Pub Date : 2021-07-14eCollection Date: 2021-08-01DOI: 10.36401/JIPO-21-3
Eli M Soyfer, Angela G Fleischman
Myeloid malignancies, stemming from a somatically mutated hematopoietic clone, can cause a wide variety of clinical consequences, including pancytopenia in myelodysplastic syndrome, overproduction of three myeloid lineages in myeloproliferative neoplasm, and the rapid growth of immature hematopoietic cells in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). It is becoming clear that inflammation is a hallmark feature of clonal myeloid conditions, ranging from clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential to AML. Fundamental findings from laboratory research on inflammation in myeloid malignancies has potential implications for diagnosis, prognostication, and treatment in these diseases. In this review, we highlighted some pertinent basic science findings regarding the role of inflammation in myeloid malignancies and speculated how these findings could impact the clinical care of patients.
{"title":"Inflammation in Myeloid Malignancies: From Bench to Bedside.","authors":"Eli M Soyfer, Angela G Fleischman","doi":"10.36401/JIPO-21-3","DOIUrl":"10.36401/JIPO-21-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Myeloid malignancies, stemming from a somatically mutated hematopoietic clone, can cause a wide variety of clinical consequences, including pancytopenia in myelodysplastic syndrome, overproduction of three myeloid lineages in myeloproliferative neoplasm, and the rapid growth of immature hematopoietic cells in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). It is becoming clear that inflammation is a hallmark feature of clonal myeloid conditions, ranging from clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential to AML. Fundamental findings from laboratory research on inflammation in myeloid malignancies has potential implications for diagnosis, prognostication, and treatment in these diseases. In this review, we highlighted some pertinent basic science findings regarding the role of inflammation in myeloid malignancies and speculated how these findings could impact the clinical care of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":50126,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molluscan Studies","volume":"78 1","pages":"160-167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9138438/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83116348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-13eCollection Date: 2021-09-01DOI: 10.1093/mollus/eyab020
Philip Lavretsky, Esmeralda Duenez, Jeffrey Sorensen
Establishing baseline geographical distributions of extant genetic diversity is increasingly important for future conservation efforts of freshwater species. We analyse the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene to taxonomically characterize 233 samples from recently discovered springsnail populations throughout 17 sites in Arizona, USA. A total of 28 unique COI haplotypes were recovered, with the number of haplotypes ranging from 1 to 4 by population in Arizona. Phylogenetic analyses resulted in haplotypes from 13 of 17 locations in Arizona being successfully identified to species, with five described and three undescribed species in the genus Pyrgulopsis (Hydrobiidae). Future work will require in-depth morphological work to clarify the taxonomic status of these putatively novel species. Importantly, among recovered species, we identified haplotype diversity of the critically endangered Three Forks springsnail, Pyrgulopsis trivialis, in the eastern Gila watershed, which will inform wildlife managers in deciding which source populations to use in reintroduction efforts. We discuss possible causes for observed population structure of Arizona's springsnail populations, with suggestions for the future sampling schemes necessary for the conservation of this uniquely important freshwater mollusc.
{"title":"Population genetics and conservation of recently discovered springsnails in Arizona.","authors":"Philip Lavretsky, Esmeralda Duenez, Jeffrey Sorensen","doi":"10.1093/mollus/eyab020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/eyab020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Establishing baseline geographical distributions of extant genetic diversity is increasingly important for future conservation efforts of freshwater species. We analyse the mitochondrial cytochrome <i>c</i> oxidase subunit I (COI) gene to taxonomically characterize 233 samples from recently discovered springsnail populations throughout 17 sites in Arizona, USA. A total of 28 unique COI haplotypes were recovered, with the number of haplotypes ranging from 1 to 4 by population in Arizona. Phylogenetic analyses resulted in haplotypes from 13 of 17 locations in Arizona being successfully identified to species, with five described and three undescribed species in the genus <i>Pyrgulopsis</i> (Hydrobiidae). Future work will require in-depth morphological work to clarify the taxonomic status of these putatively novel species. Importantly, among recovered species, we identified haplotype diversity of the critically endangered Three Forks springsnail, <i>Pyrgulopsis trivialis</i>, in the eastern Gila watershed, which will inform wildlife managers in deciding which source populations to use in reintroduction efforts. We discuss possible causes for observed population structure of Arizona's springsnail populations, with suggestions for the future sampling schemes necessary for the conservation of this uniquely important freshwater mollusc.</p>","PeriodicalId":50126,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molluscan Studies","volume":"87 3","pages":"eyab020"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8275448/pdf/eyab020.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39195418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bin Ye, T. Hirano, Takumi Saito, Zheng Dong, V. Do, S. Chiba
The taxonomy of species in the caenogastropod genus Sinotaia (Viviparidae: Bellamyinae) has been a complex and controversial issue since the 19th century. Sinotaia quadrata, the type species of Sinotaia, comprises many named forms and transitions between them, and the taxonomic validity of some species similar to S. quadrata also requires clarification. To clarify relationships in this common and significant member of the freshwater benthos, we reconstructed a phylogeny for species related to S. quadrata based on the 16S rRNA and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I genes to test which classifications are robust using modern data and interpretation. We also compared the shell outline morphology of type material of most species in the genus Sinotaia from the original literature. The combination of phylogenetic and shape variance data suggests that seven currently recognized species of Sinotaia should be synonymized with S. quadrata. We used microsatellite markers and landmark-based geometric morphometric analysis to examine the genetic differentiation and shell shape variation of S. quadrata populations in both China and Japan. Genetic and shape variations were not congruent, suggesting that minor variations in shell shape do not indicate distinct Sinotaia species. Shell shape variation shows no clear separations and shows environmental plasticity. Using data on molecular phylogenetics, genetic diversity and shell morphology, we provide a more inclusive species concept for S. quadrata. This provides a basis to formally revise this taxon and the seven closely related nominal species that are widely distributed in China and East Asia.
{"title":"Molecular and morphological evidence for a unified, inclusive Sinotaia quadrata (Caenogastropoda: Viviparidae: Bellamyinae)","authors":"Bin Ye, T. Hirano, Takumi Saito, Zheng Dong, V. Do, S. Chiba","doi":"10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAB013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAB013","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The taxonomy of species in the caenogastropod genus Sinotaia (Viviparidae: Bellamyinae) has been a complex and controversial issue since the 19th century. Sinotaia quadrata, the type species of Sinotaia, comprises many named forms and transitions between them, and the taxonomic validity of some species similar to S. quadrata also requires clarification. To clarify relationships in this common and significant member of the freshwater benthos, we reconstructed a phylogeny for species related to S. quadrata based on the 16S rRNA and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I genes to test which classifications are robust using modern data and interpretation. We also compared the shell outline morphology of type material of most species in the genus Sinotaia from the original literature. The combination of phylogenetic and shape variance data suggests that seven currently recognized species of Sinotaia should be synonymized with S. quadrata. We used microsatellite markers and landmark-based geometric morphometric analysis to examine the genetic differentiation and shell shape variation of S. quadrata populations in both China and Japan. Genetic and shape variations were not congruent, suggesting that minor variations in shell shape do not indicate distinct Sinotaia species. Shell shape variation shows no clear separations and shows environmental plasticity. Using data on molecular phylogenetics, genetic diversity and shell morphology, we provide a more inclusive species concept for S. quadrata. This provides a basis to formally revise this taxon and the seven closely related nominal species that are widely distributed in China and East Asia.","PeriodicalId":50126,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molluscan Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42943480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The pulmonate freshwater snail Promenetus exacuous (Planorbidae) has a widespread patchy distribution throughout much of North America, including New York State and the surrounding areas. Minimal life history information exists for the species in this region and information on its genetic diversity and structure is currently lacking for any portion of its range. We examined the species’ reproductive behaviour, genetic diversity and population structure throughout New York and western Connecticut using cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) haplotypes (241 snails) and 10 microsatellite loci (312 snails). Throughout the region, P. exacuous is a single, primarily outcrossing species with relatively high within-population genetic diversity. Populations are genetically differentiated and composed of divergent COI lineages. The region was colonized after the Wisconsin glacial retreat by snails from multiple, historically isolated populations and Pleistocene events played a major role in the historical diversification of lineages. Subsequent dispersal has likely been facilitated by birds and humans, but contemporary gene flow is low, resulting in genetic differentiation even among geographically proximate sites. Our data reveal that complex interactions between historical and contemporary processes contribute to the overall patterns of genetic diversity in freshwater snails.
{"title":"Fine-scale genetic structure of the freshwater snail Promenetus exacuous in the New York State region: the influences of historical colonization, habitat connectivity and dispersal ability","authors":"D. Keeney, P. Yurco","doi":"10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAB014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAB014","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The pulmonate freshwater snail Promenetus exacuous (Planorbidae) has a widespread patchy distribution throughout much of North America, including New York State and the surrounding areas. Minimal life history information exists for the species in this region and information on its genetic diversity and structure is currently lacking for any portion of its range. We examined the species’ reproductive behaviour, genetic diversity and population structure throughout New York and western Connecticut using cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) haplotypes (241 snails) and 10 microsatellite loci (312 snails). Throughout the region, P. exacuous is a single, primarily outcrossing species with relatively high within-population genetic diversity. Populations are genetically differentiated and composed of divergent COI lineages. The region was colonized after the Wisconsin glacial retreat by snails from multiple, historically isolated populations and Pleistocene events played a major role in the historical diversification of lineages. Subsequent dispersal has likely been facilitated by birds and humans, but contemporary gene flow is low, resulting in genetic differentiation even among geographically proximate sites. Our data reveal that complex interactions between historical and contemporary processes contribute to the overall patterns of genetic diversity in freshwater snails.","PeriodicalId":50126,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molluscan Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44217149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The whelk Neptunea arthritica (Buccinidae) is a common fishery species in Hokkaido, northern Japan. Although ecological information is needed for fisheries management, there is only one paper examining the foraging ecology of this species and it reported that N. arthritica preyed mainly on the invasive mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. To date, no studies have examined utilization of native prey species by this whelk. Here, we report the findings of a study on the native prey utilization by N. arthritica in an area where M. galloprovincialis is not present. We conducted line transect sampling every month from May 2018 to May 2019 on the western coast of Hakodate Bay, southwestern Hokkaido, Japan. Prey items were composed mostly of gastropods (72%), followed by bivalves (24%) and only a small amount of carrion (<4%). Overlapping spatial distributions were observed among size classes of N. arthritica, while the prey utilization varied with body size. Small individuals (<30 mm in shell height) preyed mainly on the small colloniid gastropod Homalopoma sangarense, while larger individuals (>40 mm) preyed mainly on two tegulid gastropods (Chlorostoma lischkei and Omphalius rusticus) and two venerid bivalves (Protothaca euglypta and Ruditapes philippinarum). There were positive size relationships between whelk body size and prey size for prey categories (Vetigastropoda, Caenogastropoda and Bivalvia) and even for the same prey species (H. sangarense, O. rusticus and P. euglypta). These results suggest that N. arthritica is a predator of mobile gastropods, especially during its early life stage, in areas without the invasive Mediterranean mussel. It is possible that the foraging strategy of N. arthritica may differ quite markedly between areas with and without the invasive mussel.
{"title":"Prey utilization by Neptunea arthritica (Caenogastropoda: Buccinidae): predation on gastropods and size-related variation","authors":"Ryusei Yamakami, S. Wada","doi":"10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAB016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAB016","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The whelk Neptunea arthritica (Buccinidae) is a common fishery species in Hokkaido, northern Japan. Although ecological information is needed for fisheries management, there is only one paper examining the foraging ecology of this species and it reported that N. arthritica preyed mainly on the invasive mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. To date, no studies have examined utilization of native prey species by this whelk. Here, we report the findings of a study on the native prey utilization by N. arthritica in an area where M. galloprovincialis is not present. We conducted line transect sampling every month from May 2018 to May 2019 on the western coast of Hakodate Bay, southwestern Hokkaido, Japan. Prey items were composed mostly of gastropods (72%), followed by bivalves (24%) and only a small amount of carrion (<4%). Overlapping spatial distributions were observed among size classes of N. arthritica, while the prey utilization varied with body size. Small individuals (<30 mm in shell height) preyed mainly on the small colloniid gastropod Homalopoma sangarense, while larger individuals (>40 mm) preyed mainly on two tegulid gastropods (Chlorostoma lischkei and Omphalius rusticus) and two venerid bivalves (Protothaca euglypta and Ruditapes philippinarum). There were positive size relationships between whelk body size and prey size for prey categories (Vetigastropoda, Caenogastropoda and Bivalvia) and even for the same prey species (H. sangarense, O. rusticus and P. euglypta). These results suggest that N. arthritica is a predator of mobile gastropods, especially during its early life stage, in areas without the invasive Mediterranean mussel. It is possible that the foraging strategy of N. arthritica may differ quite markedly between areas with and without the invasive mussel.","PeriodicalId":50126,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molluscan Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAB016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45136822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alpine Arianta populations from the Biellese Alps in Italy are characterized by imperforate, thin-shelled, dark brown shells without or with sparse light spots that resemble widespread phenotypes of Arianta arbustorum arbustorum found in calcium-deficient areas. Therefore, they were not considered a distinct taxon. However, molecular phylogenetic analyses show that they belong to a group of subspecies of A. arbustorum from the Western Alps and the Pyrenees. We classify them as a distinct subspecies, Arianta a. doriae (Paulucci, 1878), which reduces the geographical gap between the western group of subspecies of A. arbustorum and the Eastern Alps where Arianta originated. This subspecies survived the glacials in a peripheral mountain refuge at the southern margin of the Biellese Alps.
来自意大利Biellese阿尔卑斯山脉的高山Arianta种群的特征是无孔，薄壳，深棕色外壳，没有或有稀疏的亮点，类似于在缺钙地区发现的Arianta arbustorum arbustorum的广泛表型。因此，它们不被认为是一个独特的分类单元。然而，分子系统发育分析表明它们属于来自西阿尔卑斯山和比利牛斯山脉的a . arbustorum亚种群。我们将它们归类为一个独特的亚种，即Arianta a. doriae (Paulucci, 1878)，这减少了arbustorum西部亚种群与Arianta起源的东阿尔卑斯山之间的地理差距。这个亚种在比耶利斯阿尔卑斯山脉南缘的外围山区避难所的冰河时期幸存下来。
{"title":"A forgotten subspecies of the land snail species Arianta arbustorum from a Pleistocene refuge in the Western Alps","authors":"B. Hausdorf, F. Walther","doi":"10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAB017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAB017","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Alpine Arianta populations from the Biellese Alps in Italy are characterized by imperforate, thin-shelled, dark brown shells without or with sparse light spots that resemble widespread phenotypes of Arianta arbustorum arbustorum found in calcium-deficient areas. Therefore, they were not considered a distinct taxon. However, molecular phylogenetic analyses show that they belong to a group of subspecies of A. arbustorum from the Western Alps and the Pyrenees. We classify them as a distinct subspecies, Arianta a. doriae (Paulucci, 1878), which reduces the geographical gap between the western group of subspecies of A. arbustorum and the Eastern Alps where Arianta originated. This subspecies survived the glacials in a peripheral mountain refuge at the southern margin of the Biellese Alps.","PeriodicalId":50126,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molluscan Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46369853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dipanjana Dhar, D. Dey, Soumalee Basu, H. Fortunato
The intertidal zone is one of the most stressful environments, with extreme shifts in temperature, salinity, pH and oxygen concentration. Marine molluscs, particularly chitons that belong to the category of ecologically significant organisms, survive in this extreme environment, and are ideal systems for studying stress adaptation. Mitochondria are known to be critical for energy homeostasis, and changes in environmental factors result in their dysfunction and consequent injury to the organism. Intertidal organisms are exception in this respect because they are capable of maintaining mitochondrial integrity. Here, we used mitochondrial genetic components from seven chitons of the intertidal zone to infer phylogenetic relationships. Selection analyses on individual protein-coding genes (PCGs) were performed to identify and map potentially adaptive residues in the modelled structures of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes. The results showed significant amino acid changes in sites under diversifying selection for all the PCGs, indicating that the mitochondrial genome in chitons is undergoing adaptive evolution. Such sites were observed in the proton pump as well as in the translocation channel of the transmembrane helices and the surrounding loop regions, thus implying functional modification of the mitochondrial proteins essential for survival in the dynamic environment of the intertidal zone.
{"title":"Insight into the adaptive evolution of mitochondrial genomes in intertidal chitons","authors":"Dipanjana Dhar, D. Dey, Soumalee Basu, H. Fortunato","doi":"10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAB018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAB018","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The intertidal zone is one of the most stressful environments, with extreme shifts in temperature, salinity, pH and oxygen concentration. Marine molluscs, particularly chitons that belong to the category of ecologically significant organisms, survive in this extreme environment, and are ideal systems for studying stress adaptation. Mitochondria are known to be critical for energy homeostasis, and changes in environmental factors result in their dysfunction and consequent injury to the organism. Intertidal organisms are exception in this respect because they are capable of maintaining mitochondrial integrity. Here, we used mitochondrial genetic components from seven chitons of the intertidal zone to infer phylogenetic relationships. Selection analyses on individual protein-coding genes (PCGs) were performed to identify and map potentially adaptive residues in the modelled structures of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes. The results showed significant amino acid changes in sites under diversifying selection for all the PCGs, indicating that the mitochondrial genome in chitons is undergoing adaptive evolution. Such sites were observed in the proton pump as well as in the translocation channel of the transmembrane helices and the surrounding loop regions, thus implying functional modification of the mitochondrial proteins essential for survival in the dynamic environment of the intertidal zone.","PeriodicalId":50126,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molluscan Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAB018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48231820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Moles, T. J. Cunha, S. Lemer, David J. Combosch, Gonzalo Giribet
The phylogenetic relationships within the molluscan class Polyplacophora (chitons) have been studied using morphology, traditional Sanger markers and mitogenomics, but, to date, no analysis has been carried out using transcriptomic and genome-wide data. Here, we leverage the power of transcriptomes to investigate the chiton phylogeny to test current classification schemes and the position of Callochitonidae, a family whose phylogenetic position and taxonomic assignation are uncertain because of conflicting results from past studies. Using multiple data matrices with different taxon occupancy thresholds and inference methods, including both concatenated and coalescence-based approaches, we find a consistent resolution of the chiton phylogeny. Our results support a system with the orders Lepidopleurida, Chitonida and Callochitonida, with the latter two as sister groups. This resolution is compatible with recent mitogenomic results and rejects the position of Callochiton as a member of Chitonina.
{"title":"Tightening the girdle: phylotranscriptomics of Polyplacophora","authors":"J. Moles, T. J. Cunha, S. Lemer, David J. Combosch, Gonzalo Giribet","doi":"10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAB019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAB019","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The phylogenetic relationships within the molluscan class Polyplacophora (chitons) have been studied using morphology, traditional Sanger markers and mitogenomics, but, to date, no analysis has been carried out using transcriptomic and genome-wide data. Here, we leverage the power of transcriptomes to investigate the chiton phylogeny to test current classification schemes and the position of Callochitonidae, a family whose phylogenetic position and taxonomic assignation are uncertain because of conflicting results from past studies. Using multiple data matrices with different taxon occupancy thresholds and inference methods, including both concatenated and coalescence-based approaches, we find a consistent resolution of the chiton phylogeny. Our results support a system with the orders Lepidopleurida, Chitonida and Callochitonida, with the latter two as sister groups. This resolution is compatible with recent mitogenomic results and rejects the position of Callochiton as a member of Chitonina.","PeriodicalId":50126,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molluscan Studies","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAB019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41405516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dawn C Ellis-Diamond, B. Picton, Yara Tibiriçá, J. Sigwart
Here we describe a new species of shallow-subtidal nudibranch from south-eastern Africa. The strikingly vivid orange sea slug with white markings belongs to the long-disputed family Facelinidae, and has been photographed and recorded in the region by divers for some time. Tomographic modelling was applied to produce a 3D anatomical reconstruction of the reproductive and digestive organs from serial sections. A molecular phylogeny using multiple markers (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, 16S rRNA and histone H3) recovered three distinct clades within the paraphyletic Facelinidae, in agreement with other recent studies. This topology supported a genus-level clade, including the type species of Sakuraeolis Baba, 1965, S. enosimensis Baba, 1930, the new species described herein, S. arcana n. sp., and an undescribed sibling species that shares morphological resemblance to S. arcana n. sp. Facelina quatrefagesi Vayssière, 1888 is also recognized as Caloria quatrefagesi n. comb. on the basis of molecular and morphology affinity. Field observations provided insight into phenology, with a population decline noted in August. Although the new species does not have the penial structure previously considered diagnostic for Sakuraeolis, the decision was made on the balance of evidence for phylogenetic affinity to amend the diagnosis of the genus to accommodate S. arcana n. sp.
在这里，我们描述了一种来自非洲东南部的浅潮下裸鳃新种。这种带有白色斑纹的橙色海蛞蝓属于长期存在争议的海蛞蝓科，潜水员在该地区拍摄和记录了一段时间。层析建模应用于产生一个三维解剖重建的生殖和消化器官从一系列的切片。使用多个标记(细胞色素c氧化酶亚基I, 16S rRNA和组蛋白H3)的分子系统发育恢复了副葡萄球菌中三个不同的分支，与其他最近的研究一致。这种拓扑结构支持一个属级进化，包括1965年的Sakuraeolis Baba模式种、1930年的S. enosimensis Baba、本文描述的新种S. arcana n. sp，以及一个未描述的与S. arcana n. sp形态相似的兄弟种。Facelina quatrefagesi vayssi re, 1888年也被认为是Caloria quatrefagesi n. comb。基于分子和形态亲和。野外观察提供了对物候的深入了解，8月份发现了种群数量的下降。虽然新种不具有先前被认为是Sakuraeolis诊断的尖部结构，但在平衡了系统发育亲缘性的证据后，决定修改该属的诊断，以适应S. arcana n. sp。
{"title":"A new species of Sakuraeolis from Mozambique, described using 3D reconstruction of anatomy and phylogenetic analysis","authors":"Dawn C Ellis-Diamond, B. Picton, Yara Tibiriçá, J. Sigwart","doi":"10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAB010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAB010","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Here we describe a new species of shallow-subtidal nudibranch from south-eastern Africa. The strikingly vivid orange sea slug with white markings belongs to the long-disputed family Facelinidae, and has been photographed and recorded in the region by divers for some time. Tomographic modelling was applied to produce a 3D anatomical reconstruction of the reproductive and digestive organs from serial sections. A molecular phylogeny using multiple markers (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, 16S rRNA and histone H3) recovered three distinct clades within the paraphyletic Facelinidae, in agreement with other recent studies. This topology supported a genus-level clade, including the type species of Sakuraeolis Baba, 1965, S. enosimensis Baba, 1930, the new species described herein, S. arcana n. sp., and an undescribed sibling species that shares morphological resemblance to S. arcana n. sp. Facelina quatrefagesi Vayssière, 1888 is also recognized as Caloria quatrefagesi n. comb. on the basis of molecular and morphology affinity. Field observations provided insight into phenology, with a population decline noted in August. Although the new species does not have the penial structure previously considered diagnostic for Sakuraeolis, the decision was made on the balance of evidence for phylogenetic affinity to amend the diagnosis of the genus to accommodate S. arcana n. sp.","PeriodicalId":50126,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molluscan Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAB010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43804560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zemin Zhao, Rihao Cong, Kecheng Zhang, Wei Wang, Guofan Zhang, Ying Pan, Li Li
{"title":"Illumination can change the periodic variation of the oxygen consumption rate of Crassostrea gigas","authors":"Zemin Zhao, Rihao Cong, Kecheng Zhang, Wei Wang, Guofan Zhang, Ying Pan, Li Li","doi":"10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAB012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAB012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50126,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molluscan Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/MOLLUS/EYAB012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43731800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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