ABSTRACT Five populations of the invasive species Limnoperna fortunei were studied using polymorphic molecular (nine allozyme loci) and morphological (11 traits) markers in order to understand the patterns of genetic and morphological variability, structure and dispersion dynamics of this species in South America. High levels of genetic variability were found in South American invasive populations, and significant deviations from the Hardy-Weinberg proportions clearly indicated that the invasion process is still under way, probably by means other than natural migration.
{"title":"High Levels of Genetic and Morphological Variability in Invasive Limnoperna fortunei (Dunker, 1857) Populations in South America","authors":"M. Duarte, A. Otegui, F. Fernandes, E. P. Silva","doi":"10.4002/040.062.0106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4002/040.062.0106","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Five populations of the invasive species Limnoperna fortunei were studied using polymorphic molecular (nine allozyme loci) and morphological (11 traits) markers in order to understand the patterns of genetic and morphological variability, structure and dispersion dynamics of this species in South America. High levels of genetic variability were found in South American invasive populations, and significant deviations from the Hardy-Weinberg proportions clearly indicated that the invasion process is still under way, probably by means other than natural migration.","PeriodicalId":49895,"journal":{"name":"Malacologia","volume":"62 1","pages":"171 - 186"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2018-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4002/040.062.0106","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43393309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT The South American freshwater gastropod Pomacea canaliculata is a highly invasive species. In introduced areas, it is a serious crop pest, responsible for great economic loss and ecological damage. It is also a vector of the nematode Angiostrongylus cantonensis that causes human meningoencephalitis. Many aspects and particularly its reproduction have been extensively studied, but little research has been conducted on this species regarding gene expression. To meaningfully interpret quantitative PCR, a powerful technique to develop this kind of study, validation of reference genes is essential but until now has not been undertaken. We selected the female albumen gland for its major role in egg production in order to evaluate the expression stability of the candidate reference genes EF1-α, RPL7, His H3.3, TUBB, 18S RNA, ACTB and GAPDH. Stability was analyzed under different reproductive activity conditions and defined based on three approaches: geNorm, NormFinder and the comparative ΔCt method. NormFinder selected GAPDH and ACTB as the best option to be used for normalization, whereas geNorm and the comparative ΔCt method indicate RPL7, GAPDH, and 18S RNA as the most stable genes under the conditions studied. These results will facilitate reproductive studies, particularly those using qPCR to evaluate factors that may affect fecundity of this conspicuous invasive species.
{"title":"Validation by qPCR of Reference Genes for Reproductive Studies in the Invasive Apple Snail Pomacea canaliculata","authors":"M. Cadierno, M. Dreon, H. Heras","doi":"10.4002/040.062.0105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4002/040.062.0105","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The South American freshwater gastropod Pomacea canaliculata is a highly invasive species. In introduced areas, it is a serious crop pest, responsible for great economic loss and ecological damage. It is also a vector of the nematode Angiostrongylus cantonensis that causes human meningoencephalitis. Many aspects and particularly its reproduction have been extensively studied, but little research has been conducted on this species regarding gene expression. To meaningfully interpret quantitative PCR, a powerful technique to develop this kind of study, validation of reference genes is essential but until now has not been undertaken. We selected the female albumen gland for its major role in egg production in order to evaluate the expression stability of the candidate reference genes EF1-α, RPL7, His H3.3, TUBB, 18S RNA, ACTB and GAPDH. Stability was analyzed under different reproductive activity conditions and defined based on three approaches: geNorm, NormFinder and the comparative ΔCt method. NormFinder selected GAPDH and ACTB as the best option to be used for normalization, whereas geNorm and the comparative ΔCt method indicate RPL7, GAPDH, and 18S RNA as the most stable genes under the conditions studied. These results will facilitate reproductive studies, particularly those using qPCR to evaluate factors that may affect fecundity of this conspicuous invasive species.","PeriodicalId":49895,"journal":{"name":"Malacologia","volume":"62 1","pages":"163 - 170"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2018-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4002/040.062.0105","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43704302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Inobseratella Lindholm, 1924, and the only included species Clausilia (Inobseratella) lantzi Lindholm, 1924, were described by Lindholm (1924) based on a single specimen as the “first Caucasian species, in which there is no clausilium”. However, Likharev (1962) recognized that there is a broken stalk of a clausilium in the holotype. He placed C. lantzi in the synonymy of Armenica brunnea (Rossmässler, 1839). Nordsieck (1979) obviously doubted this identification and classified Inobseratella as incertae sedis. Although the holotype of C. (Inobseratella) lantzi is available in the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences in St.-Petersburg, the identity of the taxon has not been clarified thus far. Clausilia lantzi was one of the first clausiliid species described from the eastern Pontus Mountains. Several endemic species and genera were described later from this region, which might turn out to be junior synonyms of C. lantzi or Inobseratella. We studied the holotype of C. (Inobseratella) lantzi, figured it for the first time and clarified the identity of C. lantzi and Inobseratella to stabilize the nomenclature.
{"title":"The Identity of Inobseratella Lindholm, 1924 and Its Type Species Clausilia lantzi Lindholm, 1924 (Gastropoda: Clausiliidae) from Northeastern Turkey","authors":"F. Walther, B. Hausdorf","doi":"10.4002/040.062.0101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4002/040.062.0101","url":null,"abstract":"Inobseratella Lindholm, 1924, and the only included species Clausilia (Inobseratella) lantzi Lindholm, 1924, were described by Lindholm (1924) based on a single specimen as the “first Caucasian species, in which there is no clausilium”. However, Likharev (1962) recognized that there is a broken stalk of a clausilium in the holotype. He placed C. lantzi in the synonymy of Armenica brunnea (Rossmässler, 1839). Nordsieck (1979) obviously doubted this identification and classified Inobseratella as incertae sedis. Although the holotype of C. (Inobseratella) lantzi is available in the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences in St.-Petersburg, the identity of the taxon has not been clarified thus far. Clausilia lantzi was one of the first clausiliid species described from the eastern Pontus Mountains. Several endemic species and genera were described later from this region, which might turn out to be junior synonyms of C. lantzi or Inobseratella. We studied the holotype of C. (Inobseratella) lantzi, figured it for the first time and clarified the identity of C. lantzi and Inobseratella to stabilize the nomenclature.","PeriodicalId":49895,"journal":{"name":"Malacologia","volume":"62 1","pages":"189 - 194"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2018-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4002/040.062.0101","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49560509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Nekola, S. Chiba, Brian F. Coles, C. Drost, T. Proschwitz, M. Horsák
ABSTRACT We document global phylogenetic pattern in the pupillid land snail genus Vertigo by analyses of nDNA (ITS1 and ITS2) and mtDNA (CytB and 16S) sequence from 424 individuals representing 91 putative specific and subspecific Vertigo taxa. nDNA and mtDNA data were separately subjected to neighbor-joining, minimum evolution, maximum likelihood and Bayesian reconstruction methods, with conclusions being drawn from shared topological structures. Six highly supported, reciprocally monophyletic subgeneric level clades were identified: Vertigo, Alaea, Boreovertigo new subgenus, Isthmia, Staurodon and Vertilla. 88 species or subspecies were also confirmed, nine of which are new and formally described herein: V. beringiana, V. chiricahuensis, V. chytryi, V. genesioides, V. kodamai, V. kurilensis, V. lilljeborgi vinlandica, V. pimuensis and V. pisewensis. Thirteen taxa were synonymized: V. arthuri basidens, V. arthuri hubrichti, V. arthuri paradoxa (= V. arthuri); V. allyniana (= V. modesta); V. andrusiana (= V. columbiana); V. conecuhensis (= V. alabamensis); V. dedecora tamagonari (= V. dedecora); V. elatior, V. idahoensis (= V. ventricosa); V. eogea (= V. ovata); V. modesta insculpta (= V. modesta concinnula), V. modesta microphasma, V. modesta sculptilis (= V. modesta castanea). Qualitative observations of conchological features, ecological preferences and geographic coverage were conducted for each subgenus and genetically supported species or subspecies-level taxon. These demonstrated that: (1) a suite of diagnostic shell features usually exists to demarcate each species-level taxon; (2) shell features were incapable of defining genetically validated subgenera; (3) all subgenera had transcontinental ranges; (4) ⅓ of all species possess continental or trans-continental ranges, with very few having range extents < 1,000 km; (5) all subgenera and fully ⅔ of global Vertigo species and subspecies are found in North America, more than 2.5 times the number found in central and eastern Asia, the second most diverse region. This is similar to several other molluscan groups, such as the polygyrid land snails and unionid bivalves for which North America is the global biodiversity hotspot.
摘要:我们通过分析来自91个推测的Vertigo特异性和亚特异性分类群的424个个体的nDNA (ITS1和ITS2)和mtDNA (CytB和16S)序列，记录了眩晕螺属的全球系统发育模式。nDNA和mtDNA数据分别采用邻居连接、最小进化、最大似然和贝叶斯重建方法，从共享的拓扑结构中得出结论。鉴定出了眩晕、Alaea、Boreovertigo新亚属、Isthmia、Staurodon和Vertilla 6个高度支持、相互独立的亚属水平分支。另外还鉴定出了88个新种或亚种，其中9个为本文正式描述的新种或亚种:V. beringiana、V. chiricahuensis、V. chytryi、V. genesioides、V. kodamai、V. kurilensis、V. lilljeborgi vinlandica、V. pimuensis和V. pisewensis。13个分类群同名化:basidens . arthuri, hubrichti . arthuri, paradoxa . arthuri;V. allyniana (= V. modesta);安德鲁西弧菌(=哥伦比亚弧菌);紫锥虫(V. conecuhensis);dedecora tamagonari (= V. dedecora);V. relation, V. idahoensis (= V. ventricular);V. ogea (= V. ovata);雕花紫藓(=紫藓coninnula)，微phasma紫藓，雕花紫藓(=紫藓castanea)。对每个亚属和遗传支持的种或亚种级分类单元进行了心理特征、生态偏好和地理覆盖度的定性观察。这些结果表明:(1)通常存在一套诊断性的贝壳特征来划分每个种级分类群;(2)外壳特征不能定义遗传验证的亚属;(3)所有亚属均有跨大陆分布;(4)三分之一的物种分布在大陆或跨大陆范围内，很少有物种的分布范围小于1000公里;(5)全球眩晕病的所有亚属和三分之二的种和亚种分布在北美，是中亚和东亚发现的数量的2.5倍以上，是第二多的地区。这与其他几个软体动物类群类似，比如北美是全球生物多样性热点的多格陆蜗牛和联合双壳类。
{"title":"A Phylogenetic Overview of the Genus Vertigo O. F. Müller, 1773 (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Pupillidae: Vertigininae)","authors":"J. Nekola, S. Chiba, Brian F. Coles, C. Drost, T. Proschwitz, M. Horsák","doi":"10.4002/040.062.0104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4002/040.062.0104","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT We document global phylogenetic pattern in the pupillid land snail genus Vertigo by analyses of nDNA (ITS1 and ITS2) and mtDNA (CytB and 16S) sequence from 424 individuals representing 91 putative specific and subspecific Vertigo taxa. nDNA and mtDNA data were separately subjected to neighbor-joining, minimum evolution, maximum likelihood and Bayesian reconstruction methods, with conclusions being drawn from shared topological structures. Six highly supported, reciprocally monophyletic subgeneric level clades were identified: Vertigo, Alaea, Boreovertigo new subgenus, Isthmia, Staurodon and Vertilla. 88 species or subspecies were also confirmed, nine of which are new and formally described herein: V. beringiana, V. chiricahuensis, V. chytryi, V. genesioides, V. kodamai, V. kurilensis, V. lilljeborgi vinlandica, V. pimuensis and V. pisewensis. Thirteen taxa were synonymized: V. arthuri basidens, V. arthuri hubrichti, V. arthuri paradoxa (= V. arthuri); V. allyniana (= V. modesta); V. andrusiana (= V. columbiana); V. conecuhensis (= V. alabamensis); V. dedecora tamagonari (= V. dedecora); V. elatior, V. idahoensis (= V. ventricosa); V. eogea (= V. ovata); V. modesta insculpta (= V. modesta concinnula), V. modesta microphasma, V. modesta sculptilis (= V. modesta castanea). Qualitative observations of conchological features, ecological preferences and geographic coverage were conducted for each subgenus and genetically supported species or subspecies-level taxon. These demonstrated that: (1) a suite of diagnostic shell features usually exists to demarcate each species-level taxon; (2) shell features were incapable of defining genetically validated subgenera; (3) all subgenera had transcontinental ranges; (4) ⅓ of all species possess continental or trans-continental ranges, with very few having range extents < 1,000 km; (5) all subgenera and fully ⅔ of global Vertigo species and subspecies are found in North America, more than 2.5 times the number found in central and eastern Asia, the second most diverse region. This is similar to several other molluscan groups, such as the polygyrid land snails and unionid bivalves for which North America is the global biodiversity hotspot.","PeriodicalId":49895,"journal":{"name":"Malacologia","volume":"62 1","pages":"161 - 21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2018-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4002/040.062.0104","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43225384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT Punctum lozeki, new species, is described from damp forests and meadows of southern Siberia, Central Siberian plateau, southern Far East (Russia) and Alaska. The species is characterized by a very narrow deep funnel-shaped umbilicus and tumid whorls that expand rapidly in diameter. It was recorded at 21 sites, and it seems to be a rare species, particularly in Asia, being found at only approximately 5% of all explored and potentially suitable sites. It was limited to wet and mesic taiga, mostly inhabiting brook alluviums, wet calcium-rich woodlands, and treeless sedge marshes. It is only the third Punctum species, along with P. pygmaeum and P. ussuriense, currently recognized in extratropical Eurasia. It also seems to represent another example of a species with a Beringian distribution stretching from Alaska in North America to the Altai Mountains in Central Asia.
{"title":"Punctum lozeki N. Sp. — A New Minute Land-Snail Species (Gastropoda: Punctidae) from Siberia and Alaska","authors":"M. Horsák, S. Meng","doi":"10.4002/040.062.0103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4002/040.062.0103","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Punctum lozeki, new species, is described from damp forests and meadows of southern Siberia, Central Siberian plateau, southern Far East (Russia) and Alaska. The species is characterized by a very narrow deep funnel-shaped umbilicus and tumid whorls that expand rapidly in diameter. It was recorded at 21 sites, and it seems to be a rare species, particularly in Asia, being found at only approximately 5% of all explored and potentially suitable sites. It was limited to wet and mesic taiga, mostly inhabiting brook alluviums, wet calcium-rich woodlands, and treeless sedge marshes. It is only the third Punctum species, along with P. pygmaeum and P. ussuriense, currently recognized in extratropical Eurasia. It also seems to represent another example of a species with a Beringian distribution stretching from Alaska in North America to the Altai Mountains in Central Asia.","PeriodicalId":49895,"journal":{"name":"Malacologia","volume":"62 1","pages":"11 - 20"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4002/040.062.0103","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46835265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Bouchet, J. Rocroi, B. Hausdorf, A. Kaim, Y. Kano, A. Nützel, P. Parkhaev, M. Schrödl, E. Strong
ABSTRACT 2,604 names at the rank of subtribe, tribe, subfamily, family and superfamily have been proposed for Recent and fossil gastropods, and another 35 for monoplacophorans. All names are listed in a nomenclator giving full bibliographical reference, date of publication, typification, and their nomenclatural availability and validity under the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Another 790 names, established for categories above the familygroup (infraorder to subclass) are listed separately. A fully ranked, hierarchical classification summarizes recent advances in the phylogeny of the Gastropoda and Monoplacophora. In all, the classification recognizes as valid a total of 721 gastropod families, of which 245 are known exclusively as fossils and 476 occur in the Recent with or without a fossil record; and 20 monoplacophoran families, of which 1 only occurs as Recent. Nomenclatural acts in this work: Amberleya bathonica Cox & Arkell, 1950, fixed as type species of Amberleya J. Morris & Lycett, 1851, under Art. 70.3; Ampezzopleura tenuis Nützel, 1998, fixed as type species of Ampezzopleura Bandel, 1991, under Art. 70.3; Proserpina nitida G. B. Sowerby II, 1839, designated type species of Despoena Newton, 1891; Buccinum glabratum Linnaeus, 1758, designated type species of Dipsaccus H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853; Murex ficus Linnaeus, 1758, designated type species of Ficula Swainson, 1835; Oncomelania hupensis Gredler, 1881, designated type species of Hemibia Heude, 1890; Murex metaxa Delle Chiaje, 1828, fixed as type species of Metaxia Monterosato, 1884 under Art. 70.3; Neridomus anglicus Cox & Arkell, 1950, fixed as type species of Neridomus J. Morris & Lycett, 1851, under Art. 70.3; Navicella clypeolum Récluz, 1843, designated type species of Orthopoma Gray, 1868; Trochus viadrinus M. Schmidt, 1905, fixed as type species of Parataphrus Chavan, 1954 under Art. 70.3; Helix pomatia Linnaeus, 1758, designated type species of Pentataenia A. Schmidt, 1855; Flammulina ponsonbyi Suter, 1897, fixed as type species of Phenacohelix Suter, 1892, under Art. 70.3; Cyrtolites corniculum Eichwald, 1860, fixed as type species of Pollicina Koken, 1895, under Art. 70.3; Purpurina elegantula d'Orbigny, 1850, designated as type species of Purpurina d'Orbigny, 1850, and lectotype of Turbo bellona d'Orbigny, 1850, designated as neotype of Purpurina elegantula; Pyramidella minuscula Monterosato, 1880, fixed as type species of Tiberia Jeffreys, 1884, under Art. 70.3; Cyclostoma delicatum Philippi, 1844, fixed as type species of Trachysma G. O. Sars, 1878, under Art. 70.3; Helix elegans Gmelin, 1791, fixed as type species of Trochoidea T. Brown, 1827, under Art. 70.3; Turritellopsis stimpsoni Dall, 1919, fixed as type species of Turritellopsis G. O. Sars, 1878, under Art. 70.3; Fusus averillii Gabb, 1864, fixed as type species of Volutoderma Gabb, 1876, under Art. 70.3; Voluta pepo Lightfoot, 1786, fixed as type species of Yetus Bowdich, 1822. Curnonidae d'Udekem
{"title":"Revised Classification, Nomenclator and Typification of Gastropod and Monoplacophoran Families","authors":"P. Bouchet, J. Rocroi, B. Hausdorf, A. Kaim, Y. Kano, A. Nützel, P. Parkhaev, M. Schrödl, E. Strong","doi":"10.4002/040.061.0201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4002/040.061.0201","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT 2,604 names at the rank of subtribe, tribe, subfamily, family and superfamily have been proposed for Recent and fossil gastropods, and another 35 for monoplacophorans. All names are listed in a nomenclator giving full bibliographical reference, date of publication, typification, and their nomenclatural availability and validity under the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Another 790 names, established for categories above the familygroup (infraorder to subclass) are listed separately. A fully ranked, hierarchical classification summarizes recent advances in the phylogeny of the Gastropoda and Monoplacophora. In all, the classification recognizes as valid a total of 721 gastropod families, of which 245 are known exclusively as fossils and 476 occur in the Recent with or without a fossil record; and 20 monoplacophoran families, of which 1 only occurs as Recent. Nomenclatural acts in this work: Amberleya bathonica Cox & Arkell, 1950, fixed as type species of Amberleya J. Morris & Lycett, 1851, under Art. 70.3; Ampezzopleura tenuis Nützel, 1998, fixed as type species of Ampezzopleura Bandel, 1991, under Art. 70.3; Proserpina nitida G. B. Sowerby II, 1839, designated type species of Despoena Newton, 1891; Buccinum glabratum Linnaeus, 1758, designated type species of Dipsaccus H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853; Murex ficus Linnaeus, 1758, designated type species of Ficula Swainson, 1835; Oncomelania hupensis Gredler, 1881, designated type species of Hemibia Heude, 1890; Murex metaxa Delle Chiaje, 1828, fixed as type species of Metaxia Monterosato, 1884 under Art. 70.3; Neridomus anglicus Cox & Arkell, 1950, fixed as type species of Neridomus J. Morris & Lycett, 1851, under Art. 70.3; Navicella clypeolum Récluz, 1843, designated type species of Orthopoma Gray, 1868; Trochus viadrinus M. Schmidt, 1905, fixed as type species of Parataphrus Chavan, 1954 under Art. 70.3; Helix pomatia Linnaeus, 1758, designated type species of Pentataenia A. Schmidt, 1855; Flammulina ponsonbyi Suter, 1897, fixed as type species of Phenacohelix Suter, 1892, under Art. 70.3; Cyrtolites corniculum Eichwald, 1860, fixed as type species of Pollicina Koken, 1895, under Art. 70.3; Purpurina elegantula d'Orbigny, 1850, designated as type species of Purpurina d'Orbigny, 1850, and lectotype of Turbo bellona d'Orbigny, 1850, designated as neotype of Purpurina elegantula; Pyramidella minuscula Monterosato, 1880, fixed as type species of Tiberia Jeffreys, 1884, under Art. 70.3; Cyclostoma delicatum Philippi, 1844, fixed as type species of Trachysma G. O. Sars, 1878, under Art. 70.3; Helix elegans Gmelin, 1791, fixed as type species of Trochoidea T. Brown, 1827, under Art. 70.3; Turritellopsis stimpsoni Dall, 1919, fixed as type species of Turritellopsis G. O. Sars, 1878, under Art. 70.3; Fusus averillii Gabb, 1864, fixed as type species of Volutoderma Gabb, 1876, under Art. 70.3; Voluta pepo Lightfoot, 1786, fixed as type species of Yetus Bowdich, 1822. Curnonidae d'Udekem","PeriodicalId":49895,"journal":{"name":"Malacologia","volume":"25 1-2","pages":"1 - 526"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4002/040.061.0201","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41309169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT Rudolph Amandus Philippi (known in Chile as Rodulfo Amando Philippi), was one of the longest-lived and most prolific malacologists of the 19th century, as his scientific work began in Germany in the 1830s and continued unabated until his death in Chile in 1904. Philippi contributed significantly to malacology: he described over 2,500 new taxa of Recent and fossil molluscs from around the world (2,528 species, 40 genera and three families), particularly from Italy and Chile, and discussed numerous taxa described by other authors. Philippi initially published primarily on Recent and fossil molluscs from Europe in the 1830s, then expanded to marine molluscs from around the world by the 1840s. In 1851, Philippi escaped the German Revolution by emigrating to Chile, where in 1853 he became the director of what is now the Museo Nacional de Historia Natural (Santiago) and a professor at the Universidad de Chile. Philippi's contributions to malacology after his move to Chile were primarily on the fossil molluscs of Chile. Philippi also made significant contributions to the systematics of numerous other animal taxa as well as in botany. In a companion paper (Kabat & Coan, 2017), we provide an analysis of Philippi's life and scientific contributions. This paper catalogs Philippi's malacological publications and taxa.
Rudolph Amandus Philippi(在智利被称为Rodulfo Amando Philippi)是19世纪最长寿和最多产的孔雀学家之一，他的科学工作于19世纪30年代在德国开始，并一直持续到1904年在智利去世。Philippi对软体动物学做出了重大贡献:他描述了来自世界各地的近软体动物和化石的2500多个新分类群(2528种，40属，3科)，特别是来自意大利和智利，并讨论了其他作者描述的许多分类群。Philippi最初在19世纪30年代主要发表来自欧洲的近代和化石软体动物，然后在19世纪40年代扩展到来自世界各地的海洋软体动物。1851年，菲利皮逃离德国革命，移民到智利。1853年，他成为圣地亚哥国立自然历史博物馆(Museo Nacional de Historia Natural)馆长，并成为智利大学教授。菲利皮移居智利后对malacology的贡献主要集中在智利的软体动物化石上。菲立比在许多其他动物分类群的系统分类学以及植物学方面也作出了重大贡献。在一篇配套论文(Kabat & Coan, 2017)中，我们对Philippi的生活和科学贡献进行了分析。本文对Philippi的线虫学出版物和分类群进行了编目。
{"title":"The Malacological Contributions of Rudolph Amandus Philippi (1808–1904)","authors":"E. Coan, A. Kabat","doi":"10.4002/040.060.0108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4002/040.060.0108","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Rudolph Amandus Philippi (known in Chile as Rodulfo Amando Philippi), was one of the longest-lived and most prolific malacologists of the 19th century, as his scientific work began in Germany in the 1830s and continued unabated until his death in Chile in 1904. Philippi contributed significantly to malacology: he described over 2,500 new taxa of Recent and fossil molluscs from around the world (2,528 species, 40 genera and three families), particularly from Italy and Chile, and discussed numerous taxa described by other authors. Philippi initially published primarily on Recent and fossil molluscs from Europe in the 1830s, then expanded to marine molluscs from around the world by the 1840s. In 1851, Philippi escaped the German Revolution by emigrating to Chile, where in 1853 he became the director of what is now the Museo Nacional de Historia Natural (Santiago) and a professor at the Universidad de Chile. Philippi's contributions to malacology after his move to Chile were primarily on the fossil molluscs of Chile. Philippi also made significant contributions to the systematics of numerous other animal taxa as well as in botany. In a companion paper (Kabat & Coan, 2017), we provide an analysis of Philippi's life and scientific contributions. This paper catalogs Philippi's malacological publications and taxa.","PeriodicalId":49895,"journal":{"name":"Malacologia","volume":"60 1","pages":"31 - 322"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2017-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4002/040.060.0108","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46462426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT This paper provides a biography of Rudolph Amandus Philippi (1808–1904), emphasizing his malacological research and his contributions to the natural history of Chile. Philippi is one of the most important, yet overlooked malacologists of the 19th century. He authored significant publications on the Recent and fossil molluscs of Sicily; the Oligocene fossil molluscs of northern Germany; the Jurassic to Recent molluscs of Chile, and marine molluscs from around the world. Philippi was also an instrumental contributor to both the Zeitschrift für Malakozoologie and the second edition of the Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet, and he founded the Abbildungen und Beschreibungen neuer oder wenig gekannter Conchylien. In a companion paper (Coan & Kabat, 2017), we provide an annotated catalog of the 2,528 species, 40 genera and 3 families that he described in the Mollusca, and a full bibliography, with collations, of Philippi's numerous malacological publications.
{"title":"The Life and Work of Rudolph Amandus Philippi (1808–1904)","authors":"A. Kabat, E. Coan","doi":"10.4002/040.060.0103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4002/040.060.0103","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper provides a biography of Rudolph Amandus Philippi (1808–1904), emphasizing his malacological research and his contributions to the natural history of Chile. Philippi is one of the most important, yet overlooked malacologists of the 19th century. He authored significant publications on the Recent and fossil molluscs of Sicily; the Oligocene fossil molluscs of northern Germany; the Jurassic to Recent molluscs of Chile, and marine molluscs from around the world. Philippi was also an instrumental contributor to both the Zeitschrift für Malakozoologie and the second edition of the Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet, and he founded the Abbildungen und Beschreibungen neuer oder wenig gekannter Conchylien. In a companion paper (Coan & Kabat, 2017), we provide an annotated catalog of the 2,528 species, 40 genera and 3 families that he described in the Mollusca, and a full bibliography, with collations, of Philippi's numerous malacological publications.","PeriodicalId":49895,"journal":{"name":"Malacologia","volume":"60 1","pages":"1 - 30"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2017-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4002/040.060.0103","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47119519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Vales, J. Hernández-Orts, C. Durante, Ailin Sosa Drouville, N. García, E. Crespo, N. Ortíz
Fil: Vales, Damian Gustavo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagonico. Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos; Argentina
{"title":"Argonauta nodosus (Cephalopoda: Argonautidae) in Patagonian Waters","authors":"D. Vales, J. Hernández-Orts, C. Durante, Ailin Sosa Drouville, N. García, E. Crespo, N. Ortíz","doi":"10.4002/040.062.0211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4002/040.062.0211","url":null,"abstract":"Fil: Vales, Damian Gustavo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagonico. Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos; Argentina","PeriodicalId":49895,"journal":{"name":"Malacologia","volume":"62 1","pages":"367 - 371"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45843321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Debattam Sarkar, S. Bardhan, Subhronil Mondal, Anirban Das, Arijit Pahari, D. Buragohain, Sandip Saha
ABSTRACT Predator-prey interaction, especially drilling and shell-breaking predation pressure, caused significant evolutionary changes within these predator-prey communities. Although temporal trends are well understood in prey assemblages, studies to trace such changes within taxonspecific clades up to Recent times have been rare. Here, we studied both the drilling and shell-breaking predation on Recent terebrid gastropods from the Indian subcontinent and compared the results with a newly updated, global database. The major part of our data came from a large collection reposited in the archive of the Zoological Survey of India in Kolkata for more than 100 years. Detailed analyses of this study based on a newly raised, global database revealed the following findings: (1) Drilling frequency (DF) of Indian terebrids was low, but consistent with the DF of only available but limited data provided by Vermeij et al. (1980). In comparison, peeling frequency (PF) in Indian terebrids appeared to be highest in the world; (2) DF showed latitudinal variation, that is, higher incidence of drilling occurred in higher latitudes; no such pattern emerged from the PF data; (3) drillholes were site-stereotyped, which suggested that Recent naticid drillers were escalated; (4) shell ornaments failed to protect against durophagy; (5) shell shape and thickness had different impact against different modes of predation. While slender and thicker shells were almost immune to drilling predation, no such relation existed for peeling predation; (6) on the other hand, body size appears to have evolved as anti-predatory traits in Recent terebrids. Larger species had low DF and high PF values; (7) temporally, DF showed fluctuating pattern, with modern values showing declining trend. This was perhaps due to increase in body size and behavioural change of the terebrid gastropods. Unfortunately, no peeling frequency data for this clade was available from the fossil record.
{"title":"Predation on Recent Terebrid Gastropods from the Indian Subcontinent and a Spatiotemporal Reappraisal Based on a Revised Global Database","authors":"Debattam Sarkar, S. Bardhan, Subhronil Mondal, Anirban Das, Arijit Pahari, D. Buragohain, Sandip Saha","doi":"10.4002/040.059.0207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4002/040.059.0207","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Predator-prey interaction, especially drilling and shell-breaking predation pressure, caused significant evolutionary changes within these predator-prey communities. Although temporal trends are well understood in prey assemblages, studies to trace such changes within taxonspecific clades up to Recent times have been rare. Here, we studied both the drilling and shell-breaking predation on Recent terebrid gastropods from the Indian subcontinent and compared the results with a newly updated, global database. The major part of our data came from a large collection reposited in the archive of the Zoological Survey of India in Kolkata for more than 100 years. Detailed analyses of this study based on a newly raised, global database revealed the following findings: (1) Drilling frequency (DF) of Indian terebrids was low, but consistent with the DF of only available but limited data provided by Vermeij et al. (1980). In comparison, peeling frequency (PF) in Indian terebrids appeared to be highest in the world; (2) DF showed latitudinal variation, that is, higher incidence of drilling occurred in higher latitudes; no such pattern emerged from the PF data; (3) drillholes were site-stereotyped, which suggested that Recent naticid drillers were escalated; (4) shell ornaments failed to protect against durophagy; (5) shell shape and thickness had different impact against different modes of predation. While slender and thicker shells were almost immune to drilling predation, no such relation existed for peeling predation; (6) on the other hand, body size appears to have evolved as anti-predatory traits in Recent terebrids. Larger species had low DF and high PF values; (7) temporally, DF showed fluctuating pattern, with modern values showing declining trend. This was perhaps due to increase in body size and behavioural change of the terebrid gastropods. Unfortunately, no peeling frequency data for this clade was available from the fossil record.","PeriodicalId":49895,"journal":{"name":"Malacologia","volume":"59 1","pages":"271 - 302"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4002/040.059.0207","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70086424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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