Quantitative analysis of electrocardiogram (ECG) signals plays a pivotal role in objectively and quantitatively assessing cardiac electrical activity. This paper presents an innovative approach for quantitative ECG signal analysis utilizing extremum energy decomposition (EED). The methodology encompasses multiple steps: acquisition of unknown ECG signal under specific time and sampling conditions, denoising of acquired ECG signals, and subsequent decomposition of denoised ECG signals into a set of extremum modal function components alongside a residual. The n extremum modal function components obtained effectively represent different frequency bands. By evaluating these n extremum modal function components, the presence and severity of abnormalities within the ECG signal can be determined. The results showcased the effectiveness of the method in accurately identifying abnormal ECG signals, and the technique demonstrated robustness against noise interference, enhancing its practical utility in clinical and diagnostic settings. This research contributes to the field of ECG analysis by offering a quantitative toolset that enhances the objectivity and accuracy of abnormality assessment in cardiac electrical activity.
{"title":"ECG Signal Quantitative Analysis Based on Extremum Energy Decomposition Method","authors":"Yanyu Zhou, Yihua Song, Kankan She, Xinxia Li, Yu Hu, Xinbao Ning","doi":"10.1142/s0219519423401000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219519423401000","url":null,"abstract":"Quantitative analysis of electrocardiogram (ECG) signals plays a pivotal role in objectively and quantitatively assessing cardiac electrical activity. This paper presents an innovative approach for quantitative ECG signal analysis utilizing extremum energy decomposition (EED). The methodology encompasses multiple steps: acquisition of unknown ECG signal under specific time and sampling conditions, denoising of acquired ECG signals, and subsequent decomposition of denoised ECG signals into a set of extremum modal function components alongside a residual. The n extremum modal function components obtained effectively represent different frequency bands. By evaluating these n extremum modal function components, the presence and severity of abnormalities within the ECG signal can be determined. The results showcased the effectiveness of the method in accurately identifying abnormal ECG signals, and the technique demonstrated robustness against noise interference, enhancing its practical utility in clinical and diagnostic settings. This research contributes to the field of ECG analysis by offering a quantitative toolset that enhances the objectivity and accuracy of abnormality assessment in cardiac electrical activity.","PeriodicalId":50135,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136057776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-11DOI: 10.1142/s0219519423400870
Na Liu, Wei-Xing Ma, Jing Qi, Yan-Xia Wang, Gui-Fang Ren, Pei Yu, Yu-Han Xie, Lin Xiao, Zong-Run Li
This review is to summarize the reports published in the past 10 years on the protective mechanism of 74 different intervention methods on lung injury through restraining nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-[Formula: see text]B) signaling pathway. We summarized the experimental studies on animal lung injury models of NF-[Formula: see text]B, MAPK/NF-[Formula: see text]B, PI3K/Akt/NF-[Formula: see text]B, TLR4/NF-[Formula: see text]B, NF-[Formula: see text]B/NALP3, NF-[Formula: see text]B/NLRP3 and other NF-[Formula: see text]B-related signal pathways. Lung injury leads to high mortality worldwide. Many potential mechanisms for the treatment and prevention of lung injury are still unclear. In addition to the use of lung protection strategies, currently, there are no effective drugs for lung injury treatment. Preemptive NF-[Formula: see text]B inhibition protects cells from damage, but inhibition at the decomposition stage delays tissue repair. Therefore, we think there is a need to conduct further studies that can provide more insights for future treatment and prevention of lung injury.
本文对近10年来发表的74种不同干预方法通过抑制核因子κ B (NF-[公式:见文]B)信号通路对肺损伤的保护机制进行综述。总结NF-[公式:见文]B、MAPK/NF-[公式:见文]B、PI3K/Akt/NF-[公式:见文]B、TLR4/NF-[公式:见文]B、NF-[公式:见文]B/NALP3、NF-[公式:见文]B/NLRP3等NF-[公式:见文]B相关信号通路的实验研究。肺损伤导致世界范围内的高死亡率。许多治疗和预防肺损伤的潜在机制尚不清楚。除了使用肺保护策略外，目前还没有有效的肺损伤治疗药物。先发制人的NF- B抑制可以保护细胞免受损伤，但在分解阶段的抑制会延迟组织修复。因此，我们认为有必要进行进一步的研究，为未来肺损伤的治疗和预防提供更多的见解。
{"title":"PROTECTIVE MECHANISM OF ALLEVIATING LUNG INJURY BY INHIBITING NF-κB PATHWAY","authors":"Na Liu, Wei-Xing Ma, Jing Qi, Yan-Xia Wang, Gui-Fang Ren, Pei Yu, Yu-Han Xie, Lin Xiao, Zong-Run Li","doi":"10.1142/s0219519423400870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219519423400870","url":null,"abstract":"This review is to summarize the reports published in the past 10 years on the protective mechanism of 74 different intervention methods on lung injury through restraining nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-[Formula: see text]B) signaling pathway. We summarized the experimental studies on animal lung injury models of NF-[Formula: see text]B, MAPK/NF-[Formula: see text]B, PI3K/Akt/NF-[Formula: see text]B, TLR4/NF-[Formula: see text]B, NF-[Formula: see text]B/NALP3, NF-[Formula: see text]B/NLRP3 and other NF-[Formula: see text]B-related signal pathways. Lung injury leads to high mortality worldwide. Many potential mechanisms for the treatment and prevention of lung injury are still unclear. In addition to the use of lung protection strategies, currently, there are no effective drugs for lung injury treatment. Preemptive NF-[Formula: see text]B inhibition protects cells from damage, but inhibition at the decomposition stage delays tissue repair. Therefore, we think there is a need to conduct further studies that can provide more insights for future treatment and prevention of lung injury.","PeriodicalId":50135,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology","volume":"2013 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136057952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-07DOI: 10.1142/s0219519423400845
Shin-Bae Seo, Seung-Rok Kang, Ho-Choon Jeong, Mi Yu, Tae-Kyu Kwon
In this study, we aimed to provide safe exercises with automatic service for easy access to active seniors, develop Smart One Repetition Maximum (1RM) measurement system applying electronic load that can reduce injuries, and optimize exercise effects by accurately evaluating physical functions and exercise effects. In this study, a smart, customized exercise and 1RM measurement system was developed to improve and maintain the daily living ability of healthy older adults. This system applies a power brake to provide a safe and detailed exercise load for older adults and consists of six types of exercises, including leg extension, leg press, long pull, in and out thigh, abdominal, and chest press exercises. The subjects of this study were 30 adults aged 65 years or older who had no history of musculoskeletal or nervous system disorders in the past 6 months and who attended an elderly fitness center in Gwangju city. Whole-body aerobic exercise was performed using a sedentary bicycle for 20[Formula: see text]min before exercise. Exercise load was performed by converting the weight of 30RM based on the 1RM measured before evaluation. The exercises were chest press, long pull, abdominal flexion, hip adduction, leg extension, and leg press. All the exercises were performed 30 times in a set, three sets a day, 3–5 times a week, with 5[Formula: see text]min of rest between workouts. As a result of the experiment, the maximum muscle strength for all exercise modes increased significantly ([Formula: see text]), and a safe muscle strength enhancement effect for the elderly was observed. These results suggest that the smart, customized exercise system developed in this study can positively result in a safe increase in the muscle strength of the elderly.
在本研究中，我们旨在为活跃的老年人提供安全的、自动服务的运动，以方便他们获得运动，开发应用电子负荷的智能一次最大重复(Smart One Repetition Maximum, 1RM)测量系统，减少伤害，并通过准确评估身体功能和运动效果来优化运动效果。本研究开发了一种智能的、定制的运动和1RM测量系统，以改善和维持健康老年人的日常生活能力。该系统采用动力制动器，为老年人提供安全而详细的运动负荷，包括六种类型的运动，包括腿部伸展，腿部按压，长拉，大腿内外，腹部和胸部按压练习。本研究的对象是30名65岁或以上的成年人，他们在过去6个月内没有肌肉骨骼或神经系统疾病史，并参加了光州市的老年人健身中心。在运动前使用久坐自行车进行20分钟的全身有氧运动[公式:见文本]。运动负荷是在评估前测量的1RM的基础上换算30RM的体重来计算的。练习包括胸压、长拉、腹屈、髋内收、腿伸和腿压。所有运动均为30次为一组，每天3组，每周3-5次，运动之间休息5分钟[公式:见文]。实验结果表明，所有运动方式的最大肌力均显著增加([公式:见文])，对老年人有安全的肌力增强效果。这些结果表明，本研究中开发的智能定制运动系统可以积极地导致老年人肌肉力量的安全增加。
{"title":"Development of smart 1rm measurement system to improvement of skeletal muscle function of the elderly","authors":"Shin-Bae Seo, Seung-Rok Kang, Ho-Choon Jeong, Mi Yu, Tae-Kyu Kwon","doi":"10.1142/s0219519423400845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219519423400845","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we aimed to provide safe exercises with automatic service for easy access to active seniors, develop Smart One Repetition Maximum (1RM) measurement system applying electronic load that can reduce injuries, and optimize exercise effects by accurately evaluating physical functions and exercise effects. In this study, a smart, customized exercise and 1RM measurement system was developed to improve and maintain the daily living ability of healthy older adults. This system applies a power brake to provide a safe and detailed exercise load for older adults and consists of six types of exercises, including leg extension, leg press, long pull, in and out thigh, abdominal, and chest press exercises. The subjects of this study were 30 adults aged 65 years or older who had no history of musculoskeletal or nervous system disorders in the past 6 months and who attended an elderly fitness center in Gwangju city. Whole-body aerobic exercise was performed using a sedentary bicycle for 20[Formula: see text]min before exercise. Exercise load was performed by converting the weight of 30RM based on the 1RM measured before evaluation. The exercises were chest press, long pull, abdominal flexion, hip adduction, leg extension, and leg press. All the exercises were performed 30 times in a set, three sets a day, 3–5 times a week, with 5[Formula: see text]min of rest between workouts. As a result of the experiment, the maximum muscle strength for all exercise modes increased significantly ([Formula: see text]), and a safe muscle strength enhancement effect for the elderly was observed. These results suggest that the smart, customized exercise system developed in this study can positively result in a safe increase in the muscle strength of the elderly.","PeriodicalId":50135,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135251912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-07DOI: 10.1142/s0219519423400973
Lin Ma, Shichao Ma
This study was envisaged to develop a recognition method based on the data mining and twin network deep learning, in view of the recognition problems of the mental health data. Initially, the survey dataset was preprocessed using K-Means clustering and improved Apriori data mining methods. The Apriori data mining method was improvised, which significantly improved the pruning efficiency of the Apriori algorithm by introducing cumulative counting and address mapping tables. Subsequently, under the deep learning framework of the twin network, the reference dataset was included in the upper branch network and the survey dataset after clustering analysis, and data mining was included in the lower branch network. The upper branch network further integrated the channel self-attention mechanism, while the lower branch network further integrated the spatial self-attention mechanism. Based on various types of mental health data and reference datasets, identification experiments were conducted. The experimental results showed that the proposed method outperformed the Decision Tree (DT), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), and RNN methods using the four evaluation indicators of Precision, Recall, F1, and AUC. Furthermore, the developed method has higher pruning efficiency in data mining and higher accuracy in discriminating mental health.
{"title":"Studies on the mental health recognition based on data mining and twin learning network","authors":"Lin Ma, Shichao Ma","doi":"10.1142/s0219519423400973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219519423400973","url":null,"abstract":"This study was envisaged to develop a recognition method based on the data mining and twin network deep learning, in view of the recognition problems of the mental health data. Initially, the survey dataset was preprocessed using K-Means clustering and improved Apriori data mining methods. The Apriori data mining method was improvised, which significantly improved the pruning efficiency of the Apriori algorithm by introducing cumulative counting and address mapping tables. Subsequently, under the deep learning framework of the twin network, the reference dataset was included in the upper branch network and the survey dataset after clustering analysis, and data mining was included in the lower branch network. The upper branch network further integrated the channel self-attention mechanism, while the lower branch network further integrated the spatial self-attention mechanism. Based on various types of mental health data and reference datasets, identification experiments were conducted. The experimental results showed that the proposed method outperformed the Decision Tree (DT), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), and RNN methods using the four evaluation indicators of Precision, Recall, F1, and AUC. Furthermore, the developed method has higher pruning efficiency in data mining and higher accuracy in discriminating mental health.","PeriodicalId":50135,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135251915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To explore the risk factors for thyroid nodules and their correlation with diabetes and stroke, the authors conducted a study on 1000 patients with metabolic syndrome (MS). The analysis included variables such as gender, age, familial thyroid disease, salt intake, iodine intake, smoking, alcohol consumption, sleep quality, mental stress, exercise, BMI, blood pressure, diabetes, and baseline nodules. The Apriori algorithm of machine learning was used to derive 12 association rules ([Formula: see text]), and the decision tree algorithm was used to derive 20 effective knowledge rules. The results showed that iodine intake, salt intake, BMI, and advanced age were high-risk factors for thyroid nodules. Exercise, BMI, and age were strongly correlated, while exercise, mental stress, iodine intake, and salt intake showed a strong correlation. Exercise, sleep, smoking, and alcohol consumption influenced mental stress, while age, diseases (diabetes, hypertension, obesity), and lifestyle habits influenced sleep quality. The risk of diabetes and stroke increased in patients with thyroid nodules, and there was a strong correlation among diabetes, stroke, and thyroid nodules.
{"title":"Analysis of Risk Factors for Thyroid Nodules and Study on Their Association with Diabetes and Stroke","authors":"Fei Wang, Chendi Yuan, Xuefei Wang, Jiawen Cao, Xiaowen Gao, Yifei Wang, Fulong Han, Qiaohui Qian, Zeguo Shao","doi":"10.1142/s0219519423401048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219519423401048","url":null,"abstract":"To explore the risk factors for thyroid nodules and their correlation with diabetes and stroke, the authors conducted a study on 1000 patients with metabolic syndrome (MS). The analysis included variables such as gender, age, familial thyroid disease, salt intake, iodine intake, smoking, alcohol consumption, sleep quality, mental stress, exercise, BMI, blood pressure, diabetes, and baseline nodules. The Apriori algorithm of machine learning was used to derive 12 association rules ([Formula: see text]), and the decision tree algorithm was used to derive 20 effective knowledge rules. The results showed that iodine intake, salt intake, BMI, and advanced age were high-risk factors for thyroid nodules. Exercise, BMI, and age were strongly correlated, while exercise, mental stress, iodine intake, and salt intake showed a strong correlation. Exercise, sleep, smoking, and alcohol consumption influenced mental stress, while age, diseases (diabetes, hypertension, obesity), and lifestyle habits influenced sleep quality. The risk of diabetes and stroke increased in patients with thyroid nodules, and there was a strong correlation among diabetes, stroke, and thyroid nodules.","PeriodicalId":50135,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135253227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-07DOI: 10.1142/s0219519423401036
Yu-Ri Kwon, Ji-Won Kim
Little is known about the reliability of center of pressure (COP) variables during static balance test in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Furthermore, reliability studies on fallers and nonfallers PD patients have not been explored. Therefore, our study investigated the test–retest reliability of COP outcome measures in faller and nonfaller PD patients. Eighty-one PD patients (49 nonfallers and 32 fallers) were recruited for measurement of static balance test. The patients maintained double-leg stance with feet on a force plate as stably as possible. To analyze the test–retest reliability of each COP outcome measures, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) statistical method was performed. Among COP outcome measures, mean velocity had the highest ICC value in faller patients ([Formula: see text]–0.915) and nonfaller patients ([Formula: see text]–0.960). Mean distance had excellent reliability in medio-lateral (ML) direction in both faller patients ([Formula: see text]) and nonfaller patients ([Formula: see text]). Ellipse area had excellent reliability in nonfaller patients ([Formula: see text]), but less reliability in faller patients ([Formula: see text]). Our results demonstrate that objective and quantitative balance assessment method is reliable in PD patients with or without a history of falls. On the other hand, it was not appropriate to use ellipse area to assess postural balance for faller PD patients. Our findings could be useful to develop an optimal balance protocol and apply appropriate COP outcome measures for PD patients.
{"title":"Reliability of Static Balance Test in Faller and Nonfaller Parkinson Disease Patients","authors":"Yu-Ri Kwon, Ji-Won Kim","doi":"10.1142/s0219519423401036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219519423401036","url":null,"abstract":"Little is known about the reliability of center of pressure (COP) variables during static balance test in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Furthermore, reliability studies on fallers and nonfallers PD patients have not been explored. Therefore, our study investigated the test–retest reliability of COP outcome measures in faller and nonfaller PD patients. Eighty-one PD patients (49 nonfallers and 32 fallers) were recruited for measurement of static balance test. The patients maintained double-leg stance with feet on a force plate as stably as possible. To analyze the test–retest reliability of each COP outcome measures, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) statistical method was performed. Among COP outcome measures, mean velocity had the highest ICC value in faller patients ([Formula: see text]–0.915) and nonfaller patients ([Formula: see text]–0.960). Mean distance had excellent reliability in medio-lateral (ML) direction in both faller patients ([Formula: see text]) and nonfaller patients ([Formula: see text]). Ellipse area had excellent reliability in nonfaller patients ([Formula: see text]), but less reliability in faller patients ([Formula: see text]). Our results demonstrate that objective and quantitative balance assessment method is reliable in PD patients with or without a history of falls. On the other hand, it was not appropriate to use ellipse area to assess postural balance for faller PD patients. Our findings could be useful to develop an optimal balance protocol and apply appropriate COP outcome measures for PD patients.","PeriodicalId":50135,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135253229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-07DOI: 10.1142/s0219519423401061
Hojong Choi, Jaemyung Ryu
Current photoacoustic systems face a technical bottleneck in terms of image resolution at the clinical level. Therefore, various methods in the optical system are proposed for improving resolution while processing acoustic signals. To improve the image resolution, a novel optical system design for a telecentric collimator optical system needs to be developed. The telecentric collimator system with three different cases (zoom 1, zoom 2, and zoom 3) was developed with different focal length variances. The designed telecentric collimator optical system can obtain a telecentric angle of 0.3° and maximum diffraction aberration of less than −0.27%. Therefore, we can conclude that a designed telecentric collimator design can be useful for improving the image resolution of the photoacoustic system at the target surface because the designed collimator optical system can provide a very small telecentric angle variance over a wide range.
{"title":"Telecentric Collimator Optical System Design for Photoacoustic System","authors":"Hojong Choi, Jaemyung Ryu","doi":"10.1142/s0219519423401061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219519423401061","url":null,"abstract":"Current photoacoustic systems face a technical bottleneck in terms of image resolution at the clinical level. Therefore, various methods in the optical system are proposed for improving resolution while processing acoustic signals. To improve the image resolution, a novel optical system design for a telecentric collimator optical system needs to be developed. The telecentric collimator system with three different cases (zoom 1, zoom 2, and zoom 3) was developed with different focal length variances. The designed telecentric collimator optical system can obtain a telecentric angle of 0.3° and maximum diffraction aberration of less than −0.27%. Therefore, we can conclude that a designed telecentric collimator design can be useful for improving the image resolution of the photoacoustic system at the target surface because the designed collimator optical system can provide a very small telecentric angle variance over a wide range.","PeriodicalId":50135,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135253226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-07DOI: 10.1142/s0219519423400912
Jin Liu, Yan Jin, Xiaolan Feng, Huixia Huang, Shaoqiong Chang, Hongwei Xu, Xinghua Chen
Background: Chronic primary insomnia (CPI) is a commonly encountered clinical disease, the incidence of which has been rising in recent years. In theoretical contexts, the temperature of acupoints in CPI patients is higher than that in unaffected individuals together with concomitant increases in fatigue index and intracranial arterial velocity. Acupuncture has long been used to treat insomnia, and the sleep three-needle acupuncture (STA) approach represents one promising such treatment for this condition. However, no studies to date have assessed the ability of this technique to lower acupoint temperature values or to improve the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) in treated individuals. Methods: The present exploration is a prospective, randomized, assessor-blind, controlled trial. Totally, 102 adult patients with CPI will be recruited with varying levels of insomnia severity (mild, moderate, severe) and randomized into six equally sized groups. Patients in these groups will then undergo STA together with cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) or CBT alone. Acupuncture will be administered for 30[Formula: see text]min per treatment 2–3 times per week (7 days per cycle) for a maximum of 10 sessions in 4 cycles. All patients underwent CBT for 4 weeks. In addition, 17 patients will be recruited for a healthy control group. Primary outcomes will include acupoint temperature variations and ISI values, while secondary outcomes will include fatigue index values, intracranial arterial velocity, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) values. Discussion: This study aims to test the theory that STA can lower acupoint temperatures and improve ISI values in CPI patients. Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ( http://www.chictr.org.cn ), ID: ChiCTR2100048704. Registered on 13/07/2021.
{"title":"The effects of the sleep three-needle acupuncture technique on acupoint temperature variations in patients with chronic primary insomnia: a research protocol for a randomized controlled trial","authors":"Jin Liu, Yan Jin, Xiaolan Feng, Huixia Huang, Shaoqiong Chang, Hongwei Xu, Xinghua Chen","doi":"10.1142/s0219519423400912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219519423400912","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Chronic primary insomnia (CPI) is a commonly encountered clinical disease, the incidence of which has been rising in recent years. In theoretical contexts, the temperature of acupoints in CPI patients is higher than that in unaffected individuals together with concomitant increases in fatigue index and intracranial arterial velocity. Acupuncture has long been used to treat insomnia, and the sleep three-needle acupuncture (STA) approach represents one promising such treatment for this condition. However, no studies to date have assessed the ability of this technique to lower acupoint temperature values or to improve the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) in treated individuals. Methods: The present exploration is a prospective, randomized, assessor-blind, controlled trial. Totally, 102 adult patients with CPI will be recruited with varying levels of insomnia severity (mild, moderate, severe) and randomized into six equally sized groups. Patients in these groups will then undergo STA together with cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) or CBT alone. Acupuncture will be administered for 30[Formula: see text]min per treatment 2–3 times per week (7 days per cycle) for a maximum of 10 sessions in 4 cycles. All patients underwent CBT for 4 weeks. In addition, 17 patients will be recruited for a healthy control group. Primary outcomes will include acupoint temperature variations and ISI values, while secondary outcomes will include fatigue index values, intracranial arterial velocity, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) values. Discussion: This study aims to test the theory that STA can lower acupoint temperatures and improve ISI values in CPI patients. Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ( http://www.chictr.org.cn ), ID: ChiCTR2100048704. Registered on 13/07/2021.","PeriodicalId":50135,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology","volume":"215 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135251914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-07DOI: 10.1142/s0219519423400857
Monan Wang, Juntong Jing, Qiyou Yang, Pengcheng Li
The musculoskeletal system, containing bones, cartilage, skeletal muscles, tendons, ligaments, and some other tissues, is a perfect system that undergoes the external and internal load properly and controls the body’s motion efficiently. In this system, skeletal muscle is obviously indispensable. People have been studying the mystery of skeletal muscle mechanics for the last 80 years. Many modeling methods have been used to study skeletal muscles. Among these methods, multi-scale modeling methods are increasingly frequently used in studying musculoskeletal systems, especially those of skeletal muscles. In this review, we summarize the multi-scale modeling methods in studying works of skeletal muscle modeling reported so far. Then, several multi-scale methods of other tissues which possibly could be used in research on skeletal muscle modeling are discussed. Finally, the future research direction and the main challenges of multi-scale skeletal muscle modeling are briefly presented.
{"title":"MULTI-SCALE SKELETAL MUSCLE MODELING: A REVIEW","authors":"Monan Wang, Juntong Jing, Qiyou Yang, Pengcheng Li","doi":"10.1142/s0219519423400857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219519423400857","url":null,"abstract":"The musculoskeletal system, containing bones, cartilage, skeletal muscles, tendons, ligaments, and some other tissues, is a perfect system that undergoes the external and internal load properly and controls the body’s motion efficiently. In this system, skeletal muscle is obviously indispensable. People have been studying the mystery of skeletal muscle mechanics for the last 80 years. Many modeling methods have been used to study skeletal muscles. Among these methods, multi-scale modeling methods are increasingly frequently used in studying musculoskeletal systems, especially those of skeletal muscles. In this review, we summarize the multi-scale modeling methods in studying works of skeletal muscle modeling reported so far. Then, several multi-scale methods of other tissues which possibly could be used in research on skeletal muscle modeling are discussed. Finally, the future research direction and the main challenges of multi-scale skeletal muscle modeling are briefly presented.","PeriodicalId":50135,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135251911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-07DOI: 10.1142/s0219519423401073
Fang Li, Siyu Pei, Ziqun Zhang, Fuming Yang
In the current medical image segmentation network, the combination of CNN and Transformer has become a mainstream trend. However, the inherent limitations of convolution operation in CNN and insufficient information interaction in Transformer affect the segmentation performance of the network. To solve these problems, an integrated self-attention and convolution medical image segmentation network (ISC-TransUNet) is proposed in this paper. The network consists of encoder, decoder and jump connection. First, the encoder uses a hybrid structure of BoTNet and Transformer to capture more comprehensive image information and reduce additional computing overhead. Then, the decoder uses an upper sampler cascaded by multiple DUpsampling upper blocks to accurately recover the pixel-level prediction. Finally, the feature fusion of encoder and decoder at different resolutions is realized by ResPath jump connection, which reduces the semantic difference between encoder and decoder. Through experiments on the Synapse multi-organ segmentation dataset, compared with the baseline model TransUNet, Dice similarity coefficient of ISC-TransUNet was improved by 1.13%, Hausdorff distance was reduced by 2.38%, and weight was maintained. The experimental results show that the network can effectively segment tissues and organs in medical images, which has important theoretical significance and application value for intelligent clinical diagnosis and treatment.
{"title":"ISC-Transunet: Medical Image Segmentation Network Based on the Integration of Self-Attention and Convolution","authors":"Fang Li, Siyu Pei, Ziqun Zhang, Fuming Yang","doi":"10.1142/s0219519423401073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219519423401073","url":null,"abstract":"In the current medical image segmentation network, the combination of CNN and Transformer has become a mainstream trend. However, the inherent limitations of convolution operation in CNN and insufficient information interaction in Transformer affect the segmentation performance of the network. To solve these problems, an integrated self-attention and convolution medical image segmentation network (ISC-TransUNet) is proposed in this paper. The network consists of encoder, decoder and jump connection. First, the encoder uses a hybrid structure of BoTNet and Transformer to capture more comprehensive image information and reduce additional computing overhead. Then, the decoder uses an upper sampler cascaded by multiple DUpsampling upper blocks to accurately recover the pixel-level prediction. Finally, the feature fusion of encoder and decoder at different resolutions is realized by ResPath jump connection, which reduces the semantic difference between encoder and decoder. Through experiments on the Synapse multi-organ segmentation dataset, compared with the baseline model TransUNet, Dice similarity coefficient of ISC-TransUNet was improved by 1.13%, Hausdorff distance was reduced by 2.38%, and weight was maintained. The experimental results show that the network can effectively segment tissues and organs in medical images, which has important theoretical significance and application value for intelligent clinical diagnosis and treatment.","PeriodicalId":50135,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135253225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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