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Biological Pollution in Libraries: A Case Study of the King Abdulaziz Public Libray, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 图书馆的生物污染:以沙特阿拉伯王国阿卜杜勒阿齐兹国王公共图书馆为例
Pub Date : 2021-06-09 DOI: 10.11648/j.ajist.20210502.14
N. Algoblan, Nehal Fouad Ismael, S. Al-Mijalli
Biological pollution is a main problem that threatens the environment because of its great risks that negatively affect human health. Such risk is more increased in closed spaces than open ones. Being closed and insufficiently ventilated environment, libraries are highly liable to biological pollution and they may become fertile environments for the causes of pollution. The present study aims at measuring how extent the biological pollution level is in the King Abdulaziz public library in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and how suitable and safe it is as a workplace to librarians and reading place for visitors. It also reveals the librarians' awareness and understanding of biological pollution and its risks. The study uses case study approach and the experimental method to achieve the objectives and answer the questions it raised. It concludes that King Abdelaziz Public library suffers from high air pollution and books may form the most concentrated colonies of bacteria. It finally recommends that environmental factors that help the growth and reproduction of microbes in the internal library environment must be under control, library pollution level must be measured periodically, laws and regulations that maintain a healthy environment for librarians should be enacted and regulated and must be Implemented an environmental management system that contributes effectively to eliminate pollution
生物污染是威胁环境的一个主要问题,因为它对人类健康有很大的负面影响。这种风险在封闭空间比在开放空间更大。图书馆作为封闭、通风不充分的环境,极易受到生物污染,可能成为污染源的滋生环境。本研究旨在测量沙特阿拉伯王国阿卜杜勒阿齐兹国王公共图书馆的生物污染程度,以及它作为图书馆员工作场所和游客阅读场所的适宜性和安全性。揭示了图书馆员对生物污染及其风险的认识和认识。本研究采用案例研究法和实验法来实现研究目标并回答研究提出的问题。研究得出结论,阿卜杜勒阿齐兹国王公共图书馆空气污染严重,书籍可能是细菌最集中的菌落。最后建议控制图书馆内部环境中有助于微生物生长繁殖的环境因素,定期测量图书馆污染水平,制定和规范维护馆员健康环境的法律法规,实施有助于有效消除污染的环境管理体系
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引用次数: 0
Inhibitors to the Electronic Teaching and Learning of Library Science in the Nigerian Universities of the Post-COVID-19 Pandemic Era and the Way Forward 后covid -19大流行时代尼日利亚大学图书馆学电子教学的阻碍因素及前进方向
Pub Date : 2021-05-31 DOI: 10.11648/j.ajist.20210502.13
T. Akinde
This is a review of the extant literature on inhibitors to the electronic teaching and learning of Library and Information Science (LIS) in Nigerian universities. The university-wide inhibitors as identified by the study are non-provision or inadequacy of: funding, administrative and infrastructural supports, functional ICT laboratories/tools, ICT-compliant teaching staff and standby and responsive technical support for both teachers and students. Library schools’ inhibitors include poor maintenance culture, lack of Internet presence, dedicated bandwidth and active websites while the teaching and learning inhibitors highlighted by the study are (older) teachers’ poor attitude, concerns on how to retain the copyright of their lecture contents, plagiarism and the quality of students’ work; fear of additional workload which may result in stress and burnt-out; lack of freedom or teaching autonomy (as teaching may now take the collaborations of colleagues, computer experts and instructional/graphic designers); teachers’/students’ poor expertise and technology background and nature of course, among others. The author made suggestions on the way forward for an increased and a sustainable integration of ICTs in teaching and learning, especially in this Post-COVID-19 Pandemic Era where physical contact and interactions may need to be reduced to the barest minimum to contain contagious communication and consequent health hazards. This review has implications for library educators, students and educational managers in the universities of other developing countries.
本文对尼日利亚大学图书馆与情报学(LIS)电子教学的阻碍因素进行了综述。该研究确定的全校范围的阻碍因素是:资金、行政和基础设施支持、功能ICT实验室/工具、符合ICT标准的教学人员以及对教师和学生的备用和响应性技术支持不提供或不足。图书馆学校的阻碍因素包括维护文化差,缺乏互联网存在,专用带宽和活跃的网站,而研究强调的教学和学习阻碍因素是(年长)教师态度差,关心如何保留其讲座内容的版权,抄袭和学生的工作质量;担心额外的工作量可能会导致压力和倦怠;缺乏自由或教学自主权(因为教学现在可能需要同事、计算机专家和教学/图形设计师的合作);教师/学生的专业知识和技术背景差,当然还有性质等等。作者就如何进一步和可持续地将信息通信技术融入教学和学习提出了建议,特别是在covid -19大流行后的时代,可能需要将身体接触和互动减少到最低限度,以遏制传染性传播和由此产生的健康危害。本文对其他发展中国家的大学图书馆工作者、学生和教育管理者具有一定的启示意义。
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引用次数: 2
Some Characterization of the Function Space Type of Lebesgue−Morrey Lebesgue - Morrey函数空间类型的一些表征
Pub Date : 2021-05-14 DOI: 10.11648/J.AJIST.20210502.12
Rena Eldar Kizi Kerbalayeva
As in many areas of Mathematics, we need precise definition and some characterization of function space in order to be absolutely clear. This paper seeks to do that and introduces new definitions and notations to aid our study. I also look at reversible processes of proofs and a new type of function spaces. In this scientific paper we have studied new sub of functions, sub of space of these functions. The new function spaces were investigated in this paper. In the present scientific work we have studied the differentiability functions, some differentiability properties of this type function and in particular, characterization of the differentiability spaces for the functions many groups of variables. At the start of this paper, you will see list of markings that are covered in the paper. Then I gave definition of new normed funksion spase. Following you can see several caharacterization of these spaces and proofs of these caracterization too. Finally, there is connection, known as the Fundamental Analysis, between functions and derivatives of these functions which makes the characterization of functions spaces as a practical tool for science and engineering. The function space is also use to solve many interesting problems some scientific branches like economics, finance, informatics and probability.
在数学的许多领域,我们需要精确的定义和函数空间的一些特征,以便绝对清楚。本文试图做到这一点,并介绍了新的定义和符号,以帮助我们的研究。我还研究了可逆的证明过程和一种新型的函数空间。在这篇科学论文中,我们研究了函数的新子,这些函数的空间子。本文研究了新的函数空间。在目前的科学工作中,我们研究了可微函数,这类函数的一些可微性质,特别是多变量群函数的可微空间的表征。在本文的开头,你会看到一份包含在本文中的标记列表。在此基础上给出了新归一化模糊空间的定义。下面你可以看到这些空间的几个特征化以及这些特征化的证明。最后,在函数和这些函数的导数之间存在联系,称为基本分析,这使得函数空间的表征成为科学和工程的实用工具。函数空间也被用于解决经济学、金融学、信息学和概率论等科学分支的许多有趣问题。
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引用次数: 1
The Use of Internet for Seeking Health Information Among Narh-Bita College Students: A Cross-sectional Study 纳比塔省大学生网际网路搜寻健康资讯之现况研究
Pub Date : 2021-05-08 DOI: 10.11648/J.AJIST.20210502.11
Z. Abukari
The Internet provides information on a variety of subjects including health-related information. Access to Internet health information could potentially promote healthy adolescents' lifestyles. Consequently, this may reduce the number of common illness among the youth and thereby reducing the overall cases at health centers. This study was carried out to examine the use of Internet for seeking health information among Narh-Bita College students, Tema, Ghana. The study was a quantitative cross-sectional survey with a convenience sampling method. The study covered one hundred and sixty-one (161) students. The results revealed that the students were active users of the Internet and majority of them were using the Internet for seeking health information. The findings of the study also showed that the surveyed students considered obtained Internet health information useful. In addition, the participants confirmed that obtaining Internet health information had improved the way they took care of themselves. The results further revealed that health information obtained from the Internet was having influence on the students with regards to their interactions with health care providers and their medical decision-making. The study therefore concludes that students of higher education of learning are active Internet users as well as high consumers of Internet health information despite the fact that advanced searching skills among the sampled students seemed problematic. Hence, the study recommends that electronic searching training sessions should be organized on regular basis for the students in addiction to making e-health information easily accessible to all.
因特网提供各种主题的信息,包括与健康有关的信息。获取互联网健康信息有可能促进青少年健康的生活方式。因此,这可能会减少青年中常见疾病的数量,从而减少保健中心的总病例。本研究旨在调查加纳特马Narh-Bita学院学生使用互联网寻求健康信息的情况。本研究采用方便抽样的定量横断面调查方法。这项研究覆盖了161名学生。结果显示,学生是互联网的活跃用户,其中大多数人使用互联网寻求健康信息。研究结果还显示,受访学生认为从互联网获取的健康信息是有用的。此外,参与者证实,获取互联网健康信息改善了他们照顾自己的方式。结果进一步表明,从互联网获取的健康信息对学生与医疗服务提供者的互动和医疗决策产生了影响。因此,该研究得出结论,高等教育的学生是活跃的互联网用户,也是互联网健康信息的高消费者,尽管抽样学生的高级搜索技能似乎存在问题。因此,该研究建议,应定期为沉迷于使所有人都能轻松获取电子卫生信息的学生组织电子搜索培训课程。
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引用次数: 0
Observance of COVID 19 Protocols and Effective Use of Library Resources and Services in the State Universities in North Central, Nigeria 尼日利亚中北部州立大学遵守COVID - 19协议并有效利用图书馆资源和服务
Pub Date : 2021-02-23 DOI: 10.11648/J.AJIST.20210501.12
Nathaniel Agbo Oche
The emergence of COVID 19 has led to total or partial lockdown around the world, thereby restricting movements as well as physical contacts. COVID 19 could be contracted through touching infected book shelves, books, catalogue cabinet, reading carrels and tables, among others. At the same time, adequate information is required to prevent and manage the virus from spreading. The study examined the observance of COVID-19 protocols and effective use of library resources and services in State Universities in North Central, Nigeria. Descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. The population of the study is 163 library staff. This comprised of the entire library staff in the six state owned universities in North Central, Nigeria. Online survey was conducted using Google form between 15th and 14th of December, 2020. The link to the Google form was shared via individual and group social media platforms of the staff so as to increase the response rate. Data collected was analyzed using frequency distribution table, chart, percentage and mean with the aid of SPSS version 23. The findings revealed among other things that; library services are poorly provided by university libraries during COVID-19 lockdown in state owned university libraries in North Central, Nigeria. Majority of the respondents agreed that their library posted updates about COVID-19 on library blog, websites, portals etc. and use of social media for library services delivery during COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. Other services like; Ask Librarian virtual reference service, electronic delivery service, providing access to e-books, providing access to e-journals, providing OPAC as tool for browsing and searching the library collection, providing access to students' electronic thesis and dissertation, electronic Newspaper Clipping Depository and so on were poorly provided. Also, it was revealed that the observance of COVID-19 protocols affected effective use of library resources and services. It was also revealed that; erratic power supply, lack of adequate electronic resources in the library, lack of funds to fumigate library environment, lack of internet access in the library, nonchalant attitude of staff towards observing COVID-19 protocols, lack of adequate accommodation in the library to observe social distancing, and inadequate digital skills to adopt online services and so on, as major challenges. The study however, recommended among other things that; the library management should provide adequate digital skills training to their staff so as to adopt online services in this COVID-19 period. Adequate infrastructural facilities should be made available and accessible.
COVID - 19的出现导致世界各地全面或部分封锁,从而限制了人员流动和身体接触。接触被感染的书架、书籍、目录柜、书柜和桌子等都可能感染COVID - 19。同时,需要充分的信息来预防和管理病毒的传播。该研究调查了尼日利亚中北部州立大学遵守COVID-19协议和有效利用图书馆资源和服务的情况。本研究采用描述性调查研究设计。研究对象是163名图书馆工作人员。这包括尼日利亚中北部六所国立大学的全部图书馆工作人员。在线调查是在2020年12月15日至14日期间使用谷歌表格进行的。通过员工的个人和团体社交媒体平台分享谷歌表单的链接,以提高回复率。收集的数据采用频率分布表、图表、百分比、均值等方法进行分析,软件为SPSS version 23。调查结果显示,除其他事项外;在尼日利亚中北部的公立大学图书馆,在COVID-19封锁期间,大学图书馆提供的图书馆服务很差。大多数受访者同意,在疫情封锁期间,他们的图书馆在图书馆博客、网站、门户网站等上发布了有关COVID-19的最新信息,并利用社交媒体提供图书馆服务。其他服务,如;提供图书馆员虚拟参考咨询服务、电子交付服务、提供电子书访问、提供电子期刊访问、提供OPAC作为图书馆馆藏浏览和检索工具、提供学生电子论文和学位论文访问、电子剪报库等方面的服务不足。此外,据透露,遵守COVID-19协议影响了图书馆资源和服务的有效利用。据透露,;供电不稳定、图书馆电子资源不足、缺乏资金对图书馆环境进行熏蒸、图书馆缺乏互联网接入、工作人员对遵守新冠肺炎协议态度冷淡、图书馆缺乏足够的住宿设施以遵守社交距离、数字技能不足以采用在线服务等是主要挑战。然而,该研究建议;在新冠肺炎疫情期间,图书馆管理部门应对员工进行充分的数字技能培训,以实现在线服务。应提供足够的基础设施并使其易于使用。
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引用次数: 6
Quantum Codes Do Not Fix Qubit Independent Errors 量子代码不修复量子比特独立错误
Pub Date : 2021-01-06 DOI: 10.11648/J.AJIST.20210503.12
Jesús García López de Lacalle, Luis Miguel Pozo Coronado, André L. Fonseca de Oliveira, Rafael Mart´ın-Cuevas
The goal of this work is to analyse the performance of quantum error correction codes in regard to fixing independent errors in several qubits. We say that a quantum code does not fix a quantum computing error if its application does not reduce the variance of the error. We restrict our study to the classical 5−qubit quantum error correcting code (proposed by Laflamme and some collaborators), which is able to correct arbitrary errors in a single qubit and is also fault-tolerant. We show that this code does not fix qubit independent errors, even assuming that the correction circuit does not introduce new errors. We also prove, for qubit independent errors, that if the correction circuit of the 5−qubit quantum code detects an error, then the corrected state has central symmetry and, as a consequence, its variance is maximal. We have been able to obtain these results thanks to the high symmetry of the 5−qubit quantum code. Although the calculations needed to extend our proofs to less symmetric codes seem to be extremely complicated, we nevertheless think that the results obtained for the 5−qubit quantum code reveal a general behavior pattern of quantum error correcting codes against qubit independent errors.
这项工作的目标是分析量子纠错码在固定几个量子位的独立错误方面的性能。如果量子码的应用不能减小误差的方差,我们就说量子码不能修正量子计算误差。我们的研究仅限于经典的5 -量子位量子纠错码(由Laflamme和一些合作者提出),它能够纠正单个量子位中的任意错误,并且具有容错性。我们证明,即使假设校正电路不引入新的错误,该代码也不会修复与量子比特无关的错误。我们还证明,对于与量子比特无关的错误,如果5 -量子比特量子码的校正电路检测到错误,则校正状态具有中心对称性,因此,其方差是最大的。我们之所以能够得到这些结果,要归功于5 -量子比特量子码的高对称性。尽管将我们的证明扩展到非对称码所需的计算似乎非常复杂,但我们认为,从5 -量子位量子码中获得的结果揭示了量子纠错码对量子位独立错误的一般行为模式。
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引用次数: 2
Importance of Library and Information Communication Technology Standards in the Digital Era: An Analytical Study 数字时代图书馆与信息通信技术标准的重要性分析研究
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.11648/j.ajist.20210504.13
Umesha Naik
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引用次数: 0
Application of Laboratory Data Decision Management System 实验室数据决策管理系统的应用
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.11648/j.ajist.20210504.14
S. Zhimin, Wang Zhengjia, Zhou Zhijun
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引用次数: 1
The Reality of the Application of Intellectual Property Legislation on Digital Information Resources at the Libraries of Public Universities in Jordan (Dissertation) 约旦公立大学图书馆数字信息资源知识产权立法应用的现实(博士论文)
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.11648/j.ajist.20210503.13
Afaf Abu Sirhan
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引用次数: 0
Intellectual Impact of Mobile Educational Games on Secondary School Education in Nigeria: Case Study of Government Girls' College Makurdi 手机教育游戏对尼日利亚中学教育的智力影响——以Makurdi政府女子学院为例
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.11648/j.ajist.20210503.11
Yugh Sandra Mlumun, Deborah Uzoamaka Ebem, Onyianta John Chiedozie, Musa Ibrahim Umar, Arinze Uchechukwu Christian
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology
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