Ethan Wyke, Abuenameh Aiyejina, Roger Andrews, Andrew D. Greentree
In this paper, the theory of the transfer efficiency of a light-harvesting system consisting of a trimer ring coupled to an acceptor site is presented. When the ring has a prepared excitation or is excited using a laser pulse, the maximum transfer efficiency is approximately 0.5, while a near-perfect transfer efficiency is generated by a single photon. The near-perfect efficiency results from the creation of a dark state by the photon, which suppresses the effect of spontaneous decay from the donor.
{"title":"Transfer efficiency in a pulsed light-harvesting trimer system","authors":"Ethan Wyke, Abuenameh Aiyejina, Roger Andrews, Andrew D. Greentree","doi":"10.1364/josab.523925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/josab.523925","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the theory of the transfer efficiency of a light-harvesting system consisting of a trimer ring coupled to an acceptor site is presented. When the ring has a prepared excitation or is excited using a laser pulse, the maximum transfer efficiency is approximately 0.5, while a near-perfect transfer efficiency is generated by a single photon. The near-perfect efficiency results from the creation of a dark state by the photon, which suppresses the effect of spontaneous decay from the donor.","PeriodicalId":501621,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Optical Society of America B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141866976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lora Ramunno, Esben Witting Larsen, Nan Lin, Amelle Zaïr
The emerging field of high harmonic generation in condensed matter systems lies at the confluence of strong-field physics, ultrafast optics, and nanotechnology and offers numerous avenues for fundamental research and applications. The goals of this JOSA B feature issue on high harmonic generation in condensed and engineered materials are to facilitate interaction between the different communities and to provide an up-to-date snapshot of the current status of this rapidly developing interdisciplinary field at the frontier of condensed materials and ultrafast physics.
凝聚态物质系统中的高次谐波发生这一新兴领域位于强场物理学、超快光学和纳米技术的交汇处，为基础研究和应用提供了众多途径。本期 JOSA B 特刊的主题是 "凝聚态和工程材料中的高次谐波发生"，其目的是促进不同社区之间的互动，并为这一凝聚态材料和超快物理学前沿的快速发展的跨学科领域的现状提供最新快照。
{"title":"High harmonic generation in condensed and engineered materials: introduction","authors":"Lora Ramunno, Esben Witting Larsen, Nan Lin, Amelle Zaïr","doi":"10.1364/josab.531574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/josab.531574","url":null,"abstract":"The emerging field of high harmonic generation in condensed matter systems lies at the confluence of strong-field physics, ultrafast optics, and nanotechnology and offers numerous avenues for fundamental research and applications. The goals of this JOSA B feature issue on high harmonic generation in condensed and engineered materials are to facilitate interaction between the different communities and to provide an up-to-date snapshot of the current status of this rapidly developing interdisciplinary field at the frontier of condensed materials and ultrafast physics.","PeriodicalId":501621,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Optical Society of America B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141866979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Non-Gaussian quantum states, described by negative-valued Wigner functions, are important for both fundamental tests of quantum physics and for emerging quantum information technologies. One of the promising ways of generating a non-Gaussian state from a coherent one is the use of cubic (Kerr) optical nonlinearity, which produces the characteristic banana-like shape of the resulting quantum states. However, the Kerr effect is weak in highly transparent optical materials (dimensionless nonlinearity parameter Γ≲10−6). Therefore, a big number of the photons in the optical mode (n≳106) is necessary to generate an observable non-Gaussianity. In this case, the direct approach to calculation of the Wigner function becomes extremely computationally expensive. In this work, we develop quick algorithms for computing the Husimi and Wigner quasi-probability functions of these non-Gaussian states by means of the Kerr nonlinearity. This algorithm can be used for any realistic values of the photon numbers and the nonlinearity.
{"title":"Effective algorithms for calculation of quasi-probability distributions of bright “banana” states","authors":"Boulat Nougmanov","doi":"10.1364/josab.524387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/josab.524387","url":null,"abstract":"Non-Gaussian quantum states, described by negative-valued Wigner functions, are important for both fundamental tests of quantum physics and for emerging quantum information technologies. One of the promising ways of generating a non-Gaussian state from a coherent one is the use of cubic (Kerr) optical nonlinearity, which produces the characteristic banana-like shape of the resulting quantum states. However, the Kerr effect is weak in highly transparent optical materials (dimensionless nonlinearity parameter Γ≲10<jats:sup>−6</jats:sup>). Therefore, a big number of the photons in the optical mode (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic>≳10<jats:sup>6</jats:sup>) is necessary to generate an observable non-Gaussianity. In this case, the direct approach to calculation of the Wigner function becomes extremely computationally expensive. In this work, we develop quick algorithms for computing the Husimi and Wigner quasi-probability functions of these non-Gaussian states by means of the Kerr nonlinearity. This algorithm can be used for any realistic values of the photon numbers and the nonlinearity.","PeriodicalId":501621,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Optical Society of America B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141866978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, we combined spiral zone plates and gratings using a logical XOR operation, designing a new optical element called the composited modified spiral zone plate grating (CMSZPG), which can generate multiple focused vortices on the same focal plane. The parameters of the CMSZPG are optimized using a genetic algorithm, which enables the generation of equal intensity vortex beams without the complexity of manual adjustments, thereby reducing workload. The theoretical feasibility of this component has been validated through simulations and experiments. The CMSZPG can generate multiple equal intensity vortex beams, which have potential applications in light trapping and optical imaging fields.
{"title":"Optimal design of confocal plane equal intensity optical elements based on a genetic algorithm","authors":"Yabin Cao, Jianing Liu, Lei Zhou, Liang Zhong, Huajun Yang, Ping Jiang","doi":"10.1364/josab.524930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/josab.524930","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we combined spiral zone plates and gratings using a logical XOR operation, designing a new optical element called the composited modified spiral zone plate grating (CMSZPG), which can generate multiple focused vortices on the same focal plane. The parameters of the CMSZPG are optimized using a genetic algorithm, which enables the generation of equal intensity vortex beams without the complexity of manual adjustments, thereby reducing workload. The theoretical feasibility of this component has been validated through simulations and experiments. The CMSZPG can generate multiple equal intensity vortex beams, which have potential applications in light trapping and optical imaging fields.","PeriodicalId":501621,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Optical Society of America B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141866977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We develop methods to find the limits to finite-time single photon extraction from emitter-cavity systems. We first establish analytic upper and lower bounds on the maximum extraction probability from a canonical Λ-system before developing a numeric method to optimize generic output probabilities from Λ-systems generalized to multiple ground states. We use these methods to study the limits to finite-time photon extraction and the wavepackets that satisfy them, finding that using an optimized wavepacket ranging between a sinusoidal and exponentially decaying profile can considerably reduce photon duration for a given extraction efficiency. We further optimize the rates of quantum protocols requiring emitter-photon correlation to obtain driving-independent conclusions about the effect of system parameters on success probability. We believe that these results and methods will provide valuable tools and insights for the development of cavity-based single photon sources combining high efficiency and high rate.
{"title":"Optimizing finite-time photon extraction from emitter-cavity systems","authors":"W. J. Hughes, J. F. Goodwin, P. Horak","doi":"10.1364/josab.523924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/josab.523924","url":null,"abstract":"We develop methods to find the limits to finite-time single photon extraction from emitter-cavity systems. We first establish analytic upper and lower bounds on the maximum extraction probability from a canonical Λ-system before developing a numeric method to optimize generic output probabilities from Λ-systems generalized to multiple ground states. We use these methods to study the limits to finite-time photon extraction and the wavepackets that satisfy them, finding that using an optimized wavepacket ranging between a sinusoidal and exponentially decaying profile can considerably reduce photon duration for a given extraction efficiency. We further optimize the rates of quantum protocols requiring emitter-photon correlation to obtain driving-independent conclusions about the effect of system parameters on success probability. We believe that these results and methods will provide valuable tools and insights for the development of cavity-based single photon sources combining high efficiency and high rate.","PeriodicalId":501621,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Optical Society of America B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141866975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We explore the statistical behavior of the light emanating from a coherently driven Jaynes–Cummings (JC) oscillator operating in the regime of multiphoton blockade with two monitored output channels causing the loss of coherence at equal rates. We do so by adopting an operational approach that draws the particle and wave aspects of the forward-scattered radiation together, building upon the relationship between quantum optical correlation functions and conditional measurements. We first derive an analytical expression of the intensity cross-correlation function at the peak of the two-photon JC resonance to demonstrate the breakdown of detailed balance. The application of the quantum trajectory theory in parallel with the quantum regression formula subsequently uncovers various aspects of temporal asymmetry in the quantum fluctuations characterizing the cascaded process through which a multiphoton resonance is established and read out. We find that monitoring different quadratures of the cavity field in conditional homodyne detection affects the times waited between successive photon counter “clicks,” which in turn trigger the sampling of the homodyne current. Despite the fact that the steady-state cavity occupation is of the order of a photon, monitoring of the developing bimodality also impacts the ratio between the emissions directed along the two decoherence channels.
{"title":"Quantum-fluctuation asymmetry in multiphoton Jaynes–Cummings resonances","authors":"Th. K. Mavrogordatos","doi":"10.1364/josab.523720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/josab.523720","url":null,"abstract":"We explore the statistical behavior of the light emanating from a coherently driven Jaynes–Cummings (JC) oscillator operating in the regime of multiphoton blockade with two monitored output channels causing the loss of coherence at equal rates. We do so by adopting an operational approach that draws the particle and wave aspects of the forward-scattered radiation together, building upon the relationship between quantum optical correlation functions and conditional measurements. We first derive an analytical expression of the intensity cross-correlation function at the peak of the two-photon JC resonance to demonstrate the breakdown of detailed balance. The application of the quantum trajectory theory in parallel with the quantum regression formula subsequently uncovers various aspects of temporal asymmetry in the quantum fluctuations characterizing the cascaded process through which a multiphoton resonance is established and read out. We find that monitoring different quadratures of the cavity field in conditional homodyne detection affects the times waited between successive photon counter “clicks,” which in turn trigger the sampling of the homodyne current. Despite the fact that the steady-state cavity occupation is of the order of a photon, monitoring of the developing bimodality also impacts the ratio between the emissions directed along the two decoherence channels.","PeriodicalId":501621,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Optical Society of America B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141866882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Romain Calviac, Antoine Monmayrant, Pascal Dubreuil, Laurent Mazenq, Samuel Charlot, Alexandre Gauguet, Baptiste Allard, Olivier Gauthier-Lafaye
We present a design strategy for grating magneto-optical traps (GMOTs). It takes the three most relevant optical properties for laser cooling (radiation pressure balance, specular reflection cancellation, and diffracted polarization) to build a scalar figure of merit. We use a rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA) simulation to find a geometry that maximizes this figure of merit. We also introduce a criterion that takes into account the robustness of the manufacturing processes to select a geometry that is reliable to manufacture. Finally, we demonstrate that the fabricated grating exhibits the expected optical properties and achieves typical GMOT performance.
{"title":"Grating design methodology for laser cooling","authors":"Romain Calviac, Antoine Monmayrant, Pascal Dubreuil, Laurent Mazenq, Samuel Charlot, Alexandre Gauguet, Baptiste Allard, Olivier Gauthier-Lafaye","doi":"10.1364/josab.519552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/josab.519552","url":null,"abstract":"We present a design strategy for grating magneto-optical traps (GMOTs). It takes the three most relevant optical properties for laser cooling (radiation pressure balance, specular reflection cancellation, and diffracted polarization) to build a scalar figure of merit. We use a rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA) simulation to find a geometry that maximizes this figure of merit. We also introduce a criterion that takes into account the robustness of the manufacturing processes to select a geometry that is reliable to manufacture. Finally, we demonstrate that the fabricated grating exhibits the expected optical properties and achieves typical GMOT performance.","PeriodicalId":501621,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Optical Society of America B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141866981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this work, a multifunctional and bidirectional tunable terahertz (THz) device for polarization conversion and absorption is proposed. The device can modulate both forward and backward incident electromagnetic waves. When x/y-polarized and circularly polarized (CP) waves are backward incident, the polarization conversion rate (PCR) exceeds 90% in the range of 0.69–1.62 THz with a relative bandwidth of 80.5%. The ellipticity reaches 1 at 0.65 THz and 1.64 THz. When u/v-polarized and CP waves are forward incident, PCR exceeds 90% in the frequency range of 1.71–3.07 THz with a relative bandwidth of 56.9%. The absolute ellipticity values reach 1 at 0.86 THz, 1.1 THz, and 1.63 THz. When the forward incident wave is x-polarized, the device exhibits absorption rates of 98.9% at 0.96 THz and 97.7% at 1.67 THz. Meanwhile, linear dichroism reaches 0.75 at 0.96 THz. Importantly, all functions can be turned on or off by the carrier density of black phosphorus. The proposed device has potential applications in detection, sensors, imaging, and multifunctional terahertz systems.
{"title":"Multifunctional and bidirectional tunable terahertz device for polarization conversion and absorption based on black phosphorus","authors":"Zhe Chen, Zhonghua Chen, Haowen Tang, Jia Fu, Tao Shen, Hui Zhang","doi":"10.1364/josab.525490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/josab.525490","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, a multifunctional and bidirectional tunable terahertz (THz) device for polarization conversion and absorption is proposed. The device can modulate both forward and backward incident electromagnetic waves. When <jats:italic>x</jats:italic>/<jats:italic>y</jats:italic>-polarized and circularly polarized (CP) waves are backward incident, the polarization conversion rate (PCR) exceeds 90% in the range of 0.69–1.62 THz with a relative bandwidth of 80.5%. The ellipticity reaches 1 at 0.65 THz and 1.64 THz. When <jats:italic>u</jats:italic>/<jats:italic>v</jats:italic>-polarized and CP waves are forward incident, PCR exceeds 90% in the frequency range of 1.71–3.07 THz with a relative bandwidth of 56.9%. The absolute ellipticity values reach 1 at 0.86 THz, 1.1 THz, and 1.63 THz. When the forward incident wave is <jats:italic>x</jats:italic>-polarized, the device exhibits absorption rates of 98.9% at 0.96 THz and 97.7% at 1.67 THz. Meanwhile, linear dichroism reaches 0.75 at 0.96 THz. Importantly, all functions can be turned on or off by the carrier density of black phosphorus. The proposed device has potential applications in detection, sensors, imaging, and multifunctional terahertz systems.","PeriodicalId":501621,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Optical Society of America B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141866982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Victor Rueskov Christiansen, Mads Middelhede Lund, Fan Yang, Klaus Mølmer
The Jaynes-Cummings model provides a simple and accurate description of the interaction between a two-level quantum emitter and a single mode of quantum radiation. Due to the multimode continuum of eigenmodes in free space and in waveguides, the Jaynes-Cummings model should not be expected to properly describe the interaction between an emitter and a traveling pulse of quantum radiation. In this article, we review a cascaded quantum system approach that accurately describes the interaction of a quantum system with an incident quantum pulse of radiation. When applied to the two-level system, different iterations of this approach lead to master equations with different Jaynes-Cummings-like Hamiltonians and damping terms.
{"title":"Jaynes-Cummings interaction with a traveling light pulse","authors":"Victor Rueskov Christiansen, Mads Middelhede Lund, Fan Yang, Klaus Mølmer","doi":"10.1364/josab.523292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/josab.523292","url":null,"abstract":"The Jaynes-Cummings model provides a simple and accurate description of the interaction between a two-level quantum emitter and a single mode of quantum radiation. Due to the multimode continuum of eigenmodes in free space and in waveguides, the Jaynes-Cummings model should not be expected to properly describe the interaction between an emitter and a traveling pulse of quantum radiation. In this article, we review a cascaded quantum system approach that accurately describes the interaction of a quantum system with an incident quantum pulse of radiation. When applied to the two-level system, different iterations of this approach lead to master equations with different Jaynes-Cummings-like Hamiltonians and damping terms.","PeriodicalId":501621,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Optical Society of America B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141866980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fabio Sant Anna Cuppo, Angela Rocio Santisteban, Antonio Martins Figueiredo Neto
{"title":"Nonlinear optical responses of native and oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein solutions at visible and Infra-Red wavelengths","authors":"Fabio Sant Anna Cuppo, Angela Rocio Santisteban, Antonio Martins Figueiredo Neto","doi":"10.1364/josab.514786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/josab.514786","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":501621,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Optical Society of America B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141100567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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