Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services最新文献

Purpose: To assess the prevalence of mental illness among middle adolescents (aged 14 to 17 years) in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Method: A quantitative, cross-sectional study was conducted among 483 students aged 14 to 17 years attending intermediate and secondary schools in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Participants were asked to complete the Arabic version of the self-reported Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ).

Results: SDQ scores ranged from 8 to 35, with a mean 18.5 (SD = 4.2). Several variables were significantly associated with higher SDQ scores, including age, sex, health status, and death of the mother.

Conclusion: Results indicate that middle adolescents' prevalence of mental illness is relatively high. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, xx(xx), xx-xx.].

Purpose: To investigate resilience in American Special Operations Forces (SOF) personnel.

Method: A qualitative descriptive exploratory design was used to interview Special Forces and Navy SEAL participants about their perspectives on and experiences of resilience. Assumptions that high resilience inversely correlates with suicide risk in SOF drove our primary research questions and study focus. Questions were based on Holling's theory of ecological resilience.

Results: Participants provided insightful and detailed data of their resilience and were often self-effacing or self-critical. Responses indicated that although quite resilient, SOF personnel express their resilience in ways known to become pathological and precipitate suicidality if left undetected. Extracted subthemes indicated commitment to others over self and a nexus of trait variables linked to suicidality. Estimated neurotrauma from repetitive blast exposures should be incorporated in future models.

Conclusion: Findings challenge prevailing beliefs that dysfunctional behaviors and suboptimal resilience drive SOF suicide. Results herein justify future research and changes to command postures and U.S. Department of Defense initiatives regarding relationships between and among variables of resilience, neurotrauma, and suicide in SOF. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, xx(xx), xx-xx.].

Purpose: To investigate the effect of art therapy on quality of life and social functioning of individuals with schizophrenia receiving community mental health services.

Method: A quasi-experimental study design was used to assess the effects of art therapy on quality of life and social functioning. The study included 14 participants with schizophrenia, seven assigned to the intervention group and seven to the control group. The intervention group participated in weekly art therapy sessions encompassing various artistic modalities over 16 weeks. Pre- and post-test measurements of quality of life and social functioning scales were administered to both groups.

Results: A significant increase was noted in total scores of quality of life and social functioning scales for the intervention group between pre- and post-test. No significant differences were observed within the control group.

Conclusion: The current study suggests that art therapy promotes quality of life and social functioning of individuals with schizophrenia. Art therapy may be suggested as a psychiatric rehabilitation approach; however, more evidence-based studies are needed for this intervention to be integrated into routine clinical treatment. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, xx(x), xx-xx.].

Purpose: To describe relationships among grit, spirituality, and hope in women Veterans (N = 80).

Method: A descriptive, correlational design was used. Study variables were measured with the Short Grit Scale, Daily Spiritual Experience Scale, and Hope Scale.

Results: Mean scores for spirituality, grit, and hope were 4.37 (SD = 1.04), 3.47 (SD = 0.68), and 51.24 (SD = 7.17), respectively. Spirituality was positively associated with grit but was not statistically significant (r = 0.17, p = 0.14). Spirituality was positively associated with total hope (r = 0.241, p = 0.04). Total hope was positively correlated with grit (r = 0.378, p < 0.001). The coefficient measuring the total effect of spirituality on grit was 0.12 (p = 0.11). When hope was introduced, the coefficient was reduced to 0.05, indicating that hope mediated the relationship between spirituality and grit.

Conclusion: Strong levels of spirituality, grit, and hope were evident in women Veterans. Positive relationships were found between variables, with hope influencing the relationship between spirituality and grit. Spirituality, hope, and grit are sources of strength in women Veterans that provide opportunities for support by the health care team. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, xx(xx), xx-xx.].

Purpose: To determine the attitudes of emergency department (ED) staff toward people who have attempted suicide and the factors associated with these attitudes.

Method: This study was conducted between January and February 2023 and included 147 participants working in an ED in a city in Türkiye. Data were collected using a personal information form and the Attitude Scale Towards Attempted Suicide Cases for Evaluating Emergency Medical Teams (ASETSA).

Results: Participants' mean years of experience in emergency services was 4.63 years (SD = 3.97 years) and mean perceived level of competence in intervening in suicidal behavior was 6.08 (SD = 2.16). Total mean ASETSA score of participants was 114.68 (SD = 12.31). Factors such as marital status, educational level, profession, working unit, working shift, having received training on how to approach a person who has attempted suicide, existence of a written procedure in the department, years of ED experience, and perceived level of competence in intervening in suicidal behavior were associated with positive attitudes toward people who have attempted suicide.

Conclusion: It is recommended that formal education curricula address how to approach people who have attempted suicide, that randomized controlled trials regarding the impact of in-service training be performed, and that studies evaluating the contribution of trainings to improvements in patient outcomes be conducted. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 63(1), 39-46.].

Purpose: To examine relationships among secondary traumatic stress, mindfulness, compassion satisfaction, and compassion fatigue in psychiatric nurses.

Method: Participants comprised 142 nurses working in two psychiatric hospitals in the same province of Turkey. Data were collected using a personal information form, the Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale, Mindful Attention Awareness Scale, and Compassion Fatigue and Compassion Satisfaction subscales of the Professional Quality of Life Scale.

Results: A significant and negative correlation was found between secondary traumatic stress, mindfulness, and compassion satisfaction, and between mindfulness and compassion fatigue. A significant and positive correlation was found between secondary traumatic stress and compassion fatigue, as well as between mindfulness and compassion satisfaction (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Findings demonstrate that mindfulness may be a protective factor in preventing secondary traumatic stress and compassion fatigue in psychiatric nurses. It is recommended that in-service training be organized periodically to increase levels of conscious awareness among psychiatric nurses. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 63(1), 47-55.].

Irritability, anger, or aggression and other emergency situations related to dysregulated behaviors or emotions, when present, may require antipsychotic treatment. The purpose of this article is to review current evidence and treatment guidelines regarding symptom and diagnostic indications, patient-family collaboration, and monitoring of children and adolescents treated with antipsychotics. Multiple resources are available to nurse practitioners, nurses, other team members, and parent/guardians to prevent adverse outcomes. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 63(1), 8-11.].

Purpose: To assess nutrition care practices in selected mental health care facilities in Pune, Maharashtra, India.

Method: A preliminary cross-sectional study was conducted in individuals (N = 100) residing in five private mental health care facilities. Data were collected on diet quality, nutritional status, and health status of adult patients with mild to moderate mental health disorders. Food safety practices of the care facilities were also investigated.

Results: Of 100 recruited participants, 68% were over-nourished (body mass index >23 kg/m²), 32% were given vitamin B complex supplements, 81% used antipsychotic drugs, and 72% reported drug-induced gastric issues. Most participants (n = 71; 71%) consumed medium-quality diets (four to five food groups per day). Food sanitation and hygiene scores indicated fair standards (range = 46% to 51%) at these facilities. Further, partial compliance with World Health Organization guidelines was observed.

Conclusion: Findings underscore the need for induction of nutritionists or, in their absence, additional nutrition training for mental health nurses to enhance diet quality, nutritional and health status of patients, and food safety. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 63(1), 23-29.].