amateur athletes (mean age: 20.7 ± 3.6 years) with CAI.

Main outcome measures

Ankle joint position sense (proprioception), static balance (Balance Error Scoring System - BESS), and dynamic balance (Y-Balance Test).

Results

At baseline, no significant differences were found between groups. Following the six-week intervention (3 sessions/week), both groups showed significant improvements (p < 0.05). However, no significant between-group differences were observed for ankle position sense (MD: −0.5° [95 % CI: −1.6, 0.6], p = 0.347), Y-Balance Test (MD: 0.4 [95 % CI: −3.3, 4.1], p = 0.831), or BESS scores (MD: −2.0 [95 % CI: −5.0, 1.1], p = 0.207), indicating similar outcomes for both interventions.

Conclusions

A six-week proprioceptive program enhanced proprioception and balance in CAI athletes, but KT offered no additional benefit. Findings confirm proprioceptive exercise as a key intervention and question KT's functional value in this context.

目的探讨运动机能学贴片与本体感觉训练相结合是否能改善CAI运动员的本体感觉和平衡感。我们假设加入KT会比单独的本体感觉训练更有效。设计：这是一项两组随机对照研究，两组都进行了为期六周的干预，包括每周三次。运动/临床培训环境。参与者：50名患有CAI的业余运动员（平均年龄：20.7±3.6岁）。主要结果测量：踝关节位置感（本体感觉）、静态平衡（平衡误差评分系统- BESS）和动态平衡（Y-Balance测试）。结果在基线上，各组间无显著差异。经过6周的干预（3次/周），两组均有显著改善（p < 0.05）。然而，在踝关节位置感觉（MD: - 0.5°[95% CI: - 1.6, 0.6], p = 0.347）、Y-Balance测试（MD: 0.4 [95% CI: - 3.3, 4.1], p = 0.831）或BESS评分（MD: - 2.0 [95% CI: - 5.0, 1.1], p = 0.207）方面，组间无显著差异，表明两种干预措施的结果相似。结论为期6周的本体感觉训练可增强CAI运动员的本体感觉和平衡性，但KT没有额外的益处。研究结果证实本体感觉锻炼是关键的干预措施，并质疑KT在这种情况下的功能价值。

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引用次数: 0

Identifying factors associated with proprioceptive impairment in individuals after lateral ankle sprain: a cross-sectional study 识别与个体侧踝关节扭伤后本体感觉损伤相关的因素：一项横断面研究

IF 2.2 3区医学 Q1 REHABILITATION

Physical Therapy in Sport

Pub Date : 2025-12-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2025.12.007

Takahiro Watanabe , Eiichi Kuroyanagi , Hinata Furusawa , Masahiro Tsutsumi , Shun Numasawa , Shintarou Kudo

Objective

To investigate the validity of a stretch strain sensor–based circumduction reproduction test and identify factors associated with foot–ankle proprioceptive dysfunction in individuals with a history of lateral ankle sprain.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

University laboratory.

Participants

Seven copers and 18 patients with chronic ankle instability (CAI).

Main outcome measure

The circumduction reproduction test measured absolute error between eyes-open and eyes-closed conditions as an indicator of proprioception during ankle circumduction. Absolute errors in the sensor, shank-rearfoot and rearfoot-midfoot relative angles were measured using a three-dimensional motion analysis system. An independent t-test was used to compare errors between groups. Pearson's correlations were calculated to identify factors contributing to absolute errors, including foot joint variables, anterior displacement, subtalar joint excursion, and weight-bearing lunge test.

Results

The CAI group showed significantly greater sensor error (p = 0.025). The sensor errors significantly correlated with shank-rearfoot (r = 0.698) and rearfoot-midfoot (r = 0.760) errors. The sensor error was significantly associated with subtalar joint excursion (r = 0.667) and weight-bearing lunge test (r = −0.528).

Conclusions

The circumduction reproduction test using the stretch strain sensor enables accurate evaluation of proprioceptive impairments, with absolute errors associated with subtalar joint excursion and weight-bearing lunge test.

目的探讨基于拉伸应变传感器的环回再现试验的有效性，并确定有外侧踝关节扭伤史的个体足-踝关节本体感觉功能障碍的相关因素。DesignCross-sectional研究。SettingUniversity实验室。研究对象：慢性踝关节不稳定（CAI）患者7名和18名。主要结果测量：环术再现试验测量睁眼和闭眼之间的绝对误差，作为踝关节环术中本体感觉的指标。利用三维运动分析系统测量了传感器、小腿-后脚和后脚-中脚相对角度的绝对误差。采用独立t检验比较组间误差。计算Pearson相关性以确定导致绝对误差的因素，包括足关节变量、前移位、距下关节偏移和负重弓步试验。结果CAI组传感器误差显著高于对照组（p = 0.025）。传感器误差与小腿-后足误差（r = 0.698）和后足-中足误差（r = 0.760）显著相关。传感器误差与距下关节偏移（r = 0.667）和负重弓步试验（r =−0.528）显著相关。结论使用拉伸应变传感器的绕行再现试验能够准确评估本体感觉损伤，绝对误差与距下关节偏移和负重弓步试验有关。

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引用次数: 0

Clinical assessments are valid to grade ligament injury severity compared to ultrasound imaging in patients with acute lateral ankle sprains: a cross-sectional study 与超声成像相比，临床评估对急性踝关节外侧扭伤患者的韧带损伤严重程度分级是有效的：一项横断面研究。

IF 2.2 3区医学 Q1 REHABILITATION

Physical Therapy in Sport

Pub Date : 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2025.12.004

Jente Wagemans , Chris Bleakley , Heiner Baur , Ron Clijsen , Ahmed Amine El Oumri , Jan Taeymans , Kevin Kuppens , Dirk Vissers

Objectives

To determine accuracy of clinical examination in grading ankle ligament sprain severity, using ultrasound (US) imaging as the reference standard.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Rehabilitation centre.

Participants

Sixty-eight athletes with an acute lateral ankle sprain (LAS) (<15 days).

Main outcome measures

We performed clinical examinations to grade injury severity: anterior drawer test (ADT), talar tilt test (TTT), palpation and bruising, and patient's perception. Ultrasound imaging (US) was subsequently undertaken as reference standard. We also evaluated combinations of stress tests with palpation and bruising using a believe the negative (BTN) or positive (BTP) approach. We used Cohen's Kappa and Weighted Kappa to analyse agreement between clinical and US grading.

Results

ADT and TTT demonstrated moderate agreement with US for grading ATFL (ĸ = 0.547) and CFL injuries (ĸ = 0.507), and Palpation & bruising to grade CFL injury (ĸ = 0.529). Clustering TTT with palpation & bruising increased agreement with BTN approach (ĸ = 0.609). Patients’ perception showed slight agreement (ĸ = 0.037) with US.

Conclusion

Manual stress tests demonstrate moderate utility for grading grade ATFL and CFL injury severity; combining these tests with palpation (BTN approach) yields higher agreement. US can support more precise grading and should be implemented to enhance ligament injury severity grading after LAS.

目的：以超声（US）成像为参考标准，确定临床检查对踝关节韧带扭伤严重程度分级的准确性。设计：横断面研究。地点：康复中心。参与者：68名急性踝关节外侧扭伤（LAS）的运动员(主要结果测量：我们进行了临床检查来分级损伤严重程度：前抽屉试验（ADT），距骨倾斜试验（TTT），触诊和瘀伤，以及患者的感知。随后进行超声成像（US）作为参考标准。我们还评估了使用阴性（BTN）或阳性（BTP）方法的压力测试与触诊和瘀伤的组合。我们使用科恩Kappa和加权Kappa来分析临床和美国评分之间的一致性。结果：ADT和TTT与US对ATFL的分级（ = 0.547）和CFL损伤（ = 0.507），以及触诊和瘀伤对CFL损伤的分级（ = 0.529）具有中等一致性。TTT与触诊和瘀伤的聚类增加了与BTN方法的一致性（ = 0.609）。患者的感知与US有轻微的一致性（ = 0.037）。结论：手动压力测试对ATFL和CFL损伤严重程度的分级具有中等效用；将这些测试与触诊（BTN方法）相结合可获得更高的一致性。US可以支持更精确的分级，应用于LAS术后韧带损伤严重程度的分级。

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引用次数: 0

Diagnostic accuracy of infrared thermography and textural features in patellar tendinopathy: optimizing ROI selection in athletes 髌腱病的红外热成像和纹理特征的诊断准确性：优化运动员的ROI选择。

IF 2.2 3区医学 Q1 REHABILITATION

Physical Therapy in Sport

Pub Date : 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2025.12.003

F.J. Molina-Payá , S. Montero-Navarro , C. Orts-Ruiz , C. Salar-Andreu , J.R. Brotons-Mas , J. Sánchez-Mas

Objectives

To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of infrared thermography (IT) using temperature difference (ΔT) and gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM)-based textural parameters for detecting patellar tendinopathy (PT) in athletes, and to determine the optimal region of interest (ROI) size for analysis.

Design

Cross-sectional study following STARD criteria.

Setting

Physical therapy center with controlled environmental conditions.

Participants

54 athletes (27 with unilateral PT; 27 healthy controls).

Main outcome measures

Temperature differences (ΔT) and GLCM features (energy, homogeneity, contrast, correlation, entropy) from thermal images of tendon and knee ROIs.

Results

Athletes with PT showed higher ΔT in the tendon ROI (0.5 ± 0.36 °C vs. 0.2 ± 0.20 °C; d = 0.77; p = 0.013). Among GLCM parameters, tendon ROI correlation (TCOR) differed significantly between groups (p = 0.042). Diagnostic performance analysis identified ΔT as the best single variable (AUC 0.83; sensitivity 78 %; specificity 78 %). The ΔT + GLCM combination achieved highest accuracy for tendon ROI (AUC 0.93). The patellar tendon-specific ROI provided better discrimination than the knee ROI.

Conclusions

IRT combined with GLCM enhances PT diagnostic precision, with the tendon ROI optimal for detecting local physiological differences. This accessible multimodal approach could complement clinical diagnosis in athletes.

目的：利用温差（ΔT）和灰度共发生矩阵（GLCM）为基础的纹理参数，评价红外热像成像（IT）对运动员髌骨肌腱病变（PT）的诊断准确性，并确定最佳感兴趣区域（ROI）大小进行分析。设计：按照标准进行横断面研究。设置：环境条件可控的物理治疗中心。参与者：54名运动员（27名单侧PT患者；27名健康对照）。主要结果测量：肌腱和膝关节roi热图像的温差（ΔT）和GLCM特征（能量、均匀性、对比度、相关性、熵）。结果：PT运动员的肌腱ROI ΔT更高（0.5±0.36°C vs. 0.2±0.20°C; d = 0.77; p = 0.013）。在GLCM参数中，肌腱ROI相关性（TCOR）组间差异有统计学意义（p = 0.042）。诊断性能分析确定ΔT为最佳单变量（AUC 0.83；敏感性78%；特异性78%）。ΔT + GLCM组合对肌腱ROI的准确度最高（AUC 0.93）。髌骨肌腱特异性ROI比膝关节ROI提供更好的识别。结论：IRT联合GLCM可提高PT诊断精度，肌腱ROI最适合检测局部生理差异。这种可获得的多模式方法可以补充运动员的临床诊断。

{"title":"Diagnostic accuracy of infrared thermography and textural features in patellar tendinopathy: optimizing ROI selection in athletes","authors":"F.J. Molina-Payá , S. Montero-Navarro , C. Orts-Ruiz , C. Salar-Andreu , J.R. Brotons-Mas , J. Sánchez-Mas","doi":"10.1016/j.ptsp.2025.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ptsp.2025.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of infrared thermography (IT) using temperature difference (ΔT) and gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM)-based textural parameters for detecting patellar tendinopathy (PT) in athletes, and to determine the optimal region of interest (ROI) size for analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Cross-sectional study following STARD criteria.</div></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><div>Physical therapy center with controlled environmental conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><div>54 athletes (27 with unilateral PT; 27 healthy controls).</div></div><div><h3>Main outcome measures</h3><div>Temperature differences (ΔT) and GLCM features (energy, homogeneity, contrast, correlation, entropy) from thermal images of tendon and knee ROIs.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Athletes with PT showed higher ΔT in the tendon ROI (0.5 ± 0.36 °C vs. 0.2 ± 0.20 °C; d = 0.77; p = 0.013). Among GLCM parameters, tendon ROI correlation (TCOR) differed significantly between groups (p = 0.042). Diagnostic performance analysis identified ΔT as the best single variable (AUC 0.83; sensitivity 78 %; specificity 78 %). The ΔT + GLCM combination achieved highest accuracy for tendon ROI (AUC 0.93). The patellar tendon-specific ROI provided better discrimination than the knee ROI.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>IRT combined with GLCM enhances PT diagnostic precision, with the tendon ROI optimal for detecting local physiological differences. This accessible multimodal approach could complement clinical diagnosis in athletes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49698,"journal":{"name":"Physical Therapy in Sport","volume":"77 ","pages":"Pages 87-94"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145776864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mastering the movement, not the mind: The relationship between quality of movement and kinesiophobia after ACL reconstruction in young athletes 掌握运动，而不是思想：年轻运动员前交叉韧带重建后运动质量与运动恐惧症的关系。

IF 2.2 3区医学 Q1 REHABILITATION

Physical Therapy in Sport

Pub Date : 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2025.12.002

Lauren Butler , Alexa Martinez , Jeffrey Fernandez , Gabriel Cardenas , Margaret Wright , Dai Sugimoto

Objectives

To assess the relationship between kinesiophobia and quality of movement at return-to-sport (RTS) testing after primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) in youth athletes.

Design

Retrospective case-control.

Setting

Pediatric Hospital.

Participants

114 participants (77.2 % male; 16.1 ± 2.3 years, 10.3 ± 4.4 months post ACLR).

Main outcome measures

Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK-11), quantitative and qualitative results of RTS test including triple hop for distance (THD), triple crossover hop for distance (TCHD), and a sidestep cut (SSC).

Results

During the THD, the high kinesiophobia group demonstrated fewer significant valgus faults on the involved limb (p = 0.027) and lower propensities of stiff landing on the uninvolved limb (p = 0.030) compared to the low kinesiophobia group. The high kinesiophobia group showed fewer stiff landing errors on the involved limb during the TCHD (p = 0.031) and fewer total sagittal plane errors on the involved limb during the SSC (p = 0.012). No significant differences in limb symmetry indices were observed.

Conclusion

Participants with high kinesiophobia showed fewer quality of movement errors in both the frontal and sagittal plane at RTS testing after ACLR. Despite better movement quality, high fear may be an unresolved problem that still needs to be addressed during rehabilitation after ACLR.

目的：评估青少年运动员初级前交叉韧带重建（ACLR）后运动恐惧症与运动质量（RTS）测试的关系。设计：回顾性病例对照。工作地点：儿科医院。参与者：114名参与者（77.2%为男性，术后16.1±2.3岁，10.3±4.4个月）。主要结果测量：坦帕运动恐惧症量表（TSK-11）， RTS测试的定量和定性结果包括三跳距离（THD）、三跳距离（TCHD）和一个侧面切割（SSC）。结果：与低运动恐惧症组相比，高运动恐惧症组受感肢体明显外翻缺陷较少（p = 0.027），未受感肢体僵硬落地倾向较低（p = 0.030）。高运动恐惧症组在TCHD期间受感肢体僵硬着陆误差较少（p = 0.031），在SSC期间受感肢体总矢状面误差较少（p = 0.012）。四肢对称指数无显著差异。结论：高运动恐惧症患者在ACLR后的RTS测试中，在额位面和矢状面均表现出较少的运动错误质量。尽管有更好的运动质量，但高度恐惧可能是一个尚未解决的问题，在ACLR术后的康复过程中仍然需要解决。

{"title":"Mastering the movement, not the mind: The relationship between quality of movement and kinesiophobia after ACL reconstruction in young athletes","authors":"Lauren Butler , Alexa Martinez , Jeffrey Fernandez , Gabriel Cardenas , Margaret Wright , Dai Sugimoto","doi":"10.1016/j.ptsp.2025.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ptsp.2025.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To assess the relationship between kinesiophobia and quality of movement at return-to-sport (RTS) testing after primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) in youth athletes.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Retrospective case-control.</div></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><div>Pediatric Hospital.</div></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><div>114 participants (77.2 % male; 16.1 ± 2.3 years, 10.3 ± 4.4 months post ACLR).</div></div><div><h3>Main outcome measures</h3><div>Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK-11), quantitative and qualitative results of RTS test including triple hop for distance (THD), triple crossover hop for distance (TCHD), and a sidestep cut (SSC).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>During the THD, the high kinesiophobia group demonstrated fewer significant valgus faults on the involved limb (p = 0.027) and lower propensities of stiff landing on the uninvolved limb (p = 0.030) compared to the low kinesiophobia group. The high kinesiophobia group showed fewer stiff landing errors on the involved limb during the TCHD (p = 0.031) and fewer total sagittal plane errors on the involved limb during the SSC (p = 0.012). No significant differences in limb symmetry indices were observed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Participants with high kinesiophobia showed fewer quality of movement errors in both the frontal and sagittal plane at RTS testing after ACLR. Despite better movement quality, high fear may be an unresolved problem that still needs to be addressed during rehabilitation after ACLR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49698,"journal":{"name":"Physical Therapy in Sport","volume":"77 ","pages":"Pages 79-86"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145746510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0