Abstract - We sampled the vertebrate community of a 20-ha conservation easement in Venango County, PA, from April through August 2021. The restoration and management efforts on this easement were designed to improve the meadow habitat for one of the few remaining populations of Sistrurus catenatus (Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake) in Pennsylvania, and our sampling efforts were focused on evaluating the potential prey base available to the rattlesnakes at this site. We identified 9 amphibian species, 10 reptile species, and 11 small mammal species. For amphibians, Anaxyrus americanus (American Toad) was the most abundant species, accounting for 32.6% of the total, followed by Notophthalmus viridescens (Red-Spotted Newt) with 30.6% of total abundance. Thamnophis brachystoma (Short-Headed Gartersnake) comprised more than half (53.7%) of all reptiles sampled, followed by Thamnophis sirtalis (Eastern Gartersnake; 22.7%). Peromyscus leucopus (White-Footed Mouse) was the most abundant mammal species, accounting for 37.4% of all mammals surveyed, followed by Microtus pennsylvanicus (Eastern Meadow Vole; 24.8%). Mammals had the greatest species richness (S = 11), while reptiles had the greatest total abundance (TA = 361), and amphibians had the greatest species evenness (E = 0.799). Species accounts for Venango County indicate that we sampled 40.9% (9/22), 37.0% (10/27), and 21.2% (11/52) of the known amphibian, reptilian, and mammalian species, respectively, within this restored meadow habitat. Our results suggest that the restoration efforts on this easement study site have been extremely effective in creating meadow habitat that supports a diversity of prey species for the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake.
{"title":"Community Structure of Terrestrial Vertebrates in a Restored Meadow Habitat in Pennsylvania: Assessing the Potential Prey Base for Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnakes","authors":"Z. Perelman, W. I. Lutterschmidt, H. K. Reinert","doi":"10.1656/045.029.0308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1656/045.029.0308","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract - We sampled the vertebrate community of a 20-ha conservation easement in Venango County, PA, from April through August 2021. The restoration and management efforts on this easement were designed to improve the meadow habitat for one of the few remaining populations of Sistrurus catenatus (Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake) in Pennsylvania, and our sampling efforts were focused on evaluating the potential prey base available to the rattlesnakes at this site. We identified 9 amphibian species, 10 reptile species, and 11 small mammal species. For amphibians, Anaxyrus americanus (American Toad) was the most abundant species, accounting for 32.6% of the total, followed by Notophthalmus viridescens (Red-Spotted Newt) with 30.6% of total abundance. Thamnophis brachystoma (Short-Headed Gartersnake) comprised more than half (53.7%) of all reptiles sampled, followed by Thamnophis sirtalis (Eastern Gartersnake; 22.7%). Peromyscus leucopus (White-Footed Mouse) was the most abundant mammal species, accounting for 37.4% of all mammals surveyed, followed by Microtus pennsylvanicus (Eastern Meadow Vole; 24.8%). Mammals had the greatest species richness (S = 11), while reptiles had the greatest total abundance (TA = 361), and amphibians had the greatest species evenness (E = 0.799). Species accounts for Venango County indicate that we sampled 40.9% (9/22), 37.0% (10/27), and 21.2% (11/52) of the known amphibian, reptilian, and mammalian species, respectively, within this restored meadow habitat. Our results suggest that the restoration efforts on this easement study site have been extremely effective in creating meadow habitat that supports a diversity of prey species for the Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake.","PeriodicalId":49742,"journal":{"name":"Northeastern Naturalist","volume":"29 1","pages":"370 - 381"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44030874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract - Many studies of rodents rely on the use of live trapping. Comparative studies of trap type provide researchers with information that can inform their trapping design, yet relatively few comparative studies include economical mesh traps, such as Fitch traps. I compared the effectivess of Sherman box traps and Fitch mesh traps for rodent sampling in a grassland ecosystem. Between 2016 and 2017, I set 120 trap stations with both Fitch and Sherman traps for a total of 6000 trap nights at a single tallgrass prairie-restoration site in northern Illinois. I compared trap effectivess overall and for each species captured. Fitch traps were significantly better at capturing ground squirrels than Sherman traps and comparable to Sherman traps at capturing voles and jumping mice. These results demonstrate Fitch traps provide a viable alternative to Sherman traps for sampling at this location and indicate they should be considered in future comparative studies to further assess their effectiveness, especially in grasslands.
{"title":"Comparing the Effectiveness of Fitch and Sherman Traps in a Grassland Ecosystem","authors":"S. Beckmann","doi":"10.1656/045.029.0305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1656/045.029.0305","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract - Many studies of rodents rely on the use of live trapping. Comparative studies of trap type provide researchers with information that can inform their trapping design, yet relatively few comparative studies include economical mesh traps, such as Fitch traps. I compared the effectivess of Sherman box traps and Fitch mesh traps for rodent sampling in a grassland ecosystem. Between 2016 and 2017, I set 120 trap stations with both Fitch and Sherman traps for a total of 6000 trap nights at a single tallgrass prairie-restoration site in northern Illinois. I compared trap effectivess overall and for each species captured. Fitch traps were significantly better at capturing ground squirrels than Sherman traps and comparable to Sherman traps at capturing voles and jumping mice. These results demonstrate Fitch traps provide a viable alternative to Sherman traps for sampling at this location and indicate they should be considered in future comparative studies to further assess their effectiveness, especially in grasslands.","PeriodicalId":49742,"journal":{"name":"Northeastern Naturalist","volume":"29 1","pages":"342 - 352"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43511613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract - We examined patterns of avian diversity in a maritime ecosystem at Orient Beach State Park on the North Fork of Long Island, NY. We compared avian diversity in beach, saltmarsh, shrub, a Juniperus virginiana (Eastern Redcedar) maritime forest, and an interior hardwood forest at nearby Mashomack Preserve. Maritime forest was highest in bird species richness followed by saltmarsh, interior forest, shrub, and beach. Habitat variables best explaining avian species richness were sand cover, vegetation cover, visibility, and height of nearest vegetation. The peninsular shape of the maritime forest supported greater edge habitat compared to the interior forest, encouraging greater avian diversity. This study provides baseline information for the conservation of a rare maritime ecosystem.
{"title":"Patterns of Avian Diversity for a Maritime Ecosystem at Orient Beach State Park on Long Island, New York","authors":"B. Lauro, I. MacGregor‐Fors","doi":"10.1656/045.029.0306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1656/045.029.0306","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract - We examined patterns of avian diversity in a maritime ecosystem at Orient Beach State Park on the North Fork of Long Island, NY. We compared avian diversity in beach, saltmarsh, shrub, a Juniperus virginiana (Eastern Redcedar) maritime forest, and an interior hardwood forest at nearby Mashomack Preserve. Maritime forest was highest in bird species richness followed by saltmarsh, interior forest, shrub, and beach. Habitat variables best explaining avian species richness were sand cover, vegetation cover, visibility, and height of nearest vegetation. The peninsular shape of the maritime forest supported greater edge habitat compared to the interior forest, encouraging greater avian diversity. This study provides baseline information for the conservation of a rare maritime ecosystem.","PeriodicalId":49742,"journal":{"name":"Northeastern Naturalist","volume":"29 1","pages":"353 - 369"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42309575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract - Many experimental aquatic ecologists are familiar with the commonly used model system Sarracenia purpurea (Purple Pitcher Plant), as this plant contains an entire aquatic ecosystem with obligate invertebrates in its pitcher-shaped leaves. An obligate herbivore of the Purple Pitcher Plant, Exyra fax (Pitcher Mining Moth), consumes plant tissue and chews a hole at the base of the pitcher, draining the pitcher of fluid and thereby creating unsuitable habitat for obligate aquatic invertebrates. Historically, it has been noted that the obligate aquatic invertebrate larvae within the Purple Pitcher Plant are incapable of leaving the pitcher they were initially deposited in as eggs. The objective of this experiment was to determine if larvae of the obligate invertebrate Metriocnemus knabi (Pitcher Plant Midge) is capable of emigrating to new pitchers when faced with pitcher drainage as a result of damage from the Pitcher Mining Moth. We placed midge larvae of varying abundances in experimental pitchers that were drained in a way similar to the work of Pitcher Mining Moth larvae. After drainage, larval midges were allowed 2 weeks to emigrate. At the end of 2 weeks, as much as 38.2% of the initial abundance of M. knabi larvae had emigrated out of drained pitchers to new, viable, fluid-filled pitchers and survived. We present here the first evidence that the obligate Pitcher Plant Midge larvae are capable of emigration when faced with unsuitable habitat.
{"title":"Midge Larvae Metriocnemus knabi Can Emigrate to New Pitchers within Sarracenia purpurea After Pitcher Drainage","authors":"Lindsey A. Pett, Sophie Linde, N. Gotelli","doi":"10.1656/045.029.0304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1656/045.029.0304","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract - Many experimental aquatic ecologists are familiar with the commonly used model system Sarracenia purpurea (Purple Pitcher Plant), as this plant contains an entire aquatic ecosystem with obligate invertebrates in its pitcher-shaped leaves. An obligate herbivore of the Purple Pitcher Plant, Exyra fax (Pitcher Mining Moth), consumes plant tissue and chews a hole at the base of the pitcher, draining the pitcher of fluid and thereby creating unsuitable habitat for obligate aquatic invertebrates. Historically, it has been noted that the obligate aquatic invertebrate larvae within the Purple Pitcher Plant are incapable of leaving the pitcher they were initially deposited in as eggs. The objective of this experiment was to determine if larvae of the obligate invertebrate Metriocnemus knabi (Pitcher Plant Midge) is capable of emigrating to new pitchers when faced with pitcher drainage as a result of damage from the Pitcher Mining Moth. We placed midge larvae of varying abundances in experimental pitchers that were drained in a way similar to the work of Pitcher Mining Moth larvae. After drainage, larval midges were allowed 2 weeks to emigrate. At the end of 2 weeks, as much as 38.2% of the initial abundance of M. knabi larvae had emigrated out of drained pitchers to new, viable, fluid-filled pitchers and survived. We present here the first evidence that the obligate Pitcher Plant Midge larvae are capable of emigration when faced with unsuitable habitat.","PeriodicalId":49742,"journal":{"name":"Northeastern Naturalist","volume":"29 1","pages":"335 - 341"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43618822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract - I observed mobbing of Glaucomys volans (Southern Flying Squirrel), upon removal and release from nesting boxes designed for them, by various bird species (1–9 total individual birds) on 33 occasions during winter surveys for the squirrels in southeast Ohio. I observed instances of mobbing by 1–3 species of primary and/or secondary cavity-nesting songbirds and woodpeckers. Mobbing behavior included flights within 1–2 m of a flying squirrel briefly positioned on a tree trunk as well as vocalizations. Mobbing episodes lasted 5–180 seconds, which largely depended on the amount of time a flying squirrel remained visible before retreating into a natural cavity. In light of the mobbing response reported here, perhaps more consideration should be given to the potential impacts that Southern Flying Squirrels may have on bird communities.
{"title":"Winter Observations of Cavity-Nesting Birds Mobbing Southern Flying Squirrels","authors":"D. Althoff","doi":"10.1656/045.029.0307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1656/045.029.0307","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract - I observed mobbing of Glaucomys volans (Southern Flying Squirrel), upon removal and release from nesting boxes designed for them, by various bird species (1–9 total individual birds) on 33 occasions during winter surveys for the squirrels in southeast Ohio. I observed instances of mobbing by 1–3 species of primary and/or secondary cavity-nesting songbirds and woodpeckers. Mobbing behavior included flights within 1–2 m of a flying squirrel briefly positioned on a tree trunk as well as vocalizations. Mobbing episodes lasted 5–180 seconds, which largely depended on the amount of time a flying squirrel remained visible before retreating into a natural cavity. In light of the mobbing response reported here, perhaps more consideration should be given to the potential impacts that Southern Flying Squirrels may have on bird communities.","PeriodicalId":49742,"journal":{"name":"Northeastern Naturalist","volume":"29 1","pages":"N55 - N60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42086744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract - In June 2020, we monitored a nest in Southampton, MA, that contained 2 Dumetella carolinensis (Gray Catbird) and 3 Turdus migratorius (American Robin) eggs. Females of both species alternately incubated the mixed clutch, and 2 catbird and 2 robin young successfully hatched and fledged from the nest. Adults of both species provided both intra- and interspecific parental care (e.g., nestling provisioning, brooding, and nest sanitation). The catbirds, in particular, often did not preferentially provision their own young. In fact, following earlier fledging of the catbird young, an adult catbird continued to visit the nest to care for the robin nestlings, including fecal sac removal on at least 2 occasions. After the 2 robin young fledged, we did not observe any crossover post-fledging care. Our study represents the most detailed and protracted account among the very few documented cases of nest sharing between these species.
{"title":"Another Example of Nest Sharing by American Robins and Gray Catbirds","authors":"R. Mulvihill, Debbie Murray","doi":"10.1656/045.029.0303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1656/045.029.0303","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract - In June 2020, we monitored a nest in Southampton, MA, that contained 2 Dumetella carolinensis (Gray Catbird) and 3 Turdus migratorius (American Robin) eggs. Females of both species alternately incubated the mixed clutch, and 2 catbird and 2 robin young successfully hatched and fledged from the nest. Adults of both species provided both intra- and interspecific parental care (e.g., nestling provisioning, brooding, and nest sanitation). The catbirds, in particular, often did not preferentially provision their own young. In fact, following earlier fledging of the catbird young, an adult catbird continued to visit the nest to care for the robin nestlings, including fecal sac removal on at least 2 occasions. After the 2 robin young fledged, we did not observe any crossover post-fledging care. Our study represents the most detailed and protracted account among the very few documented cases of nest sharing between these species.","PeriodicalId":49742,"journal":{"name":"Northeastern Naturalist","volume":"29 1","pages":"N46 - N54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46123091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Mojica, K. Clark, Larissa Smith, Cristina Frank
Abstract - Haliaeetus leucocephalus (Bald Eagle) is a species that congregates in communal roosting sites during the non-breeding periods of its life cycle. Wildlife agencies are directed to protect roosts, but their nocturnal usage and remote locations make them challenging to identify and monitor. We remotely identified and ground-truthed roost sites using satellite telemetry data. We delineated 13 confirmed roosts and another 34 suspected roosts. Volunteers observed 12 roosts with ground surveys and confirmed 92% were in use by eagles during their first observation. These results suggest use of eagle-tracking data to remotely identify communal roosts is a promising tool for finding and protecting eagle roosting habitat. This method can be complemented with volunteer surveys to confirm ongoing roost use.
{"title":"Improving Confidence in Remotely Delineated Bald Eagle Roosts to Trigger State Agency Habitat Protection","authors":"E. Mojica, K. Clark, Larissa Smith, Cristina Frank","doi":"10.1656/045.029.0301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1656/045.029.0301","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract - Haliaeetus leucocephalus (Bald Eagle) is a species that congregates in communal roosting sites during the non-breeding periods of its life cycle. Wildlife agencies are directed to protect roosts, but their nocturnal usage and remote locations make them challenging to identify and monitor. We remotely identified and ground-truthed roost sites using satellite telemetry data. We delineated 13 confirmed roosts and another 34 suspected roosts. Volunteers observed 12 roosts with ground surveys and confirmed 92% were in use by eagles during their first observation. These results suggest use of eagle-tracking data to remotely identify communal roosts is a promising tool for finding and protecting eagle roosting habitat. This method can be complemented with volunteer surveys to confirm ongoing roost use.","PeriodicalId":49742,"journal":{"name":"Northeastern Naturalist","volume":"29 1","pages":"311 - 320"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45429591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jason Mazurowski, B. Heinrich, Lena Heinrich, C. Loeb, R. Rives
Abstract - We monitored the reproduction, dispersal, and regeneration of a wild population of Castanea dentata (American Chestnut), established from 4 seed-bearing trees planted in a western Maine forest in 1982. The 40-year-old parent trees, sourced from wild stock of a relict population in northern Michigan, show no obvious signs of blight and have been producing viable seeds now for >20 years. Over the course of 2 surveys conducted in 2019 and 2020, we mapped and measured 1348 offspring, varying in size from seedlings to nearly mature trees. As of October 2020, the natural spread of this population had expanded to at least 370 m from the parent trees, with an average dispersal distance of 124 m. While previous publications have focused on the scatter-hoarding behavior that gave rise to this expanding wild population, we report on possible factors affecting their spread, their fate, and prognosis for the future. Given the absence of other reproductive populations of American Chestnut in the immediate vicinity, our data provide rare insights into natural seed dispersal from a known point of origin while documenting the return of a functionally extinct species to a northern hardwood forest ecosystem.
{"title":"The Continued Spread of a Wild Population of American Chestnuts","authors":"Jason Mazurowski, B. Heinrich, Lena Heinrich, C. Loeb, R. Rives","doi":"10.1656/045.029.0302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1656/045.029.0302","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract - We monitored the reproduction, dispersal, and regeneration of a wild population of Castanea dentata (American Chestnut), established from 4 seed-bearing trees planted in a western Maine forest in 1982. The 40-year-old parent trees, sourced from wild stock of a relict population in northern Michigan, show no obvious signs of blight and have been producing viable seeds now for >20 years. Over the course of 2 surveys conducted in 2019 and 2020, we mapped and measured 1348 offspring, varying in size from seedlings to nearly mature trees. As of October 2020, the natural spread of this population had expanded to at least 370 m from the parent trees, with an average dispersal distance of 124 m. While previous publications have focused on the scatter-hoarding behavior that gave rise to this expanding wild population, we report on possible factors affecting their spread, their fate, and prognosis for the future. Given the absence of other reproductive populations of American Chestnut in the immediate vicinity, our data provide rare insights into natural seed dispersal from a known point of origin while documenting the return of a functionally extinct species to a northern hardwood forest ecosystem.","PeriodicalId":49742,"journal":{"name":"Northeastern Naturalist","volume":"29 1","pages":"321 - 334"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45099730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract - Marine macroalgae are a polyphyletic group of photosynthetic eukaryotes and play critical roles in oxygen production, as primary producers, and in providing physical habitat structure. They harbor diverse microbial communities, including mutualistic, commensalistic, and parasitic fungi. These fungi may be obligately or facultatively marine and symbiotic. In this investigation, we isolated endophytic algicolous fungi from marine macroalgae collected from 5 intertidal sites in Nova Scotia. Fungi were cultured from surface-sterilized algal tissue and identified using ITS rDNA barcoding. From 21 marine macroalgal species collected, 11 algal species harbored endophytic fungi. We identified 23 endophytic algicolous fungi from the Bay of Fundy and Atlantic coasts of Nova Scotia. Marine endophytes are a promising new resource for bioactive compounds.
{"title":"Endophytic Fungi from Marine Macroalgae in Nova Scotia","authors":"Caryn L. Cooper, A. K. Walker","doi":"10.1656/045.029.0212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1656/045.029.0212","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract - Marine macroalgae are a polyphyletic group of photosynthetic eukaryotes and play critical roles in oxygen production, as primary producers, and in providing physical habitat structure. They harbor diverse microbial communities, including mutualistic, commensalistic, and parasitic fungi. These fungi may be obligately or facultatively marine and symbiotic. In this investigation, we isolated endophytic algicolous fungi from marine macroalgae collected from 5 intertidal sites in Nova Scotia. Fungi were cultured from surface-sterilized algal tissue and identified using ITS rDNA barcoding. From 21 marine macroalgal species collected, 11 algal species harbored endophytic fungi. We identified 23 endophytic algicolous fungi from the Bay of Fundy and Atlantic coasts of Nova Scotia. Marine endophytes are a promising new resource for bioactive compounds.","PeriodicalId":49742,"journal":{"name":"Northeastern Naturalist","volume":"29 1","pages":"295 - 310"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47838047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Eckerlin, Paige Berends, Cassidy Downing, K. Galbreath
Abstract - We collected a single specimen of Rattus rattus (Roof Rat) in Highland County, VA, a previously unknown locality for the species. We collected ecto- and endoparasites, including the louse Polyplax spinulosa, the tick Dermacentor variabilis (American Dog Tick), and the nematode Aspicularis americana. which we archived along with the host voucher specimen. Sequencing of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene confirmed the rodent species identification based on comparisons to R. rattus sequences available in the GenBank database. Herein we review specimen records of Roof Rats and Rattus norvegicus (Brown Rat). Both species have a deep history in Virginia, but Roof Rats appear to have declined in coastal cities, while Brown Rats have become more common in those areas. Roof Rats apparently persist in rural relictual populations such as that identified in Highland County.
{"title":"The Roof Rat, Rattus rattus, in Virginia","authors":"R. Eckerlin, Paige Berends, Cassidy Downing, K. Galbreath","doi":"10.1656/045.029.0211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1656/045.029.0211","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract - We collected a single specimen of Rattus rattus (Roof Rat) in Highland County, VA, a previously unknown locality for the species. We collected ecto- and endoparasites, including the louse Polyplax spinulosa, the tick Dermacentor variabilis (American Dog Tick), and the nematode Aspicularis americana. which we archived along with the host voucher specimen. Sequencing of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene confirmed the rodent species identification based on comparisons to R. rattus sequences available in the GenBank database. Herein we review specimen records of Roof Rats and Rattus norvegicus (Brown Rat). Both species have a deep history in Virginia, but Roof Rats appear to have declined in coastal cities, while Brown Rats have become more common in those areas. Roof Rats apparently persist in rural relictual populations such as that identified in Highland County.","PeriodicalId":49742,"journal":{"name":"Northeastern Naturalist","volume":"29 1","pages":"N40 - N45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48019471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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