Pub Date : 2024-02-19DOI: 10.1017/s0021859624000157
W. Mphande, A. D. Farrell, L. H. Vickers, I. G. Grove, P. S. Kettlewell
In Mediterranean-type climates, terminal drought induces grain yield losses in wheat. Antitranspirants can reduce the impacts of terminal drought and improve yield, but the mechanisms involved are not fully understood. Among other impacts, drought elevates endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) concentration. Here, the effectiveness of a film antitranspirant (di-1-p-menthene) was studied in relation to plant water status and spike ABA. The objective was to determine whether drought amelioration with di-1-p-menthene was solely mediated through a reduction in ABA by comparing its effects to that of fluridone (an ABA inhibitor). The treatments were assessed in a randomized complete block design in two field experiments in spring and summer of 2020, with six and eight replicate blocks, respectively, at Harper Adams University, UK, to compare their effects on spike ABA, gas exchange and agronomic traits under progressive drought conditions. Di-1-p-menthene was applied at 1 l/ha; and fluridone at 10, 20 and 50 μM concentrations, at flag leaf emergence, growth stage 37 (GS37). Drought increased spike ABA and downregulated photosynthesis. Di-1-p-menthene and fluridone at some concentrations, reduced spike ABA and photosynthesis. Di-1-p-menthene suppressed transpiration and spike ABA, each by 21% but increased grain yield by 27%. In contrast, although fluridone (at 10 and 50 μM) also reduced spike ABA (by 16%), overall, it did not alter transpiration or grain yield. The results suggest that yield improvement with di-1-p-methene is mediated through mechanisms that involve conservation of plant water linked to reduced transpiration, with inhibition of spike ABA playing a secondary role.
在地中海型气候条件下，终期干旱会导致小麦减产。抗逆剂可以减轻终期干旱的影响并提高产量，但其中的机理尚未完全明了。除其他影响外，干旱还会提高内源脱落酸（ABA）的浓度。在此，研究人员结合植物水分状况和穗轴脱落酸（ABA）研究了薄膜抗蒸腾剂（二-1-对薄荷素）的效果。目的是通过比较二-1-对孟替尼与氟利酮（一种 ABA 抑制剂）的效果，确定二-1-对孟替尼改善干旱是否仅通过减少 ABA 来实现。2020 年春季和夏季，在英国哈珀-亚当斯大学（Harper Adams University）进行了两次田间试验，采用随机完全区组设计（分别有六个和八个重复区组）对处理进行了评估，以比较它们在渐进干旱条件下对穗ABA、气体交换和农艺性状的影响。在旗叶萌发、生长阶段 37（GS37）时，以 1 升/公顷的剂量施用二-1-对孟替尼，以 10、20 和 50 μM 的浓度施用氟啶酮。干旱增加了穗粒 ABA，并降低了光合作用。二-1-对孟替尼和氟啶酮在某些浓度下会降低穗的 ABA 和光合作用。Di-1-p-menthene 可抑制蒸腾作用和穗 ABA，各减少 21%，但谷物产量却增加了 27%。相反，虽然氟啶酮（10 μM 和 50 μM）也会降低穗的 ABA（16%），但总体而言，它不会改变蒸腾作用或谷物产量。这些结果表明，二-1-对甲苯酚能提高产量，其机制是通过减少蒸腾作用来保持植物水分，而抑制穗的 ABA 起次要作用。
{"title":"Yield improvement with antitranspirant application in droughted wheat associated with both reduced transpiration and reduced abscisic acid","authors":"W. Mphande, A. D. Farrell, L. H. Vickers, I. G. Grove, P. S. Kettlewell","doi":"10.1017/s0021859624000157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021859624000157","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In Mediterranean-type climates, terminal drought induces grain yield losses in wheat. Antitranspirants can reduce the impacts of terminal drought and improve yield, but the mechanisms involved are not fully understood. Among other impacts, drought elevates endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) concentration. Here, the effectiveness of a film antitranspirant (di-1-<span>p</span>-menthene) was studied in relation to plant water status and spike ABA. The objective was to determine whether drought amelioration with di-1-<span>p</span>-menthene was solely mediated through a reduction in ABA by comparing its effects to that of fluridone (an ABA inhibitor). The treatments were assessed in a randomized complete block design in two field experiments in spring and summer of 2020, with six and eight replicate blocks, respectively, at Harper Adams University, UK, to compare their effects on spike ABA, gas exchange and agronomic traits under progressive drought conditions. Di-1-<span>p</span>-menthene was applied at 1 l/ha; and fluridone at 10, 20 and 50 μM concentrations, at flag leaf emergence, growth stage 37 (GS37). Drought increased spike ABA and downregulated photosynthesis. Di-1-<span>p</span>-menthene and fluridone at some concentrations, reduced spike ABA and photosynthesis. Di-1-<span>p</span>-menthene suppressed transpiration and spike ABA, each by 21% but increased grain yield by 27%. In contrast, although fluridone (at 10 and 50 μM) also reduced spike ABA (by 16%), overall, it did not alter transpiration or grain yield. The results suggest that yield improvement with di-1-<span>p</span>-methene is mediated through mechanisms that involve conservation of plant water linked to reduced transpiration, with inhibition of spike ABA playing a secondary role.</p>","PeriodicalId":501199,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Agricultural Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140203718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-15DOI: 10.1017/s0021859624000017
A. Pérez-Ruchel, J. L. Repetto, C. Cajarville, M. P. Mezzomo, G. V. Kozloski
Three male sheep were fed, throughout three experimental periods, with either only forage, only total mixed ration (TMR) or a mixed diet (TMR + forage). The rich-fibre ingredients of each diet were incubated daily in situ for three days and the ruminal pH was measured every 2 h during the last day of each experimental period. Rumen pH decreased at increased proportion of TMR in diet (P < 0.05). The dry matter (DM) degradability of the grass forage was higher (P < 0.05) in animals receiving only forage than in those receiving the mixed diet whereas the DM degradability of the corn silage was higher (P < 0.05) in animals receiving the mixed diet than in those receiving only TMR. The level of microbial adherence in residues of grass forage was higher (P < 0.05) in animals fed with only forage than in those fed with the mixed diet and, the level of microbial adherence in residue of corn silage was higher (P < 0.05) in animals receiving the mixed diet than in those receiving TMR. The carboxymethylcellulase activity in residues of grass forage was higher (P < 0.05) in sheep fed the mixed diet whereas not significant effect of diet type was observed for this variable in residues of corn silage. In conclusion, increased inclusion of TMR in sheep diet showed a negative impact on microbial adherence and forage degradability in situ, an effect mediated by changes in rumen pH which was not compensated by increased fibrolytic activity.
{"title":"Feed intake, microbial adherence and fibrolytic activity in residues of forage samples incubated in the rumen of sheep fed grass forages and/or a total mixed ration","authors":"A. Pérez-Ruchel, J. L. Repetto, C. Cajarville, M. P. Mezzomo, G. V. Kozloski","doi":"10.1017/s0021859624000017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021859624000017","url":null,"abstract":"Three male sheep were fed, throughout three experimental periods, with either only forage, only total mixed ration (TMR) or a mixed diet (TMR + forage). The rich-fibre ingredients of each diet were incubated daily <jats:italic>in situ</jats:italic> for three days and the ruminal pH was measured every 2 h during the last day of each experimental period. Rumen pH decreased at increased proportion of TMR in diet (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic> < 0.05). The dry matter (DM) degradability of the grass forage was higher (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic> < 0.05) in animals receiving only forage than in those receiving the mixed diet whereas the DM degradability of the corn silage was higher (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic> < 0.05) in animals receiving the mixed diet than in those receiving only TMR. The level of microbial adherence in residues of grass forage was higher (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic> < 0.05) in animals fed with only forage than in those fed with the mixed diet and, the level of microbial adherence in residue of corn silage was higher (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic> < 0.05) in animals receiving the mixed diet than in those receiving TMR. The carboxymethylcellulase activity in residues of grass forage was higher (<jats:italic>P</jats:italic> < 0.05) in sheep fed the mixed diet whereas not significant effect of diet type was observed for this variable in residues of corn silage. In conclusion, increased inclusion of TMR in sheep diet showed a negative impact on microbial adherence and forage degradability <jats:italic>in situ</jats:italic>, an effect mediated by changes in rumen pH which was not compensated by increased fibrolytic activity.","PeriodicalId":501199,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Agricultural Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139759914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-18DOI: 10.1017/s0021859624000091
Endalkachew Mengistie, A. G. McDonald
{"title":"Effect of cell wall compositions on lodging resistance of cereal crops: review","authors":"Endalkachew Mengistie, A. G. McDonald","doi":"10.1017/s0021859624000091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021859624000091","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":501199,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Agricultural Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139614495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-16DOI: 10.1017/s0021859624000078
Nicholas Alexander George, R. Coorey, Kingsley Dixon, Sarita Jane Bennett
{"title":"A review of the de novo domestication and cultivation of edible Australian native plants as food crops","authors":"Nicholas Alexander George, R. Coorey, Kingsley Dixon, Sarita Jane Bennett","doi":"10.1017/s0021859624000078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021859624000078","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":501199,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Agricultural Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139527901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-04DOI: 10.1017/s0021859624000030
R. A. A. Pereira, M. S. Vianna, F. R. Marin
{"title":"Sample size, range of parameters, and time-dependent effects on global sensitivity analysis in sugarcane modelling","authors":"R. A. A. Pereira, M. S. Vianna, F. R. Marin","doi":"10.1017/s0021859624000030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021859624000030","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":501199,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Agricultural Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139385783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-03DOI: 10.1017/s0021859623000539
R. Heering, R. Baumont, N. Selje-Aßmann, U. Dickhoefer
{"title":"Effect of physically effective fibre on chewing behaviour, ruminal fermentation, digesta passage and protein metabolism of dairy cows","authors":"R. Heering, R. Baumont, N. Selje-Aßmann, U. Dickhoefer","doi":"10.1017/s0021859623000539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021859623000539","url":null,"abstract":"<p><img href=\"S0021859623000539_figAb.png\" mimesubtype=\"png\" mimetype=\"image\" orientation=\"\" position=\"\" src=\"https://static.cambridge.org/content/id/urn%3Acambridge.org%3Aid%3Aarticle%3AS0021859623000539/resource/name/S0021859623000539_figAb.png?pub-status=live\" type=\"\"/></p>","PeriodicalId":501199,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Agricultural Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139084003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-14DOI: 10.1017/s0021859623000606
C. M. Freitas, J. I. Yasuoka, G. C. Pires, J. P. Gama, L.G. S. Oliveira, J. E. A. Davi, L. S. Silva, I. A. G. Silva, C. Bremm, P. C. F. Carvalho, A. Moraes, E. D. Souza
{"title":"System fertilization in the pasture phase enhances productivity in integrated crop–livestock systems","authors":"C. M. Freitas, J. I. Yasuoka, G. C. Pires, J. P. Gama, L.G. S. Oliveira, J. E. A. Davi, L. S. Silva, I. A. G. Silva, C. Bremm, P. C. F. Carvalho, A. Moraes, E. D. Souza","doi":"10.1017/s0021859623000606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021859623000606","url":null,"abstract":"<p><img href=\"S0021859623000606_figAb.png\" mimesubtype=\"png\" mimetype=\"image\" orientation=\"\" position=\"\" src=\"https://static.cambridge.org/content/id/urn%3Acambridge.org%3Aid%3Aarticle%3AS0021859623000606/resource/name/S0021859623000606_figAb.png?pub-status=live\" type=\"\"/></p>","PeriodicalId":501199,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Agricultural Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138632853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-29DOI: 10.1017/s0021859623000588
Dan Dhanoa, R. Sanderson, Sue Lister, Rogerio Martins Mauricio, Secundino López, Jennifer Ellis, Chris Powell, James France
The use of repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) options for the analysis of in vitro ruminal fermentation gas production profiles is illustrated. Because of the different variances and covariance structures among profile observations, ordinary ANOVA for more than two-time points is not recommended. To mitigate this problem, the Greenhouse–Geisser epsilon correction can be applied to reduce the degrees of freedom, inflated by violation of the sphericity assumption, for F ratio probability calculations. After this correction, the Box–Greenhouse–Geisser ANOVA (modified ANOVA) layout appears similar to the layout of a split-plot design ANOVA with whole plots divided into subplots (incubation time). Any F tests in the main plot part are valid but F tests involving the time factor from the subplot part need modification because time factor, by its very nature, cannot be allocated at random. Application of multivariate ANOVA, distance multivariate ANOVA, ante-dependence and mixed model analysis are also considered. All these options lend themselves to wide application in the applied biological sciences.
{"title":"Statistical options for the analysis of in vitro gas production profiles illustrated using rumen liquor as the inoculum","authors":"Dan Dhanoa, R. Sanderson, Sue Lister, Rogerio Martins Mauricio, Secundino López, Jennifer Ellis, Chris Powell, James France","doi":"10.1017/s0021859623000588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021859623000588","url":null,"abstract":"The use of repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) options for the analysis of <jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic> ruminal fermentation gas production profiles is illustrated. Because of the different variances and covariance structures among profile observations, ordinary ANOVA for more than two-time points is not recommended. To mitigate this problem, the Greenhouse–Geisser epsilon correction can be applied to reduce the degrees of freedom, inflated by violation of the sphericity assumption, for <jats:italic>F</jats:italic> ratio probability calculations. After this correction, the Box–Greenhouse–Geisser ANOVA (modified ANOVA) layout appears similar to the layout of a split-plot design ANOVA with whole plots divided into subplots (incubation time). Any <jats:italic>F</jats:italic> tests in the main plot part are valid but <jats:italic>F</jats:italic> tests involving the time factor from the subplot part need modification because time factor, by its very nature, cannot be allocated at random. Application of multivariate ANOVA, distance multivariate ANOVA, ante-dependence and mixed model analysis are also considered. All these options lend themselves to wide application in the applied biological sciences.","PeriodicalId":501199,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Agricultural Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138510685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-29DOI: 10.1017/s0021859623000527
Talea Becker, Manfred Kayser, Johannes Isselstein
Grassland production based on cutting-only and an increasing frequency of prolonged periods of drought due to climate change could lead to decreased productivity in Lolium perenne. In field experiments, we tested whether Festuca arundinacea and Phleum pratense could be suitable alternatives to L. perenne on intensively managed grassland on clay, peat and sandy soil. The three grasses were sown in mixture with Poa pratensis and Trifolium repens and subjected to different frequencies of defoliation representing a cutting-only system, simulated grazing system and a mixed system. We found that in systems with at least six defoliations, F. arundinacea represented an acceptable compromise between feed quality (6.4 MJ net energy/kg dry matter (DM), 19.3% crude protein, CP), persistence (mass proportion >90%), and DM yield (12.7 Mg/ha). However, for dairy production based on intensive cutting-only systems, the quality of F. arundinacea was insufficient (5.9 MJ net energy/kg DM, 15.6% CP). Mixtures with P. pratense as the main sown species did not differ significantly in production of net energy and CP from L. perenne in cutting-only systems on sandy soil. On peat land, all sown mixtures were invaded by Holcus lanatus. We found that under frequent defoliation conditions, H. lanatus-rich swards had comparatively good DM yields (9.2 Mg/ha) and a feed quality that would be sufficient for dairy cow nutrition (net energy, 6.2–6.4 MJ/kg DM; 18.8–20.4% CP). We conclude that there is potential to adapt the choice of grasses and mixtures in different production systems to meet the challenges of climate change.
{"title":"Feed quality of modern varieties of Festuca arundinacea and Phleum pratense as an alternative to Lolium perenne in intensively managed grassland with different defoliation schemes","authors":"Talea Becker, Manfred Kayser, Johannes Isselstein","doi":"10.1017/s0021859623000527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021859623000527","url":null,"abstract":"Grassland production based on cutting-only and an increasing frequency of prolonged periods of drought due to climate change could lead to decreased productivity in <jats:italic>Lolium perenne</jats:italic>. In field experiments, we tested whether <jats:italic>Festuca arundinacea</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Phleum pratense</jats:italic> could be suitable alternatives to <jats:italic>L. perenne</jats:italic> on intensively managed grassland on clay, peat and sandy soil. The three grasses were sown in mixture with <jats:italic>Poa pratensis</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Trifolium repens</jats:italic> and subjected to different frequencies of defoliation representing a cutting-only system, simulated grazing system and a mixed system. We found that in systems with at least six defoliations, <jats:italic>F. arundinacea</jats:italic> represented an acceptable compromise between feed quality (6.4 MJ net energy/kg dry matter (DM), 19.3% crude protein, CP), persistence (mass proportion >90%), and DM yield (12.7 Mg/ha). However, for dairy production based on intensive cutting-only systems, the quality of <jats:italic>F. arundinacea</jats:italic> was insufficient (5.9 MJ net energy/kg DM, 15.6% CP). Mixtures with <jats:italic>P. pratense</jats:italic> as the main sown species did not differ significantly in production of net energy and CP from <jats:italic>L. perenne</jats:italic> in cutting-only systems on sandy soil. On peat land, all sown mixtures were invaded by <jats:italic>Holcus lanatus.</jats:italic> We found that under frequent defoliation conditions, <jats:italic>H. lanatus</jats:italic>-rich swards had comparatively good DM yields (9.2 Mg/ha) and a feed quality that would be sufficient for dairy cow nutrition (net energy, 6.2–6.4 MJ/kg DM; 18.8–20.4% CP). We conclude that there is potential to adapt the choice of grasses and mixtures in different production systems to meet the challenges of climate change.","PeriodicalId":501199,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Agricultural Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138510301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-29DOI: 10.1017/s002185962300059x
Sarah Walsh, Luc Delaby, Michael Kennedy, Zoe McKay, Michael O'Donovan, Christina Fleming, Michael Egan
The objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of level and timing of silage supplementation during early lactation on animal performance and dry matter intake (DMI). Two farm-lets were established with a high (1253 kg DM/ha) and low (862 kg DM/ha) grass availability at turnout. In spring, cows were assigned to one of two treatments as they calved over 2 years; high grass (HG) and low grass (LG). During period 1 (week 1–6), cows on the HG treatment were offered a high daily herbage allowance (DHA) with low silage and the LG treatment were offered a low DHA with high silage. In period 2 (week 7–12), half of the cows from the HG treatment in P1 switched to the LG treatment in P2 and vice versa as 20 LG cows in P1 switched to the HG treatment in P2. Cows on the HG treatment in P2 received a high DHA with no silage and the LG treatment received a low DHA with 3 kg DM/cow silage. Grass DMI was significantly higher for the HG treatment during both periods (+1.6 and +3.4 kg DM/cow/day, respectively). The HG treatment produced +0.9 kg milk/cow/day and had a higher protein concentration (+1.1 g/kg milk) compared to cows on the LG treatment during period 2. Differences in animal performance observed in period 2 were maintained throughout the 8-week carryover period.
本研究旨在探讨泌乳期早期青贮水平和饲喂时间对动物生产性能和干物质采食量的影响。建立了两个牧场，牧场牧草利用率高(1253 kg DM/ha)和低(862 kg DM/ha)。在春天，奶牛被分配到两种治疗方法中的一种，因为它们在2年内产犊;高草(HG)和低草(LG)。第1期(第1 - 6周)，HG组饲喂高DHA低青贮饲粮，LG组饲喂低DHA高青贮饲粮。第2期(第7-12周)，P1期HG处理的奶牛中有一半转投P2期LG处理，P1期20头LG奶牛转投P2期HG处理。P2期HG组饲喂高DHA，不添加青贮饲料;LG组饲喂低DHA，添加3 kg DM/奶牛青贮饲料。两期HG处理的草DMI均显著高于对照组(分别为+1.6和+3.4 kg DM/奶牛/天)。第2期HG处理的奶牛产奶量为+0.9 kg /d，蛋白质浓度为+1.1 g/kg，高于LG处理。在8周的结转期内，第2期观察到的动物生产性能差异得以保持。
{"title":"The effect of spring grass availability and silage supplementation on dairy cow performance and dry matter intake during early lactation","authors":"Sarah Walsh, Luc Delaby, Michael Kennedy, Zoe McKay, Michael O'Donovan, Christina Fleming, Michael Egan","doi":"10.1017/s002185962300059x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s002185962300059x","url":null,"abstract":"The objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of level and timing of silage supplementation during early lactation on animal performance and dry matter intake (DMI). Two farm-lets were established with a high (1253 kg DM/ha) and low (862 kg DM/ha) grass availability at turnout. In spring, cows were assigned to one of two treatments as they calved over 2 years; high grass (HG) and low grass (LG). During period 1 (week 1–6), cows on the HG treatment were offered a high daily herbage allowance (DHA) with low silage and the LG treatment were offered a low DHA with high silage. In period 2 (week 7–12), half of the cows from the HG treatment in P1 switched to the LG treatment in P2 and vice versa as 20 LG cows in P1 switched to the HG treatment in P2. Cows on the HG treatment in P2 received a high DHA with no silage and the LG treatment received a low DHA with 3 kg DM/cow silage. Grass DMI was significantly higher for the HG treatment during both periods (+1.6 and +3.4 kg DM/cow/day, respectively). The HG treatment produced +0.9 kg milk/cow/day and had a higher protein concentration (+1.1 g/kg milk) compared to cows on the LG treatment during period 2. Differences in animal performance observed in period 2 were maintained throughout the 8-week carryover period.","PeriodicalId":501199,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Agricultural Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138510302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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