D. Barbato, A. Benocci, Mirko Guasconi, G. Manganelli
{"title":"Light and shade of citizen science for less charismatic invertebrate groups: quality assessment of iNaturalist nonmarine mollusc observations in central Italy","authors":"D. Barbato, A. Benocci, Mirko Guasconi, G. Manganelli","doi":"10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAB033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAB033","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50126,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molluscan Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44036884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Charitos Zapitis, Maren Huck, Aradhana Mehra, Mark T Bulling, Andrew Ramsey
Using time-lapse photography in a laboratory setting, we exposed Anodonta anatina and Unio pictorum for 4 h to algal (Chlorella vulgaris) concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 20.0 mg ash-free dry mass l−1 and to three different temperatures (11 ± 1, 15 ± 1 and 19 ± 1 °C). We analysed the proportion of mussels in locomotion, duration of locomotory activities, posterior tip movement and valve opening behaviour. The proportion of mussels in locomotion was significantly higher for A. anatina and for A. anatina was significantly lower at 11 °C. For both species, the proportion of mussels in locomotion, the duration of locomotion and movement of the posterior tip decreased with increasing algal concentration. The locomotory duration was significantly shorter in U. pictorum. In both species, valve opening peaked at intermediate algal concentrations, with the deviation from the peak being more prominent in A. anatina. Finally, we recorded a contrasting locomotory strategy for the two species (A. anatina crawled on the sediment surface, whereas U. pictorum moved through the sediment) and identified potential density dependence in behavioural adaptation.
{"title":"Behavioural responses of Anodonta anatina and Unio pictorum to temperature and algal concentration","authors":"Charitos Zapitis, Maren Huck, Aradhana Mehra, Mark T Bulling, Andrew Ramsey","doi":"10.1093/mollus/eyab036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/eyab036","url":null,"abstract":"Using time-lapse photography in a laboratory setting, we exposed Anodonta anatina and Unio pictorum for 4 h to algal (Chlorella vulgaris) concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 20.0 mg ash-free dry mass l−1 and to three different temperatures (11 ± 1, 15 ± 1 and 19 ± 1 °C). We analysed the proportion of mussels in locomotion, duration of locomotory activities, posterior tip movement and valve opening behaviour. The proportion of mussels in locomotion was significantly higher for A. anatina and for A. anatina was significantly lower at 11 °C. For both species, the proportion of mussels in locomotion, the duration of locomotion and movement of the posterior tip decreased with increasing algal concentration. The locomotory duration was significantly shorter in U. pictorum. In both species, valve opening peaked at intermediate algal concentrations, with the deviation from the peak being more prominent in A. anatina. Finally, we recorded a contrasting locomotory strategy for the two species (A. anatina crawled on the sediment surface, whereas U. pictorum moved through the sediment) and identified potential density dependence in behavioural adaptation.","PeriodicalId":50126,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molluscan Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138528824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sam King Fung Yiu, Sheena Suet-Wah Chung, Jian-Wen Qiu
Phestilla melanobrachia is a coral-eating nudibranch widely distributed in the tropical Pacific. Previous studies have revealed only two colour morphs of P. melanobrachia, an orange form preying on various orange Dendrophyllia and Tubastraea spp. and a dark green form preying on the black Tubastraea micrantha and Tubastraea diaphana. Both colour morphs live in relatively deep waters (15–25 m) of exposed shores. We conducted morphological and molecular analysis, which revealed a beige colour morph of P. melanobrachia that feeds on the hermatypic scleractinian coral Turbinaria peltata in shallow waters (<10 m). The three genera of corals all belong to the family Dendrophylliidae, but Dendrophyllia and Tubastraea are azooxanthellates whereas Turbinaria is zooxanthellate. Consistent with their diet, the beige colour morph has a high abundance of dinoflagellate cells in the ceratal tips, whereas the other two colour morphs contain only few or no dinoflagellate cells in their cerata. Our finding of this new colour morph extends the knowledge about the diet, ecological niche and potential ecological impact of this species of corallivorous nudibranch.
{"title":"New observations on the corallivorous nudibranch Phestilla melanobrachia: morphology, dietary spectrum and early development","authors":"Sam King Fung Yiu, Sheena Suet-Wah Chung, Jian-Wen Qiu","doi":"10.1093/mollus/eyab034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/eyab034","url":null,"abstract":"Phestilla melanobrachia is a coral-eating nudibranch widely distributed in the tropical Pacific. Previous studies have revealed only two colour morphs of P. melanobrachia, an orange form preying on various orange Dendrophyllia and Tubastraea spp. and a dark green form preying on the black Tubastraea micrantha and Tubastraea diaphana. Both colour morphs live in relatively deep waters (15–25 m) of exposed shores. We conducted morphological and molecular analysis, which revealed a beige colour morph of P. melanobrachia that feeds on the hermatypic scleractinian coral Turbinaria peltata in shallow waters (&lt;10 m). The three genera of corals all belong to the family Dendrophylliidae, but Dendrophyllia and Tubastraea are azooxanthellates whereas Turbinaria is zooxanthellate. Consistent with their diet, the beige colour morph has a high abundance of dinoflagellate cells in the ceratal tips, whereas the other two colour morphs contain only few or no dinoflagellate cells in their cerata. Our finding of this new colour morph extends the knowledge about the diet, ecological niche and potential ecological impact of this species of corallivorous nudibranch.","PeriodicalId":50126,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molluscan Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138528827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Martín Serrano-Tadeo, J. R. Flores-Ortega, E. Godínez-Domínguez, J. Granados-Amores, O. I. Zavala-Leal, Andrés Granados-Amores
The diet of the Hubb's octopus Octopus hubbsorum along the coast of Acapulco, Guerrero, Mexico, was determined by analysing the stomach contents of 413 individuals collected monthly between February 2017 and March 2018. Most stomachs (74.3%) presented contents, while 25.7% were empty. Sixty prey items were identified and grouped into 16 categories. The most frequent prey items were Petrolisthes sanfelipensis, Clastotoechus diffractus, Petrolisthes hians and Alpheus spp. Smith's index indicated that O. hubbsorum follows a generalist diet for each hydroclimatic season, sex and size class (1: juvenile; 2: young adult; 3: mature adult). Cannibalism was frequent among males, less so among females. Pianka's index revealed a higher overlap among the three size classes of both sexes during the dry season, while during the rainy season the overlap was reduced for size classes 2 and 3 in both sexes. The average isotopic values overall were δ13C −14.96‰ (±0.08) and δ15N 13.02‰ (±0.09). A significant difference (P = 0.005) was observed in δ13C among hydroclimatic seasons (rainy and dry) and size classes, while for δ15N a significant difference (P = 0.013) was observed between seasons. Stomach content analysis gave values of the trophic position of O. hubbsorum ranging from 3.57 to 3.72, whereas the values obtained using stable isotope analysis, using δ15N, ranged from 3.52 to 3.86. Variation was observed in isotopic niche size and Layman's metrics among hydroclimatic seasons. A higher isotopic niche overlap was observed between size classes 2 and 3 during the dry season. The rocky shore ecosystem has been heavily exploited by artisanal fisheries (fish and invertebrates). A more integrated, ecosystem-based management of these fisheries requires an understanding of their trophic structure.
{"title":"Trophic ecology of the Hubb's octopus Octopus hubbsorum (Cephalopoda: Octopodidae) in the central Mexican Pacific","authors":"Martín Serrano-Tadeo, J. R. Flores-Ortega, E. Godínez-Domínguez, J. Granados-Amores, O. I. Zavala-Leal, Andrés Granados-Amores","doi":"10.1093/mollus/eyab023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/eyab023","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The diet of the Hubb's octopus Octopus hubbsorum along the coast of Acapulco, Guerrero, Mexico, was determined by analysing the stomach contents of 413 individuals collected monthly between February 2017 and March 2018. Most stomachs (74.3%) presented contents, while 25.7% were empty. Sixty prey items were identified and grouped into 16 categories. The most frequent prey items were Petrolisthes sanfelipensis, Clastotoechus diffractus, Petrolisthes hians and Alpheus spp. Smith's index indicated that O. hubbsorum follows a generalist diet for each hydroclimatic season, sex and size class (1: juvenile; 2: young adult; 3: mature adult). Cannibalism was frequent among males, less so among females. Pianka's index revealed a higher overlap among the three size classes of both sexes during the dry season, while during the rainy season the overlap was reduced for size classes 2 and 3 in both sexes. The average isotopic values overall were δ13C −14.96‰ (±0.08) and δ15N 13.02‰ (±0.09). A significant difference (P = 0.005) was observed in δ13C among hydroclimatic seasons (rainy and dry) and size classes, while for δ15N a significant difference (P = 0.013) was observed between seasons. Stomach content analysis gave values of the trophic position of O. hubbsorum ranging from 3.57 to 3.72, whereas the values obtained using stable isotope analysis, using δ15N, ranged from 3.52 to 3.86. Variation was observed in isotopic niche size and Layman's metrics among hydroclimatic seasons. A higher isotopic niche overlap was observed between size classes 2 and 3 during the dry season. The rocky shore ecosystem has been heavily exploited by artisanal fisheries (fish and invertebrates). A more integrated, ecosystem-based management of these fisheries requires an understanding of their trophic structure.","PeriodicalId":50126,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molluscan Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47785875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The quagga mussel Dreissena rostriformis bugensis is a highly invasive species. It plays an important role in benthic communities, influencing their structure and functioning. Two morphs of this mussel have been described: a shallow-water (i.e. the typical) morph and a deep-water morph, profunda. Currently, profunda has been found in several water bodies only within the nonnative range of D. r. bugensis. In North America, the profunda morph is widespread and abundant in the Laurentian Great Lakes. In Europe, profunda was found for the first time in 2009 in the Cheboksary Reservoir, which is located on the central part of the Volga River. A 2016 search for profunda in the four deepest Volga reservoirs (Cheboksary, Kuybyshev, Saratov and Volgograd) failed to find this morph even at the site where it was found in 2009. Traditional and outline-based morphometric analyses showed that only the shallow-water morph individuals inhabited studied sites at depths of 25–33 m. The present study revealed that morphological differences between the typical and profunda morphs from both the European and North American ranges were accompanied by limited genetic differences. Microsatellite analysis showed only minor differences in allele frequencies between morphs sampled in 2019 from the Cheboksary Reservoir; these differences were not significant after correction for null alleles. High phenotypic and ecological plasticity of D. r. bugensis may facilitate its invasion success.
{"title":"Limited occurrence of the profunda morph of the quagga mussels (Dreissena rostriformis bugensis) in the Volga River reservoirs of Russia and limited genetic differences between morphs in Russia and North America","authors":"V. Pavlova, V. V. Stolbunova, A. Elgin","doi":"10.1093/mollus/eyab024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/eyab024","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The quagga mussel Dreissena rostriformis bugensis is a highly invasive species. It plays an important role in benthic communities, influencing their structure and functioning. Two morphs of this mussel have been described: a shallow-water (i.e. the typical) morph and a deep-water morph, profunda. Currently, profunda has been found in several water bodies only within the nonnative range of D. r. bugensis. In North America, the profunda morph is widespread and abundant in the Laurentian Great Lakes. In Europe, profunda was found for the first time in 2009 in the Cheboksary Reservoir, which is located on the central part of the Volga River. A 2016 search for profunda in the four deepest Volga reservoirs (Cheboksary, Kuybyshev, Saratov and Volgograd) failed to find this morph even at the site where it was found in 2009. Traditional and outline-based morphometric analyses showed that only the shallow-water morph individuals inhabited studied sites at depths of 25–33 m. The present study revealed that morphological differences between the typical and profunda morphs from both the European and North American ranges were accompanied by limited genetic differences. Microsatellite analysis showed only minor differences in allele frequencies between morphs sampled in 2019 from the Cheboksary Reservoir; these differences were not significant after correction for null alleles. High phenotypic and ecological plasticity of D. r. bugensis may facilitate its invasion success.","PeriodicalId":50126,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molluscan Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44832801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hsiu-Ping Liu, Lori Schroeder, A. Berry, R. Dillon
Populations of the minute emmericiid gastropod Fontigens inhabit isolated springs, caves and groundwaters widely scattered across eastern and midwestern USA. Nine species are currently recognized, with a tenth species, Fontigens cryptica, of uncertain status. Here, we survey intrapopulation, interpopulation and interspecific sequence variation of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I among six of the nine species (13 populations, 87 individuals), documenting up to 14.4% sequence divergence among conspecific populations. Interspecific divergence ranges from 8.7% to 21.9%. We also include in our analysis a single putative individual of F. cryptica, recently sampled from Kentucky, evaluating whether the population it represents may be genetically distinct. Fit within a larger phylogenetic context, the 14.4% sequence divergence demonstrated between this individual and its nearest neighbour, F. bottimeri sampled from Washington, DC, supports the specific status of F. cryptica.
{"title":"High levels of mitochondrial DNA sequence divergence among isolated populations of Fontigens (Truncatelloidea: Emmericiidae) in eastern USA","authors":"Hsiu-Ping Liu, Lori Schroeder, A. Berry, R. Dillon","doi":"10.1093/mollus/eyab026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/eyab026","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Populations of the minute emmericiid gastropod Fontigens inhabit isolated springs, caves and groundwaters widely scattered across eastern and midwestern USA. Nine species are currently recognized, with a tenth species, Fontigens cryptica, of uncertain status. Here, we survey intrapopulation, interpopulation and interspecific sequence variation of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I among six of the nine species (13 populations, 87 individuals), documenting up to 14.4% sequence divergence among conspecific populations. Interspecific divergence ranges from 8.7% to 21.9%. We also include in our analysis a single putative individual of F. cryptica, recently sampled from Kentucky, evaluating whether the population it represents may be genetically distinct. Fit within a larger phylogenetic context, the 14.4% sequence divergence demonstrated between this individual and its nearest neighbour, F. bottimeri sampled from Washington, DC, supports the specific status of F. cryptica.","PeriodicalId":50126,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molluscan Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43679135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Frankenbach, Quirin Luppa, J. Serôdio, Carola Greve, S. Bleidißel, Jenny Melo Clavijo, E. Laetz, A. Preisfeld, G. Christa
{"title":"Kleptoplasts are continuously digested during feeding in the plastid-bearing sea slug Elysia viridis","authors":"S. Frankenbach, Quirin Luppa, J. Serôdio, Carola Greve, S. Bleidißel, Jenny Melo Clavijo, E. Laetz, A. Preisfeld, G. Christa","doi":"10.1093/mollus/eyab022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/eyab022","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50126,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molluscan Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45960637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-13eCollection Date: 2021-09-01DOI: 10.1093/mollus/eyab020
Philip Lavretsky, Esmeralda Duenez, Jeffrey Sorensen
Establishing baseline geographical distributions of extant genetic diversity is increasingly important for future conservation efforts of freshwater species. We analyse the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene to taxonomically characterize 233 samples from recently discovered springsnail populations throughout 17 sites in Arizona, USA. A total of 28 unique COI haplotypes were recovered, with the number of haplotypes ranging from 1 to 4 by population in Arizona. Phylogenetic analyses resulted in haplotypes from 13 of 17 locations in Arizona being successfully identified to species, with five described and three undescribed species in the genus Pyrgulopsis (Hydrobiidae). Future work will require in-depth morphological work to clarify the taxonomic status of these putatively novel species. Importantly, among recovered species, we identified haplotype diversity of the critically endangered Three Forks springsnail, Pyrgulopsis trivialis, in the eastern Gila watershed, which will inform wildlife managers in deciding which source populations to use in reintroduction efforts. We discuss possible causes for observed population structure of Arizona's springsnail populations, with suggestions for the future sampling schemes necessary for the conservation of this uniquely important freshwater mollusc.
{"title":"Population genetics and conservation of recently discovered springsnails in Arizona.","authors":"Philip Lavretsky, Esmeralda Duenez, Jeffrey Sorensen","doi":"10.1093/mollus/eyab020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/eyab020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Establishing baseline geographical distributions of extant genetic diversity is increasingly important for future conservation efforts of freshwater species. We analyse the mitochondrial cytochrome <i>c</i> oxidase subunit I (COI) gene to taxonomically characterize 233 samples from recently discovered springsnail populations throughout 17 sites in Arizona, USA. A total of 28 unique COI haplotypes were recovered, with the number of haplotypes ranging from 1 to 4 by population in Arizona. Phylogenetic analyses resulted in haplotypes from 13 of 17 locations in Arizona being successfully identified to species, with five described and three undescribed species in the genus <i>Pyrgulopsis</i> (Hydrobiidae). Future work will require in-depth morphological work to clarify the taxonomic status of these putatively novel species. Importantly, among recovered species, we identified haplotype diversity of the critically endangered Three Forks springsnail, <i>Pyrgulopsis trivialis</i>, in the eastern Gila watershed, which will inform wildlife managers in deciding which source populations to use in reintroduction efforts. We discuss possible causes for observed population structure of Arizona's springsnail populations, with suggestions for the future sampling schemes necessary for the conservation of this uniquely important freshwater mollusc.</p>","PeriodicalId":50126,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molluscan Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8275448/pdf/eyab020.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39195418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bin Ye, T. Hirano, Takumi Saito, Zheng Dong, V. Do, S. Chiba
The taxonomy of species in the caenogastropod genus Sinotaia (Viviparidae: Bellamyinae) has been a complex and controversial issue since the 19th century. Sinotaia quadrata, the type species of Sinotaia, comprises many named forms and transitions between them, and the taxonomic validity of some species similar to S. quadrata also requires clarification. To clarify relationships in this common and significant member of the freshwater benthos, we reconstructed a phylogeny for species related to S. quadrata based on the 16S rRNA and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I genes to test which classifications are robust using modern data and interpretation. We also compared the shell outline morphology of type material of most species in the genus Sinotaia from the original literature. The combination of phylogenetic and shape variance data suggests that seven currently recognized species of Sinotaia should be synonymized with S. quadrata. We used microsatellite markers and landmark-based geometric morphometric analysis to examine the genetic differentiation and shell shape variation of S. quadrata populations in both China and Japan. Genetic and shape variations were not congruent, suggesting that minor variations in shell shape do not indicate distinct Sinotaia species. Shell shape variation shows no clear separations and shows environmental plasticity. Using data on molecular phylogenetics, genetic diversity and shell morphology, we provide a more inclusive species concept for S. quadrata. This provides a basis to formally revise this taxon and the seven closely related nominal species that are widely distributed in China and East Asia.
{"title":"Molecular and morphological evidence for a unified, inclusive Sinotaia quadrata (Caenogastropoda: Viviparidae: Bellamyinae)","authors":"Bin Ye, T. Hirano, Takumi Saito, Zheng Dong, V. Do, S. Chiba","doi":"10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAB013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAB013","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The taxonomy of species in the caenogastropod genus Sinotaia (Viviparidae: Bellamyinae) has been a complex and controversial issue since the 19th century. Sinotaia quadrata, the type species of Sinotaia, comprises many named forms and transitions between them, and the taxonomic validity of some species similar to S. quadrata also requires clarification. To clarify relationships in this common and significant member of the freshwater benthos, we reconstructed a phylogeny for species related to S. quadrata based on the 16S rRNA and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I genes to test which classifications are robust using modern data and interpretation. We also compared the shell outline morphology of type material of most species in the genus Sinotaia from the original literature. The combination of phylogenetic and shape variance data suggests that seven currently recognized species of Sinotaia should be synonymized with S. quadrata. We used microsatellite markers and landmark-based geometric morphometric analysis to examine the genetic differentiation and shell shape variation of S. quadrata populations in both China and Japan. Genetic and shape variations were not congruent, suggesting that minor variations in shell shape do not indicate distinct Sinotaia species. Shell shape variation shows no clear separations and shows environmental plasticity. Using data on molecular phylogenetics, genetic diversity and shell morphology, we provide a more inclusive species concept for S. quadrata. This provides a basis to formally revise this taxon and the seven closely related nominal species that are widely distributed in China and East Asia.","PeriodicalId":50126,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molluscan Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42943480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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