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From Full-fledged ERP Systems Towards Process-centric Business Process Platforms 从成熟的ERP系统到以流程为中心的业务流程平台
Pub Date : 2023-06-02 DOI: arxiv-2306.02995
Lukas Böhme, Tobias Wuttke, Ralf Teusner, Michael Perscheid, Sebastian Baltes, Christoph Matthies, Benedict Bender
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems are critical to the success ofenterprises, facilitating business operations through standardized digitalprocesses. However, existing ERP systems are unsuitable for startups and smalland medium-sized enterprises that grow quickly and require adaptable solutionswith low barriers to entry. Drawing upon 15 explorative interviews withindustry experts, we examine the challenges of current ERP systems using thetask technology fit theory across companies of varying sizes. We describe highentry barriers, high costs of implementing implicit processes, and insufficientinteroperability of already employed tools. We present a vision of a futurebusiness process platform based on three enablers: Business processes asfirst-class entities, semantic data and processes, and cloud-native elasticityand high availability. We discuss how these enablers address current ERPsystems' challenges and how they may be used for research on the nextgeneration of business software for tomorrow's enterprises.
企业资源规划(ERP)系统对企业的成功至关重要,通过标准化的数字化流程促进业务运营。然而,现有的ERP系统不适合快速成长的初创企业和中小型企业,需要适应性强、进入门槛低的解决方案。通过对行业专家的15次探索性访谈,我们在不同规模的公司中使用任务技术匹配理论来研究当前ERP系统的挑战。我们描述了高入门门槛,实现隐式过程的高成本,以及已经使用的工具的互操作性不足。我们提出了一个基于三个使能因素的未来业务流程平台的愿景:作为一级实体的业务流程、语义数据和流程、云原生弹性和高可用性。我们将讨论这些促成因素如何解决当前erp系统的挑战,以及如何将它们用于研究面向未来企业的下一代业务软件。
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引用次数: 0
Software Development Vehicles to enable extended and early co-design: a RISC-V and HPC case of study 支持扩展和早期协同设计的软件开发工具:RISC-V和HPC案例研究
Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: arxiv-2306.01797
Filippo Mantovani, Pablo Vizcaino, Fabio Banchelli, Marta Garcia-Gasulla, Roger Ferrer, Giorgos Ieronymakis, Nikos Dimou, Vassilis Papaefstathiou, Jesus Labarta
Prototyping HPC systems with low-to-mid technology readiness level (TRL)systems is critical for providing feedback to hardware designers, the systemsoftware team (e.g., compiler developers), and early adopters from thescientific community. The typical approach to hardware design and HPC systemprototyping often limits feedback or only allows it at a late stage. In thispaper, we present a set of tools for co-designing HPC systems, called softwaredevelopment vehicles (SDV). We use an innovative RISC-V design as ademonstrator, which includes a scalar CPU and a vector processing unit capableof operating large vectors up to 16 kbits. We provide an incrementalmethodology and early tangible evidence of the co-design process that providefeedback to improve both architecture and system software at a very early stageof system development.
采用中低技术准备水平(TRL)系统的HPC系统原型对于向硬件设计人员、系统软件团队(例如编译器开发人员)和科学界的早期采用者提供反馈至关重要。硬件设计和HPC系统原型的典型方法通常会限制反馈,或者只在后期阶段允许反馈。在本文中,我们提出了一套用于协同设计HPC系统的工具,称为软件开发工具(SDV)。我们使用创新的RISC-V设计作为演示,其中包括一个标量CPU和一个矢量处理单元,能够处理高达16 kb的大矢量。我们提供了一种渐进的方法和早期的共同设计过程的切实证据,在系统开发的早期阶段提供反馈以改进架构和系统软件。
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引用次数: 0
Classification of Sequential Circuits as Causal Functions 顺序电路作为因果函数的分类
Pub Date : 2023-05-24 DOI: arxiv-2306.17583
Shunji Nishimura
In sequential circuits, the current output may depend on both past andcurrent inputs. However, certain kinds of sequential circuits do not refer toall of the past inputs to generate the current output; they only refer to asubset of past inputs. This paper investigates which subset of past inputs asequential circuit refers to, and proposes a new classification of sequentialcircuits based on this criterion. The conventional classification of sequentialcircuits distinguishes between synchronous and asynchronous circuits. Incontrast, the new classification consolidates synchronous circuits and multipleclock domain circuits into the same category.
在顺序电路中,电流输出可能依赖于过去和现在的输入。然而,某些类型的顺序电路并不参考过去的所有输入来产生当前的输出;它们只参考过去输入的子集。本文研究了顺序电路中哪个子集是过去输入的子集,并在此基础上提出了一种新的顺序电路分类方法。顺序电路的传统分类区分了同步电路和异步电路。相比之下,新的分类将同步电路和多时钟域电路合并为同一类别。
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引用次数: 0
Measuring ancient technological complexity and its cognitive implications using Petri nets 使用Petri网测量古代技术复杂性及其认知含义
Pub Date : 2023-05-16 DOI: arxiv-2305.09751
Sebastian Fajardo, Paul R. B. Kozowyk, Geeske H. J. Langejans
We implement a method from computer sciences to address a challenge inPaleolithic archaeology: how to infer cognition differences from materialculture. Archaeological material culture is linked to cognition: more complexancient technologies are assumed to have required complex cognition. We presentan application of Petri net analysis to compare Neanderthal tar productiontechnologies and tie the results to cognitive requirements. We applied threecomplexity metrics, each relying on their own unique definitions of complexity,to the modelled production sequences. Based on the results, we suggest thatNeanderthal working memory requirements may have been similar to humanpreferences regarding working memory use today. This method also enables us todistinguish the high-order cognitive functions combining traits like planning,inhibitory control, and learnings that were likely required by differentancient technological processes. The Petri net approach can contribute to ourunderstanding of technology and cognitive evolution as it can be used ondifferent materials and technologies, across time and species.
我们实现了一种计算机科学方法来解决旧石器时代考古学中的一个挑战:如何从物质文化中推断认知差异。考古物质文化与认知有关:更复杂的古代技术被认为需要复杂的认知。我们提出了一个应用Petri网分析来比较尼安德特人的焦油生产技术,并将结果与认知需求联系起来。我们将三种复杂性度量标准应用于建模的生产序列,每一种都依赖于它们自己独特的复杂性定义。基于这些结果,我们认为尼安德特人对工作记忆的要求可能与今天人类对工作记忆使用的偏好相似。这种方法还使我们能够区分高阶认知功能,这些功能结合了计划、抑制控制和学习等特征,这些特征可能是不同古代技术过程所需要的。Petri网方法可以帮助我们理解技术和认知进化,因为它可以用于不同的材料和技术,跨越时间和物种。
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引用次数: 0
Toward Platform-based Building Design 面向平台的建筑设计
Pub Date : 2023-05-11 DOI: arxiv-2305.10949
Yu-Wen Lin, Tsz Ling Elaine Tang, Stefano Schiavon, Costas J. Spanos
The electronic design industry has undergone a significant transformation,transitioning from traditional hand-drawn designs to modern automated designprocesses. While Computer-Aided Design (CAD) tools emerged alongside theelectronic industry, the current building design process has little to noautomation. There is a need for a unified platform to address the complexity ofbuilding design and provide a more systematic approach. Platform-based design(PBD), originally developed in the electronic industry, enables efficientdesign processes by promoting the reuse of hardware and software systems. Italso facilitates design space exploration while optimizing performance. Thispaper proposes a modular approach that divides the building into variousdisciplines and introduces a design flow using the PBD framework to streamlinethe design process. We also present a case study that demonstrates the use ofthe PBD framework in the Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC)systems design.
电子设计行业经历了一个重大的转变,从传统的手绘设计过渡到现代的自动化设计过程。虽然计算机辅助设计(CAD)工具随着电子工业的发展而出现,但目前的建筑设计过程几乎没有自动化。需要一个统一的平台来解决建筑设计的复杂性,并提供一个更系统的方法。基于平台的设计(PBD)最初是在电子工业中发展起来的,它通过促进硬件和软件系统的重用来实现有效的设计过程。它还促进了设计空间的探索,同时优化了性能。本文提出了一种模块化的方法,将建筑划分为不同的学科,并引入了使用PBD框架来简化设计过程的设计流程。我们还提出了一个案例研究,展示了PBD框架在供暖、通风和空调(HVAC)系统设计中的应用。
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引用次数: 0
From Electronic Design Automation to Building Design Automation: Challenges and Opportunities 从电子设计自动化到建筑设计自动化:挑战与机遇
Pub Date : 2023-05-10 DOI: arxiv-2305.06380
Yu-Wen Lin, Tsz Ling Elaine Tang, Alberto L. Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, Stefano Schiavon, Costas J. Spanos
Design automation, which involves the use of software tools and technologiesto streamline the design process, has been widely adopted in the electronicsindustry, resulting in significant advancements in product development andmanufacturing. However, building design, which involves the creation of complexstructures and systems, has traditionally lagged behind in leveraging designautomation technologies. Despite extensive research on design automation in thebuilding industry, its application in the current design of buildings islimited. This paper aims to (1) compare the design processes betweenelectronics and building design, (2) highlight similarities and differences intheir approaches, and (3) examine challenges and opportunities associated withbringing the concept of design automation from electronics to building design.
设计自动化,包括使用软件工具和技术来简化设计过程,已经在电子工业中广泛采用,导致产品开发和制造方面的重大进步。然而,建筑设计涉及复杂结构和系统的创建,传统上在利用设计自动化技术方面落后。尽管在建筑工业中对设计自动化进行了广泛的研究,但它在当前建筑设计中的应用是有限的。本文旨在(1)比较电子和建筑设计之间的设计过程,(2)强调其方法的异同,(3)研究将设计自动化概念从电子引入建筑设计的挑战和机遇。
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引用次数: 0
Spatial Computing Opportunities in Biomedical Decision Support: The Atlas-EHR Vision 生物医学决策支持中的空间计算机会:Atlas-EHR愿景
Pub Date : 2023-05-09 DOI: arxiv-2305.09675
Majid Farhadloo, Arun Sharma, Shashi Shekhar, Svetomir N. Markovic
Consider the problem of reducing the time needed by healthcare professionalsto understand patient medical history via the next generation of biomedicaldecision support. This problem is societally important because it has thepotential to improve healthcare quality and patient outcomes. However, it ischallenging due to the high patient-doctor ratio, the potential long medicalhistories, the urgency of treatment for some medical conditions, and patientvariability. The current system provides a longitudinal view of patient medicalhistory, which is time-consuming to browse, and doctors often need to engagenurses, residents, and others for initial analysis. To overcome thislimitation, our vision, Atlas EHR, is an alternative spatial representation ofpatients' histories (e.g., electronic health records (EHRs)) and otherbiomedical data. Just like Google Maps allows a global, national, regional, andlocal view, the Atlas-EHR may start with the overview of the patient's anatomyand history before drilling down to spatially anatomical sub-systems, theirindividual components, or sub-components. It will also use thoughtfulcartography (e.g., urgency color, disease icons, and symbols) to highlightcritical information for improving task efficiency and decision quality,analogous to how it is used in designing task-specific maps. Atlas-EHR presentsa compelling opportunity for spatial computing since health is almost a fifthof the US economy. However, the traditional spatial computing designed forgeographic use cases (e.g., navigation, land survey, mapping) faces manyhurdles in the biomedical domain, presenting several research questions. Thispaper presents some open research questions under this theme in broad areas ofspatial computing.
考虑通过下一代生物医学决策支持减少医疗保健专业人员了解患者病史所需时间的问题。这个问题具有重要的社会意义,因为它有可能提高医疗质量和患者的治疗效果。然而,由于高医患比、潜在的长期病史、某些医疗条件的治疗紧迫性以及患者的可变性,这是具有挑战性的。目前的系统提供了患者病史的纵向视图,浏览时间很长,医生通常需要与护士、住院医生和其他人一起进行初步分析。为了克服这一限制,我们的愿景Atlas EHR是患者病史(例如电子健康记录(EHRs))和其他生物医学数据的另一种空间表示。就像谷歌地图允许全球,国家,地区和本地视图一样,Atlas-EHR可能会从患者的解剖和历史概况开始,然后再深入到空间解剖子系统,它们的单个组成部分或子组成部分。它还将使用周到的制图(例如,紧急颜色,疾病图标和符号)来突出关键信息,以提高任务效率和决策质量,类似于在设计特定任务地图时使用的方法。Atlas-EHR为空间计算提供了一个引人注目的机会,因为医疗保健几乎占美国经济的五分之一。然而,传统的为地理用例(如导航、土地调查、测绘)设计的空间计算在生物医学领域面临许多障碍,提出了几个研究问题。本文在空间计算的广泛领域提出了这一主题下的一些开放的研究问题。
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引用次数: 0
The Standard Problem 标准问题
Pub Date : 2023-04-17 DOI: arxiv-2304.09114
Enrico Coiera
Crafting, adhering to, and maintaining standards is an ongoing challenge.This paper uses a framework based on common models to explore the standardproblem: the impossibility of creating, implementing or maintain definitivecommon models in an open system. The problem arises from uncertainty driven byvariations in operating context, standard quality, differences inimplementation, and drift over time. Fitting work by conformance servicesrepairs these gaps between a standard and what is required for interoperation,using several strategies: (a) Universal conformance (all agents access the samestandard); (b) Mediated conformance (an interoperability layer supportsheterogeneous agents) and (c) Localized conformance, (autonomous adaptiveagents manage their own needs). Conformance methods include incremental design,modular design, adaptors, and creating interactive and adaptive agents. Machinelearning should have a major role in adaptive fitting. Choosing a conformanceservice depends on the stability and homogeneity of shared tasks, and whethercommon models are shared ahead of time or are adjusted at task time. Thisanalysis thus decouples interoperability and standardization. While standardsfacilitate interoperability, interoperability is achievable withoutstandardization.
制定、遵守和维护标准是一个持续的挑战。本文使用一个基于公共模型的框架来探讨标准问题:在开放系统中不可能创建、实现或维护确定的公共模型。问题产生于操作环境的变化、标准质量、实施的差异和随时间的漂移所导致的不确定性。一致性服务的拟合工作使用几种策略修复了标准与互操作所需之间的这些差距:(a)普遍一致性(所有代理访问相同的标准);(b)中介一致性(支持异构代理的互操作性层)和(c)本地化一致性(自主自适应代理管理自己的需求)。一致性方法包括增量设计、模块化设计、适配器以及创建交互式和自适应代理。机器学习应该在自适应拟合中发挥重要作用。选择一致性服务取决于共享任务的稳定性和同质性,以及公共模型是提前共享还是在任务时调整。因此,这种分析将互操作性和标准化解耦。虽然标准促进了互操作性,但互操作性是可以在没有标准化的情况下实现的。
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引用次数: 0
Manuscript of a method for improving wear in intermittently computing file systems 一种改善间歇性计算文件系统磨损的方法手稿
Pub Date : 2023-04-11 DOI: arxiv-2304.05399
Yeteng Liao, Han wang
For the first time, the repeated wear phenomenon of high-frequency powerfailure on the data block area in intermittent computing file system is found.A method to improve NVM wear in ICFS under high-frequency power failurescenarios is proposed.
首次发现了间歇性计算文件系统中数据块区域高频断电的重复磨损现象。提出了一种在高频断电情况下改善ICFS中NVM磨损的方法。
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引用次数: 0
Choose Your Weapon: Survival Strategies for Depressed AI Academics 选择你的武器:抑郁AI学者的生存策略
Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: arxiv-2304.06035
Julian Togelius, Georgios N. Yannakakis
Are you an AI researcher at an academic institution? Are you anxious you arenot coping with the current pace of AI advancements? Do you feel you have no(or very limited) access to the computational and human resources required foran AI research breakthrough? You are not alone; we feel the same way. A growingnumber of AI academics can no longer find the means and resources to compete ata global scale. This is a somewhat recent phenomenon, but an accelerating one,with private actors investing enormous compute resources into cutting edge AIresearch. Here, we discuss what you can do to stay competitive while remainingan academic. We also briefly discuss what universities and the private sectorcould do improve the situation, if they are so inclined. This is not anexhaustive list of strategies, and you may not agree with all of them, but itserves to start a discussion.
你是学术机构的人工智能研究员吗?你是否担心自己无法应对当前人工智能的发展速度?你是否觉得你没有(或非常有限)获得人工智能研究突破所需的计算和人力资源?你并不孤单;我们也有同感。越来越多的人工智能学者再也找不到在全球范围内竞争的手段和资源。这是一个最近才出现的现象,但正在加速发展,私营企业将大量的计算资源投入到尖端的ai研究中。在这里,我们将讨论如何在保持学术地位的同时保持竞争力。我们还简要讨论了大学和私营部门可以做些什么来改善这种情况,如果他们有这种倾向的话。这不是一个详尽的策略列表,你可能不同意所有的策略,但它有助于开始讨论。
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引用次数: 0
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arXiv - CS - Other Computer Science
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