N. A. Barrientos-Lujan, F. Rodríguez-Zaragoza, A. López-Pérez
The diversity of gastropods and bivalves, total mollusc richness and total mollusc abundance were analysed for three substrates (coral, rock and sand) in the coral and reef ecosystems of the Mexican Tropical Pacific (MTP). Up to 3,828 individuals (70% gastropods and 30% bivalves), belonging to 209 species (146 gastropods and 63 bivalves), were identified; this is one of the most diverse molluscan faunas (2.77 species/m2) associated with reef systems in the MTP. Evaluation of the sampling effort demonstrated that 80% of gastropod species and 93% of bivalve species inhabiting the reef system were recovered. The highest abundance occurred in the coral substrate (1,939 individuals), while the highest species richness was found on the rock substrate (131 species). The analysis showed that the greatest spatial variation in total mollusc, gastropod and bivalve diversity occurred among different substrates within individual localities, with minor differences among assemblages with increasing spatial scale reflecting the relative homogeneity of the molluscan fauna in the study area. While the gastropods Conus nux, Steironepion piperatum and Muricopsis zeteki accounted for differences among different regions, and Vermicularia pellucida eburnea and Bostrycapulus aculeatus accounted for differences among states, the abundances of M. zeteki, B. aculeatus and V. pellucida eburnea were related to differences in diversity at the scale of individual localities. Among bivalves, Leiosolenus aristatus, L. plumula and Gastrochaena ovata accounted for differences between regions, states and localities, respectively. Overall, the study shows that species composition is influenced by both the substrate and the geographical location of assemblages. This indicates that conservation strategies should address preserving habitat heterogeneity at local scales in the study area.
{"title":"Richness, abundance and spatial heterogeneity of gastropods and bivalves in coral ecosystems across the Mexican Tropical Pacific","authors":"N. A. Barrientos-Lujan, F. Rodríguez-Zaragoza, A. López-Pérez","doi":"10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAB004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAB004","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The diversity of gastropods and bivalves, total mollusc richness and total mollusc abundance were analysed for three substrates (coral, rock and sand) in the coral and reef ecosystems of the Mexican Tropical Pacific (MTP). Up to 3,828 individuals (70% gastropods and 30% bivalves), belonging to 209 species (146 gastropods and 63 bivalves), were identified; this is one of the most diverse molluscan faunas (2.77 species/m2) associated with reef systems in the MTP. Evaluation of the sampling effort demonstrated that 80% of gastropod species and 93% of bivalve species inhabiting the reef system were recovered. The highest abundance occurred in the coral substrate (1,939 individuals), while the highest species richness was found on the rock substrate (131 species). The analysis showed that the greatest spatial variation in total mollusc, gastropod and bivalve diversity occurred among different substrates within individual localities, with minor differences among assemblages with increasing spatial scale reflecting the relative homogeneity of the molluscan fauna in the study area. While the gastropods Conus nux, Steironepion piperatum and Muricopsis zeteki accounted for differences among different regions, and Vermicularia pellucida eburnea and Bostrycapulus aculeatus accounted for differences among states, the abundances of M. zeteki, B. aculeatus and V. pellucida eburnea were related to differences in diversity at the scale of individual localities. Among bivalves, Leiosolenus aristatus, L. plumula and Gastrochaena ovata accounted for differences between regions, states and localities, respectively. Overall, the study shows that species composition is influenced by both the substrate and the geographical location of assemblages. This indicates that conservation strategies should address preserving habitat heterogeneity at local scales in the study area.","PeriodicalId":50126,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molluscan Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAB004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42525960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fernanda Cabrera, A. Breure, W. Norbis, S. Martínez
In the Late Cretaceous fossil record of Uruguay, three morphotypes of Bulimulus (Bulimulidae) have been recorded: Bulimulus klappenbachi and two undescribed ones. A geometric morphometric analysis was conducted to show whether the three morphotypes represent one or more species. With this aim, the three fossils were compared with three extant species of the same genus: Bulimulus bonariensis, B. guadalupensis and B. rushi. Variability within and among these three well-known extant species was tested to evaluate differences in the fossil morphotypes. Twenty-eight landmarks were selected (9 permanent landmarks and 19 semi-landmarks) and principal component analysis and canonical variate analysis were performed. Results indicate that only one of the unnamed morphotypes can be described as a new species and that the other is a variant of B. klappenbachi. The latter fossil species is described as Bulimulus frenguellii n. sp.
{"title":"Description of a new Late Cretaceous species of Bulimulus Leach, 1814 (Orthalicoidea: Bulimulidae) using geometric morphometric analysis","authors":"Fernanda Cabrera, A. Breure, W. Norbis, S. Martínez","doi":"10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAB006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAB006","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In the Late Cretaceous fossil record of Uruguay, three morphotypes of Bulimulus (Bulimulidae) have been recorded: Bulimulus klappenbachi and two undescribed ones. A geometric morphometric analysis was conducted to show whether the three morphotypes represent one or more species. With this aim, the three fossils were compared with three extant species of the same genus: Bulimulus bonariensis, B. guadalupensis and B. rushi. Variability within and among these three well-known extant species was tested to evaluate differences in the fossil morphotypes. Twenty-eight landmarks were selected (9 permanent landmarks and 19 semi-landmarks) and principal component analysis and canonical variate analysis were performed. Results indicate that only one of the unnamed morphotypes can be described as a new species and that the other is a variant of B. klappenbachi. The latter fossil species is described as Bulimulus frenguellii n. sp.","PeriodicalId":50126,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molluscan Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47539222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Radula packing and storage facilitated by tooth morphology in selected taenioglossan Gastropoda","authors":"W. Krings, S. Gorb","doi":"10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAB007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAB007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50126,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molluscan Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49205369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Omar Hernando Avila-Poveda, Quetzalli Yasu Abadia-Chanona, Isis Laura Alvarez-Garcia, M. Arellano-Martínez
{"title":"Plasticity in reproductive traits of an intertidal rocky shore chiton (Polyplacophora: Chitonida) under pre-ENSO and ENSO events","authors":"Omar Hernando Avila-Poveda, Quetzalli Yasu Abadia-Chanona, Isis Laura Alvarez-Garcia, M. Arellano-Martínez","doi":"10.1093/mollus/eyaa033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/eyaa033","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50126,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molluscan Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43293163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Bunet, Jean-Marc Prevot, N. Vicente, J. R. García-March, Rajko Martinović, J. Tena-Medialdea, D. Joksimović, Jean-Luc Bonnefont, S. Coupé
The noble pen shell Pinna nobilis is a Mediterranean endemic and emblematic giant bivalve. Already considered by the late 20th century to be an endangered species, it is facing a dramatic and rapidly expanding epizooty that has decimated populations since mid-2016. The ecological importance of P. nobilis has prompted important investigations for conservation purposes. Here, we report a first analysis of the whole genome sequencing of this animal. This was performed on an Illumina HiSeq X platform using a single paired-end library of short fragments (2 × 150 bp). The de novo contig assembly had a total size of 584 Mb (96,738 contigs, N50 = 7.6 kb, with 0.4% of ambiguous nucleotides), representing 77.5% of the predicted genome size of 754 Mb. The P. nobilis genome is highly AT-rich, with a GC content of 35.6%. At 1%, heterozygosity was in the range of other bivalves with sequenced genomes. Over one-third (36.2%) of the genome consisted of repeated elements with a surprising larger number of short interspersed nuclear elements compared to other molluscan genomes. We were also able to reconstruct the full mitochondrial genome (c. 19 kb, with 12 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNA and 22 tRNA genes). In the context of the epizootic outbreak affecting P. nobilis, a first insight into the innate immune and stress-related genes found in the sequence is provided.
{"title":"First insight into the whole genome shotgun sequence of the endangered noble pen shell Pinna nobilis: a giant bivalve undergoing a mass mortality event","authors":"R. Bunet, Jean-Marc Prevot, N. Vicente, J. R. García-March, Rajko Martinović, J. Tena-Medialdea, D. Joksimović, Jean-Luc Bonnefont, S. Coupé","doi":"10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAA041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAA041","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The noble pen shell Pinna nobilis is a Mediterranean endemic and emblematic giant bivalve. Already considered by the late 20th century to be an endangered species, it is facing a dramatic and rapidly expanding epizooty that has decimated populations since mid-2016. The ecological importance of P. nobilis has prompted important investigations for conservation purposes. Here, we report a first analysis of the whole genome sequencing of this animal. This was performed on an Illumina HiSeq X platform using a single paired-end library of short fragments (2 × 150 bp). The de novo contig assembly had a total size of 584 Mb (96,738 contigs, N50 = 7.6 kb, with 0.4% of ambiguous nucleotides), representing 77.5% of the predicted genome size of 754 Mb. The P. nobilis genome is highly AT-rich, with a GC content of 35.6%. At 1%, heterozygosity was in the range of other bivalves with sequenced genomes. Over one-third (36.2%) of the genome consisted of repeated elements with a surprising larger number of short interspersed nuclear elements compared to other molluscan genomes. We were also able to reconstruct the full mitochondrial genome (c. 19 kb, with 12 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNA and 22 tRNA genes). In the context of the epizootic outbreak affecting P. nobilis, a first insight into the innate immune and stress-related genes found in the sequence is provided.","PeriodicalId":50126,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molluscan Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42177409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Manuela Carnaghi, G. Kindermann, I. Reich, Jerome Shehan, M. Gormally
{"title":"Tolerance to extreme hot and cold temperatures in the EU-protected terrestrial slug Geomalacus maculosus","authors":"Manuela Carnaghi, G. Kindermann, I. Reich, Jerome Shehan, M. Gormally","doi":"10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAB005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAB005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50126,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molluscan Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAB005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47137448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The western Atlantic Ocean is one of the areas with the largest species richness of sea slugs in the genus Elysia (30 out of the 101 species described have been reported in this region). Nevertheless, the lack of knowledge on many of these species hinders efforts to estimate regional richness and identify the factors affecting their distribution. We used the maximum entropy algorithm Maxent to develop ecological niche models for 14 species of Elysia in the western Atlantic Ocean. These models were meant to show the potential distribution of the genus and identify locations with the highest richness. Input data used to build niche models were presence records (obtained from several sources) and bioclimatic and geophysical variables from the Bio-ORACLE and MARSPEC platforms. Species with less than seven records were considered for the calculation of richness, but not for modelling. Results show low habitat suitability for the species modelled here at the mouth of rivers and in hypoxic zones and low-temperature areas. The two variables that best explained species distribution patterns were the distance to shore and the maximum monthly temperature. From the total area with adequate environmental conditions for the genus, only 20.3% is located within marine areas under some protection category.
{"title":"Where is the genus Elysia in the western Atlantic? Potential distribution, species richness and representation in marine protected areas","authors":"L. M. Jiménez, N. Simões, Carlos Yáñez-Arenas","doi":"10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAB003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAB003","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The western Atlantic Ocean is one of the areas with the largest species richness of sea slugs in the genus Elysia (30 out of the 101 species described have been reported in this region). Nevertheless, the lack of knowledge on many of these species hinders efforts to estimate regional richness and identify the factors affecting their distribution. We used the maximum entropy algorithm Maxent to develop ecological niche models for 14 species of Elysia in the western Atlantic Ocean. These models were meant to show the potential distribution of the genus and identify locations with the highest richness. Input data used to build niche models were presence records (obtained from several sources) and bioclimatic and geophysical variables from the Bio-ORACLE and MARSPEC platforms. Species with less than seven records were considered for the calculation of richness, but not for modelling. Results show low habitat suitability for the species modelled here at the mouth of rivers and in hypoxic zones and low-temperature areas. The two variables that best explained species distribution patterns were the distance to shore and the maximum monthly temperature. From the total area with adequate environmental conditions for the genus, only 20.3% is located within marine areas under some protection category.","PeriodicalId":50126,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molluscan Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAB003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46858169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The toxins present in poisonous and venomous animals have both offensive and defensive functions. The blue-lined octopus Hapalochlaena fasciata has tetrodotoxin (TTX) in various organs, including the salivary glands, muscles and skin, and TTX is assumed to be used in both offence and defence. In this study, we explore the evolution of toxicity in H. fasciata by measuring the levels and distribution of TTX in H. fasciata specimens collected in Japan and by investigating the TTX allocation within the body. TTX was detected in all 13 adults and 3 paralarvae studied. The concentration of TTX was highest in the anterior and posterior salivary glands, and the total amount of TTX was highest in the muscles and skin. Larger individuals had significantly higher amounts of TTX, but the TTX concentrations in the muscles and skin were not correlated with body weight. There were large individual differences in TTX concentration and some individuals showed extremely low TTX levels. These individual differences may be related to regional, seasonal and sexual differences, although the origin of TTX in this species is still unclear. Furthermore, we found a strong positive correlation between TTX concentrations in the posterior salivary gland and TTX concentrations in muscles and skin, with the former being c. 20 times greater than the latter. This suggests that the allocation ratio may not result from a plastic allocation, reflecting the TTX needs of each organ or the amount of available TTX, but rather may, at least partly, be evolutionarily fixed.
{"title":"Levels and distribution of tetrodotoxin in the blue-lined octopus Hapalochlaena fasciata in Japan, with special reference to within-body allocation","authors":"Y. Yamate, T. Takatani, T. Takegaki","doi":"10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAA042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAA042","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The toxins present in poisonous and venomous animals have both offensive and defensive functions. The blue-lined octopus Hapalochlaena fasciata has tetrodotoxin (TTX) in various organs, including the salivary glands, muscles and skin, and TTX is assumed to be used in both offence and defence. In this study, we explore the evolution of toxicity in H. fasciata by measuring the levels and distribution of TTX in H. fasciata specimens collected in Japan and by investigating the TTX allocation within the body. TTX was detected in all 13 adults and 3 paralarvae studied. The concentration of TTX was highest in the anterior and posterior salivary glands, and the total amount of TTX was highest in the muscles and skin. Larger individuals had significantly higher amounts of TTX, but the TTX concentrations in the muscles and skin were not correlated with body weight. There were large individual differences in TTX concentration and some individuals showed extremely low TTX levels. These individual differences may be related to regional, seasonal and sexual differences, although the origin of TTX in this species is still unclear. Furthermore, we found a strong positive correlation between TTX concentrations in the posterior salivary gland and TTX concentrations in muscles and skin, with the former being c. 20 times greater than the latter. This suggests that the allocation ratio may not result from a plastic allocation, reflecting the TTX needs of each organ or the amount of available TTX, but rather may, at least partly, be evolutionarily fixed.","PeriodicalId":50126,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molluscan Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAA042","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48624300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Spirula spirula (Coleoidea: Decabrachia) is a unique deep-sea squid with an uncertain taxonomic status. Here, we apply geometric morphometric analyses to precisely describe changes in conch morphology during the course of ontogeny of 21 specimens collected from 12 localities worldwide. These data were used to explore whether the genus is monospecific or comprises several species. Different 2D and 3D conch parameters are presented based on micro-computed tomography data, combining noninvasive imaging techniques with a range of morphometric analyses. Our data imply that Atlantic and Indo-Pacific specimens form two distinct morphological clusters, potentially representing two pseudocryptic species or two populations undergoing divergence (i.e. in the process of speciation). Given the evolutionary trend from straight to more coiled forms, we suggest that S. spirula represents a neotenous form that migrated from the Indo-Pacific towards the Atlantic via the Agulhas leakage, which has been active since the closure of the Strait of Panama (10–3 Ma).
{"title":"Is there more than one species in the genusSpirula(Cephalopoda: Decabrachia): evidence for an Atlantic–Pacific divide","authors":"R. Hoffmann, M. Weinkauf, D. Fuchs, A. Lukeneder","doi":"10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAB001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAB001","url":null,"abstract":"Spirula spirula (Coleoidea: Decabrachia) is a unique deep-sea squid with an uncertain taxonomic status. Here, we apply geometric morphometric analyses to precisely describe changes in conch morphology during the course of ontogeny of 21 specimens collected from 12 localities worldwide. These data were used to explore whether the genus is monospecific or comprises several species. Different 2D and 3D conch parameters are presented based on micro-computed tomography data, combining noninvasive imaging techniques with a range of morphometric analyses. Our data imply that Atlantic and Indo-Pacific specimens form two distinct morphological clusters, potentially representing two pseudocryptic species or two populations undergoing divergence (i.e. in the process of speciation). Given the evolutionary trend from straight to more coiled forms, we suggest that S. spirula represents a neotenous form that migrated from the Indo-Pacific towards the Atlantic via the Agulhas leakage, which has been active since the closure of the Strait of Panama (10–3 Ma).","PeriodicalId":50126,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molluscan Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAB001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48794140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. A. Rivera-Figueroa, J. Büchner-Miranda, L. P. Salas-Yanquin, J. Montory, V. Cubillos, J. Pechenik, O. Chaparro
Free-living, planktonic larvae can be vulnerable to capture and ingestion by adult suspension-feeders. This is particularly the case for larvae that settle gregariously in benthic environments where suspension-feeders occur at high densities. Larvae of gregarious suspension-feeding species are at particularly high risk, as adults of their own species often serve as cues for metamorphosis. We conducted laboratory experiments to assess the extent to which adults of the suspension-feeding caenogastropod Crepipatella peruviana would capture and ingest their own larvae. Experiments were conducted with adults of different sizes, with larvae of different ages and sizes, and in the presence or absence of phytoplankton. Adults captured larvae in all experiments. The presence of microalgae in the water did not influence the extent of larval capture. On average, 39% of larvae were captured during the 3-h feeding periods, regardless of adult size. However, up to 34% of the larvae that were captured on the gill were later discarded as pseudofaeces; the other 64% were ingested. The extent of capture by adults was not related to adult size, or to larval size and, thus, to larval age. Our results suggest that the filtration of congeneric larvae by adult C. peruviana is a result of accidental capture rather than a deliberate feeding preference. Such ingestion could, however, still be an important source of larval mortality, especially when the advanced larvae of this species are searching for a suitable substrate for metamorphosis.
{"title":"Capture of conspecific planktonic larvae by the suspension-feeding gastropod Crepipatella peruviana: association between adult and larval size","authors":"G. A. Rivera-Figueroa, J. Büchner-Miranda, L. P. Salas-Yanquin, J. Montory, V. Cubillos, J. Pechenik, O. Chaparro","doi":"10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAB002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAB002","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Free-living, planktonic larvae can be vulnerable to capture and ingestion by adult suspension-feeders. This is particularly the case for larvae that settle gregariously in benthic environments where suspension-feeders occur at high densities. Larvae of gregarious suspension-feeding species are at particularly high risk, as adults of their own species often serve as cues for metamorphosis. We conducted laboratory experiments to assess the extent to which adults of the suspension-feeding caenogastropod Crepipatella peruviana would capture and ingest their own larvae. Experiments were conducted with adults of different sizes, with larvae of different ages and sizes, and in the presence or absence of phytoplankton. Adults captured larvae in all experiments. The presence of microalgae in the water did not influence the extent of larval capture. On average, 39% of larvae were captured during the 3-h feeding periods, regardless of adult size. However, up to 34% of the larvae that were captured on the gill were later discarded as pseudofaeces; the other 64% were ingested. The extent of capture by adults was not related to adult size, or to larval size and, thus, to larval age. Our results suggest that the filtration of congeneric larvae by adult C. peruviana is a result of accidental capture rather than a deliberate feeding preference. Such ingestion could, however, still be an important source of larval mortality, especially when the advanced larvae of this species are searching for a suitable substrate for metamorphosis.","PeriodicalId":50126,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molluscan Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAB002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61067200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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