Huiting Wu, Yang Zhang, Thomas L. Stubbs, A. Chen, Pengcheng Zhai, Yuanlin Sun
Abstract. A diverse Wuchiapingian brachiopod fauna, which contains 57 species in 28 genera, is described from the Shuizhutang Formation at the Liannan section, Guangdong province, southeastern China. Four new species Tyloplecta liannanensis n. sp., Linoproductus huananensis n. sp., Araxathyris minor n. sp., and Permophricodothyris flata n. sp. are proposed. From well-preserved Liannan specimens, characteristics of the shell microstructures in Permianella are revised, and different morphologies of muscle scars in Permophricodothyris are distinctly shown. Until now, only several Wuchiapingian brachiopod faunas have been found in South China. Compared with these faunas, the Liannan fauna shows much higher α diversity and is more like faunas from southeastern China than those from the Yangtze area in faunal composition. The Liannan fauna is dominated with Neochonetes, Transennatia, Orthothetina, Permophricodothyris, and Cathaysia, which are normally larger and more strongly ornamented than their Changhsingian counterparts. The Wuchiapingian brachiopods in South China are represented mainly by the Douling fauna and Shuizhutang fauna. The Douling fauna has relatively low diversity and presents the survival stage after the Guadalupian–Lopingian boundary crisis. The Shuizhutang fauna has a much higher diversity and more key Changhsingian taxa and shows a rapid radiation stage. Faunal compositions of the two faunas indicate that the initial recovery of brachiopods occurred mainly at the genus level followed by a more rapid radiation at both genus and species levels.
{"title":"Wuchiapingian (Lopingian, late Permian) brachiopod fauna from Guangdong Province, southeastern China: systematics and contribution to the Lopingian recovery","authors":"Huiting Wu, Yang Zhang, Thomas L. Stubbs, A. Chen, Pengcheng Zhai, Yuanlin Sun","doi":"10.1017/jpa.2022.78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jpa.2022.78","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. A diverse Wuchiapingian brachiopod fauna, which contains 57 species in 28 genera, is described from the Shuizhutang Formation at the Liannan section, Guangdong province, southeastern China. Four new species Tyloplecta liannanensis n. sp., Linoproductus huananensis n. sp., Araxathyris minor n. sp., and Permophricodothyris flata n. sp. are proposed. From well-preserved Liannan specimens, characteristics of the shell microstructures in Permianella are revised, and different morphologies of muscle scars in Permophricodothyris are distinctly shown. Until now, only several Wuchiapingian brachiopod faunas have been found in South China. Compared with these faunas, the Liannan fauna shows much higher α diversity and is more like faunas from southeastern China than those from the Yangtze area in faunal composition. The Liannan fauna is dominated with Neochonetes, Transennatia, Orthothetina, Permophricodothyris, and Cathaysia, which are normally larger and more strongly ornamented than their Changhsingian counterparts. The Wuchiapingian brachiopods in South China are represented mainly by the Douling fauna and Shuizhutang fauna. The Douling fauna has relatively low diversity and presents the survival stage after the Guadalupian–Lopingian boundary crisis. The Shuizhutang fauna has a much higher diversity and more key Changhsingian taxa and shows a rapid radiation stage. Faunal compositions of the two faunas indicate that the initial recovery of brachiopods occurred mainly at the genus level followed by a more rapid radiation at both genus and species levels.","PeriodicalId":50098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Paleontology","volume":"97 1","pages":"112 - 139"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45956086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. Palmichnium gallowayi (Sharpe, 1932) new combination from the Middle Ordovician Martinsburg Formation (proximal deltaic facies) of Rondout, near Kingston, New York State, is redescribed. It consists of opposing series of five tracks, the outer two large and pear-shaped, the inner three smaller and elliptical, arranged in a chevron converging in the direction of travel, on either side of a wide medial impression. It is attributed to a medium-sized stylonurid eurypterid using a decapodous gait, crawling onto the shoreline, traversing the intertidal zone, a behavior interpreted as part of its reproductive life cycle. This provides the earliest ichnological evidence for the ‘mass-molt-mate’ hypothesis, which proposes that eurypterids migrated en masse into nearshore environments to molt and mate.
{"title":"A eurypterid trackway from the Middle Ordovician of New York State","authors":"S. Braddy, K. C. Gass","doi":"10.1017/jpa.2022.72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jpa.2022.72","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Palmichnium gallowayi (Sharpe, 1932) new combination from the Middle Ordovician Martinsburg Formation (proximal deltaic facies) of Rondout, near Kingston, New York State, is redescribed. It consists of opposing series of five tracks, the outer two large and pear-shaped, the inner three smaller and elliptical, arranged in a chevron converging in the direction of travel, on either side of a wide medial impression. It is attributed to a medium-sized stylonurid eurypterid using a decapodous gait, crawling onto the shoreline, traversing the intertidal zone, a behavior interpreted as part of its reproductive life cycle. This provides the earliest ichnological evidence for the ‘mass-molt-mate’ hypothesis, which proposes that eurypterids migrated en masse into nearshore environments to molt and mate.","PeriodicalId":50098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Paleontology","volume":"97 1","pages":"158 - 166"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46293932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Awards and CitationsPresentation of the 2021 Schuchert Award of the Paleontological Society to Melanie Jane Hopkins","authors":"M. Webster","doi":"10.1017/jpa.2022.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jpa.2022.61","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Paleontology","volume":"96 1","pages":"1227 - 1228"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42100459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"JPA volume 96 issue 5 Cover and Front matter","authors":"","doi":"10.1017/jpa.2022.75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jpa.2022.75","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Paleontology","volume":" ","pages":"f1 - f2"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47579283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We could not be more excited to introduce Scott L. Wing, recipient of the 2021 Paleontological Society Medal. Scott is an ecosystem-builder who carefully coordinates and facilitates diverse, multidisciplinary research groups whose works are greater than the sum of their parts. He is front and center among paleontologists in using deep-time knowledge to inform conservation and climate change policy. And by leading by example, he encourages his many, many collaborators to hold themselves to the highest standards for research and integrity. Scott’s research begins in the field: part of Scott’s research super powers is that he is among the best in the world at discovering, collecting, and documenting fossil plants, as well as interpreting the rocks encasing them. This summer will mark Scott’s 50 doing fieldwork in the Bighorn Basin, where he has created an unparalleled record of terrestrial ecosystems and paleoclimates. He has been a pioneer for applying ecological techniques to paleobotanical assemblages, best exemplified by his work at the ca. 73 Ma Big Cedar Ridge site. For decades, he has led large, multidisciplinary groups that have worked to shed light on the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), preserved in Bighorn Basin sections. With his collaborators, Scott has carefully mapped the strata and then analyzed them to investigate not just the floras, but also reconstruct CO2 levels, temperature, hydrology, faunas, soil processes, and microbial activity, to mention just a few topics. The result has been that the PETM is one of the best understood climate change events in Earth history, one that is commonly probed to better understand current global warming. This research has motivated Scott to be a vocal advocate for decreasing carbon dioxide emissions, including speaking at Davos and to the Senate, and putting climate change front and center in the Smithsonian’s new Deep Time exhibit. Beyond the PETM, Scott has contributed profoundly to a range of core problems within paleobotany and paleoecology, including (1) plant diversity through time, taking ecology and taphonomy into consideration (Wing and DiMichele, 1995); (2) plant-animal interactions during major Earth-life transitions, including dinosaur-angiosperm co-evolution (Wing and Tiffney, 1987) and plant-mammal (Wing et al., 1995) and plant-insect (Currano et al., 2008) response to climate change; (3) how plants respond to mass extinctions (Wing, 2004); (4) patterns and processes relating to the rise of angiosperms and how the ecology of early angiosperms shaped these patterns/processes (Wing and Boucher, 1998; Wing et al., 2012); (5) origins of Neotropical diversity (Wing et al., 2009); (6) using leaf morphology to extract climatic, ecological, or taxonomic information (Wilf et al., 1998); (7) reconciling climate proxies and models (Greenwood and Wing, 1995); and (8) the Pleistocene megafaunal extinction and work to establish baselines for human impacts (Barnosky et al., 2004). A common
{"title":"Awards and CitationsPresentation of the 2021 Paleontological Society Medal to Scott L. Wing","authors":"E. Currano, C. Strömberg","doi":"10.1017/jpa.2022.65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jpa.2022.65","url":null,"abstract":"We could not be more excited to introduce Scott L. Wing, recipient of the 2021 Paleontological Society Medal. Scott is an ecosystem-builder who carefully coordinates and facilitates diverse, multidisciplinary research groups whose works are greater than the sum of their parts. He is front and center among paleontologists in using deep-time knowledge to inform conservation and climate change policy. And by leading by example, he encourages his many, many collaborators to hold themselves to the highest standards for research and integrity. Scott’s research begins in the field: part of Scott’s research super powers is that he is among the best in the world at discovering, collecting, and documenting fossil plants, as well as interpreting the rocks encasing them. This summer will mark Scott’s 50 doing fieldwork in the Bighorn Basin, where he has created an unparalleled record of terrestrial ecosystems and paleoclimates. He has been a pioneer for applying ecological techniques to paleobotanical assemblages, best exemplified by his work at the ca. 73 Ma Big Cedar Ridge site. For decades, he has led large, multidisciplinary groups that have worked to shed light on the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), preserved in Bighorn Basin sections. With his collaborators, Scott has carefully mapped the strata and then analyzed them to investigate not just the floras, but also reconstruct CO2 levels, temperature, hydrology, faunas, soil processes, and microbial activity, to mention just a few topics. The result has been that the PETM is one of the best understood climate change events in Earth history, one that is commonly probed to better understand current global warming. This research has motivated Scott to be a vocal advocate for decreasing carbon dioxide emissions, including speaking at Davos and to the Senate, and putting climate change front and center in the Smithsonian’s new Deep Time exhibit. Beyond the PETM, Scott has contributed profoundly to a range of core problems within paleobotany and paleoecology, including (1) plant diversity through time, taking ecology and taphonomy into consideration (Wing and DiMichele, 1995); (2) plant-animal interactions during major Earth-life transitions, including dinosaur-angiosperm co-evolution (Wing and Tiffney, 1987) and plant-mammal (Wing et al., 1995) and plant-insect (Currano et al., 2008) response to climate change; (3) how plants respond to mass extinctions (Wing, 2004); (4) patterns and processes relating to the rise of angiosperms and how the ecology of early angiosperms shaped these patterns/processes (Wing and Boucher, 1998; Wing et al., 2012); (5) origins of Neotropical diversity (Wing et al., 2009); (6) using leaf morphology to extract climatic, ecological, or taxonomic information (Wilf et al., 1998); (7) reconciling climate proxies and models (Greenwood and Wing, 1995); and (8) the Pleistocene megafaunal extinction and work to establish baselines for human impacts (Barnosky et al., 2004). A common","PeriodicalId":50098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Paleontology","volume":"96 1","pages":"1223 - 1224"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47997649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I want to thank Colin Sumrall for nominating me for this prestigious award and the wonderful people who wrote letters in support of the nomination. The Kentucky Paleontological Society (KPS), like similar organizations, has done a number of public outreach activities. We have monthly lectures on paleontology and field trips. We put on fossil displays at science fairs and regional libraries, and members give talks to school groups. The KPS has had many people active in it over the decades. These include Rick Schrantz, Ann Watson, Jerri Higginbotham, George Weems, Judy Lundquist, Susan Miller, Jozsef Gal, Richard Smath, David Fine, JackMoody, and many others. Drs. Donald Chesnut and Frank Ettensohn have served as scientific advisors to the Kentucky Paleontological Society since its founding. Kentucky lacks a natural history museum. Thus, I’ve supported the Cincinnati Museum Center whenever possible and donated numerous specimens. Science does not exist in a vacuum. Our culture has an unfortunate streak of anti-intellectualism and science is often the target of movements that disagree with its findings. Besides generating new ideas, scientists have an obligation to be part of the culture they live in. Thus, since the 1980s, when creationists attempted to get “equal time” in my hometown’s schools, I’ve been opposing creationism in Kentucky. By 2013, I co-founded Kentuckians for Science education, a group that supported implementation of the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) into Kentucky’s schools. These standards engendered much opposition, mostly from creationists and climate change deniers, who have considerable political backing in the state at the highest levels of government. The hearings for the standards were a circus, but we eventually prevailed and science education in Kentucky improved. The NGSS comes up for review late in 2022, and at least one state Senator on the Education Committee has voiced opposition to the standards. This individual has also proposed anti-vaccination and anti-mask legislation. We have a tough battle ahead. Kentucky is a beautiful place with many positive aspects, especially our bourbon and racehorses. Alas, our universities are known more for athletics rather than their excellent academics. Unfortunately, Kentucky has also become known for two creationist museums, both owned by the same ministry. The Creation Museum opened in 2007 and depicts dinosaurs living in the Garden of Eden and as being responsible for legends of fire-breathing dragons. I have been involved in many disputes over the influence the organization behind the “museum” has in the state. One important dispute was when Kentucky’s Tourism Commission granted $18.25 million in tax incentives so the Ark Encounter could be built. Although the Ark discriminates in hiring based on religion, sexuality, and other criteria, they applied for state government tax incentives. They also received numerous local tax breaks, land, cash, and a $62 million bond
{"title":"Awards and CitationsResponse by Daniel Phelps for the presentation of the 2021 Strimple Award of the Paleontological Society","authors":"Daniel J. Phelps","doi":"10.1017/jpa.2022.64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jpa.2022.64","url":null,"abstract":"I want to thank Colin Sumrall for nominating me for this prestigious award and the wonderful people who wrote letters in support of the nomination. The Kentucky Paleontological Society (KPS), like similar organizations, has done a number of public outreach activities. We have monthly lectures on paleontology and field trips. We put on fossil displays at science fairs and regional libraries, and members give talks to school groups. The KPS has had many people active in it over the decades. These include Rick Schrantz, Ann Watson, Jerri Higginbotham, George Weems, Judy Lundquist, Susan Miller, Jozsef Gal, Richard Smath, David Fine, JackMoody, and many others. Drs. Donald Chesnut and Frank Ettensohn have served as scientific advisors to the Kentucky Paleontological Society since its founding. Kentucky lacks a natural history museum. Thus, I’ve supported the Cincinnati Museum Center whenever possible and donated numerous specimens. Science does not exist in a vacuum. Our culture has an unfortunate streak of anti-intellectualism and science is often the target of movements that disagree with its findings. Besides generating new ideas, scientists have an obligation to be part of the culture they live in. Thus, since the 1980s, when creationists attempted to get “equal time” in my hometown’s schools, I’ve been opposing creationism in Kentucky. By 2013, I co-founded Kentuckians for Science education, a group that supported implementation of the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) into Kentucky’s schools. These standards engendered much opposition, mostly from creationists and climate change deniers, who have considerable political backing in the state at the highest levels of government. The hearings for the standards were a circus, but we eventually prevailed and science education in Kentucky improved. The NGSS comes up for review late in 2022, and at least one state Senator on the Education Committee has voiced opposition to the standards. This individual has also proposed anti-vaccination and anti-mask legislation. We have a tough battle ahead. Kentucky is a beautiful place with many positive aspects, especially our bourbon and racehorses. Alas, our universities are known more for athletics rather than their excellent academics. Unfortunately, Kentucky has also become known for two creationist museums, both owned by the same ministry. The Creation Museum opened in 2007 and depicts dinosaurs living in the Garden of Eden and as being responsible for legends of fire-breathing dragons. I have been involved in many disputes over the influence the organization behind the “museum” has in the state. One important dispute was when Kentucky’s Tourism Commission granted $18.25 million in tax incentives so the Ark Encounter could be built. Although the Ark discriminates in hiring based on religion, sexuality, and other criteria, they applied for state government tax incentives. They also received numerous local tax breaks, land, cash, and a $62 million bond ","PeriodicalId":50098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Paleontology","volume":"96 1","pages":"1232 - 1233"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45463074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Awards and CitationsPresentation of the 2021 Harrell L. Strimple Award of the Paleontological Society to Daniel Phelps","authors":"C. Sumrall","doi":"10.1017/jpa.2022.63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jpa.2022.63","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Paleontology","volume":"96 1","pages":"1231 - 1231"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44425431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Awards and CitationsResponse by Scott L. Wing for the presentation of the 2021 Paleontological Society Medal","authors":"S. Wing","doi":"10.1017/jpa.2022.66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jpa.2022.66","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Paleontology","volume":"96 1","pages":"1225 - 1226"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46964534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. Atrypoidea is a Silurian smooth atrypide with a worldwide distribution and high species-level diversity especially during Ludlow to Prídolí. In this study, the occurrences of 67 species, 14 subspecies, and 23 forma, cf., aff., or var. species are summarized. Among them, Atrypoidea recta from Aeronian of Siberia is the earliest known occurrence of this genus, while Atrypoidea elatior or Atrypoidea polaris modica from upper Prídolí strata of the Czech Republic and China, respectively, should be the youngest species. No valid Devonian occurrence of Atrypoidea has been recorded due to absence of convincing identification or poor stratigraphic information. The rapid evolution and cosmopolitan nature of Atrypoidea allow some species to be used as index fossils for strata of Ludlow and Prídolí in South China. The age of the Chejiaba Formation in Guangyuan, Sichuan Province, South China, has been clarified based on the occurrence of Atrypoidea. Specimens from this locality, which are preserved in situ, are described herein and illustrated with reconstruction of life style for the first time.
{"title":"Distribution of the Silurian brachiopod genus Atrypoidea, and its first report in the Chejiaba Formation (upper Ludlow), Guangyuan, South China","authors":"Diann-Yih Chen, Bing Huang, Jiayu Rong","doi":"10.1017/jpa.2022.71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jpa.2022.71","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Atrypoidea is a Silurian smooth atrypide with a worldwide distribution and high species-level diversity especially during Ludlow to Prídolí. In this study, the occurrences of 67 species, 14 subspecies, and 23 forma, cf., aff., or var. species are summarized. Among them, Atrypoidea recta from Aeronian of Siberia is the earliest known occurrence of this genus, while Atrypoidea elatior or Atrypoidea polaris modica from upper Prídolí strata of the Czech Republic and China, respectively, should be the youngest species. No valid Devonian occurrence of Atrypoidea has been recorded due to absence of convincing identification or poor stratigraphic information. The rapid evolution and cosmopolitan nature of Atrypoidea allow some species to be used as index fossils for strata of Ludlow and Prídolí in South China. The age of the Chejiaba Formation in Guangyuan, Sichuan Province, South China, has been clarified based on the occurrence of Atrypoidea. Specimens from this locality, which are preserved in situ, are described herein and illustrated with reconstruction of life style for the first time.","PeriodicalId":50098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Paleontology","volume":"97 1","pages":"76 - 89"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48183261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. Platymerella from the lower Red Mountain Formation in Georgia and Tennessee, the Bowling Green Dolomite of west-central Illinois, and the Elwood Dolomite of northeastern Illinois represents a paleosubtropical, cool-water occurrence of virgianid brachiopods in Laurentia during the early Silurian (middle–late Rhuddanian). These occurrences were located in the southern Appalachian foreland basin and the distal end of the Sebree Trough, likely subjected to frequent cool-water current and upwelling from Gondwana. Compared with broadly coeval species of Virgiana from lower paleotropical to equatorial latitudes, Platymerella has significantly smaller, dorsoventrally flattened shells, with subequal ventral and dorsal umbones and beaks that extend only slightly above the hinge line. Relative to its shell size, however, Platymerella has more prominent thickening of the shell wall, median septum, spondylium, and hinge plates than Virgiana, resembling more closely the extravagant shell thickening of Tcherskidium and Proconchidium from the Late Ordovician (late Katian) equatorial regions. The thickening of hinge plates resulted in the formation of a pseudocruralium, which separates Platymerella from Virgiana. In latest Ordovician–earliest Silurian virgianids, there was a general morphological gradient toward a smaller shell, reduction in the ventral-valve convexity, and reduction in the size and height of the ventral umbo from paleoequatorial to southern subtropical regions, with Platymerella representing the most southerly forms.
{"title":"Platymerella—a cool-water virgianid brachiopod fauna in southern Laurentia during the earliest Silurian","authors":"Jisuo Jin, J. Santamaría, D. Mikulic, T. Chowns","doi":"10.1017/jpa.2022.77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jpa.2022.77","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Platymerella from the lower Red Mountain Formation in Georgia and Tennessee, the Bowling Green Dolomite of west-central Illinois, and the Elwood Dolomite of northeastern Illinois represents a paleosubtropical, cool-water occurrence of virgianid brachiopods in Laurentia during the early Silurian (middle–late Rhuddanian). These occurrences were located in the southern Appalachian foreland basin and the distal end of the Sebree Trough, likely subjected to frequent cool-water current and upwelling from Gondwana. Compared with broadly coeval species of Virgiana from lower paleotropical to equatorial latitudes, Platymerella has significantly smaller, dorsoventrally flattened shells, with subequal ventral and dorsal umbones and beaks that extend only slightly above the hinge line. Relative to its shell size, however, Platymerella has more prominent thickening of the shell wall, median septum, spondylium, and hinge plates than Virgiana, resembling more closely the extravagant shell thickening of Tcherskidium and Proconchidium from the Late Ordovician (late Katian) equatorial regions. The thickening of hinge plates resulted in the formation of a pseudocruralium, which separates Platymerella from Virgiana. In latest Ordovician–earliest Silurian virgianids, there was a general morphological gradient toward a smaller shell, reduction in the ventral-valve convexity, and reduction in the size and height of the ventral umbo from paleoequatorial to southern subtropical regions, with Platymerella representing the most southerly forms.","PeriodicalId":50098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Paleontology","volume":"97 1","pages":"63 - 75"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45772428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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