Precast Concrete Construction (PCC) is a famous method in construction industry due to its different advantages. Nevertheless, this method has several discontinuous processes and they can enhance various uncertainty safety-quality issues. In this system, Building Information Modeling (BIM) technique plays a key role in managing of discontinuous processes to improve multidimensional safety and quality. Dimensionless parameters were used to evaluate the modified type of multidimensional BIM index (IMBIM) as the target index using the Modified Fuzzy Analytic Network Process (MFANP) method. In fact, the importance weight of input indices on the target was determined by the MFANP approach. The results of statistical analysis in verification step indicate that MFANP is well compatible with other approaches, so this developed method was considered as a reference point. The modified uncertainty Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) analysis was used for the validated method to determine the optimal high occurrence rate of IMBIM. The results demonstrate that a high percentage of occurrence frequency for IMBIM is in the range between 0.9 and 0.925. In this range, the mean optimal value of IMBIM as a management measure for multidimensional problems is 0.912. Stakeholders in PCC projects can use the proposed high occurrence range to assess the quality-safety of construction and make appropriate decisions.
{"title":"Evaluating the Modified Uncertainty MCMC Approach to Obtain Safety-Quality Index in PC Construction with Current Models","authors":"H. Vosoughifar, Zahra Ashtiani Araghi","doi":"10.3311/ppci.20464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppci.20464","url":null,"abstract":"Precast Concrete Construction (PCC) is a famous method in construction industry due to its different advantages. Nevertheless, this method has several discontinuous processes and they can enhance various uncertainty safety-quality issues. In this system, Building Information Modeling (BIM) technique plays a key role in managing of discontinuous processes to improve multidimensional safety and quality. Dimensionless parameters were used to evaluate the modified type of multidimensional BIM index (IMBIM) as the target index using the Modified Fuzzy Analytic Network Process (MFANP) method. In fact, the importance weight of input indices on the target was determined by the MFANP approach. The results of statistical analysis in verification step indicate that MFANP is well compatible with other approaches, so this developed method was considered as a reference point. The modified uncertainty Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) analysis was used for the validated method to determine the optimal high occurrence rate of IMBIM. The results demonstrate that a high percentage of occurrence frequency for IMBIM is in the range between 0.9 and 0.925. In this range, the mean optimal value of IMBIM as a management measure for multidimensional problems is 0.912. Stakeholders in PCC projects can use the proposed high occurrence range to assess the quality-safety of construction and make appropriate decisions.","PeriodicalId":49705,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica-Civil Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79523286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammed Habib Daoudi, A. Berrabah, A. Attia, D. Ouzandja, K. Limam
The current paper's goal is to investigate how dynamic interaction phenomena and material nonlinearities affect the dynamic behavior of a concrete gravity multi-arch dam in terms of maximum displacements, natural stresses, principal stresses, and Von Mises stresses when subjected to seismic excitation. Utilizing ANSYS APDL software, linear and nonlinear transient analysis using the finite element method was employed to analyze the interaction between the dam and its rock foundation. As a case study for this work, the multi-arch Beni-Bahdel dam was selected, and the seismic excitation used data from a simulated earthquake. The direct method is employed to model the interaction between the multi arch dam and the rock foundation using two approaches; the fixed base approach and the mass foundation approach. Six finite element models were performed using ANSYS code, “linear dam-fixed support”, “nonlinear dam-fixed support”, “linear dam-linear rock foundation” “nonlinear dam-linear rock foundation”, “nonlinear dam-nonlinear rock foundation” and “linear dam-nonlinear rock foundation”. The bilinear kinematic hardening model is employed to represent the nonlinearity of both dam body and rock foundation. The results obtained are compared to understand the effect of both material nonlinearities and interaction phenomenon on the dynamic behavior of the studied dam. In contrast to the nonlinearity of the rock foundation material, it is concluded that the nonlinearity of the concrete dam material has a significant impact on the behavior of the system.
{"title":"Effect of Material Non-linearities on the Transient Dynamic Behavior of the Beni-Bahdel Dam in the Presence of the Dam-foundation Interaction","authors":"Mohammed Habib Daoudi, A. Berrabah, A. Attia, D. Ouzandja, K. Limam","doi":"10.3311/ppci.22130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppci.22130","url":null,"abstract":"The current paper's goal is to investigate how dynamic interaction phenomena and material nonlinearities affect the dynamic behavior of a concrete gravity multi-arch dam in terms of maximum displacements, natural stresses, principal stresses, and Von Mises stresses when subjected to seismic excitation. Utilizing ANSYS APDL software, linear and nonlinear transient analysis using the finite element method was employed to analyze the interaction between the dam and its rock foundation. As a case study for this work, the multi-arch Beni-Bahdel dam was selected, and the seismic excitation used data from a simulated earthquake. The direct method is employed to model the interaction between the multi arch dam and the rock foundation using two approaches; the fixed base approach and the mass foundation approach. Six finite element models were performed using ANSYS code, “linear dam-fixed support”, “nonlinear dam-fixed support”, “linear dam-linear rock foundation” “nonlinear dam-linear rock foundation”, “nonlinear dam-nonlinear rock foundation” and “linear dam-nonlinear rock foundation”. The bilinear kinematic hardening model is employed to represent the nonlinearity of both dam body and rock foundation. The results obtained are compared to understand the effect of both material nonlinearities and interaction phenomenon on the dynamic behavior of the studied dam. In contrast to the nonlinearity of the rock foundation material, it is concluded that the nonlinearity of the concrete dam material has a significant impact on the behavior of the system.","PeriodicalId":49705,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica-Civil Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83738704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The durability of concrete incorporating cactus extract as a bio-admixture is the focus of this study, which is the first of its kind in the literature. Cactus-infused concrete is a novel type of concrete with exceptional fluidity, strength, and durability. In this project, cactus was employed as an addition to M25(3626 psi) concrete, which was designed to Indian standards. Cactus extract (1% to 9% of the total weight) was used to replace the water in the mix. In order to look into the durability properties of cactus concrete, durability experiments such as drying shrinkage test, water absorption, porosity, sorptivity, accelerated carbonation, acid, and alkalinity tests were carried out on the material. ETC concrete enhances the fluidity of the mixture, making it more workable. To determine the particle distribution in concrete, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to investigate the material. According to experimental research, polysaccharides and fats in concrete have increased their durability properties by 30% when used at their optimal level. However, a high level of durability is attained, which encourages concrete voids to be effectively filled.
{"title":"Durability Evaluation of Cactus-infused M25 Grade Concrete as a Bio-admixture","authors":"V. M, M. R, K. R, Y. K.","doi":"10.3311/ppci.22050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppci.22050","url":null,"abstract":"The durability of concrete incorporating cactus extract as a bio-admixture is the focus of this study, which is the first of its kind in the literature. Cactus-infused concrete is a novel type of concrete with exceptional fluidity, strength, and durability. In this project, cactus was employed as an addition to M25(3626 psi) concrete, which was designed to Indian standards. Cactus extract (1% to 9% of the total weight) was used to replace the water in the mix. In order to look into the durability properties of cactus concrete, durability experiments such as drying shrinkage test, water absorption, porosity, sorptivity, accelerated carbonation, acid, and alkalinity tests were carried out on the material. ETC concrete enhances the fluidity of the mixture, making it more workable. To determine the particle distribution in concrete, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to investigate the material. According to experimental research, polysaccharides and fats in concrete have increased their durability properties by 30% when used at their optimal level. However, a high level of durability is attained, which encourages concrete voids to be effectively filled.","PeriodicalId":49705,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica-Civil Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83918194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fırat Kıpçak, B. Erdil, M. Tapan, Abdulhalim Karasin
The voided reinforced concrete slab system is mainly produced with polyester foam placed mostly at the bottom of the slab. The aim of the voids is to reduce the weight of the slab. In this paper behavior of the voided reinforced concrete slabs in which voids placed at the mid-height of the slab cross-section, is examined analytically. A series of models were created to come up with a lightweight slab. Two distinct slab models were analyzed using the ABAQUS software. In the first group, slabs had three layers, in which bottom and top layers were of solid reinforced concrete, but the mid layer was of voided unreinforced concrete. In the second layer, in order to increase the contact between top and bottom layers of the slab, crossties were utilized, and the mid layer was reinforced accordingly. Since all the layers were 5 cm thick, the total thickness of the slabs were 15 cm. Slabs were 100 cm wide and 200 cm long. They were simulated the three-point bending test. Concrete damaged plasticity material model (CDPM) for concrete and elastoplastic material model for steel was selected. From the results it was found that moment capacity decreased with the increase in the volume of the voids. There was a sudden decrease in strength after reaching the yield strength in voided slab without a crosstie. In addition, crossties enabled the reduction of the weight of the slabs without significant decrease in moment capacity.
{"title":"The Effect of Voids on Flexural Capacity of Reinforced Concrete Slabs","authors":"Fırat Kıpçak, B. Erdil, M. Tapan, Abdulhalim Karasin","doi":"10.3311/ppci.21988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppci.21988","url":null,"abstract":"The voided reinforced concrete slab system is mainly produced with polyester foam placed mostly at the bottom of the slab. The aim of the voids is to reduce the weight of the slab. In this paper behavior of the voided reinforced concrete slabs in which voids placed at the mid-height of the slab cross-section, is examined analytically. A series of models were created to come up with a lightweight slab. Two distinct slab models were analyzed using the ABAQUS software. In the first group, slabs had three layers, in which bottom and top layers were of solid reinforced concrete, but the mid layer was of voided unreinforced concrete. In the second layer, in order to increase the contact between top and bottom layers of the slab, crossties were utilized, and the mid layer was reinforced accordingly. Since all the layers were 5 cm thick, the total thickness of the slabs were 15 cm. Slabs were 100 cm wide and 200 cm long. They were simulated the three-point bending test. Concrete damaged plasticity material model (CDPM) for concrete and elastoplastic material model for steel was selected. From the results it was found that moment capacity decreased with the increase in the volume of the voids. There was a sudden decrease in strength after reaching the yield strength in voided slab without a crosstie. In addition, crossties enabled the reduction of the weight of the slabs without significant decrease in moment capacity.","PeriodicalId":49705,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica-Civil Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79955992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Severe droughts of 2022 in Europe raise the question if one has sufficient knowledge and tools to predict and prevent such events. Analysis of 40 years of meteorological data for Hungary between 1981 and 2020 confirms significant upward trends with p = 0.05 in temperature, relative humidity, and net radiation. Shortwave net radiation has increased by 89.6 mm in water equivalent. Estimates of land evaporation and reference evapotranspiration also show a significantly increasing trend. The gap between them is widening with a significant trend in northeast Hungary. The demand (reference evapotranspiration) is increasing by 2.23 ± 0.3 mm yr–1, while supply (land evaporation) by 1.64 ± 0.2 mm yr–1. The opening gap can be interpreted as a decreasing stability of the energy distribution system, where water is the dominant energy transfer medium for climatic energy. This change could lead to an increased risk of droughts, a symptom of system underperformance. The climatic energy distribution process – a key environmental service - is shifting to a new operating point where more water would be needed to transport energy. These trends call for a process capability approach. Desertification cannot be stopped by chasing water use efficiency and using less water, but vice versa: water scarcity can only be eliminated by ensuring that there is sufficient water available for evapotranspiration. This will raise the priority for initiatives to design and implement a wide range of preventing actions, such as nature-based solutions and water retention measures.
2022年欧洲的严重干旱引发了一个问题，即人们是否有足够的知识和工具来预测和预防此类事件。对匈牙利1981年至2020年40年气象资料的分析证实，温度、相对湿度和净辐射有显著的上升趋势，p = 0.05。短波净辐射增加了89.6毫米水当量。土地蒸发量和参考蒸散量的估计值也显示出显著增加的趋势。他们之间的差距正在扩大，匈牙利东北部的趋势尤为明显。需求(参考蒸散)增加2.23±0.3 mm /年，供应(土地蒸发)增加1.64±0.2 mm /年。开放的缺口可以解释为能量分配系统稳定性的下降，其中水是气候能量的主要能量转移媒介。这种变化可能导致干旱的风险增加，这是系统表现不佳的一个症状。气候能源分配过程——一项关键的环境服务——正在转向一个新的操作点，即需要更多的水来运输能源。这些趋势需要过程能力方法。追求用水效率和减少用水不能阻止荒漠化，反之亦然:只有确保有足够的水用于蒸发蒸腾才能消除缺水。这将提高设计和实施各种预防行动的优先级，例如基于自然的解决方案和保水措施。
{"title":"Widening Gap of Land Evaporation to Reference Evapotranspiration Implies Increasing Vulnerability to Droughts in Hungary","authors":"László Báder, J. Szilágyi","doi":"10.3311/ppci.21836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppci.21836","url":null,"abstract":"Severe droughts of 2022 in Europe raise the question if one has sufficient knowledge and tools to predict and prevent such events. Analysis of 40 years of meteorological data for Hungary between 1981 and 2020 confirms significant upward trends with p = 0.05 in temperature, relative humidity, and net radiation. Shortwave net radiation has increased by 89.6 mm in water equivalent. Estimates of land evaporation and reference evapotranspiration also show a significantly increasing trend. The gap between them is widening with a significant trend in northeast Hungary. The demand (reference evapotranspiration) is increasing by 2.23 ± 0.3 mm yr–1, while supply (land evaporation) by 1.64 ± 0.2 mm yr–1. The opening gap can be interpreted as a decreasing stability of the energy distribution system, where water is the dominant energy transfer medium for climatic energy. This change could lead to an increased risk of droughts, a symptom of system underperformance. The climatic energy distribution process – a key environmental service - is shifting to a new operating point where more water would be needed to transport energy. These trends call for a process capability approach. Desertification cannot be stopped by chasing water use efficiency and using less water, but vice versa: water scarcity can only be eliminated by ensuring that there is sufficient water available for evapotranspiration. This will raise the priority for initiatives to design and implement a wide range of preventing actions, such as nature-based solutions and water retention measures.","PeriodicalId":49705,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica-Civil Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78354547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Seyed Amir Hashemi Amiri, Gholamreza Ghodrati Amiri, Maysam Ghasemi Naghibdehi, M. Afzalirad
In this research, in addition to ensuring the accuracy of the numerical simulations, a 3D reinforced concrete column is numerically modeled in three conditions, including a non-retrofitted state, as well as two states retrofitted with steel plates and CFRP. The coupled temperature-displacement analysis of these columns is conducted under cyclic lateral loading in various heat levels, and the effects of both the retrofits and heat on the cyclic lateral behavior of the columns are studied and compared. According to the results of the study, with temperature rise, both lateral forces and energies increase in the non-retrofitted column, the column retrofitted with steel plates, and the column retrofitted with FRP. This is even more significant at 500°C, particularly in retrofitted columns with steel plates. Besides, retrofitting the columns with steel plates (compared to FRP plates) causes a more substantial increase in the heat sensitivity of the column during cyclic lateral loading.
{"title":"The Effects of Heat on the Cyclic Behavior of Retrofitted Concrete Columns (by Steel Plates and CFRP)","authors":"Seyed Amir Hashemi Amiri, Gholamreza Ghodrati Amiri, Maysam Ghasemi Naghibdehi, M. Afzalirad","doi":"10.3311/ppci.21806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppci.21806","url":null,"abstract":"In this research, in addition to ensuring the accuracy of the numerical simulations, a 3D reinforced concrete column is numerically modeled in three conditions, including a non-retrofitted state, as well as two states retrofitted with steel plates and CFRP. The coupled temperature-displacement analysis of these columns is conducted under cyclic lateral loading in various heat levels, and the effects of both the retrofits and heat on the cyclic lateral behavior of the columns are studied and compared. According to the results of the study, with temperature rise, both lateral forces and energies increase in the non-retrofitted column, the column retrofitted with steel plates, and the column retrofitted with FRP. This is even more significant at 500°C, particularly in retrofitted columns with steel plates. Besides, retrofitting the columns with steel plates (compared to FRP plates) causes a more substantial increase in the heat sensitivity of the column during cyclic lateral loading.","PeriodicalId":49705,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica-Civil Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72543718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Bányai, István Bozsó, E. Szűcs, K. Gribovszki, V. Wesztergom
Geodetic/geodynamic benchmarks, equipped with both ascending and descending radar corner reflectors, and a method for integrated InSAR and GNSS/GPS network observation were developed and applied as the continuation of the former geodetic monitoring at the Dunaszekcső landslide, Hungary. The attempts to apply InSAR technologies using archive and Sentinel-1 data practically failed on the most intensive landside areas (“Vár” and “Szent János” hills), where proper persistent or distributed scatterers were not found. Our concept solved this problem, where the Simple Look Complex (SLC) images are used to interpolate the movements between two GNSS network observations using the integrated benchmarks and the method of Kalman-filtering. Since the InSAR line-of-sight (LOS) changes are barely sensitive to the north movements, this information is essentially provided by GNSS measurement alone, moreover, the GNSS measurements are used to: a) identify the benchmarks, b) detect the unwrapping errors and missing cycles and c) provide the boundary values of Kalman-filtering.After the installation of benchmarks three GPS observations were carried out and 69 ascending and 61 descending Sentinel-1 A and B images were processed. The data processing properly indicated the general movement history, which fit the curves of former geodetic observations, as well. The dense data points of the East and Up (vertical) components made possible more detailed geomorphologic interpretations of the ongoing process between two GPS observations. During the investigated periods the deceleration of movements was experienced, however, the deceleration of the dormant state needs the continuation of the monitoring.
{"title":"Monitoring Strategy of Geological Hazards Using Integrated Three-dimensional InSAR and GNSS Technologies with Case Study","authors":"L. Bányai, István Bozsó, E. Szűcs, K. Gribovszki, V. Wesztergom","doi":"10.3311/ppci.20009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppci.20009","url":null,"abstract":"Geodetic/geodynamic benchmarks, equipped with both ascending and descending radar corner reflectors, and a method for integrated InSAR and GNSS/GPS network observation were developed and applied as the continuation of the former geodetic monitoring at the Dunaszekcső landslide, Hungary. The attempts to apply InSAR technologies using archive and Sentinel-1 data practically failed on the most intensive landside areas (“Vár” and “Szent János” hills), where proper persistent or distributed scatterers were not found. Our concept solved this problem, where the Simple Look Complex (SLC) images are used to interpolate the movements between two GNSS network observations using the integrated benchmarks and the method of Kalman-filtering. Since the InSAR line-of-sight (LOS) changes are barely sensitive to the north movements, this information is essentially provided by GNSS measurement alone, moreover, the GNSS measurements are used to: a) identify the benchmarks, b) detect the unwrapping errors and missing cycles and c) provide the boundary values of Kalman-filtering.After the installation of benchmarks three GPS observations were carried out and 69 ascending and 61 descending Sentinel-1 A and B images were processed. The data processing properly indicated the general movement history, which fit the curves of former geodetic observations, as well. The dense data points of the East and Up (vertical) components made possible more detailed geomorphologic interpretations of the ongoing process between two GPS observations. During the investigated periods the deceleration of movements was experienced, however, the deceleration of the dormant state needs the continuation of the monitoring.","PeriodicalId":49705,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica-Civil Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73782788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the current study, the effects of infilled reinforced concrete (RC) frames with different window and door openings under cyclic loads were investigated. For this purpose, five in-filled RC frames with different infill wall openings were produced. The main parameters to evaluate overall performance of the RC frames with infill walls, the load carrying capacities, displacement ductility, stiffness degradation and energy dissipation capacities were determined using obtained results. At the end of the study, even if the opening ratios are the equal, it has been observed that the location and number of openings have a significant effect on the behavior and failure pattern of the RC frames. Also, increase in the openings ratio decreases the load carrying capacity, and energy consumption capacity. Based on these results, it is suggested that infill walls affect the structural behavior and failure pattern. Therefore, infill wall openings should be considered in the design of RC structures.
{"title":"Effects of Different Wall Openings on the Cyclic Behavior of Aerated Concrete Block Infilled RC Frames","authors":"Batuhan Aykanat, M. Arslan, Anıl Şen","doi":"10.3311/ppci.21798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppci.21798","url":null,"abstract":"In the current study, the effects of infilled reinforced concrete (RC) frames with different window and door openings under cyclic loads were investigated. For this purpose, five in-filled RC frames with different infill wall openings were produced. The main parameters to evaluate overall performance of the RC frames with infill walls, the load carrying capacities, displacement ductility, stiffness degradation and energy dissipation capacities were determined using obtained results. At the end of the study, even if the opening ratios are the equal, it has been observed that the location and number of openings have a significant effect on the behavior and failure pattern of the RC frames. Also, increase in the openings ratio decreases the load carrying capacity, and energy consumption capacity. Based on these results, it is suggested that infill walls affect the structural behavior and failure pattern. Therefore, infill wall openings should be considered in the design of RC structures.","PeriodicalId":49705,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica-Civil Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85163943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abdelsemi Taibi, B. Rouissat, M. Matallah, N. Smail
The control of thermal cracks induced by the effect of early age are the main concerns in concrete dam during the construction stage. Despite its importance, detailed thermal analysis of concrete gravity dams during the construction period is relatively rarely in the literature, eventually because prediction the behavior of concrete gravity dam on early stage requires taking into account the several phenomena and interaction, demands a considerable computational effort. To overcome this drawback, the present paper proposes a numerical modeling strategy to predict the thermo-mechanical behavior of concrete gravity dams during construction periods considering the effect of early age and the construction schedule. The proposed strategy is also used to study the effect of pre-cooling methods on the thermal-mechanical fields on concrete gravity dam during construction process. For this purpose, a Chemo-Thermo-Mechanical model is developed for predicting the behavior of a gravity dam at early stages. Firstly, temperature field model was established and verified with the results reported in the literature. Furthermore, the thermo-mechanical behavior of a concrete gravity dam is performed for two configurations: Early age state with pre-cooling and early age without pre-cooling. Thermal stress analysis was also conducted and results showed that the greatest tensile stresses after construction are developed at the heel of dams and resumption of concreting interface due to the internal restraint imposed by the concrete. The numerical results showed that the pre-cooling methods is an effective way to reduce both the hydration temperature and tensile stress induced by the effect of early age.
{"title":"Numerical Modeling of Early-age Effects on the Mechanical Behavior of Concrete Gravity Dams","authors":"Abdelsemi Taibi, B. Rouissat, M. Matallah, N. Smail","doi":"10.3311/ppci.21803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppci.21803","url":null,"abstract":"The control of thermal cracks induced by the effect of early age are the main concerns in concrete dam during the construction stage. Despite its importance, detailed thermal analysis of concrete gravity dams during the construction period is relatively rarely in the literature, eventually because prediction the behavior of concrete gravity dam on early stage requires taking into account the several phenomena and interaction, demands a considerable computational effort. To overcome this drawback, the present paper proposes a numerical modeling strategy to predict the thermo-mechanical behavior of concrete gravity dams during construction periods considering the effect of early age and the construction schedule. The proposed strategy is also used to study the effect of pre-cooling methods on the thermal-mechanical fields on concrete gravity dam during construction process. For this purpose, a Chemo-Thermo-Mechanical model is developed for predicting the behavior of a gravity dam at early stages. Firstly, temperature field model was established and verified with the results reported in the literature. Furthermore, the thermo-mechanical behavior of a concrete gravity dam is performed for two configurations: Early age state with pre-cooling and early age without pre-cooling. Thermal stress analysis was also conducted and results showed that the greatest tensile stresses after construction are developed at the heel of dams and resumption of concreting interface due to the internal restraint imposed by the concrete. The numerical results showed that the pre-cooling methods is an effective way to reduce both the hydration temperature and tensile stress induced by the effect of early age.","PeriodicalId":49705,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica-Civil Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74983559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The utilization of recycled aggregates and various industrial by-products is considered a sustainable strategy in the concrete industry. In this study, the effect of the maximum size of recycled coarse aggregate and the cementitious binder content on fresh and hardened properties of self-compacting concrete was investigated. Self-compacting concretes with maximum aggregate sizes of 9.5 mm, 12.5 mm, and 19 mm were prepared at water-to-binder ratios of 0.39, 0.42, and 0.45, respectively. For all mixtures, 100% recycled aggregate was used as coarse aggregate and 60% of cement was replaced by industrial by-products, i.e., fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag. The tests included slump flow, air content, hardened density, compressive strength, elastic modulus, and splitting tensile strength. The results showed that the increase in maximum aggregate size and binder content tended to improve both fresh and hardened properties of self-compacting concrete.
{"title":"Effect of Maximum Aggregate Size and Powder Content on the Properties of Self-compacting Recycled Aggregate Concrete","authors":"N. Kim, Jeonghyun Kim","doi":"10.3311/ppci.20407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppci.20407","url":null,"abstract":"The utilization of recycled aggregates and various industrial by-products is considered a sustainable strategy in the concrete industry. In this study, the effect of the maximum size of recycled coarse aggregate and the cementitious binder content on fresh and hardened properties of self-compacting concrete was investigated. Self-compacting concretes with maximum aggregate sizes of 9.5 mm, 12.5 mm, and 19 mm were prepared at water-to-binder ratios of 0.39, 0.42, and 0.45, respectively. For all mixtures, 100% recycled aggregate was used as coarse aggregate and 60% of cement was replaced by industrial by-products, i.e., fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag. The tests included slump flow, air content, hardened density, compressive strength, elastic modulus, and splitting tensile strength. The results showed that the increase in maximum aggregate size and binder content tended to improve both fresh and hardened properties of self-compacting concrete.","PeriodicalId":49705,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica-Civil Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78324690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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