To provide safety to users and not disturb traffic flow, autonomous vehicles in shared on-demand mobility services cannot stop everywhere; thus, pick-up and drop-off (PUDO) spots must be dedicated or established for them. Our research objective is to propose a method to locate the PUDO spots for shared autonomous vehicle-based mobility services as this topic has been barely studied. The number of required PUDO spots is calculated, and the location is chosen considering the urban environment, walking radius, vehicle occupancy, and time for boarding and alighting among other parameters. Different from some methods applied to shared mobility, we consider the existing infrastructure (e.g., parking spaces) as potential locations for PUDO spots. The method is applied to a study case, demonstrating the applicability and providing the main findings: (i) the required number of PUDO spots decreases if willingness to walk increases; (ii) with a 3-min walking radius, 83% of curbside parking spaces can be repurposed, and 100% is reached with a 10-min walking radius; (iii) the minimum of 55% of curbside parking spaces can be repurposed with 10-min walking radius and without locating PUDO spots in private parking. Using our method, cities can determine the quantity of PUDO spots and their locations, being prepared in advance for the required changes in the existing infrastructure as well as the freed-up space to be repurposed.
{"title":"Locating Method for Pick-up and Drop-off Spots for Shared Autonomous Vehicle-based Mobility Services","authors":"Dahlen Silva, Csaba Csiszár","doi":"10.3311/ppci.22541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppci.22541","url":null,"abstract":"To provide safety to users and not disturb traffic flow, autonomous vehicles in shared on-demand mobility services cannot stop everywhere; thus, pick-up and drop-off (PUDO) spots must be dedicated or established for them. Our research objective is to propose a method to locate the PUDO spots for shared autonomous vehicle-based mobility services as this topic has been barely studied. The number of required PUDO spots is calculated, and the location is chosen considering the urban environment, walking radius, vehicle occupancy, and time for boarding and alighting among other parameters. Different from some methods applied to shared mobility, we consider the existing infrastructure (e.g., parking spaces) as potential locations for PUDO spots. The method is applied to a study case, demonstrating the applicability and providing the main findings: (i) the required number of PUDO spots decreases if willingness to walk increases; (ii) with a 3-min walking radius, 83% of curbside parking spaces can be repurposed, and 100% is reached with a 10-min walking radius; (iii) the minimum of 55% of curbside parking spaces can be repurposed with 10-min walking radius and without locating PUDO spots in private parking. Using our method, cities can determine the quantity of PUDO spots and their locations, being prepared in advance for the required changes in the existing infrastructure as well as the freed-up space to be repurposed.","PeriodicalId":49705,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica-Civil Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136308729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The double strap joint splicing of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars for reinforced concrete (RC) beams strengthening, applying the near surface mounting (NSM) method, has been proposed in the paper. The proposed method consists of application of the supplementary GFRP bars symmetrically positioned in the cut-off zone of the main GFRP reinforcement. The performances of this splicing method have been experimentally tested for the most unfavorable case of the GFRP reinforcement cut-off in the maximal bending moment zones. During the experiment, the varied parameter has been overlapping length of the bars, taking values of 20∅ and 40∅. Evaluation of the splicing technique is done comparing the experimental results with the results of the behavior of beams strengthened by GFRP bars without cut-off and with cut-off, but without splicing. Experimental research encompassed analysis of strength, stiffness, ductility, crack pattern, strains in the steel, GFRP reinforcement and concrete, and the failure modes of the beams. It has been shown that in case of the cut-off of the GFRP bar, strengthening effectivity decreases for 39%, and that in the case of bypassing the cut-off using double strap 20∅ and 40∅ long, strengthening effectivity decreased 23%, and 14% respectively, compared to the beam without GFRP bar cut-off. Using extrapolation, it has been shown that double strap with length of 60∅ provided strength equivalent to the case without cut-off. The result of application of this splicing method of the additional GFRP bars is significant increase of strength and serviceability of the strengthened RC beams.
{"title":"Experimental Analysis of an Innovative Double Strap Joint Splicing of GFRP Bars by NSM Methods for Strengthening RC Beams","authors":"Slobodan Ranković, Radomir Folić, Andrija Zorić, Todor Vacev, Žarko Petrović, Dušan Kovačević","doi":"10.3311/ppci.22681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppci.22681","url":null,"abstract":"The double strap joint splicing of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars for reinforced concrete (RC) beams strengthening, applying the near surface mounting (NSM) method, has been proposed in the paper. The proposed method consists of application of the supplementary GFRP bars symmetrically positioned in the cut-off zone of the main GFRP reinforcement. The performances of this splicing method have been experimentally tested for the most unfavorable case of the GFRP reinforcement cut-off in the maximal bending moment zones. During the experiment, the varied parameter has been overlapping length of the bars, taking values of 20∅ and 40∅. Evaluation of the splicing technique is done comparing the experimental results with the results of the behavior of beams strengthened by GFRP bars without cut-off and with cut-off, but without splicing. Experimental research encompassed analysis of strength, stiffness, ductility, crack pattern, strains in the steel, GFRP reinforcement and concrete, and the failure modes of the beams. It has been shown that in case of the cut-off of the GFRP bar, strengthening effectivity decreases for 39%, and that in the case of bypassing the cut-off using double strap 20∅ and 40∅ long, strengthening effectivity decreased 23%, and 14% respectively, compared to the beam without GFRP bar cut-off. Using extrapolation, it has been shown that double strap with length of 60∅ provided strength equivalent to the case without cut-off. The result of application of this splicing method of the additional GFRP bars is significant increase of strength and serviceability of the strengthened RC beams.","PeriodicalId":49705,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica-Civil Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135202520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rahim Mortezaei, Seyed Davoud Mohammadi, Vahab Sarfarazi, Reza Bahrami
In the present study, the effects of angle and brittleness of interlayers on the shear failure behavior of notched bedding rock have been scrutinized using experimental shear tests and particle flow code (PFC) simulation. Notched bedding models with dimensions of 20 cm × 24 cm × 5 cm containing soft interlayer and hard interlayer were prepared. The ratio of compressive strength to tensile strength in soft gypsum and hard gypsum are 12 and 7.8, respectively. The layer angel changed from 0° to 90° with an increment of 15°. The lengths of notches in each model are similar and were equal to 20 mm, 40 mm, and 60 mm. Models were tested by Punch shear by displacement loading rates of 0.05 mm/min. Results showed that pure tensile fracture was developed from the tip of the notch, and propagated in the direction of the shear loading axis till coalescence with the model boundary. Whereas soft brittle gypsum has less deformability in comparison to hard ductile gypsum therefore the continuity of shear displacement associated with crack growth in soft interlayer was less than that in hard interlayer. Also, soft brittle gypsum has less shear strength in comparison to hard ductile gypsum therefore the shear strength of bedding rock has maximum value when hard ductile gypsum was occupied more percentage of shear surfaces. The failure mechanism was alike in both the numerical simulation and the experimental test.
本文采用实验剪切试验和颗粒流程序(PFC)模拟研究了夹层角度和脆性对缺口层理岩石剪切破坏行为的影响。制备了尺寸为20 cm × 24 cm × 5 cm、含软夹层和硬夹层的缺口层理模型。软石膏和硬石膏的抗压强度与抗拉强度之比分别为12和7.8。层角从0°变为90°，增量为15°。每个型号的缺口长度相似，分别为20mm、40mm和60mm。以0.05 mm/min的位移加载速率对模型进行冲剪试验。结果表明:纯拉伸断裂从缺口尖端开始，沿剪切加载轴方向扩展，直至与模型边界合并;而软脆石膏的变形能力比硬韧性石膏小，因此软质夹层中与裂纹扩展相关的剪切位移的连续性小于硬质夹层。软脆石膏的抗剪强度小于硬延性石膏，因此当硬延性石膏在剪切面中所占比例较大时，顺层岩的抗剪强度最大。数值模拟结果与试验结果的破坏机理一致。
{"title":"The Influence of Brittleness of Interlayers on the Failure Behavior of Bedding Rock; Experimental Test and Particle Flow Code Simulation","authors":"Rahim Mortezaei, Seyed Davoud Mohammadi, Vahab Sarfarazi, Reza Bahrami","doi":"10.3311/ppci.23023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppci.23023","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, the effects of angle and brittleness of interlayers on the shear failure behavior of notched bedding rock have been scrutinized using experimental shear tests and particle flow code (PFC) simulation. Notched bedding models with dimensions of 20 cm × 24 cm × 5 cm containing soft interlayer and hard interlayer were prepared. The ratio of compressive strength to tensile strength in soft gypsum and hard gypsum are 12 and 7.8, respectively. The layer angel changed from 0° to 90° with an increment of 15°. The lengths of notches in each model are similar and were equal to 20 mm, 40 mm, and 60 mm. Models were tested by Punch shear by displacement loading rates of 0.05 mm/min. Results showed that pure tensile fracture was developed from the tip of the notch, and propagated in the direction of the shear loading axis till coalescence with the model boundary. Whereas soft brittle gypsum has less deformability in comparison to hard ductile gypsum therefore the continuity of shear displacement associated with crack growth in soft interlayer was less than that in hard interlayer. Also, soft brittle gypsum has less shear strength in comparison to hard ductile gypsum therefore the shear strength of bedding rock has maximum value when hard ductile gypsum was occupied more percentage of shear surfaces. The failure mechanism was alike in both the numerical simulation and the experimental test.","PeriodicalId":49705,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica-Civil Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135203170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Continuously operating reference stations (CORS) provide augmentation services for the highly accurate, cm-level GNSS positioning needs of land surveyors, agriculture, and even autonomous vehicles. These stations have accurate coordinates, thus they can be used to estimate the signal delay caused by the neutral atmosphere including the atmospheric water vapor. The estimated zenith wet delay (ZWD) is in a close correlation with the integrated water vapor in the atmospheric column. Since a ground station tracks several satellites at every epoch, one could also estimate the slant tropospheric delays, which can provide information on the spatial distribution of the atmospheric water vapor, too. This paper introduces a near real-time multi-GNSS processing approach to estimate slant wet tropospheric delays and a coupled tomographic reconstruction technique to estimate the 3D wet refractivity model that can be assimilated in numerical weather models. The estimated zenith tropospheric delays (ZTDs) and tropospheric gradients are used to restore the slant wet delays (SWD) affecting the observed satellite-receiver range. The SWDs are used as input for a tomographic reconstruction algorithm providing the wet refractivities in a pre-defined voxel model. The derived refractivity profiles have been validated with radiosonde observations. The results show that our GNSS tomography approach could reconstruct the refractivities with the uncertainty of 10 ppm below 3 km of altitude and of 0.3 ppm at the altitude of 10 km in terms of standard deviation.
{"title":"Tomographic Reconstruction of Atmospheric Water Vapor Profiles Using Multi-GNSS Observations","authors":"Bence Turák, Abir Khaldi, Szabolcs Rózsa","doi":"10.3311/ppci.20559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppci.20559","url":null,"abstract":"Continuously operating reference stations (CORS) provide augmentation services for the highly accurate, cm-level GNSS positioning needs of land surveyors, agriculture, and even autonomous vehicles. These stations have accurate coordinates, thus they can be used to estimate the signal delay caused by the neutral atmosphere including the atmospheric water vapor. The estimated zenith wet delay (ZWD) is in a close correlation with the integrated water vapor in the atmospheric column. Since a ground station tracks several satellites at every epoch, one could also estimate the slant tropospheric delays, which can provide information on the spatial distribution of the atmospheric water vapor, too. This paper introduces a near real-time multi-GNSS processing approach to estimate slant wet tropospheric delays and a coupled tomographic reconstruction technique to estimate the 3D wet refractivity model that can be assimilated in numerical weather models. The estimated zenith tropospheric delays (ZTDs) and tropospheric gradients are used to restore the slant wet delays (SWD) affecting the observed satellite-receiver range. The SWDs are used as input for a tomographic reconstruction algorithm providing the wet refractivities in a pre-defined voxel model. The derived refractivity profiles have been validated with radiosonde observations. The results show that our GNSS tomography approach could reconstruct the refractivities with the uncertainty of 10 ppm below 3 km of altitude and of 0.3 ppm at the altitude of 10 km in terms of standard deviation.","PeriodicalId":49705,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica-Civil Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135437052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study examined the use of clay brick powder (CBP) as a partial substitute for cement in mortar mixes. Five mixes were tested, each differing by the fineness of the CBP, obtained by grinding brick waste for different durations (30, 60, 90, 120 minutes). Several parameters were evaluated; apparent density, porosity, spread, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), flexural and compressive strength, and the pozzolanic activity index. The results indicate that, when the brick powder is ground for 60 minutes, the spread of the mortar exceeds 95% compared to the reference mortar. The addition of CBP appears to increase the water absorption and porosity of the mortars, without significantly influencing their apparent density. Most samples have a UPV close to 4000m/s, attesting to satisfactory mechanical properties. The use of 20% CBP in replacement of cement leads to a decrease in flexural strength. However, this drop is less when the specific surface area of the CBP is close to that of cement. As for compressive strength, a decrease is also noted with the introduction of CBP, but this decrease can be mitigated by using CBP with a specific surface area similar to that of cement. These factors can significantly influence the pozzolanic activity of the mortar mix. Furthermore, our investigations into environmental and economic analyses show that the use of cement mixes including CBP results in a significant decrease in energy consumption and CO2 emissions. More specifically, the replacement of 20% of cement with CBP of different granulometries has led to promising results.
{"title":"The Impact of Brick Powder Specific Surface Area on Cement Replacement in Mortar Mixes: A Sustainable and Cost-effective Solution for the Construction Industry","authors":"Somaya Ben Abbou, Issam Aalil, Khalid Cherkaoui","doi":"10.3311/ppci.22643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppci.22643","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the use of clay brick powder (CBP) as a partial substitute for cement in mortar mixes. Five mixes were tested, each differing by the fineness of the CBP, obtained by grinding brick waste for different durations (30, 60, 90, 120 minutes). Several parameters were evaluated; apparent density, porosity, spread, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), flexural and compressive strength, and the pozzolanic activity index. The results indicate that, when the brick powder is ground for 60 minutes, the spread of the mortar exceeds 95% compared to the reference mortar. The addition of CBP appears to increase the water absorption and porosity of the mortars, without significantly influencing their apparent density. Most samples have a UPV close to 4000m/s, attesting to satisfactory mechanical properties. The use of 20% CBP in replacement of cement leads to a decrease in flexural strength. However, this drop is less when the specific surface area of the CBP is close to that of cement. As for compressive strength, a decrease is also noted with the introduction of CBP, but this decrease can be mitigated by using CBP with a specific surface area similar to that of cement. These factors can significantly influence the pozzolanic activity of the mortar mix. Furthermore, our investigations into environmental and economic analyses show that the use of cement mixes including CBP results in a significant decrease in energy consumption and CO2 emissions. More specifically, the replacement of 20% of cement with CBP of different granulometries has led to promising results.","PeriodicalId":49705,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica-Civil Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135878734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Huili Wang, Dequan An, Feng Nie, Hangshuai Zhao, Chunli Xu
The focus of this study is on the shrinkage differences between new and old concrete, which can cause cracks at the bonding surface of the interface. The effects of various factors on shrinkage, such as the content of shrinkage reducing admixtures (SRA) the content of basalt fibers (BF) and the roughness at the new-to-old concrete interface (RI) are also examined. In this research, nine groups old-new concrete composite specimens were tested for shrinkage to gather experimental data. The restrained shrinkage mechanical model (RSMM) was deduced, and the restrained shrinkage model based on grey correlation analysis (RMGC) was proposed. The effectiveness and convenience of both prediction methods were evaluated by comparing their results to the experimental data. It was determined that the RMGC was more effective and convenient. Additionally, the research found that as the content of SRA and BF increases, shrinkage decreases. The effect of SRA was found to be more significant. As RI increases, shrinkage undergoes an initial increase and then decreases. The study can be used to inform the design and construction of structures that use both new and old concrete.
{"title":"Prediction of Restrained Shrinkage of New-to-old Concrete Interface","authors":"Huili Wang, Dequan An, Feng Nie, Hangshuai Zhao, Chunli Xu","doi":"10.3311/ppci.22430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppci.22430","url":null,"abstract":"The focus of this study is on the shrinkage differences between new and old concrete, which can cause cracks at the bonding surface of the interface. The effects of various factors on shrinkage, such as the content of shrinkage reducing admixtures (SRA) the content of basalt fibers (BF) and the roughness at the new-to-old concrete interface (RI) are also examined. In this research, nine groups old-new concrete composite specimens were tested for shrinkage to gather experimental data. The restrained shrinkage mechanical model (RSMM) was deduced, and the restrained shrinkage model based on grey correlation analysis (RMGC) was proposed. The effectiveness and convenience of both prediction methods were evaluated by comparing their results to the experimental data. It was determined that the RMGC was more effective and convenient. Additionally, the research found that as the content of SRA and BF increases, shrinkage decreases. The effect of SRA was found to be more significant. As RI increases, shrinkage undergoes an initial increase and then decreases. The study can be used to inform the design and construction of structures that use both new and old concrete.","PeriodicalId":49705,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica-Civil Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135980897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study is a contribution to the valorization of natural fiber, which improve sustainability by substituting non-renewable raw materials by natural renewable resources. In this work, the fabrication and investigation of composite date palm fiber reinforced epoxy (DPFE) and compare it with an unreinforced epoxy resin (ER). One volume fraction, 10% by volume, of short date palm fiber (2–3 cm in length) was considered. A dynamic impact characterization of DPFE and ER are obtained by using the Charpy impact test. The Williams method based on the principle of linear elastic fracture mechanics was used to deduce the impact toughness of composite. The experimental results were statistically analyzed by using the two and three parameter Weibull distribution in order to evaluate the survival/reliability probability of the studied composite. It is found that the DPFE composite has better properties than the ER material in Charpy impact test.
{"title":"Weibull Analysis of Charpy Impact Test in Short Date Palm Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composite","authors":"Adel Boulebnane, D. Djeghader, T. Tioua","doi":"10.3311/ppci.22500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppci.22500","url":null,"abstract":"This study is a contribution to the valorization of natural fiber, which improve sustainability by substituting non-renewable raw materials by natural renewable resources. In this work, the fabrication and investigation of composite date palm fiber reinforced epoxy (DPFE) and compare it with an unreinforced epoxy resin (ER). One volume fraction, 10% by volume, of short date palm fiber (2–3 cm in length) was considered. A dynamic impact characterization of DPFE and ER are obtained by using the Charpy impact test. The Williams method based on the principle of linear elastic fracture mechanics was used to deduce the impact toughness of composite. The experimental results were statistically analyzed by using the two and three parameter Weibull distribution in order to evaluate the survival/reliability probability of the studied composite. It is found that the DPFE composite has better properties than the ER material in Charpy impact test.","PeriodicalId":49705,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica-Civil Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79830518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this research, the deflection in the interface of a partially composite beam considering the effect of shear deformation is deter-mined. The system of beams is structured by two beams of prismatic sections, connected by an adhesive very thin and rigid, subjected to a uniform bending moment and a uniformly distributed load. The governing differential equation of the partially composite beam is obtained from the total functional energy that takes into consideration the shear deformation. The extreme moments creating second moments, shear forces and normal forces are applied to each beam. The differential equation is derived and then, compared to the one found in partial composite beams where the shear deformation is neglected. It is shown that the theoretical results of deflection with and without shear deformation are compared to each other and also with those found in the Timoshenko’s beam theory.
{"title":"Deflection of a Partially Composite Beam Considering the Effect of Shear Deformation","authors":"Hamid Hamli Benzahar, M. Chabaat, H. Ayas","doi":"10.3311/ppci.22319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppci.22319","url":null,"abstract":"In this research, the deflection in the interface of a partially composite beam considering the effect of shear deformation is deter-mined. The system of beams is structured by two beams of prismatic sections, connected by an adhesive very thin and rigid, subjected to a uniform bending moment and a uniformly distributed load. The governing differential equation of the partially composite beam is obtained from the total functional energy that takes into consideration the shear deformation. The extreme moments creating second moments, shear forces and normal forces are applied to each beam. The differential equation is derived and then, compared to the one found in partial composite beams where the shear deformation is neglected. It is shown that the theoretical results of deflection with and without shear deformation are compared to each other and also with those found in the Timoshenko’s beam theory.","PeriodicalId":49705,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica-Civil Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86377773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As an attempt to enhance landfill capacity and extend its lifespan, this research explores the effect of slope inclination on landfill storage capacity and its implementation on the safety factors using numerical simulations. A geometric approach was used to determine the capacity change with inclination, and a new probabilistic calculation method, which accounts for the heterogeneity of waste layers, was employed to analyze the safety factor for different slope angles. Over 100 conducted calculations for each inclination were used to investigate the effect of slope variation on landfill safety. The results show that increasing inclination leads to a significant increase in landfill capacity. The safety factor results indicate that the conventional method, assuming homogenous waste, classifies 1:3 and 1:2 slopes as safe, while the new suggested method showed that a 2:3 inclination could be considered safe, especially since the calculation is not considering the safety-enhancing effect of daily cover layers. This study highlights the importance of considering the heterogeneity of waste layers in safety factor analysis, and the use of multi-layered nonhomogeneous calculation method, which provides more flexibility in design parameters. This research presents a significant step forward in constructing safe and cost-effective landfills. The use of a new probabilistic calculation method in designing landfills leads to more accurate and reliable results while maintaining safety standards. This research has important implications for the design and management of landfills and can be used as a guide for future studies in this field.
{"title":"Optimizing Landfill Capacity: A Numerical Study of the Slope Inclination Variation Impact on Landfill Storage Capacity and Its influence on the Safety Factors under Different Models","authors":"Feten Chihi, G. Varga","doi":"10.3311/ppci.22790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppci.22790","url":null,"abstract":"As an attempt to enhance landfill capacity and extend its lifespan, this research explores the effect of slope inclination on landfill storage capacity and its implementation on the safety factors using numerical simulations. A geometric approach was used to determine the capacity change with inclination, and a new probabilistic calculation method, which accounts for the heterogeneity of waste layers, was employed to analyze the safety factor for different slope angles. Over 100 conducted calculations for each inclination were used to investigate the effect of slope variation on landfill safety. The results show that increasing inclination leads to a significant increase in landfill capacity. The safety factor results indicate that the conventional method, assuming homogenous waste, classifies 1:3 and 1:2 slopes as safe, while the new suggested method showed that a 2:3 inclination could be considered safe, especially since the calculation is not considering the safety-enhancing effect of daily cover layers. This study highlights the importance of considering the heterogeneity of waste layers in safety factor analysis, and the use of multi-layered nonhomogeneous calculation method, which provides more flexibility in design parameters. This research presents a significant step forward in constructing safe and cost-effective landfills. The use of a new probabilistic calculation method in designing landfills leads to more accurate and reliable results while maintaining safety standards. This research has important implications for the design and management of landfills and can be used as a guide for future studies in this field.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":49705,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica-Civil Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90978650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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