The Ekiiti-Paraapo War, also known as the Kiriji War, was a 16-year civil war that split the Yoruba people into two subethnic kingdoms: the Western Yoruba, which included primarily the Ibadan and Oyo-speaking Yorubas, and the Eastern Yoruba, which included the Ekiti people, the Ijesha people, the Ijebu people, and others. The study examines Ajele's leadership, the root causes of the Ekiti-Parapo War, both immediate and distant, and the strategies used by the War Chiefs. The analysis also demonstrates that Imesi-Ile served as the Civil War's focal point. Many primary and secondary sources, including books, journal articles, and other scholarly publications that are pertinent to the topic are widely consulted in this study. It also gains from the vast knowledge and wisdom of old leaders and intellectuals in the Ekiti region. According to the study's findings, the effects of the conflict caused a concentration of Yoruba people in numerous cities and towns in Yorubaland, many of which are still standing today.
{"title":"The Causes and Origins of the Ekiiti-Paraapo War","authors":"None Buhari Lateef Oluwafemi","doi":"10.33258/polit.v3i2.885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33258/polit.v3i2.885","url":null,"abstract":"The Ekiiti-Paraapo War, also known as the Kiriji War, was a 16-year civil war that split the Yoruba people into two subethnic kingdoms: the Western Yoruba, which included primarily the Ibadan and Oyo-speaking Yorubas, and the Eastern Yoruba, which included the Ekiti people, the Ijesha people, the Ijebu people, and others. The study examines Ajele's leadership, the root causes of the Ekiti-Parapo War, both immediate and distant, and the strategies used by the War Chiefs. The analysis also demonstrates that Imesi-Ile served as the Civil War's focal point. Many primary and secondary sources, including books, journal articles, and other scholarly publications that are pertinent to the topic are widely consulted in this study. It also gains from the vast knowledge and wisdom of old leaders and intellectuals in the Ekiti region. According to the study's findings, the effects of the conflict caused a concentration of Yoruba people in numerous cities and towns in Yorubaland, many of which are still standing today.","PeriodicalId":498036,"journal":{"name":"Polit Journal","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135011596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This scientific article analyzes the legal system of Scotland, which, as you know, is not subject to English (common) law. The paper addresses the question of which legal family it is a part of.
{"title":"The Legal System of Scotland as a Hybrid Legal System","authors":"Vladimir Valentinovich Kozhevnikov","doi":"10.33258/polit.v3i2.881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33258/polit.v3i2.881","url":null,"abstract":"This scientific article analyzes the legal system of Scotland, which, as you know, is not subject to English (common) law. The paper addresses the question of which legal family it is a part of.","PeriodicalId":498036,"journal":{"name":"Polit Journal","volume":"205 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135861442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Even though the creation of the International Criminal Court (ICC) was greatly welcomed by African states, the prosecution of mostly African state officials by the Court since its creation has sparked animosity between the ICC and the African Union (AU), leading to the rejection of the Court’s perceived bias activities in the Africa continent. While it is legally justifiable for the Prosecutor of the ICC to prosecute African state officials, partly because the Court has jurisdiction to entertain crimes committed by African state officials and also because 33 states in Africa have ratified the Rome Statute, it is legitimately inappropriate for the Prosecutor of the ICC to prosecute mostly African state officials given the fact that the ICC has jurisdiction to entertain similar crimes committed in other continents of the world. Accordingly, not all cases and situation prosecuted by the Office of the Prosecutor (OTP) of the ICC that are legally justifiable are legitimate. After discussing the creation of the ICC, this article will examine whether it was legally and legitimately justifiable for the Prosecutor of the ICC to target mostly African state officials for almost two decades and whether the creation of the African Criminal Court (ACC) is the African panacea as a consequence of the alleged bias between the ICC and the AU regarding the prosecution of African state officials.
{"title":"Difficult to Create But Easy to Reject: The Case of ICC Rejection by the AU","authors":"None Paul S. Masumbe","doi":"10.33258/polit.v3i2.882","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33258/polit.v3i2.882","url":null,"abstract":"Even though the creation of the International Criminal Court (ICC) was greatly welcomed by African states, the prosecution of mostly African state officials by the Court since its creation has sparked animosity between the ICC and the African Union (AU), leading to the rejection of the Court’s perceived bias activities in the Africa continent. While it is legally justifiable for the Prosecutor of the ICC to prosecute African state officials, partly because the Court has jurisdiction to entertain crimes committed by African state officials and also because 33 states in Africa have ratified the Rome Statute, it is legitimately inappropriate for the Prosecutor of the ICC to prosecute mostly African state officials given the fact that the ICC has jurisdiction to entertain similar crimes committed in other continents of the world. Accordingly, not all cases and situation prosecuted by the Office of the Prosecutor (OTP) of the ICC that are legally justifiable are legitimate. After discussing the creation of the ICC, this article will examine whether it was legally and legitimately justifiable for the Prosecutor of the ICC to target mostly African state officials for almost two decades and whether the creation of the African Criminal Court (ACC) is the African panacea as a consequence of the alleged bias between the ICC and the AU regarding the prosecution of African state officials.","PeriodicalId":498036,"journal":{"name":"Polit Journal","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135861441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An analysis of modern Russian literature made it possible to identify two equally negative tendencies in the methodology of jurisprudence. The first is that legal scholars pay little attention to methodology; the second is in attempts to introduce new methods into the methodology that are not used in practice.
{"title":"On the Methodology of Modern Russian Law","authors":"Vladimir Valentinovich Kozhevnikov","doi":"10.33258/polit.v3i1.869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33258/polit.v3i1.869","url":null,"abstract":"An analysis of modern Russian literature made it possible to identify two equally negative tendencies in the methodology of jurisprudence. The first is that legal scholars pay little attention to methodology; the second is in attempts to introduce new methods into the methodology that are not used in practice.","PeriodicalId":498036,"journal":{"name":"Polit Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136329824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Even though there is a law Number 35 Year 2009 about Narcotics, application of sanctions against addicts and abusers narcotics felt not fulfilling the principle of justice. So it is necessary to solve the problem using Restorative justice . The purpose of writing this article is to look at other solutions to imposing sanctions on addicts and abusers narcotics for the sake of creating a sense of justice. The method used is normative legal research using a conceptual approach and legislation. Then the formulation of the problem that the author can raise first is how to apply sanctions to addicts and abuse narcotics in Indonesia. second , how is the application of Restorative Justice in case narcotics in Indonesia. The results of this study indicate that in Indonesia the application of sanctions against addicts and abuse narcotics Not yet in accordance with the principle of justice and efforts to apply sanctions for addicts and abusers narcotics use perspective Restorative Justice exists but has not worked as expected.
{"title":"Implementation of Sanctions against Addictive and Narcotic Abuse Perspective Restorative Justice","authors":"None Cok Satrya Aditya, None Ani Purwanti","doi":"10.33258/polit.v3i1.847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33258/polit.v3i1.847","url":null,"abstract":"Even though there is a law Number 35 Year 2009 about Narcotics, application of sanctions against addicts and abusers narcotics felt not fulfilling the principle of justice. So it is necessary to solve the problem using Restorative justice . The purpose of writing this article is to look at other solutions to imposing sanctions on addicts and abusers narcotics for the sake of creating a sense of justice. The method used is normative legal research using a conceptual approach and legislation. Then the formulation of the problem that the author can raise first is how to apply sanctions to addicts and abuse narcotics in Indonesia. second , how is the application of Restorative Justice in case narcotics in Indonesia. The results of this study indicate that in Indonesia the application of sanctions against addicts and abuse narcotics Not yet in accordance with the principle of justice and efforts to apply sanctions for addicts and abusers narcotics use perspective Restorative Justice exists but has not worked as expected.","PeriodicalId":498036,"journal":{"name":"Polit Journal","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135423457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Since communities and families held land in trust for all family members, it was determined that individuals did not own any of it. Boundary and territorial disputes often stem from material or cultural claims; sometimes they may also emerge as a result of fundamental changes in domestic environments. The focus of this study is an attempt to consider disputation involvements or experiences of two communities, Ise - Ekiti and Emure Ekiti about land as traditionally conceived. The study found clearly that boundaries created by the colonial government became a problem for Ise and Emure communities who were not satisfied with the British artificial boundary demarcations in Yoruba land. The cases of artificial boundary demarcation had led to communal clashes and destroyed properties between these communities. A combination of historical, descriptive and interpretative methods of data collection and analysis was adopted. The study used both primary and secondary sources. The primary data was sourced through oral interviews. Here, fieldwork was carried out among the people of Ise/ Orun and Emure. The researcher interacted with the prominent chiefs, elders, and women in different categories. Information collected through life experience formed the bedrock of the primary data. Secondary data was generated from various relevant journal articles, newspapers, magazines, textbooks, archival materials, unpublished theses, dissertations, WACA Report and the internet. The study concludes that up till the recent time, the boundary discord between Ise and Emure has mellowed down their cordial relationship. It is important to state that the WACA judgments need to be taken by the supreme court for interpretations.
{"title":"Boundary Discords in Yoruba Land: A Case of Ise/ Emure Crisis from the Earliest Time","authors":"None Buhari Lateef Oluwafemi","doi":"10.33258/polit.v3i1.835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33258/polit.v3i1.835","url":null,"abstract":"Since communities and families held land in trust for all family members, it was determined that individuals did not own any of it. Boundary and territorial disputes often stem from material or cultural claims; sometimes they may also emerge as a result of fundamental changes in domestic environments. The focus of this study is an attempt to consider disputation involvements or experiences of two communities, Ise - Ekiti and Emure Ekiti about land as traditionally conceived. The study found clearly that boundaries created by the colonial government became a problem for Ise and Emure communities who were not satisfied with the British artificial boundary demarcations in Yoruba land. The cases of artificial boundary demarcation had led to communal clashes and destroyed properties between these communities. A combination of historical, descriptive and interpretative methods of data collection and analysis was adopted. The study used both primary and secondary sources. The primary data was sourced through oral interviews. Here, fieldwork was carried out among the people of Ise/ Orun and Emure. The researcher interacted with the prominent chiefs, elders, and women in different categories. Information collected through life experience formed the bedrock of the primary data. Secondary data was generated from various relevant journal articles, newspapers, magazines, textbooks, archival materials, unpublished theses, dissertations, WACA Report and the internet. The study concludes that up till the recent time, the boundary discord between Ise and Emure has mellowed down their cordial relationship. It is important to state that the WACA judgments need to be taken by the supreme court for interpretations.","PeriodicalId":498036,"journal":{"name":"Polit Journal","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135440938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Queen Elizabeth II would be remembered by many as a great queen who ruled and reigned for more than seven decades. Her seventy years of reigned as the British Monarch has imparted the world and the African continent whom she has visited more any other continent even before she was crowned as the British Queen. Indeed, Queen Elizabeth II was even proclaimed as British Queen while in Africa. Although many African leaders have hailed the Queen for the roles she played as the leader of the Commonwealth besides being the crowned Monarch, others have accused her for colonial crimes and harsh British practises administered by British colonial administration in Africa. Accordingly, the Queen ascended into the throne during the peak of decolonisation of Africa. International law protects the Queen in her capacity as the British Monarch and as the head of state or leader of the Commonwealth nations. This article examines reign of Queen Elizabeth II and argued that the British Monarch is protected by international law rule on immunities as the head of state of the Commonwealth nations and as a Constitutional Monarch of the United Kingdom (UK), despite many accusations from the African continent. Consequently, the immunities accorded by customary international to senior state officials also protects the Queen in her capacity as the British Monarch and as head of state to the Commonwealth nations. It further maintains that the position of the Constitutional Monarch exempts them for committing crimes unlike the British Prime Minister who exercises political power and could be charged and prosecuted for international crimes.
{"title":"The Queen can do no Wrong: An Examination of the Reign of Queen Elizabeth II in Africa and the Position of the British Monarch with Regard to International Crimes","authors":"None Aghem Hanson Ekori","doi":"10.33258/polit.v3i1.833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33258/polit.v3i1.833","url":null,"abstract":"Queen Elizabeth II would be remembered by many as a great queen who ruled and reigned for more than seven decades. Her seventy years of reigned as the British Monarch has imparted the world and the African continent whom she has visited more any other continent even before she was crowned as the British Queen. Indeed, Queen Elizabeth II was even proclaimed as British Queen while in Africa. Although many African leaders have hailed the Queen for the roles she played as the leader of the Commonwealth besides being the crowned Monarch, others have accused her for colonial crimes and harsh British practises administered by British colonial administration in Africa. Accordingly, the Queen ascended into the throne during the peak of decolonisation of Africa. International law protects the Queen in her capacity as the British Monarch and as the head of state or leader of the Commonwealth nations. This article examines reign of Queen Elizabeth II and argued that the British Monarch is protected by international law rule on immunities as the head of state of the Commonwealth nations and as a Constitutional Monarch of the United Kingdom (UK), despite many accusations from the African continent. Consequently, the immunities accorded by customary international to senior state officials also protects the Queen in her capacity as the British Monarch and as head of state to the Commonwealth nations. It further maintains that the position of the Constitutional Monarch exempts them for committing crimes unlike the British Prime Minister who exercises political power and could be charged and prosecuted for international crimes.","PeriodicalId":498036,"journal":{"name":"Polit Journal","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135440939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Machiavelli is an underappreciated figure. He is either viewed as an unprincipled, but very Italian figure or treated more fairly, but viewed as a generic European or even Anglicized. This article views Machiavelli as distinctly Italian and as an inheritor of the classical republicanism of Rome on one hand and Aristotle on the other. This article attempts both to explain the modern theory of republicanism and its ancient roots to a wider, more diverse audience and to present Macohiavelli as an Italian thinker, as opposed to as a European thinker. This project is both about ensuring that classical republican is available to persons from all cultures and backgrounds, but also de-Europeanize and de-Anglicize the cultural assumptions around Machiavelli. He is thus best understood as uniquely and irreducibly Italian and also part of a universal movement towards better government. At a time in which majoritarian democracies are out of control all over the world, the checks and balances inherent in classical republicanism serve both as a counterweight and also as a complement to modern democracy.
{"title":"Machiavelli’s Republic: A Better Place to Be","authors":"None Christopher Binetti","doi":"10.33258/polit.v3i1.834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33258/polit.v3i1.834","url":null,"abstract":"Machiavelli is an underappreciated figure. He is either viewed as an unprincipled, but very Italian figure or treated more fairly, but viewed as a generic European or even Anglicized. This article views Machiavelli as distinctly Italian and as an inheritor of the classical republicanism of Rome on one hand and Aristotle on the other. This article attempts both to explain the modern theory of republicanism and its ancient roots to a wider, more diverse audience and to present Macohiavelli as an Italian thinker, as opposed to as a European thinker. This project is both about ensuring that classical republican is available to persons from all cultures and backgrounds, but also de-Europeanize and de-Anglicize the cultural assumptions around Machiavelli. He is thus best understood as uniquely and irreducibly Italian and also part of a universal movement towards better government. At a time in which majoritarian democracies are out of control all over the world, the checks and balances inherent in classical republicanism serve both as a counterweight and also as a complement to modern democracy.","PeriodicalId":498036,"journal":{"name":"Polit Journal","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135440937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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