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Oscillons in gapless theories 无间隙理论中的振子
Pub Date : 2023-12-08 DOI: arxiv-2312.05308
P. Dorey, T. Romanczukiewicz, Y. Shnir, A. Wereszczynski
We show that large scale oscillons, i.e., quasi-periodic, long livingparticle like solutions, may exist in massless theories, too. Their existenceis explained using an effective (smeared) mass threshold which takes intoaccount nonlinear (finite) perturbations.
我们证明,大尺度振子,即准周期性的、类似长生命粒子的解,也可能存在于无质量理论中。我们用一个考虑到非线性(有限)扰动的有效(模糊)质量阈值来解释它们的存在。
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引用次数: 0
SO$(2,n)$-compatible embeddings of conformally flat $n$-dimensional submanifolds in $mathbb{R}^{n+2}$ $mathbb{R}^{n+2}$中共形平坦的$n$维子漫游的SO$(2,n)$兼容嵌入
Pub Date : 2023-12-08 DOI: arxiv-2312.05049
E. Huguet, J. Queva, J. Renaud
We describe embeddings of $n$-dimensional Lorentzian manifolds, includingFriedmann-Lema^itre-Robertson-Walker spaces, in $mathbb{R}^{n+2}$ such thatthe metrics of the submanifolds are inherited by a restriction from that of$mathbb{R}^{n+2}$, and the action of the linear group SO$(2, n)$ of theambient space reduces to conformal transformations on the submanifolds.
我们描述了$n$维洛伦兹流形(包括弗里德曼-勒马/^itre-罗伯逊-沃克空间)在$mathbb{R}^{n+2}$中的嵌入,这样子流形的度量通过限制继承自$mathbb{R}^{n+2}$的度量,而周围空间的线性群SO$(2, n)$的作用在子流形上简化为共形变换。
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引用次数: 0
Continuity of the critical value for long-range percolation 长程渗流临界值的连续性
Pub Date : 2023-12-07 DOI: arxiv-2312.04099
Johannes Bäumler
We show that for long-range percolation with polynomially decaying connectionprobabilities in dimension $dgeq 2$, the critical value depends continuouslyon the precise specifications of the model. Among other things, we use thisresult to show transience of the infinite supercritical long-range percolationcluster in dimension $dgeq 3$ and to prove a shape theorem for super-criticallong-range percolation in the strong decay regime.
我们证明,对于维度为 $dgeq 2$ 的多项式衰减连接概率的长程渗滤,临界值连续地取决于模型的精确规格。除其他外,我们利用这一结果证明了在维数$dgeq 3$下无限超临界长程渗滤簇的瞬时性,并证明了强衰变机制下超临界长程渗滤的形状定理。
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引用次数: 0
Off-diagonal approach to the exact solution of quantum integrable systems 量子可积分系统精确解的非对角方法
Pub Date : 2023-12-07 DOI: arxiv-2312.04153
Yi Qiao, Junpeng Cao, Wen-Li Yang, Kangjie Shi, Yupeng Wang
We investigate the $t$-$W$ scheme for the anti-ferromagnetic XXX spin chainunder both periodic and open boundary conditions. We propose a newparametrization of the eigenvalues of transfer matrix. Based on it, we obtainthe exact solution of the system. By analyzing the distribution of zero rootsat the ground state, we obtain the explicit expressions of the eigenfunctionsof the transfer matrix and the associated $mathbb{W}$ operator (see (2.8) and(3.20)) in the thermodynamic limit. We find that the ratio of the quantumdeterminant with the eigenvalue of $mathbb{W}$ operator for the ground stateexhibits exponential decay behavior. Thus this fact ensures that the so-calledinversion relation (the $t-W$ relation without the $W$-term) can be used tostudy the ground state properties of quantum integrable systems with/without$U(1)$-symmetry in the thermodynamic limit.
我们研究了反铁磁 XXX 自旋链在周期性和开放边界条件下的 $t$-$W$ 方案。我们提出了转移矩阵特征值的新参数化。在此基础上,我们得到了系统的精确解。通过分析基态零根的分布,我们得到了热力学极限下转移矩阵和相关 $mathbb{W}$ 算子(见 (2.8) 和 (3.20))的特征函数的明确表达式。我们发现,地面态的量子决定子与 $mathbb{W}$ 算子的特征值之比呈现指数衰减行为。因此,这一事实确保了所谓的反转关系(没有 $W$ 项的 $t-W$ 关系)可以用来研究热力学极限下有/无 $U(1)$ 对称性的量子可积分系统的基态性质。
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引用次数: 0
One-dimensional hydrogenic ions with screened nuclear Coulomb field 具有屏蔽核库仑场的一维氢离子
Pub Date : 2023-12-07 DOI: arxiv-2312.04033
Suchindram Dasgupta, Chirag Khurana, A. Shadi Tahvildar-Zadeh
We study the spectrum of the Dirac Hamiltonian in one space dimension for asingle electron in the electrostatic potential of a point nucleus, in theBorn-Oppenheimer approximation where the nucleus is assumed fixed at theorigin. The potential is screened at large distances so that it goes to zeroexponentially at spatial infinity. We show that the Hamiltonian is essentiallyself-adjoint, the essential spectrum has the usual gap $(-mc^2,mc^2)$ in it,and that there are only finitely many eigenvalues in that gap, corresponding toground and excited states for the system. We find a one-to-one correspondencebetween the eigenfunctions of this Hamiltonian and the heteroclinicsaddle-saddle connectors of a certain dynamical system on a finite cylinder. Weuse this correspondence to study how the number of bound states changes withthe nuclear charge.
我们研究了点核静电势中单个电子在一个空间维度上的狄拉克哈密顿频谱,在伯恩-奥本海默近似中,原子核被假定固定在原点。静电势在大距离处被屏蔽,因此在空间无限远处它的指数为零。我们证明了哈密顿基本上是自结合的,其本质谱具有通常的间隙 $(-mc^2,mc^2)$,并且在该间隙中只有有限多个特征值,分别对应于系统的基态和激发态。我们发现,这个哈密顿的特征函数与有限圆柱体上某个动力学系统的异直线鞍座连接器之间存在一一对应关系。我们利用这种对应关系来研究束缚态的数量是如何随核电荷的变化而变化的。
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引用次数: 0
Non-commutative probability insights into the double-scaling limit SYK Model with constant perturbations: moments, cumulants, and $q$-independence 对具有恒定扰动的双缩放极限 SYK 模型的非交换概率洞察:矩、累积量和 $q$-independence
Pub Date : 2023-12-07 DOI: arxiv-2312.04297
Shuang Wu
Extending the results of cite{Wu}, we study the double-scaling limit SYK(DSSYK) model with an additional diagonal matrix with a fixed number $c$ ofnonzero constant entries $theta$. This constant diagonal term can be rewrittenin terms of Majorana fermion products. Its specific formula depends on thevalue of $c$. We find exact expressions for the moments of this model. Moreimportantly, by proposing a moment-cumulant relation, we reinterpret the effectof introducing a constant term in the context of non-commutative probabilitytheory. This gives rise to a $tilde{q}$ dependent mixture of independenceswithin the moment formula. The parameter $tilde{q}$, derived from theq-Ornstein-Uhlenbeck (q-OU) process, controls this transformation. Itinterpolates between classical independence ($tilde{q}=1$) and Booleanindependence ($tilde{q}=0$). The underlying combinatorial structures of thismodel provide the non-commutative probability connections. Additionally, weexplore the potential relation between these connections and theirgravitational path integral counterparts.
我们扩展了吴文俊的研究成果,研究了双尺度极限SYK(DSSYK)模型,该模型有一个额外的对角矩阵,其中有固定数量的非零常数项$c$(theta$)。这个常数对角项可以用马约拉纳费米子乘积来重写。它的具体公式取决于 $c$ 的值。我们找到了这个模型矩的精确表达式。更重要的是,通过提出矩积关系,我们在非交换概率论的背景下重新解释了引入常数项的效果。这就在矩公式中产生了一个依赖于 $tilde{q}$ 的独立混合物。从q-Ornstein-Uhlenbeck(q-OU)过程导出的参数$tilde{q}$控制着这一转变。它介于经典独立性($tilde{q}=1$)和布尔独立性($tilde{q}=0$)之间。该模型的基本组合结构提供了非交换概率联系。此外,我们还探讨了这些联系与其引力路径积分对应物之间的潜在关系。
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引用次数: 0
Reversible Entanglement Beyond Quantum Operations 超越量子操作的可逆纠缠
Pub Date : 2023-12-07 DOI: arxiv-2312.04456
Xin Wang, Yu-Ao Chen, Lei Zhang, Chenghong Zhu
We introduce a reversible theory of exact entanglement manipulation byestablishing a necessary and sufficient condition for state transfer undertrace-preserving transformations that completely preserve the positivity ofpartial transpose (PPT). Under these free transformations, we show thatlogarithmic negativity emerges as the pivotal entanglement measure fordetermining entangled states' transformations, analogous to the role of entropyin the second law of thermodynamics. Previous results have proven thatentanglement is irreversible under quantum operations that completely preservePPT and leave open the question of reversibility for quantum operations that donot generate entanglement asymptotically. However, we find that going beyondthe complete positivity constraint imposed by standard quantum mechanicsenables a reversible theory of exact entanglement manipulation, which maysuggest a potential incompatibility between the reversibility of entanglementand the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics.
我们提出了一种精确纠缠操纵的可逆理论,建立了在完全保留部分转置(PPT)正向性的保留色度变换下进行状态转移的必要和充分条件。在这些自由变换下,我们证明对数负性成为决定纠缠态变换的关键纠缠度量,类似于热力学第二定律中熵的作用。之前的研究结果证明,在完全保留 PPT 的量子操作下,纠缠是不可逆的,而对于不产生渐近纠缠的量子操作,纠缠的可逆性问题则悬而未决。然而,我们发现,超越标准量子力学施加的完全正向性约束,可以实现精确纠缠操作的可逆理论,这可能暗示了纠缠的可逆性与量子力学基本原理之间潜在的不相容性。
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引用次数: 0
Invisibility of the integers for the discrete Gaussian chain via a Caffarelli-Silvestre extension of the discrete fractional Laplacian 通过离散分数拉普拉奇的卡法雷利-西尔维斯特雷扩展实现离散高斯链的整数不可见性
Pub Date : 2023-12-07 DOI: arxiv-2312.04536
Christophe Garban
The Discrete Gaussian Chain is a model of interfaces $Psi : mathbf{Z} tomathbf{Z}$ governed by the Hamiltonian $$ H(Psi)= sum_{ineq j}J_alpha(|i-j|) |Psi_i -Psi_j|^2 $$ with long-range coupling constants$J_alpha(k)asymp k^{-alpha}$. For any $alphain [2,3)$ and at high enoughtemperature, we prove an invariance principle for such an $alpha$-DiscreteGaussian Chain towards a $H(alpha)$-fractional Gaussian process where theHurst index $H$ satisfies $H=H(alpha)=frac {alpha-2} 2$. This result goes beyond a conjecture by Fr"ohlich and Zegarlinskicite{frohlich1991phase} which conjectured fluctuations of order $n^{tfrac 1 2(alpha-2) wedge 1}$ for the Discrete Gaussian Chain. More surprisingly, as opposed to the case of $2D$ Discrete Gaussian $Psi :mathbf{Z}^2 to mathbf{Z}$, we prove that the integers do not affect the {emeffective temperature} of the discrete Gaussian Chain at large scales. Such an{em invisibility of the integers} had been predicted by Slurink and Hilhorstin the special case $alpha_c=2$ in cite{slurink1983roughening}. Our proof relies on four main ingredients: (1) A Caffareli-Silvestreextension for the discrete fractional Laplacian (which may be of independentinterest) (2) A localisation of the chain in a smoother sub-domain (3) ACoulomb gas-type expansion in the spirit of Fr"ohlich-Spencer cite{FS} (4)Controlling the amount of Dirichlet Energy supported by a $1D$ band for theGreen functions of $mathbf{Z}^2$ Bessel type random walks Our results also have implications for the so-called {em BoundarySine-Gordon field}. Finally, we analyse the (easier) regimes where$alphain(1,2) cup (3,infty)$ as well as the $2D$ Discrete Gaussian withlong-range coupling constants (for any $alpha>alpha_c=4$).
离散高斯链是界面 $Psi :mathbf{Z}tomathbf{Z}$ 受哈密顿方程 $$ H(Psi)= sum_{ineq j}J_alpha(|i-j|) |Psi_i -Psi_j|^2 $ 与长程耦合常数 $J_alpha(k)asymp k^{-alpha}$ 的支配。对于[2,3]$中的任意$alpha并且在足够高的温度下,我们证明了这样一个$alpha$-离散高斯链对$H(alpha)$-分数高斯过程的不变量原理,其中赫斯特指数$H$满足$H=H(alpha)=frac {alpha-2} 2$。这一结果超越了 Fr"ohlich 和 Zegarlinski 的猜想,他们猜想离散高斯链的波动阶数为 $n^{tfrac 1 2(alpha-2) wedge 1}$。更令人惊奇的是,与2D$离散高斯$Psi :mathbf{Z}^2 to mathbf{Z}$的情况相反,我们证明了整数在大尺度上并不影响离散高斯链的{/emeffective temperature}。斯鲁林克和希尔霍斯特曾在《slurink1983roughening》一书中预言,在$α_c=2$的特殊情况下,整数不会影响离散高斯链的{emeffective temperature}。我们的证明依赖于四个主要成分:(1) 离散分数拉普拉奇的 Caffareli-Silvestree 扩展(这可能是独立的兴趣点) (2) 链在更平滑子域中的局部化 (3) Fr"ohlich-Spencer cite{FS}精神中的库仑气体型扩展(4)控制$mathbf{Z}^2$贝塞尔型随机游走的格林函数的$1D$带所支持的狄利克特能量的数量 我们的结果也对所谓的{em BoundarySine-Gordon field}有影响。最后,我们分析了$alphain(1,2) cup(3,infty)$以及具有长程耦合常数(对于任何$alpha>alpha_c=4$)的2D$离散高斯(Discrete Gaussian)的(更容易)状态。
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引用次数: 0
Supersymmetric generalization of q-deformed long-range spin chains of Haldane-Shastry type and trigonometric GL(N|M) solution of associative Yang-Baxter equation 哈丹-沙斯特里型 q变形长程自旋链的超对称广义化和联立杨-巴克斯特方程的三角 GL(N|M) 解
Pub Date : 2023-12-07 DOI: arxiv-2312.04525
M. Matushko, A. Zotov
We propose commuting set of matrix-valued difference operators in terms oftrigonometric ${rm GL}(N|M)$-valued $R$-matrices providing quantumsupersymmetric (and possibly anisotropic) spin Ruijsenaars-Macdonald operators.Two types of trigonometric supersymmetric $R$-matrices are used. The first isthe one related to the affine quantized algebra ${hat{mathcal U}}_q({rmgl}(N|M))$. The second is a graded version of the standard $mathbbZ_n$-invariant $A_{n-1}$ type $R$-matrix. We show that being properlynormalized the latter graded $R$-matrix satisfies the associative Yang-Baxterequation. Next, we proceed to construction of long-range spin chains using thePolychronakos freezing trick. As a result we obtain a new family of spinchains, which extend the ${rm gl}(N|M)$-invariant Haldane-Shastry spin chainto q-deformed case with possible presence of anisotropy.
我们用三角${/rm GL}(N|M)$值$R$矩阵提出了矩阵值差分算子的换算集,这些矩阵提供了量子超对称(可能是各向异性的)自旋鲁伊塞纳尔斯-麦当劳算子。第一种是与仿射量化代数 ${hat{mathcal U}}_q({rmgl}(N|M))$ 相关的。第二个是标准 $mathbbZ_n$ 不变 $A_{n-1}$ 类型 $R$ 矩阵的分级版本。我们证明,后者的分级 $R$ 矩阵经过适当归一化后,满足关联杨-巴克斯定理。接下来,我们利用波利切纳科斯冻结技巧来构建长程自旋链。结果,我们得到了一个新的自旋链家族,它将${rm gl}(N|M)$不变的霍尔丹-沙斯特里自旋链扩展到可能存在各向异性的q变形情况。
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引用次数: 0
A sufficient condition for superstatistics in steady state ensembles 稳态集合中超统计的充分条件
Pub Date : 2023-12-07 DOI: arxiv-2312.04283
Constanza Farías, Sergio Davis
In recent years, the theory of superstatistics, which aims to describenon-equilibrium steady state systems, has gained attention due to its differentreal world applications, highlighting its versatility and concise mathematicalformulation in terms of a probability density for the inverse temperature$beta=1/k_{B}T$. When exploring the domain of application of thesuperstatistical theory, recent works have shown some necessary conditions fora superstatistical description of a given steady state, in terms of thefundamental and microcanonical inverse temperature. In this work, a new theoremthat establishes a sufficient condition for the existence of a superstatisticaldescription of a particular steady state is presented, using the language ofmoment-generating functions and connecting them with properties of thederivatives of the fundamental inverse temperature.
近年来,旨在描述非平衡稳态系统的超统计理论因其在现实世界中的不同应用而备受关注,这凸显了超统计理论的多功能性以及以反温度$beta=1/k_{B}T$的概率密度为基础的简明数学表述。在探索超统计理论的应用领域时,最近的研究显示了一些必要条件,可以用基本反温度和微观反温度对给定稳态进行超统计描述。在这篇论文中,我们使用矩生成函数的语言,并将它们与基本逆温度的derivatives的性质联系起来,提出了一个新的定理,为特定稳态的超统计描述的存在建立了充分条件。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
arXiv - PHYS - Mathematical Physics
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