Plasmonic nanostructures are actively investigated for their optical properties and for a wide range of applications in nanophotonics, biosensing, photocatalysis, hot carrier physics, and advanced cancer therapies. The localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) can be excited in gold or silver nanoparticles or in more complex nanostructures and gives rise to a wide range of unique optical properties. It is often critical to be able to localize individual plasmonic nanoparticles and simultaneously measure their spectrum. This is known as hyperspectral microscopy. In this tutorial, we describe and carefully explain how to achieve this goal with an optical microscope equipped with a dark-field objective and an optical spectrometer. The images and the scattering spectra of spherical gold nanoparticles with diameters of 90, 70, 50, and 25 nm are recorded. We compare them with the scattering spectra predicted with the Mie formula (LSPR peaks measured at 553, 541, 535, and 534 nm, respectively). The optical images are limited by the diffraction, and this is discussed in the framework of the Abbe equation. We also describe a strategy to easily correlate the optical images with atomic force microscope images of the samples. This allows us to precisely relate the morphology of the nanoparticles with their optical images, their color, and their optical spectrum. The case of non-spherical nanostructures, namely, dimers of nanoparticles, is also discussed. This approach allows a relatively low-cost setup and efficient characterization method that will be helpful for teachers who want to introduce their students to the wide topics of plasmonics. This will also be useful for labs seeking an affordable method to investigate the plasmonic properties of single nanostructures.
{"title":"Hyperspectral dark-field optical microscopy correlated to atomic force microscopy for the analysis of single plasmonic nanoparticles: tutorial","authors":"Claire Abadie, Mingyang Liu, Yoann Prado, Olivier Pluchery","doi":"10.1364/josab.523547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/josab.523547","url":null,"abstract":"Plasmonic nanostructures are actively investigated for their optical properties and for a wide range of applications in nanophotonics, biosensing, photocatalysis, hot carrier physics, and advanced cancer therapies. The localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) can be excited in gold or silver nanoparticles or in more complex nanostructures and gives rise to a wide range of unique optical properties. It is often critical to be able to localize individual plasmonic nanoparticles and simultaneously measure their spectrum. This is known as hyperspectral microscopy. In this tutorial, we describe and carefully explain how to achieve this goal with an optical microscope equipped with a dark-field objective and an optical spectrometer. The images and the scattering spectra of spherical gold nanoparticles with diameters of 90, 70, 50, and 25 nm are recorded. We compare them with the scattering spectra predicted with the Mie formula (LSPR peaks measured at 553, 541, 535, and 534 nm, respectively). The optical images are limited by the diffraction, and this is discussed in the framework of the Abbe equation. We also describe a strategy to easily correlate the optical images with atomic force microscope images of the samples. This allows us to precisely relate the morphology of the nanoparticles with their optical images, their color, and their optical spectrum. The case of non-spherical nanostructures, namely, dimers of nanoparticles, is also discussed. This approach allows a relatively low-cost setup and efficient characterization method that will be helpful for teachers who want to introduce their students to the wide topics of plasmonics. This will also be useful for labs seeking an affordable method to investigate the plasmonic properties of single nanostructures.","PeriodicalId":501621,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Optical Society of America B","volume":"148 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141866954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
TianTian Meng, YuZhen Wei, Hong Chen, Xu Huang, Min Jiang
In this paper, we propose one multi-hop fault-tolerant teleportation scheme leveraging non-maximally entangled cluster states as the quantum channel, which is crucial for efficient transmission over extended distances. During quantum communication, environmental noise may introduce operational errors between adjacent nodes. In order to uphold the maximum transmission efficiency, error correction operations are exclusively conducted by the ultimate receiver rather than intermediate nodes. Error outcomes from each node can be synchronously relayed to the receiver via the classical channel, effectively diminishing the delays and operational intricacies, thereby significantly bolstering the transmission efficiency. Moreover, we utilize the Quirk simulation software to simulate the teleportation process.
{"title":"Multi-hop fault-tolerant teleportation of arbitrary two-qubit states with cluster channel","authors":"TianTian Meng, YuZhen Wei, Hong Chen, Xu Huang, Min Jiang","doi":"10.1364/josab.523965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/josab.523965","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we propose one multi-hop fault-tolerant teleportation scheme leveraging non-maximally entangled cluster states as the quantum channel, which is crucial for efficient transmission over extended distances. During quantum communication, environmental noise may introduce operational errors between adjacent nodes. In order to uphold the maximum transmission efficiency, error correction operations are exclusively conducted by the ultimate receiver rather than intermediate nodes. Error outcomes from each node can be synchronously relayed to the receiver via the classical channel, effectively diminishing the delays and operational intricacies, thereby significantly bolstering the transmission efficiency. Moreover, we utilize the Quirk simulation software to simulate the teleportation process.","PeriodicalId":501621,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Optical Society of America B","volume":"206 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141866955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Albert Mathew, Sergey Kruk, Shunsuke Yamada, Kazuhiro Yabana, Anatoli Kheifets
High-order harmonics generation (HHG) is the only process that enables tabletop-sized sources of extreme ultraviolet (XUV) light. The HHG process typically involves light interactions with gases or plasma––material phases that hinder wider adoption of such sources. This motivates the research in HHG from nanostructured solids. Here, we employ the time-dependent density function theory (TDDFT) to investigate material platforms for HHG at the nanoscale using first-principles supercomputer simulations. We reveal that wide bandgap semiconductors, aluminum nitride (AlN) and silicon nitride (Si3N4), are highly promising for XUV light generation when compared to silicon, one of the most common nonlinear nanophotonic materials. In our calculations, we assume excitation with a 100 fs pulse duration, 1×1013W/cm2 peak power, and 800 nm central wavelength. We demonstrate that in AlN material the interplay between the crystal symmetry and the incident light direction and polarization can enable the generation of both even and odd harmonics. Our results should advance the development of high-harmonics generation of XUV light from nanostructured solids.
{"title":"First-principles simulations of high-order harmonics generation in thin films of wide bandgap materials [Invited]","authors":"Albert Mathew, Sergey Kruk, Shunsuke Yamada, Kazuhiro Yabana, Anatoli Kheifets","doi":"10.1364/josab.512444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/josab.512444","url":null,"abstract":"High-order harmonics generation (HHG) is the only process that enables tabletop-sized sources of extreme ultraviolet (XUV) light. The HHG process typically involves light interactions with gases or plasma––material phases that hinder wider adoption of such sources. This motivates the research in HHG from nanostructured solids. Here, we employ the time-dependent density function theory (TDDFT) to investigate material platforms for HHG at the nanoscale using first-principles supercomputer simulations. We reveal that wide bandgap semiconductors, aluminum nitride (AlN) and silicon nitride (Si<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>N<jats:sub>4</jats:sub>), are highly promising for XUV light generation when compared to silicon, one of the most common nonlinear nanophotonic materials. In our calculations, we assume excitation with a 100 fs pulse duration, 1×10<jats:sup>13</jats:sup>W/cm<jats:sup>2</jats:sup> peak power, and 800 nm central wavelength. We demonstrate that in AlN material the interplay between the crystal symmetry and the incident light direction and polarization can enable the generation of both even and odd harmonics. Our results should advance the development of high-harmonics generation of XUV light from nanostructured solids.","PeriodicalId":501621,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Optical Society of America B","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141866958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optical solitons in multimode fibers were predicted 40 years ago and extensively investigated theoretically. Transmission experiments in nonlinear multimode fibers have gained renewed interest, motivated by their potential to extend the capacity of long-distance transmission systems; only in the last few years, new experiments have revealed unexpected properties of optical solitons propagating in graded-index and step-index multimode fibers, partially re-writing the existing theory. Here we provide an overview of the recent experimental, numerical, and theoretical studies that revealed those new properties. It will be shown that multimode fiber solitons form with specific pulse width and energy dependent on the wavelength, and that they naturally evolve toward fundamental-mode Raman solitons. New soliton fission mechanisms, governed by the modal dispersion, will be explained. Possible applications in space-division multiplexed systems will be discussed. A recent thermodynamic approach to soliton condensation will be described.
{"title":"Optical solitons in multimode fibers: recent advances","authors":"Mario Zitelli","doi":"10.1364/josab.528242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/josab.528242","url":null,"abstract":"Optical solitons in multimode fibers were predicted 40 years ago and extensively investigated theoretically. Transmission experiments in nonlinear multimode fibers have gained renewed interest, motivated by their potential to extend the capacity of long-distance transmission systems; only in the last few years, new experiments have revealed unexpected properties of optical solitons propagating in graded-index and step-index multimode fibers, partially re-writing the existing theory. Here we provide an overview of the recent experimental, numerical, and theoretical studies that revealed those new properties. It will be shown that multimode fiber solitons form with specific pulse width and energy dependent on the wavelength, and that they naturally evolve toward fundamental-mode Raman solitons. New soliton fission mechanisms, governed by the modal dispersion, will be explained. Possible applications in space-division multiplexed systems will be discussed. A recent thermodynamic approach to soliton condensation will be described.","PeriodicalId":501621,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Optical Society of America B","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141866968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daniele De Bernardis, Alberto Mercurio, Simone De Liberato
In this tutorial review, we briefly discuss the role that the Jaynes–Cummings model occupies in present-day research in cavity quantum electrodynamics with a particular focus on the so-called ultrastrong-coupling regime. We start by critically analyzing the various approximations required to distill such a simple model from standard quantum electrodynamics. We then discuss how many of those approximations can be, and often have been, broken in recent experiments. The consequence of these failures has been the need to abandon the Jaynes–Cummings model for more complex models. In this, the quantum Rabi model has the most prominent role, and we will rapidly survey its rich and peculiar phenomenology. We conclude the paper by showing how the Jaynes–Cummings model still plays a crucial role even in nonperturbative light–matter coupling regimes.
{"title":"Tutorial on nonperturbative cavity quantum electrodynamics: is the Jaynes–Cummings model still relevant?","authors":"Daniele De Bernardis, Alberto Mercurio, Simone De Liberato","doi":"10.1364/josab.522786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/josab.522786","url":null,"abstract":"In this tutorial review, we briefly discuss the role that the Jaynes–Cummings model occupies in present-day research in cavity quantum electrodynamics with a particular focus on the so-called ultrastrong-coupling regime. We start by critically analyzing the various approximations required to distill such a simple model from standard quantum electrodynamics. We then discuss how many of those approximations can be, and often have been, broken in recent experiments. The consequence of these failures has been the need to abandon the Jaynes–Cummings model for more complex models. In this, the quantum Rabi model has the most prominent role, and we will rapidly survey its rich and peculiar phenomenology. We conclude the paper by showing how the Jaynes–Cummings model still plays a crucial role even in nonperturbative light–matter coupling regimes.","PeriodicalId":501621,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Optical Society of America B","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141866969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ultrastrong coupling (USC) in the quantum Rabi model, characterized by the breakdown of the rotating-wave approximation (RWA), has emerged as a topic of considerable interest and study. This critical reevaluation of the validity of the RWA concludes that the accepted definition of USC in terms of a fixed ratio of coupling to field frequency is inadequate. Connecting an improved spectral validity criterion with the derivation of the semiclassical limit suggests that the dynamical validity of the quantum RWA should be linked to that of the corresponding semiclassical model. This, however, is not supported by numerical calculations of coherent-state dynamics, which unambiguously demonstrate that spectral validity does not imply dynamical validity and reveal surprisingly complicated dependence on coupling and field amplitude.
{"title":"Spectral and dynamical validity of the rotating-wave approximation in the quantum and semiclassical Rabi models [Invited]","authors":"H. F. A. Coleman, E. K. Twyeffort","doi":"10.1364/josab.524837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/josab.524837","url":null,"abstract":"Ultrastrong coupling (USC) in the quantum Rabi model, characterized by the breakdown of the rotating-wave approximation (RWA), has emerged as a topic of considerable interest and study. This critical reevaluation of the validity of the RWA concludes that the accepted definition of USC in terms of a fixed ratio of coupling to field frequency is inadequate. Connecting an improved spectral validity criterion with the derivation of the semiclassical limit suggests that the dynamical validity of the quantum RWA should be linked to that of the corresponding semiclassical model. This, however, is not supported by numerical calculations of coherent-state dynamics, which unambiguously demonstrate that spectral validity does not imply dynamical validity and reveal surprisingly complicated dependence on coupling and field amplitude.","PeriodicalId":501621,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Optical Society of America B","volume":"278 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141866970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Calculation of the beam shape coefficients (BSCs) is crucial in analyzing the interaction between the shaped beam and spherical particle. In this paper, the radial quadrature method is used to formulate the BSCs of the Laguerre–Gaussian beam. The expressions of the BSCs for the Laguerre–Gaussian beam are obtained in terms of integrals, infinite series, and FS. It is proved that the FS expressions of the BSCs are the same as those achieved in the FS technique. The validity of the BSCs is numerically checked in the BSC calculation and the beam’s reconstruction. It is concluded that the infinite series expressions of the radial quadrature BSCs are efficient and reliable.
{"title":"Radial quadrature method for evaluating the beam shape coefficients of the Laguerre–Gaussian beam","authors":"Mengyang Wang, Siqi Tang, Jianqi Shen","doi":"10.1364/josab.525649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/josab.525649","url":null,"abstract":"Calculation of the beam shape coefficients (BSCs) is crucial in analyzing the interaction between the shaped beam and spherical particle. In this paper, the radial quadrature method is used to formulate the BSCs of the Laguerre–Gaussian beam. The expressions of the BSCs for the Laguerre–Gaussian beam are obtained in terms of integrals, infinite series, and FS. It is proved that the FS expressions of the BSCs are the same as those achieved in the FS technique. The validity of the BSCs is numerically checked in the BSC calculation and the beam’s reconstruction. It is concluded that the infinite series expressions of the radial quadrature BSCs are efficient and reliable.","PeriodicalId":501621,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Optical Society of America B","volume":"206 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141866973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ultralow-threshold laser emission from a neodymium-doped silica toroidal microcavity is theoretically analyzed and experimentally demonstrated, along with the detailed analysis and compensation of the thermo-optic effect in this microlaser system. The threshold power and slope efficiency of microlaser emission are derived based on coupled-mode theory and analytic formulas, associated with the demonstration of their dependence on neodymium ion concentration and the quality factor of the microtoroid. In the experiment, a single-mode laser and multi-mode laser with threshold power as low as 1.6 µW at the wavelength of 1064 nm band are obtained via changing the coupling condition of the cavity-tapered fiber system, resonant pump wavelength, and pump power, respectively. The single-mode laser emission at the 910 nm band is also realized with the threshold power of about 108.5 µW. Furthermore, considering the potential application, non-resonant pumping for the laser emission at the 1064 nm band is characterized with threshold power of 137 µW due to the influence of the thermo-optic effect and low slope efficiency of non-resonant pumping. By coating UV-glue with a negative thermo-optic coefficient on the microtoroid surface, the compensation of the thermo-optic effect of the microtoroid is analyzed theoretically, which on the other hand can also be used for the potential application of high-sensitivity temperature sensing with sensitivity of −0.138nm/∘C.
{"title":"Experimental neodymium-doped microlaser with theoretical analysis of the thermo-optic effect","authors":"Huibo Fan, Xinrui Chen, Huili Fan, Arui Wang, Ruijuan Chang","doi":"10.1364/josab.524249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/josab.524249","url":null,"abstract":"Ultralow-threshold laser emission from a neodymium-doped silica toroidal microcavity is theoretically analyzed and experimentally demonstrated, along with the detailed analysis and compensation of the thermo-optic effect in this microlaser system. The threshold power and slope efficiency of microlaser emission are derived based on coupled-mode theory and analytic formulas, associated with the demonstration of their dependence on neodymium ion concentration and the quality factor of the microtoroid. In the experiment, a single-mode laser and multi-mode laser with threshold power as low as 1.6 µW at the wavelength of 1064 nm band are obtained via changing the coupling condition of the cavity-tapered fiber system, resonant pump wavelength, and pump power, respectively. The single-mode laser emission at the 910 nm band is also realized with the threshold power of about 108.5 µW. Furthermore, considering the potential application, non-resonant pumping for the laser emission at the 1064 nm band is characterized with threshold power of 137 µW due to the influence of the thermo-optic effect and low slope efficiency of non-resonant pumping. By coating UV-glue with a negative thermo-optic coefficient on the microtoroid surface, the compensation of the thermo-optic effect of the microtoroid is analyzed theoretically, which on the other hand can also be used for the potential application of high-sensitivity temperature sensing with sensitivity of −0.138nm/<jats:sup>∘</jats:sup>C.","PeriodicalId":501621,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Optical Society of America B","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141866972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abuenameh Aiyejina, Ethan Wyke, Roger Andrews, Andrew D. Greentree
We derive and simulate the wavefunctions and double-excitation probabilities for dimer and trimer three-level systems. Perfect state transfer occurs for pulse strengths that are odd multiples of π/2 when the parameter Jt equals odd multiples of π/2 and π/2 for the dimer and trimer, respectively. Near-perfect state transfer with a single photon occurred for photon coupling strength g=2J when Jt=1.99,19.87 in the dimer and Jt=2.62,25.51 in the trimer. The nature of perfect state transfer is due to localization and transfer of double excitations for given pulse strengths and times.
{"title":"Double-excitation transfer in dimer and trimer three-level systems using laser pulses and single photons","authors":"Abuenameh Aiyejina, Ethan Wyke, Roger Andrews, Andrew D. Greentree","doi":"10.1364/josab.523990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/josab.523990","url":null,"abstract":"We derive and simulate the wavefunctions and double-excitation probabilities for dimer and trimer three-level systems. Perfect state transfer occurs for pulse strengths that are odd multiples of <jats:italic>π</jats:italic>/2 when the parameter Jt equals odd multiples of <jats:italic>π</jats:italic>/2 and <jats:italic>π</jats:italic>/2 for the dimer and trimer, respectively. Near-perfect state transfer with a single photon occurred for photon coupling strength <jats:italic>g</jats:italic>=2<jats:italic>J</jats:italic> when Jt=1.99,19.87 in the dimer and Jt=2.62,25.51 in the trimer. The nature of perfect state transfer is due to localization and transfer of double excitations for given pulse strengths and times.","PeriodicalId":501621,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Optical Society of America B","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141866971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. V. Maslennikov, V. Yu. Shishkov, E. S. Andrianov
The problems concerning the influence of spectral filters on the quantum properties of light have recently attracted great attention in connection with quantum cryptography and quantum data transmission. In this paper, we consider the influence of a spectral filter on the second-order coherence function of a field of a resonator mode and a two-level atom in the framework of the Jaynes-Cummings model. Since the Heisenberg equations for the operators of the field of the resonator mode and the atom can be solved exactly, it is possible to obtain exact analytical Fourier transformation of the dynamics of operators of the resonator mode and two-level atom. We demonstrate that the second-order coherence function of the resonator mode and the two-level atom is equal to zero for all possible frequencies in the spectrum of operator oscillations. We find the interbeam second-order coherence function between different frequencies of the Fourier spectrum and show that in the limit of a large number of quanta, it can take the values in the range from zero to two. Thus, non-classical correlations are formed between certain frequencies in the Fourier spectrum of emitted light. We demonstrate that in the limit of a large number of quanta in the resonator mode, when the filter sums up the frequencies near the resonator eigenfrequency, the second-order coherence function of the field of the resonator mode is not affected by the interaction with the two-level atom.
{"title":"Non-classical correlations of light in the Jaynes-Cummings model","authors":"D. V. Maslennikov, V. Yu. Shishkov, E. S. Andrianov","doi":"10.1364/josab.523919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/josab.523919","url":null,"abstract":"The problems concerning the influence of spectral filters on the quantum properties of light have recently attracted great attention in connection with quantum cryptography and quantum data transmission. In this paper, we consider the influence of a spectral filter on the second-order coherence function of a field of a resonator mode and a two-level atom in the framework of the Jaynes-Cummings model. Since the Heisenberg equations for the operators of the field of the resonator mode and the atom can be solved exactly, it is possible to obtain exact analytical Fourier transformation of the dynamics of operators of the resonator mode and two-level atom. We demonstrate that the second-order coherence function of the resonator mode and the two-level atom is equal to zero for all possible frequencies in the spectrum of operator oscillations. We find the interbeam second-order coherence function between different frequencies of the Fourier spectrum and show that in the limit of a large number of quanta, it can take the values in the range from zero to two. Thus, non-classical correlations are formed between certain frequencies in the Fourier spectrum of emitted light. We demonstrate that in the limit of a large number of quanta in the resonator mode, when the filter sums up the frequencies near the resonator eigenfrequency, the second-order coherence function of the field of the resonator mode is not affected by the interaction with the two-level atom.","PeriodicalId":501621,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Optical Society of America B","volume":"148 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141866974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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