S. A. Latifi Rostami, Muxi Li, A. Kolahdooz, Hayoung Chung, Jian Zhang
Due to the inevitable involvement of multisource uncertainties related to the load, material property and geometry in practical engineering designs, robust topology optimization (RTO) has recently attracted increasing attention to account for these uncertain effects. However, the majority of the existing RTO works are concerned with single source uncertainty, and very few studies have considered the multisource (hybrid) uncertainties simultaneously. To this end, a comparative study on the hybrid uncertainties (HU), i.e., material-loading, geometric-loading, material-geometric, and material-geometric-loading uncertainties, for RTO of continuum structures is presented in this paper. A truncated Karhunen-Loeve expansion is adopted for uncertainty representation and a sparse grid collocation method for uncertainty propagation of the objective function and constraints. Effects of the various HU on the compliance and robust design are comprehensively investigated and compared with the RTO models under individual component uncertainty using two continuum benchmarks. An important observation from the results is that the hybrid uncertainty model is a conservative state, and the resulting RTO designs tend towards those with loading uncertainty only.
{"title":"Robust Topology Optimization of Continuum Structures under the Hybrid Uncertainties: A Comparative Study","authors":"S. A. Latifi Rostami, Muxi Li, A. Kolahdooz, Hayoung Chung, Jian Zhang","doi":"10.3311/ppci.21562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppci.21562","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the inevitable involvement of multisource uncertainties related to the load, material property and geometry in practical engineering designs, robust topology optimization (RTO) has recently attracted increasing attention to account for these uncertain effects. However, the majority of the existing RTO works are concerned with single source uncertainty, and very few studies have considered the multisource (hybrid) uncertainties simultaneously. To this end, a comparative study on the hybrid uncertainties (HU), i.e., material-loading, geometric-loading, material-geometric, and material-geometric-loading uncertainties, for RTO of continuum structures is presented in this paper. A truncated Karhunen-Loeve expansion is adopted for uncertainty representation and a sparse grid collocation method for uncertainty propagation of the objective function and constraints. Effects of the various HU on the compliance and robust design are comprehensively investigated and compared with the RTO models under individual component uncertainty using two continuum benchmarks. An important observation from the results is that the hybrid uncertainty model is a conservative state, and the resulting RTO designs tend towards those with loading uncertainty only.","PeriodicalId":49705,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica-Civil Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84765860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper a method is presented for calculating the eigenvalues of perturbed matrices corresponding to their initial and unperturbed state. In other word, instead of solving the eigenvalue problem of perturbed matrix with size (n x n), only it is sufficient to solve eigenvalue problem for a matrix with dimension (m x m) where m is less than n and their difference (n – m) is considerable. By means of this method, eigenvalues and frequencies of near regular structures considering those of the corresponding regular structures are calculated.
本文提出了一种计算摄动矩阵初始状态和非摄动状态对应的特征值的方法。换句话说，不求解大小为(n x n)的摄动矩阵的特征值问题，只求解维数为(m x m)的矩阵的特征值问题就足够了，其中m小于n且它们的差(n - m)相当大。利用该方法计算了考虑相应规则结构的特征值和频率的近规则结构的特征值和频率。
{"title":"Frequencies of Near Regular Structures Using the Results of the Corresponding Regular Structures","authors":"A. Kaveh, Nabi Khazaee","doi":"10.3311/ppci.21505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppci.21505","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper a method is presented for calculating the eigenvalues of perturbed matrices corresponding to their initial and unperturbed state. In other word, instead of solving the eigenvalue problem of perturbed matrix with size (n x n), only it is sufficient to solve eigenvalue problem for a matrix with dimension (m x m) where m is less than n and their difference (n – m) is considerable. By means of this method, eigenvalues and frequencies of near regular structures considering those of the corresponding regular structures are calculated.","PeriodicalId":49705,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica-Civil Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88851073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
International data reports indicated that underreporting is a frequent phenomenon in the case of cyclist accidents. However, determining the exact volume of underreported accidents or injured cyclists is a difficult task. Our research focused on a comprehensive examination of the personal injury accident data of cyclists. The primary aim was to elaborate a model determining the proportion of injured cyclists ‘missing’ from the official accident database and to explore the possible causes and processes leading to that. With the use of various data sets (accident database, data from hospitals and survey of cyclists), the model can alleviate the distortion effects arising from conclusions reached using only one data source. To demonstrate applicability, the surveys and examinations were carried out in relation to Hungary. The results showed that only 8.3% of injured cyclists were reported in the official accident database. The majority (62.6%) of injured cyclists received neither police action, nor medical treatment. The volume of the underreporting varied depending on the injury outcome and type of accident.
{"title":"Estimating the Underreporting Rate of Injured Cyclists","authors":"G. Pauer, Nóra Krizsik, Szilárd Szigeti","doi":"10.3311/ppci.19429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppci.19429","url":null,"abstract":"International data reports indicated that underreporting is a frequent phenomenon in the case of cyclist accidents. However, determining the exact volume of underreported accidents or injured cyclists is a difficult task. Our research focused on a comprehensive examination of the personal injury accident data of cyclists. The primary aim was to elaborate a model determining the proportion of injured cyclists ‘missing’ from the official accident database and to explore the possible causes and processes leading to that. With the use of various data sets (accident database, data from hospitals and survey of cyclists), the model can alleviate the distortion effects arising from conclusions reached using only one data source. To demonstrate applicability, the surveys and examinations were carried out in relation to Hungary. The results showed that only 8.3% of injured cyclists were reported in the official accident database. The majority (62.6%) of injured cyclists received neither police action, nor medical treatment. The volume of the underreporting varied depending on the injury outcome and type of accident.","PeriodicalId":49705,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica-Civil Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83326142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In order to study the mechanical properties and damage evolution of the gas storage surrounding rock under the periodic injection-production process, the uniaxial cyclic loading and unloading tests of sandstone were carried out by TFD-2000 microcomputer servo-controlled rock triaxial testing machine. Results shown that the compressive strength of gas storage sandstone specimens were gradually decreases with increasing of the stress amplitude after 200 cycles. The stress-strain curve under uniaxial cyclic loading and unloading condition formed hysteresis loops, and the hysteresis loop presented sparse-dense-sparse when the stress amplitude was relative higher. The residual strains can be divided into three stages of decay deformation stage, stable deformation stage and accelerated deformation stage when the stress amplitude is 8~32 MPa, this phenomenon is very similar to the creep behavior of rocks. The energy evolution of sandstone under cyclic loading and unloading was analyzed and the damage evolution low of which was also discussed in detail, the damage variable defined by energy dissipative ratio accumulation can well reflect the damage development of sandstone under uniaxial cyclic loading and unloading. A nonlinear visco-plastic body was proposed by considering the accelerate stage of curves of the axial residual strains, and used the nonlinear visco-plastic body to replace the visco-plastic body of the traditional Nishihara model, a nonlinear viscoelastic-plastic model for cyclic loads was established and the applicability of the model is verified. The research results provide certain reference value for the construction and maintenance of gas storage.
{"title":"Mechanical Properties of Gas Storage Sandstone under Uniaxial Cyclic Loading and Unloading Condition","authors":"Baoyun Zhao, Yingjie Wu, Jiaosheng Yang, Juncang Sun, Wei Huang, Ziyun Li, Shuhan Zhang","doi":"10.3311/ppci.21620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppci.21620","url":null,"abstract":"In order to study the mechanical properties and damage evolution of the gas storage surrounding rock under the periodic injection-production process, the uniaxial cyclic loading and unloading tests of sandstone were carried out by TFD-2000 microcomputer servo-controlled rock triaxial testing machine. Results shown that the compressive strength of gas storage sandstone specimens were gradually decreases with increasing of the stress amplitude after 200 cycles. The stress-strain curve under uniaxial cyclic loading and unloading condition formed hysteresis loops, and the hysteresis loop presented sparse-dense-sparse when the stress amplitude was relative higher. The residual strains can be divided into three stages of decay deformation stage, stable deformation stage and accelerated deformation stage when the stress amplitude is 8~32 MPa, this phenomenon is very similar to the creep behavior of rocks. The energy evolution of sandstone under cyclic loading and unloading was analyzed and the damage evolution low of which was also discussed in detail, the damage variable defined by energy dissipative ratio accumulation can well reflect the damage development of sandstone under uniaxial cyclic loading and unloading. A nonlinear visco-plastic body was proposed by considering the accelerate stage of curves of the axial residual strains, and used the nonlinear visco-plastic body to replace the visco-plastic body of the traditional Nishihara model, a nonlinear viscoelastic-plastic model for cyclic loads was established and the applicability of the model is verified. The research results provide certain reference value for the construction and maintenance of gas storage.","PeriodicalId":49705,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica-Civil Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87884424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
There are large deposits of waste materials from various industrial or building activity all over the world. Out of this enormous quantity of waste, a little amount gets recycled, while the rest is dumped in vulnerable places. This paper examines the potential use of waste materials in subbase, including recycled chips derived from waste polyethylene terephthalate plastics and cement kiln dust resulting from Portland cement industry as by-product. Samples were formed by blending fractions of 0, 4, 6, and 8% recycled chips with or without 3% cement kiln dust (CKD) by the required weight of subbase soil. The influence in terms of strength was evaluated using CBR values, which exhibited descending values with increasing recycled plastics chips contents. While the addition CKD significantly enlarged the values. Based on the CBR values 4% recycled plastics chips with 3% CKD blend is commended for subbase layer in roads construction.
{"title":"Sustainable Potentials of Plastics Waste-cement Kiln Dust Blends on Strength Properties of Subbase Soil","authors":"Noor H. Jaber, M. S. Radhi, A. Alsaad","doi":"10.3311/ppci.21689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppci.21689","url":null,"abstract":"There are large deposits of waste materials from various industrial or building activity all over the world. Out of this enormous quantity of waste, a little amount gets recycled, while the rest is dumped in vulnerable places. This paper examines the potential use of waste materials in subbase, including recycled chips derived from waste polyethylene terephthalate plastics and cement kiln dust resulting from Portland cement industry as by-product. Samples were formed by blending fractions of 0, 4, 6, and 8% recycled chips with or without 3% cement kiln dust (CKD) by the required weight of subbase soil. The influence in terms of strength was evaluated using CBR values, which exhibited descending values with increasing recycled plastics chips contents. While the addition CKD significantly enlarged the values. Based on the CBR values 4% recycled plastics chips with 3% CKD blend is commended for subbase layer in roads construction.","PeriodicalId":49705,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica-Civil Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82304343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. V. R. Sihombing, R. Utami, Andri Krisnandi Somantri, A. Febriansya, R. Sihombing, A. Mulyadi
This research aims to utilize glycerin pitch waste as an alternative asphalt binder (extender) in Stone Mastic Asphalt (SMA) mixture. Glycerin pitch (GP) is a by-product from crude glycerol refining process from the palm oil oleochemical industry. The research method was carried out by testing the chemical and physical characteristics of GP by comparing it to pen 60/70, then testing based on asphalt binder rheology and asphalt concrete characteristics. ANOVA statistical test and Tukey-Kramer statistical grouping test were used to know the significant use of GP in SMA mixture. The variations of GP content tested to pen 60/70 were 0%, 15% and 25% by weight, then used as a binder for the SMA mixture which was tested under asphalt content (Pb) conditions based on Marshall characteristic, immersion index and drain down. The test results show that GP has the potential as an asphalt extender, with a maximum content of 22% by weight of asphalt binder or with a ratio of 1 GP: 4 pen 60/70. The characteristics of the SMA mixture using pen 60/70 and GP as asphalt binder extender, under conditions of Pb = 7% produce SMA mixture that meets the specification. Statistically, in stability characteristics of SMA, GP has a significant effect on SMA + 22% GP mixture. In the immersion index, the use of GP has a significant effect on all type of mixture, while in the draindown characteristics has significant effect on the SMA+0% GP mixture.
{"title":"Stone Matrix Asphalt Performance with Glycerin Pitch as Asphalt Binder Extender","authors":"A. V. R. Sihombing, R. Utami, Andri Krisnandi Somantri, A. Febriansya, R. Sihombing, A. Mulyadi","doi":"10.3311/ppci.21817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppci.21817","url":null,"abstract":"This research aims to utilize glycerin pitch waste as an alternative asphalt binder (extender) in Stone Mastic Asphalt (SMA) mixture. Glycerin pitch (GP) is a by-product from crude glycerol refining process from the palm oil oleochemical industry. The research method was carried out by testing the chemical and physical characteristics of GP by comparing it to pen 60/70, then testing based on asphalt binder rheology and asphalt concrete characteristics. ANOVA statistical test and Tukey-Kramer statistical grouping test were used to know the significant use of GP in SMA mixture. The variations of GP content tested to pen 60/70 were 0%, 15% and 25% by weight, then used as a binder for the SMA mixture which was tested under asphalt content (Pb) conditions based on Marshall characteristic, immersion index and drain down. The test results show that GP has the potential as an asphalt extender, with a maximum content of 22% by weight of asphalt binder or with a ratio of 1 GP: 4 pen 60/70. The characteristics of the SMA mixture using pen 60/70 and GP as asphalt binder extender, under conditions of Pb = 7% produce SMA mixture that meets the specification. Statistically, in stability characteristics of SMA, GP has a significant effect on SMA + 22% GP mixture. In the immersion index, the use of GP has a significant effect on all type of mixture, while in the draindown characteristics has significant effect on the SMA+0% GP mixture.","PeriodicalId":49705,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica-Civil Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74550165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Qiu, Yinsong Wang, Yu-Yang Gao, Zhiwei Zhang, H. Qian, Huajie Wang, F. Fan
The welded hollow spherical joint is the most common form of the spatial grid structure, but the corrosion treatment at the joint is difficult. There are many corrosion problems of the welded hollow spherical joint in the actual structure, which brings hidden problems to structural safety. To study the effects of uniform corrosion on the key mechanical properties of welded hollow spherical joints, the joint refinement FEM in one typical size is built considering the effect of uniform corrosion through the method of the element birth and death, and the tensile, compressive, and bending performance of the FEM has been analyzed. Based on the analysis results, the relation curves between the three bearing capacities of the welded hollow spherical joint and the uniform corrosion degree are given. The results show that the influence of early corrosion on the joint tensile and compressive performance is not obvious. After corrosion to a certain extent, the loss of tensile and compressive capacity has a significant linear relationship with the degree of corrosion, and the loss of bending capacity has a significant quadratic curve relationship with the degree of corrosion from the initial stage. This study can provide a theoretical reference for a better understanding of the mechanical properties of welded hollow spherical joints in one typical size after corrosion to evaluate structural safety.
{"title":"Study of the Key Mechanical Properties of Welded Hollow Spherical Joints after Uniform Corrosion","authors":"F. Qiu, Yinsong Wang, Yu-Yang Gao, Zhiwei Zhang, H. Qian, Huajie Wang, F. Fan","doi":"10.3311/ppci.21006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppci.21006","url":null,"abstract":"The welded hollow spherical joint is the most common form of the spatial grid structure, but the corrosion treatment at the joint is difficult. There are many corrosion problems of the welded hollow spherical joint in the actual structure, which brings hidden problems to structural safety. To study the effects of uniform corrosion on the key mechanical properties of welded hollow spherical joints, the joint refinement FEM in one typical size is built considering the effect of uniform corrosion through the method of the element birth and death, and the tensile, compressive, and bending performance of the FEM has been analyzed. Based on the analysis results, the relation curves between the three bearing capacities of the welded hollow spherical joint and the uniform corrosion degree are given. The results show that the influence of early corrosion on the joint tensile and compressive performance is not obvious. After corrosion to a certain extent, the loss of tensile and compressive capacity has a significant linear relationship with the degree of corrosion, and the loss of bending capacity has a significant quadratic curve relationship with the degree of corrosion from the initial stage. This study can provide a theoretical reference for a better understanding of the mechanical properties of welded hollow spherical joints in one typical size after corrosion to evaluate structural safety.","PeriodicalId":49705,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica-Civil Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78101876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, different plate fixing designs were tested in order to improve rock bolting performances. Instead of commonly used steel nuts, different plate fixing designs were investigated by both laboratory and site studies. In addition, the usability of nuts and energy absorbers made of the polyamide type engineering polymer was investigated to assess whether they are advantageous for the aim of supplying high-energy absorbing features. In this experimental study, deformation-controlled load tests were carried out to evaluate the bearing and energy absorption capacities of totally eight different groups of specimens. According to the findings from this study, use of the polyamide material with steel nuts as an energy absorber material, rather than using instead of steel nuts supplies good results. As another outcome, it has been determined that use of proper washers between steel nuts and polyamide absorbers can significantly improve the energy absorption performances. It has been evaluated that the energy absorption capacity of the bolt plates can be economically increased up to 10 times by using suitable polyamide energy absorbers placed between the plate and steel nut parts. It was concluded that the polyamides can be used to remarkably improve the rock bolting performances especially in the rock masses where the high energy absorption capacity property is needed, like those with rock bursting, squeezing and swelling problems.
{"title":"Investigation of New Energy Absorbing Mechanisms Used to Fix Rock Bolt Plates","authors":"E. Komurlu","doi":"10.3311/ppci.21966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppci.21966","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, different plate fixing designs were tested in order to improve rock bolting performances. Instead of commonly used steel nuts, different plate fixing designs were investigated by both laboratory and site studies. In addition, the usability of nuts and energy absorbers made of the polyamide type engineering polymer was investigated to assess whether they are advantageous for the aim of supplying high-energy absorbing features. In this experimental study, deformation-controlled load tests were carried out to evaluate the bearing and energy absorption capacities of totally eight different groups of specimens. According to the findings from this study, use of the polyamide material with steel nuts as an energy absorber material, rather than using instead of steel nuts supplies good results. As another outcome, it has been determined that use of proper washers between steel nuts and polyamide absorbers can significantly improve the energy absorption performances. It has been evaluated that the energy absorption capacity of the bolt plates can be economically increased up to 10 times by using suitable polyamide energy absorbers placed between the plate and steel nut parts. It was concluded that the polyamides can be used to remarkably improve the rock bolting performances especially in the rock masses where the high energy absorption capacity property is needed, like those with rock bursting, squeezing and swelling problems.","PeriodicalId":49705,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica-Civil Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80704502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the Northridge and Kobe earthquakes, brittle failure of the welded beam-to-column connections was observed in steel structures. So, bolted connections were considered as an alternative to these kinds of connections. Extended end-plate beam-to-column con-nection is one of the most commonly used connections in steel structure. In this article, the behavior of the sloped extended end-plate beam-to-column connections is studied. Finite element method was used to investigate the behavior of the connection by ABAQUS software. The main aim of the study was to investigate the cyclic behavior of the four beam-to-column connections with beam angles of 0, 10, 15, and 20 degrees with respect to horizon. Also, the behavior of the mentioned connections was compared with extended end-plate connections with perpendicular angle. Results showed that the ductility and moment-resisting capacity of the sloped extended end-plate beam-to-column connections decrease by increasing beam angle, but rotational and moment-resisting capacities of the models satisfy the limitation of the design codes such as 0.04 drift limit for bearing capacity before failure.
{"title":"Evaluating the Cyclic Behavior of the Sloped Extended End-plate Beam-to-column Connections","authors":"Mirreza Miryahyavi, Reza Khani, Y. Hosseinzadeh","doi":"10.3311/ppci.21260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppci.21260","url":null,"abstract":"In the Northridge and Kobe earthquakes, brittle failure of the welded beam-to-column connections was observed in steel structures. So, bolted connections were considered as an alternative to these kinds of connections. Extended end-plate beam-to-column con-nection is one of the most commonly used connections in steel structure. In this article, the behavior of the sloped extended end-plate beam-to-column connections is studied. Finite element method was used to investigate the behavior of the connection by ABAQUS software. The main aim of the study was to investigate the cyclic behavior of the four beam-to-column connections with beam angles of 0, 10, 15, and 20 degrees with respect to horizon. Also, the behavior of the mentioned connections was compared with extended end-plate connections with perpendicular angle. Results showed that the ductility and moment-resisting capacity of the sloped extended end-plate beam-to-column connections decrease by increasing beam angle, but rotational and moment-resisting capacities of the models satisfy the limitation of the design codes such as 0.04 drift limit for bearing capacity before failure.","PeriodicalId":49705,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica-Civil Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86521265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The cone penetration test (CPT) has been the de facto field exploration method in geotechnical engineering for decades. Variations of CPT can measure parameters for seismic, environmental, and hydrological applications. Analyzing response often requires properties in areas that have little or no data. Therefore, given the limited CPT data, it is critical to understand how to accurately estimate the soil properties at unsampled locations. In this paper, we generated soil shear wave velocity profiles using the kriging interpolation technique and assessed their performance using site response analysis. Four kriging interpolation-based shear wave velocity profiles and four additional CPT-based shear wave velocity profiles defined site conditions for response analysis. We performed a series of 1-D equivalent linear site response analyses using STRATA software. The site response analysis results are presented as amplification factors (AF), peak ground acceleration (PGA) profiles, surface spectral acceleration, and surface acceleration time histories. Compared to CPT-based profiles, the results of kriging interpolation-based profiles were evaluated and discussed. The results confirmed the reliability of the kriging interpolation technique in predicting soil parameters at unsampled locations.
{"title":"Generation and Evaluation of CPT Data Using Kriging Interpolation Technique","authors":"A. Chala, R. Ray","doi":"10.3311/ppci.21865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3311/ppci.21865","url":null,"abstract":"The cone penetration test (CPT) has been the de facto field exploration method in geotechnical engineering for decades. Variations of CPT can measure parameters for seismic, environmental, and hydrological applications. Analyzing response often requires properties in areas that have little or no data. Therefore, given the limited CPT data, it is critical to understand how to accurately estimate the soil properties at unsampled locations. In this paper, we generated soil shear wave velocity profiles using the kriging interpolation technique and assessed their performance using site response analysis. Four kriging interpolation-based shear wave velocity profiles and four additional CPT-based shear wave velocity profiles defined site conditions for response analysis. We performed a series of 1-D equivalent linear site response analyses using STRATA software. The site response analysis results are presented as amplification factors (AF), peak ground acceleration (PGA) profiles, surface spectral acceleration, and surface acceleration time histories. Compared to CPT-based profiles, the results of kriging interpolation-based profiles were evaluated and discussed. The results confirmed the reliability of the kriging interpolation technique in predicting soil parameters at unsampled locations.","PeriodicalId":49705,"journal":{"name":"Periodica Polytechnica-Civil Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86663873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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