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The added value of shear wave elastography when combined to conventional ultrasonography and fine-needle aspiration cytology in detection of malignant thyroid nodule 剪切波弹性成像技术与传统超声波造影术和细针穿刺细胞学技术相结合在检测恶性甲状腺结节方面的附加价值
Pub Date : 2024-08-13 DOI: 10.1186/s43163-024-00652-y
Ahmed Adel Abdallah, Maha Zaki Mahmoud, Mohamed Salah Hassouna, Khaled Elkaffas, Ahmad Mohamed Eltelety, Sameh M. Zamzam
This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of ultrasound criteria, TI-RADS score, and elastography in distinguishing benign thyroid nodules from malignant ones, as a substitute for invasive diagnostic procedures. Although the minority of thyroid nodules is malignant, invasive diagnostic procedures are often necessary. In this prospective study, a total of 104 thyroid nodules were assessed using fine-needle aspiration cytology. The euthyroid state of the patients was ensured. Conventional ultrasound and shear wave elastography (SWE) were performed by a single experienced operator. Final postoperative histopathologic findings were compared to conventional ultrasound and elastography findings. SWE elasticity indices (EIs) were found to be significantly higher in malignant nodules than benign ones (p < 0.05). Combined results of both TI-RADS and SWE increased the sensitivity of detection of malignant nodules. Combined SWE and TI-RADS could enhance the diagnostic accuracy in differentiating thyroid nodules by leveraging their complementary strengths.
本研究旨在评估超声标准、TI-RADS评分和弹性成像在区分良性甲状腺结节和恶性结节方面的有效性,以替代侵入性诊断程序。虽然甲状腺结节中恶性者占少数,但侵入性诊断程序往往是必要的。在这项前瞻性研究中,共使用细针穿刺细胞学方法对 104 个甲状腺结节进行了评估。患者的甲状腺状态得到了保证。传统超声和剪切波弹性成像(SWE)由一名经验丰富的操作员完成。将最终的术后组织病理学结果与常规超声和弹性成像结果进行比较。结果发现,恶性结节的剪切波弹性指数(EIs)明显高于良性结节(P < 0.05)。TI-RADS 和 SWE 的综合结果提高了恶性结节的检测灵敏度。将SWE和TI-RADS结合使用,可以通过发挥两者的互补优势,提高鉴别甲状腺结节的诊断准确性。
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引用次数: 0
Merocel versus a new septal clip with splint in post septal surgery cases: a prospective study 在鼻中隔术后病例中使用 Merocel 与带夹板的新型鼻中隔夹:一项前瞻性研究
Pub Date : 2024-08-06 DOI: 10.1186/s43163-024-00624-2
Jyoti Ranjan Das, Debangshu Ghosh
Septoplasty is one of the most frequently performed surgical procedures in otorhinolaryngology to overcome nasal obstruction. Following septal surgery, nasal packs are commonly inserted by surgeons to support and appose septal flaps the types of which depend on the preference and experience of the surgeon. Background We conducted a study to compare the Merocel sponge with that of a newly developed septal clip with the splint in patients who underwent septoplasty or submucosal resection to find out which one is better. A total of 50 patients were included in the study over a period of 3 years. Patients were divided into 2 groups of 25 each where group M is for patients receiving Merocel after surgery and group C is for patients receiving septal clips with splints. Aim The aim of this study was to assess and compare the effects of a Merocel pack on nasal functions with that of the septal clip and their eventual complications and outcome in the post-operative period. Results The main observations that were found in both groups in the immediate postoperative period were (1) pain (2) nasal obstruction (3) sleep disturbance (4) headache (5) epiphora (6) dryness of mouth and (7) postnasal drip. Pain was mild to moderate in the case of group M (MPS was 2.4) and moderate to severe degree in the case of group C (MPS was 5.7). Nasal obstruction was more common in Merocel group patients. Sleep disturbance, headache, epiphora, post-nasal drip, and dryness of mouth were also more in the Merocel group. After pack removal in both groups, the nasal examination was done to see crusts, vestibulitis, and septal ulcers. All these findings were more in the septal clip with the splint group. Conclusions It was observed that Merocel nasal packing causes significant morbidity and discomfort in the immediate post-operative period as compared to septal clips. It is also expensive. The new septal clips with splints can be used as an effective alternative to Merocel for approximation of flaps after septal surgery.
鼻中隔成形术是耳鼻喉科最常见的外科手术之一,用于克服鼻腔阻塞。鼻中隔手术后,外科医生通常会插入鼻腔包来支撑和贴合鼻中隔皮瓣,其类型取决于外科医生的偏好和经验。研究背景 我们进行了一项研究,对接受鼻中隔成形术或粘膜下切除术的患者使用 Merocel 海绵和新开发的鼻中隔夹板进行比较,以找出哪种方法更好。研究共纳入 50 名患者,为期 3 年。患者被分为两组,每组 25 人,其中 M 组为术后接受美洛酮治疗的患者,C 组为接受鼻中隔夹板和夹板治疗的患者。目的 这项研究的目的是评估和比较美洛昔尔包与鼻中隔夹对鼻腔功能的影响,以及它们在术后最终出现的并发症和结果。结果 两组患者在术后初期的主要表现为:(1) 疼痛 (2) 鼻塞 (3) 睡眠障碍 (4) 头痛 (5) 口溢 (6) 口干和 (7) 鼻后滴流。M 组患者的疼痛程度为轻度至中度(MPS 为 2.4),C 组患者的疼痛程度为中度至重度(MPS 为 5.7)。美罗凯尔组患者的鼻塞更为常见。睡眠障碍、头痛、鼻出血、鼻后滴漏和口干等症状在美洛可尔组中也更为常见。两组患者在取下药包后,都要进行鼻腔检查,以发现结痂、前庭炎和鼻中隔溃疡。所有这些发现在鼻中隔夹板组中都较多。结论 观察发现,与鼻中隔夹片相比,美洛凝鼻腔填料在术后初期会造成严重的发病率和不适感。而且价格昂贵。带夹板的新型鼻中隔夹可作为 Merocel 的有效替代品,用于鼻中隔手术后的瓣膜逼近。
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引用次数: 0
Executive functions in mid-life adults with mild sensorineural hearing loss compared with age-matched controls with normal hearing 轻度感音神经性听力损失的中年人与听力正常的年龄匹配对照组的执行功能比较
Pub Date : 2024-08-05 DOI: 10.1186/s43163-024-00630-4
Pooja Chandrashekar, Hema Nagaraj
This study explores the relationship between sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in mid-life adults and cognitive function, focusing on executive functions. Given the projected rise in dementia cases, identifying modifiable risk factors for cognitive decline is imperative. SNHL has emerged as a potential risk factor, with hearing loss accounting for a substantial portion of dementia cases. However, the cognitive implications of SNHL in mid-life adults are not well understood. The study examined 50 participants, 25 with bilateral unaided mild SNHL (AHL) and 25 with normal hearing (ANH). A battery of audiological assessments and cognitive tests, including the Trail Making Test (TMT), was administered. TMT measures included direct scores (completion time and errors) and derived scores (difference, ratio, proportion, sum, and multiplication scores). The AHL group displayed significantly poorer peripheral hearing compared to the ANH group, as reflected in pure-tone audiometry, speech reception thresholds, and speech identification scores. Significant differences were observed in all direct and derived TMT measures except for the ratio and proportion scores. This suggests that while overall cognitive disturbances were evident in the AHL group, they were not exclusive to executive function deficits. Notably, we did not identify any statistically significant effects of hypertension, diabetes, smoking, alcohol consumption, or physical activity on TMT scores. This study highlights the potential impact of SNHL on cognitive function in mid-life adults. Mid-life SNHL is associated with cognitive differences, emphasizing its role as a modifiable risk factor for future cognitive decline. This research underlines the need for further investigation into the cognitive effects of aided hearing and a multidisciplinary approach to understanding these alterations in cognitive function.
本研究探讨了中年人感音神经性听力损失(SNHL)与认知功能之间的关系,重点关注执行功能。鉴于痴呆症病例预计会增加,确定认知功能下降的可改变风险因素势在必行。SNHL已成为一个潜在的风险因素,听力损失占痴呆症病例的很大一部分。然而,SNHL 对中年人认知能力的影响还不甚了解。这项研究对 50 名参与者进行了调查,其中 25 人患有双侧无助轻度 SNHL(AHL),25 人听力正常(ANH)。研究人员对他们进行了一系列听力评估和认知测试,包括 "走小路测试"(TMT)。TMT 测量包括直接得分(完成时间和错误)和推导得分(差异、比率、比例、总和和乘法得分)。与 ANH 组相比,AHL 组的外周听力明显较差,这反映在纯音测听、言语接收阈值和言语识别得分上。除比率和比例得分外,所有直接和衍生的 TMT 测量结果均存在显著差异。这表明,虽然 AHL 组存在明显的整体认知障碍,但这些障碍并不局限于执行功能缺陷。值得注意的是,我们没有发现高血压、糖尿病、吸烟、饮酒或体育锻炼对 TMT 分数有任何统计学意义上的影响。本研究强调了中年SNHL对认知功能的潜在影响。中年SNHL与认知差异有关,强调了其作为未来认知能力下降的可调节风险因素的作用。这项研究强调,有必要进一步调查辅助听力对认知的影响,并采用多学科方法来了解认知功能的这些改变。
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引用次数: 0
Laryngo pharyngeal affection of COVID-19 during Delta and Omicron variant (Comparative Study) 德尔塔变体和欧米茄变体期间 COVID-19 的喉咽部感受(比较研究)
Pub Date : 2024-08-02 DOI: 10.1186/s43163-024-00643-z
Hanan Anwar, Ahmed Ragab, Asmaa El-Dessouky Rashad
Since the declaration of COVID-19 as a pandemic in 2020, its main symptoms have primarily affected the respiratory system. However, it also presents other systemic manifestations, including symptoms related to the larynx and pharynx. COVID-19 has evolved into subsequent variants, starting from the alpha variant and currently dominated by the Omicron variant, with the Delta variant being the most severe. The study aimed to elucidate the laryngo pharyngeal manifestations related to Delta and Omicron variants of COVID-19 as well as the associated risk factors. This study adopted a case–control design. The data were collected from patients who attended the phoniatric outpatient clinic at Menoufia University Hospital from January to December 2022. Patients were categorized into three groups (50 patients each). Group I consisted of patients who exhibited COVID-19 Laryngo pharyngeal symptoms during the Delta wave (Group 1) and the Omicron wave (Group 2). The control group included non-COVID-19 participants. The symptoms related to the larynx and pharynx were documented. In addition, laryngoscopic and stroboscopic examinations were done. The age of individuals affected by the Delta variant was higher. Delta cases exhibited a higher rate of smoking, diabetes, hypertension, and COPD compared to Omicron cases. Additionally, Delta cases displayed greater severity. Dysphagia, dysphonia, choking attacks related to swallowing, and stridor had significant higher rate in the Delta variant compared to the Omicron variant. The Delta variant primarily exhibited unilateral vocal fold paralysis in 38% of cases, as well as bilateral vocal fold paresis and paralysis in 20% and 22% of cases, respectively. In contrast, Omicron cases predominantly showed vocal fold congestion (80% of cases). Delta cases were more prone to experiencing abnormalities in amplitude, symmetry, and periodicity. The Delta variant is more prone to neurologic affection of the vocal folds manifesting as paresis and paralysis, whereas the Omicron variant, which has maintained its dominance thus far, experiences milder affection, primarily manifesting as congestion. Consequently, laryngeal affection with various degrees of severity is still suspected.
自 2020 年宣布 COVID-19 为大流行病以来,其主要症状主要影响呼吸系统。不过,它也会出现其他全身表现,包括与喉咙和咽部有关的症状。COVID-19 演化出了多个变种,从α变种开始,目前以Ω变种为主,其中Δ变种最为严重。本研究旨在阐明与 COVID-19 的德尔塔和奥米克龙变体相关的喉咽部表现以及相关风险因素。本研究采用病例对照设计。数据收集自 2022 年 1 月至 12 月在梅努菲亚大学医院咽喉科门诊就诊的患者。患者被分为三组(每组 50 人)。第一组包括在德尔塔波(第一组)和奥米克隆波(第二组)期间表现出 COVID-19 喉咽症状的患者。对照组包括非 COVID-19 参与者。记录与喉部和咽部有关的症状。此外,还进行了喉镜和频闪检查。德尔塔变异型患者的年龄较大。与 Omicron 病例相比,Delta 病例的吸烟、糖尿病、高血压和慢性阻塞性肺病发病率更高。此外,德尔塔型病例的病情更为严重。与欧米克隆变异型相比,德尔塔变异型中吞咽困难、发音障碍、与吞咽有关的窒息发作和喘鸣的发生率明显更高。德尔塔变异型中主要表现为单侧声带麻痹的病例占 38%,双侧声带麻痹和瘫痪的病例分别占 20% 和 22%。相比之下,Omicron 病例主要表现为声带充血(80% 的病例)。德尔塔型病例更容易出现振幅、对称性和周期性异常。德尔塔变异体更容易出现声带神经系统病变,表现为瘫痪和麻痹,而迄今为止一直占主导地位的奥米克龙变异体的病变较轻,主要表现为声带充血。因此,人们仍怀疑会出现不同程度的喉部病变。
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引用次数: 0
Cut-off points to classify numeric values of quality of life into normal, mild, moderate, and severe categories: an update for EORTC-QLQ-H&N35 将生活质量数值分为正常、轻度、中度和重度类别的临界点:EORTC-QLQ-H&N35 的更新版
Pub Date : 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.1186/s43163-024-00642-0
Jyoti Saini, Jaimanti Bakshi, Naresh K. Panda, Maryada Sharma, Dharam Vir, Atul Kumar Goyal
Quality of life (QoL) is an important determinant of physical and mental health. QoL in head and neck cancer tends to deteriorate due to changes in the physical, functional, psychological aspects. EORTC-QLQ-H&N35 is an instrument that measure the QoL specifically in head and neck cancer patients. EORTC-QLQ-H&N35 give a numeric value to QoL of patients with high value correspond to better QoL. The aim of present study was to find out the cut-off points of numeric values of EORTC-QLQ-H&N35 to categorize QoL impairment into different categories (normal, mild, moderate, and severe). Present study also aims analyze the QoL among head and neck cancer patients under these new categories. Total 205 patients of head and neck cancer visiting to the outpatient unit were enrolled in this study. Hindi version of EORTC-QLQ-H&N35 was used to evaluate the QoL. Total 9 classification schemes were created with different cut-off points to classify the global QoL score into normal, mild, moderate and severe categories. QoL data was then analyze using the scheme having highest F value in ANOVA test. Classification scheme having cut-off values 76–100 for normal QoL, 51–75 for mild QoL impairment, 26–50 for moderate and 0–25 for severe QoL impairment found to have highest F value (729.915) in ANOVA test. The mean QoL score among total 205 patients were 60.08 ± 19.06. Based on the new classification scheme, QoL was normal in 46 (22.4%) patients whereas QoL was impaired to mild level in 76 (37.1%) patients, to moderate level in 76 (37.1%) and to severe level in 7 (3.4%) patients. Role functioning, emotional functioning and social functioning was impaired to severe level in 4 (2.0%), 13 (6.3%) and 3 (1.5%) patients respectively. EORTC-QLQ-H&N35 offer a comprehensive review of QoL in head and neck cancer patients. By designating the QoL score into different categories, it will become easier for clinician to have a better idea of QoL of head and neck cancer patients.
生活质量(QoL)是身心健康的重要决定因素。头颈部癌症患者的 QoL 往往会因身体、功能和心理方面的变化而恶化。EORTC-QLQ-H&N35 是专门测量头颈部癌症患者生活质量的工具。EORTC-QLQ-H&N35 给出了患者 QoL 的数值,数值越高,QoL 越好。本研究旨在找出 EORTC-QLQ-H&N35 数值的临界点,将 QoL 损伤分为不同类别(正常、轻度、中度和重度)。本研究也旨在根据这些新类别分析头颈部癌症患者的 QoL。共有 205 名到门诊部就诊的头颈部癌症患者参与了本研究。采用印地语版 EORTC-QLQ-H&N35 评估 QoL。共创建了 9 个分类方案,采用不同的临界点将总体 QoL 分数分为正常、轻度、中度和重度。然后使用方差分析中 F 值最大的方案对 QoL 数据进行分析。在方差分析测试中,以 76-100 分为正常 QoL,51-75 分为轻度 QoL 受损,26-50 分为中度 QoL 受损,0-25 分为重度 QoL 受损的分类方案的 F 值最高(729.915)。205 名患者的平均 QoL 得分为 60.08 ± 19.06。根据新的分类方法,46 名患者(22.4%)的 QoL 值为正常,76 名患者(37.1%)的 QoL 值为轻度受损,76 名患者(37.1%)的 QoL 值为中度受损,7 名患者(3.4%)的 QoL 值为重度受损。角色功能、情绪功能和社会功能受损达到严重程度的患者分别有 4 人(2.0%)、13 人(6.3%)和 3 人(1.5%)。EORTC-QLQ-H&N35 对头颈部癌症患者的 QoL 进行了全面评估。通过将 QoL 分为不同类别,临床医生将更容易了解头颈部癌症患者的 QoL。
{"title":"Cut-off points to classify numeric values of quality of life into normal, mild, moderate, and severe categories: an update for EORTC-QLQ-H&N35","authors":"Jyoti Saini, Jaimanti Bakshi, Naresh K. Panda, Maryada Sharma, Dharam Vir, Atul Kumar Goyal","doi":"10.1186/s43163-024-00642-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43163-024-00642-0","url":null,"abstract":"Quality of life (QoL) is an important determinant of physical and mental health. QoL in head and neck cancer tends to deteriorate due to changes in the physical, functional, psychological aspects. EORTC-QLQ-H&N35 is an instrument that measure the QoL specifically in head and neck cancer patients. EORTC-QLQ-H&N35 give a numeric value to QoL of patients with high value correspond to better QoL. The aim of present study was to find out the cut-off points of numeric values of EORTC-QLQ-H&N35 to categorize QoL impairment into different categories (normal, mild, moderate, and severe). Present study also aims analyze the QoL among head and neck cancer patients under these new categories. Total 205 patients of head and neck cancer visiting to the outpatient unit were enrolled in this study. Hindi version of EORTC-QLQ-H&N35 was used to evaluate the QoL. Total 9 classification schemes were created with different cut-off points to classify the global QoL score into normal, mild, moderate and severe categories. QoL data was then analyze using the scheme having highest F value in ANOVA test. Classification scheme having cut-off values 76–100 for normal QoL, 51–75 for mild QoL impairment, 26–50 for moderate and 0–25 for severe QoL impairment found to have highest F value (729.915) in ANOVA test. The mean QoL score among total 205 patients were 60.08 ± 19.06. Based on the new classification scheme, QoL was normal in 46 (22.4%) patients whereas QoL was impaired to mild level in 76 (37.1%) patients, to moderate level in 76 (37.1%) and to severe level in 7 (3.4%) patients. Role functioning, emotional functioning and social functioning was impaired to severe level in 4 (2.0%), 13 (6.3%) and 3 (1.5%) patients respectively. EORTC-QLQ-H&N35 offer a comprehensive review of QoL in head and neck cancer patients. By designating the QoL score into different categories, it will become easier for clinician to have a better idea of QoL of head and neck cancer patients.","PeriodicalId":501131,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141880988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Reconstruction of oncologic nasal defects using the forehead flap: technical aspects and results 使用前额皮瓣重建肿瘤性鼻缺损:技术方面和结果
Pub Date : 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.1186/s43163-024-00651-z
Mohamed Dhaha, Rihab Lahmar, Souheil Jbali, Rim Braham, Alia Methnani, Sawsen Dhambri, Skander Kedous
Skin cancer frequently hits the nasal pyramid. Reconstruction of the nasal defects of the nasal pyramid after oncologic resection is challenging for plastic surgeons due to the anatomic complexity of the nose. The forehead flap is a pedicled flap used since antiquity in the reconstruction of nasal defects. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 30 patients operated for skin cancer of the nasal pyramid with reconstruction of the skin defect by forehead flap between the years 2008 and 2020. The mean age was 66.3. The sex ratio was 2.75. The tumor mean size of the tumor was 34 mm ranging between 19 and 50 mm. Twenty-nine patients required a second time surgery for flap severing and degreasing. The paramedian forehead flap was used in 20 cases, the “sea gull” flap in 5 cases, the inclined FF in 4 cases, and the island FF in 1 case. Surgical techniques of FF offer good aesthetic results with a lesser morbidity rate. Our retrospective report attests to the reliability of FF as the workhorse for the reconstruction of small and average nasal defects.
皮肤癌经常侵犯鼻金字塔。由于鼻部解剖结构复杂,肿瘤切除后鼻金字塔鼻部缺损的重建对整形外科医生来说具有挑战性。前额皮瓣是一种有蒂皮瓣,自古以来就用于鼻部缺损的重建。我们回顾性地查看了 2008 年至 2020 年间因鼻部金字塔皮肤癌而接受额部皮瓣重建皮肤缺损手术的 30 名患者的病历。平均年龄为 66.3 岁。性别比为 2.75。肿瘤平均大小为 34 毫米,从 19 毫米到 50 毫米不等。29例患者需要进行第二次手术,切除皮瓣并去骨。20例患者使用了额旁皮瓣,5例患者使用了 "海鸥 "皮瓣,4例患者使用了倾斜前额皮瓣,1例患者使用了岛状前额皮瓣。FF手术技术具有良好的美学效果和较低的发病率。我们的回顾性报告证明了 FF 作为重建小型和一般鼻缺损的主要方法的可靠性。
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引用次数: 0
Validity and sustainability of a phonological assessment tool for Bulgarian preschool children: cross-sectional study 保加利亚学龄前儿童语音评估工具的有效性和可持续性:横断面研究
Pub Date : 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.1186/s43163-024-00645-x
Tsvetomira Braynova, Miglena Simonska
Phonology is a widely discussed topic that is studied in detail by linguists, psycholinguists, philologists, pedagogues, and last, but not least, by speech and language pathologists. The assessment methods do inform us about the phonological processes and phonological delays in details by comparing the results with those of a normative sample and offer an opportunity to gradate the severity of the disorder, which is individual and can vary significantly in individual children. The aim of the study is to present evidence of the validity and reliability of a phonological assessment tool developed to assess the phonological inventory of Bulgarian preschool children. For this purpose, an author’s test was developed and conducted among 382 Bulgarian children. Results The present study provided evidence of validity and reliability (internal consistency) for this phonological assessment tool, confirming the reliability of its three subtests. Conclusions The present findings provide strong evidence of the validity and reliability of this phonological assessment tool.
语音学是一个被广泛讨论的话题,语言学家、心理语言学家、语言学家、教育学家,最后但并非最不重要的是,言语和语言病理学家都对其进行了详细的研究。通过将评估结果与标准样本的结果进行比较,我们确实可以了解语音过程和语音延迟的详细情况,并有机会对失调的严重程度进行分级。本研究的目的是证明为评估保加利亚学龄前儿童语音清单而开发的语音评估工具的有效性和可靠性。为此,作者开发了一项测试,并在 382 名保加利亚儿童中进行了测试。结果 本研究为这一语音评估工具的有效性和可靠性(内部一致性)提供了证据,证实了其三个子测试的可靠性。结论 本研究结果有力地证明了这一语音评估工具的有效性和可靠性。
{"title":"Validity and sustainability of a phonological assessment tool for Bulgarian preschool children: cross-sectional study","authors":"Tsvetomira Braynova, Miglena Simonska","doi":"10.1186/s43163-024-00645-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s43163-024-00645-x","url":null,"abstract":"Phonology is a widely discussed topic that is studied in detail by linguists, psycholinguists, philologists, pedagogues, and last, but not least, by speech and language pathologists. The assessment methods do inform us about the phonological processes and phonological delays in details by comparing the results with those of a normative sample and offer an opportunity to gradate the severity of the disorder, which is individual and can vary significantly in individual children. The aim of the study is to present evidence of the validity and reliability of a phonological assessment tool developed to assess the phonological inventory of Bulgarian preschool children. For this purpose, an author’s test was developed and conducted among 382 Bulgarian children. Results The present study provided evidence of validity and reliability (internal consistency) for this phonological assessment tool, confirming the reliability of its three subtests. Conclusions The present findings provide strong evidence of the validity and reliability of this phonological assessment tool.","PeriodicalId":501131,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141880996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The validity of clinical guidelines and nasal endoscopy in the diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis—a prospective observational study 临床指南和鼻内窥镜在诊断慢性鼻窦炎中的有效性--一项前瞻性观察研究
Pub Date : 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.1186/s43163-024-00644-y
Mohd Abass Sheikh, Suhail Amin Patigaroo, Showkat A. Showkat, Manzoor A. Latoo, Rauf Hussain Rather
Chronic rhinosinusitis is a common disease entity seen by ENT surgeons as well as general practitioners all over the world. This study is aimed to evaluate and validate whether the clinical guideline symptoms (set by AAO-HNS 2015) alone and/or nasal endoscopic findings can predict the diagnosis of CRS, taking CT as the gold standard. A total of 118 patients with symptoms of chronic rhinosinusitis were taken. They were divided into two groups on the basis of whether they fulfilled the Guideline symptom criteria laid down by AAO-HNS in 2015 for diagnosing chronic rhinosinusitis. Each group underwent diagnostic nasal endoscopy (DNE), and patients with either purulence, edema in the middle meatus or ethmoid, and polyps in the nasal cavity or middle meatus were considered positive for DNE. A Lund-Mackay CT score of > 4 was considered diagnostic of CRS. Each group was analyzed separately. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value of guideline symptom with and without the addition of nasal endoscopy was recorded taking CT as the gold standard. Nasal obstruction was the most common seen in all cases (100%) followed by headache in 45 (38.1%), facial pain in 32 (27.1%), anterior nasal discharge in 28 (23.7%), decreased sense of smell in 22 (18.6%), and posterior nasal discharge in 19 (16.1%). Two-thirds of patients (78, 66.1%) fulfilled the clinical guideline symptoms criteria, and one-third of patients (40, 33.9%) did not fulfill the clinical guideline symptoms criteria. A positive finding on DNE was found in 59.3% (n = 70) of patients. More than half of patients (62, 52.5%) had mild grade on endoscopic examination, while only 8 (6.8%) had moderate grade, and none had severe grade. Guideline symptoms have a high sensitivity (80%) but a low specificity (50.94%) in the diagnosis of CRS, with a fair level of agreement with CT diagnosis (Kappa = 0.32). DNE has a moderate sensitivity (72.31%) but a low specificity (56.60%) in the diagnosis of CRS, with a fair level of agreement with CT diagnosis (Kappa = 0.29). Sensitivity and specificity were 80.77% and 57.69% respectively when guideline symptoms and DNE findings are taken in series. We conclude that neither Guideline Symptom Criteria nor DNE is independently sufficient enough to have a high diagnostic accuracy for CRS. Comparing the diagnostic efficiency among various modalities, we report that in patients who meet guideline symptom criteria for CRS, the addition of nasal endoscopy turned out to be a cost-effective diagnostic approach and improves the diagnostic accuracy of DNE for CRS reasonably, hence should be emphasized as a diagnostic tool in the evaluation of patients for CRS.
慢性鼻炎是世界各地耳鼻喉外科医生和全科医生常见的一种疾病。本研究旨在评估和验证以 CT 为金标准,仅凭临床指南症状(AAO-HNS 2015 规定)和/或鼻内窥镜检查结果能否预测 CRS 的诊断。研究共选取了 118 名有慢性鼻炎症状的患者。根据他们是否符合 AAO-HNS 于 2015 年制定的慢性鼻炎诊断指南症状标准,将他们分为两组。每组患者均接受诊断性鼻内镜检查(DNE),鼻腔或中鼻道出现脓涕、中鼻道或乙状结肠水肿、鼻腔或中鼻道息肉的患者均被视为 DNE 阳性。Lund-Mackay CT 评分大于 4 分可诊断为 CRS。每组分别进行分析。以 CT 为金标准,记录了鼻内窥镜检查和未进行鼻内窥镜检查的指导症状的敏感性、特异性和阳性预测值。所有病例中最常见的症状是鼻塞(100%),其次是头痛 45 例(38.1%)、面部疼痛 32 例(27.1%)、前鼻涕 28 例(23.7%)、嗅觉减退 22 例(18.6%)和后鼻涕 19 例(16.1%)。三分之二的患者(78 人,66.1%)符合临床指南的症状标准,三分之一的患者(40 人,33.9%)不符合临床指南的症状标准。59.3%的患者(70 人)在 DNE 中发现阳性结果。超过一半的患者(62 人,52.5%)在内窥镜检查中为轻度,只有 8 人(6.8%)为中度,无重度患者。在诊断 CRS 时,指南症状的灵敏度较高(80%),但特异性较低(50.94%),与 CT 诊断的一致性尚可(Kappa = 0.32)。DNE 诊断 CRS 的灵敏度中等(72.31%),但特异性较低(56.60%),与 CT 诊断的吻合程度一般(Kappa = 0.29)。如果将指南症状和 DNE 结果进行串联,敏感性和特异性分别为 80.77% 和 57.69%。我们的结论是,无论是指南症状标准还是 DNE,都不足以独立地对 CRS 具有较高的诊断准确性。通过比较各种方法的诊断效率,我们发现,对于符合 CRS 指南症状标准的患者,增加鼻内窥镜检查是一种经济有效的诊断方法,并能合理提高 DNE 对 CRS 的诊断准确性,因此应将其作为评估 CRS 患者的一种诊断工具加以重视。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of septal deviation and turbinate hypertrophy on nasal airway obstruction: insights from imaging and the NOSE scale: a retrospective study 鼻中隔偏曲和鼻甲肥大对鼻气道阻塞的影响:从成像和 NOSE 量表中获得的启示:一项回顾性研究
Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1186/s43163-024-00650-0
Oğuzhan Dikici, Osman Durgut
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of nasal septum deviation and inferior turbinate hypertrophy on nasal obstruction by utilizing the Nose Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) values and paranasal sinus computed tomography (PSCT) findings for correct preoperative evaluation. Ninety-six patients (57 males and 39 females) aged between 18 and 54 years (mean age, 30.3 ± 9.7 years) participated in this study. Among them, 56 patients underwent septoplasty combined with inferior turbinate outfracture, while 40 patients underwent septoplasty alone. Preoperative nasal examinations were performed on all patients. The direction, location, nasal septum deviation classification, and inferior turbinate hypertrophy size classification were carefully evaluated and compared with the NOSE survey results. PSCT of 56 patients were evaluated and classified by calculating the coronal location of septum deviation, the axial location of septum deviation, the coronal angle of septum deviation, and the axial angle of septum deviation. A positive correlation was found between the coronal location of the septal deviation and the preoperative NOSE 2, and the NOSE total, and the difference of postoperative and preoperative NOSE (p = 0.032, p = 0.007, p = 0.021, respectively). There was a statistically significant relationship between the coronal location of the septal deviation classification and the NOSE preoperative total values (p = 0.26). A negative statistically significant correlation was found between inferior turbinate hypertrophy and preoperative NOSE 5 values (p = 0.029). We conclude that the combination of PSCT and the NOSE scale is helpful in determining the severity of nasal obstruction prior to surgery. Specifically, we found that nasal septum deviations located in the anterior and coronal planes have a greater impact on nasal obstruction compared to deviations in the axial plane. Inferior turbinate fracture does not provide more benefit than septoplasty alone in treating patients’ nasal obstruction. These findings emphasize the importance of a comprehensive approach in addressing nasal obstruction for optimal patient outcomes.
本研究旨在通过鼻阻塞症状评估(NOSE)值和副鼻窦计算机断层扫描(PSCT)结果进行正确的术前评估,从而评估鼻中隔偏曲和下鼻甲肥大对鼻阻塞的影响。参与本研究的 96 名患者(57 名男性和 39 名女性)年龄在 18 至 54 岁之间(平均年龄为 30.3 ± 9.7 岁)。其中,56 名患者接受了鼻中隔成形术联合下鼻甲外翻术,40 名患者仅接受了鼻中隔成形术。所有患者均接受了术前鼻腔检查。仔细评估了鼻中隔偏曲的方向、位置、鼻中隔偏曲分类和下鼻甲肥大大小分类,并与 NOSE 调查结果进行了比较。通过计算鼻中隔偏曲的冠状位置、鼻中隔偏曲的轴向位置、鼻中隔偏曲的冠状角度和鼻中隔偏曲的轴向角度,对 56 例患者的 PSCT 进行了评估和分类。研究发现,鼻中隔偏曲的冠状位置与术前 NOSE 2、NOSE 总值以及术后与术前 NOSE 的差值呈正相关(分别为 p = 0.032、p = 0.007、p = 0.021)。室间隔偏差分类的冠状位置与术前 NOSE 总值之间存在统计学意义上的显著关系(p = 0.26)。下鼻甲肥大与术前 NOSE 5 值之间存在统计学意义上的负相关(p = 0.029)。我们的结论是,结合 PSCT 和 NOSE 量表有助于在手术前确定鼻腔阻塞的严重程度。具体而言,我们发现与轴向平面的偏差相比,位于前方和冠状面的鼻中隔偏差对鼻阻塞的影响更大。在治疗患者的鼻阻塞方面,下鼻甲骨折并不比单纯的鼻中隔成形术更有效。这些发现强调了采用综合方法治疗鼻阻塞以获得最佳疗效的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Cognitive assessment in multiple sclerosis patients: electrophysiological and subjective studies 多发性硬化症患者的认知评估:电生理和主观研究
Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1186/s43163-024-00648-8
Abeer Elsayed, Mona Kotait, Salma Ragab, Takwa Gabr
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a persistent inflammatory condition affecting the central nervous system, often associated with cognitive impairment. This impairment frequently presents itself as deficiencies in short-term memory, attention, and information processing speed. This research was designed to investigate P300 in patients with MS and its correlation with their cognitive function and their state of fatigue and depression. This work included two groups: the control group (20 subjects) and the study group (30 MS patients). Evaluation encompassed clinical history, audiological assessment, the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), the fatigue severity scale, the Beck Depression Inventory, Addenbrooke’s cognitive examination, and P300 component of event-related potentials (ERPs). The study group exhibited varying degrees of fatigue and depression. The scores of Addenbrooke’s cognitive evaluation were reduced in the MS group. The MS group exhibited a considerably prolonged P300 latency compared to the control group. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of P300 in assessing cognitive function in persons diagnosed with MS.
多发性硬化症(MS)是一种影响中枢神经系统的持续性炎症,通常伴有认知障碍。这种损伤通常表现为短期记忆、注意力和信息处理速度的缺陷。本研究旨在调查多发性硬化症患者的 P300 值及其与认知功能、疲劳和抑郁状态的相关性。这项工作包括两组:对照组(20 名受试者)和研究组(30 名多发性硬化症患者)。评估包括临床病史、听力评估、残疾状况扩展量表(EDSS)、疲劳严重程度量表、贝克抑郁量表、Addenbrooke 认知检查和事件相关电位(ERPs)的 P300 分量。研究组表现出不同程度的疲劳和抑郁。多发性硬化症组的 Addenbrooke 认知评估得分降低。与对照组相比,多发性硬化症组的 P300 潜伏期明显延长。这项研究证明了 P300 在评估多发性硬化症患者认知功能方面的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology
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