M. Graça Pereira, Jonas Fraga, Martim Santos, Ana Ferraz, Margarida Vilaça
Parental burnout (PB) is characterised by parental exhaustion resulting from exposure to chronic parental stress. Due to the social and economic changes resulting from the COVID‐19 pandemic that impacted families, there is a significant scientific interest in identifying factors related to PB within the pandemic context. This study aimed to analyse the relationships between parental stress (parental concerns, parental satisfaction, lack of control, and fears and anxieties), family functioning, psychological morbidity (anxiety and depression), and burnout in parents. The sample consisted of 253 parents, legal guardians or primary caregivers of children aged between 0 and 6 years. Results revealed that the child's age, psychological morbidity (depression), and parental stress were significant predictors of PB. Anxiety and family functioning played a moderating role in the relationship between parental satisfaction and PB. According to the results, intervention programs should focus on anxiety symptoms and family functioning to mitigate the effects of parental stress on PB.
{"title":"Parental burnout during COVID‐19: The moderating role of anxiety and family functioning","authors":"M. Graça Pereira, Jonas Fraga, Martim Santos, Ana Ferraz, Margarida Vilaça","doi":"10.1002/smi.3411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.3411","url":null,"abstract":"Parental burnout (PB) is characterised by parental exhaustion resulting from exposure to chronic parental stress. Due to the social and economic changes resulting from the COVID‐19 pandemic that impacted families, there is a significant scientific interest in identifying factors related to PB within the pandemic context. This study aimed to analyse the relationships between parental stress (parental concerns, parental satisfaction, lack of control, and fears and anxieties), family functioning, psychological morbidity (anxiety and depression), and burnout in parents. The sample consisted of 253 parents, legal guardians or primary caregivers of children aged between 0 and 6 years. Results revealed that the child's age, psychological morbidity (depression), and parental stress were significant predictors of PB. Anxiety and family functioning played a moderating role in the relationship between parental satisfaction and PB. According to the results, intervention programs should focus on anxiety symptoms and family functioning to mitigate the effects of parental stress on PB.","PeriodicalId":501682,"journal":{"name":"Stress & Health","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140811804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Relying on personal growth and structuration theories, we aimed to examine the internal (sense of coherence/SOC and help‐seeking/HS) and external (perceived social support) resources that contribute to soldiers' personal growth following the transition to military service. We also investigated the role that perceived social support plays in moderating the relationship between SOC and personal growth, and between HS and personal growth. Two‐hundred‐and‐seventy‐one compulsory service soldiers (of whom 135 were men and 136 were women) completed self‐report questionnaires between 6 and 12 months post‐recruitment. The results showed both linear and curvilinear associations between soldiers' perceived stress and personal growth; SOC, HS, and perceived social support were positively correlated with personal growth; and perceived social support moderated both SOC and HS correlations with personal growth. Empirical evidence of personal growth in the transition to military service has been scant. Transitioning from civilian life to military service can be stressful and even traumatic but it can also provide opportunities for personal development. Our findings shed light on contributors to personal growth in the transition to military service, with both internal and external resources found to help one gain personal growth. It is evident that in order for soldiers to thrive, both perceived social support and active help‐seeking are key factors.
{"title":"Perceived stress and personal growth following the transition to military service: The role of sense of coherence and perceived social support","authors":"Shlomit Weiss‐Dagan, Orit Taubman – Ben‐Ari","doi":"10.1002/smi.3406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.3406","url":null,"abstract":"Relying on personal growth and structuration theories, we aimed to examine the internal (sense of coherence/SOC and help‐seeking/HS) and external (perceived social support) resources that contribute to soldiers' personal growth following the transition to military service. We also investigated the role that perceived social support plays in moderating the relationship between SOC and personal growth, and between HS and personal growth. Two‐hundred‐and‐seventy‐one compulsory service soldiers (of whom 135 were men and 136 were women) completed self‐report questionnaires between 6 and 12 months post‐recruitment. The results showed both linear and curvilinear associations between soldiers' perceived stress and personal growth; SOC, HS, and perceived social support were positively correlated with personal growth; and perceived social support moderated both SOC and HS correlations with personal growth. Empirical evidence of personal growth in the transition to military service has been scant. Transitioning from civilian life to military service can be stressful and even traumatic but it can also provide opportunities for personal development. Our findings shed light on contributors to personal growth in the transition to military service, with both internal and external resources found to help one gain personal growth. It is evident that in order for soldiers to thrive, both perceived social support and active help‐seeking are key factors.","PeriodicalId":501682,"journal":{"name":"Stress & Health","volume":"140 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140637000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Johannes A. C. Laferton, Saskia Schiller, Daniela Conrad, Dorothea Fischer, Frank Zimmermann‐Viehoff
Health care workers are at increased risk for mental health issues due to high psychological and physical job demands. According to a recent study, stress beliefs (i.e., believing stress to be detrimental to one's health) might influence physicians' mental health in response to a naturalistic stressor (COVID‐19 hospital working conditions). Due to a small sample size and high alpha error inflation, the suggested association needs to be interpreted with caution. The current study aims to replicate those findings in a larger sample. A cross‐sectional survey among N = 418 (64.1% female; Median age = 30–39 years) physicians and nurses of a large German medical centre was conducted during the COVID‐19 pandemic (May/June 2021). Perception of pandemic related increase of work stress was assessed via self‐report. Stress beliefs were assessed with the Beliefs About Stress Scale, and mental health symptoms were assessed with the 21‐item Depression Anxiety Stress Scale. Stress beliefs moderated the association between increased work stress and mental health symptoms. Increased work stress was associated with increased depressive, anxiety and distress symptoms only in health care workers with medium (simple slope = 2.22, p < .001; simple slope = 1.27, p < .001; simple slope = 3.19, p < .001) and high (simple slope = 3.13; p < .001; simple slope = 1.66, p < .05; simple slope = 4.33, p < .001) negative stress beliefs. Among health care workers with low negative stress beliefs increased work stress was not associated with increased depressive, anxiety and distress symptoms. This confirms negative stress beliefs as variable of interest in research on the impact of stress on mental health in health care workers.
{"title":"Stress beliefs moderate the impact of COVID‐19 related work stress on depressive, anxiety and distress symptoms in health care workers","authors":"Johannes A. C. Laferton, Saskia Schiller, Daniela Conrad, Dorothea Fischer, Frank Zimmermann‐Viehoff","doi":"10.1002/smi.3410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.3410","url":null,"abstract":"Health care workers are at increased risk for mental health issues due to high psychological and physical job demands. According to a recent study, stress beliefs (i.e., believing stress to be detrimental to one's health) might influence physicians' mental health in response to a naturalistic stressor (COVID‐19 hospital working conditions). Due to a small sample size and high alpha error inflation, the suggested association needs to be interpreted with caution. The current study aims to replicate those findings in a larger sample. A cross‐sectional survey among <jats:italic>N</jats:italic> = 418 (64.1% female; Median age = 30–39 years) physicians and nurses of a large German medical centre was conducted during the COVID‐19 pandemic (May/June 2021). Perception of pandemic related increase of work stress was assessed via self‐report. Stress beliefs were assessed with the Beliefs About Stress Scale, and mental health symptoms were assessed with the 21‐item Depression Anxiety Stress Scale. Stress beliefs moderated the association between increased work stress and mental health symptoms. Increased work stress was associated with increased depressive, anxiety and distress symptoms only in health care workers with medium (simple slope = 2.22, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < .001; simple slope = 1.27, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < .001; simple slope = 3.19, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < .001) and high (simple slope = 3.13; <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < .001; simple slope = 1.66, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < .05; simple slope = 4.33, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < .001) negative stress beliefs. Among health care workers with low negative stress beliefs increased work stress was not associated with increased depressive, anxiety and distress symptoms. This confirms negative stress beliefs as variable of interest in research on the impact of stress on mental health in health care workers.","PeriodicalId":501682,"journal":{"name":"Stress & Health","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140623715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sheila Daniela Dicker‐Oren, Marc Gelkopf, Talya Greene
Daily‐life stressors and food cravings are dynamic and vary within and across persons. Some evidence suggests interpersonal stressors increase appetite. However, little is known about the association of food craving with different types of stressors at the momentary level in the general population. We aimed to explore the momentary relationships between daily‐life stressful events and food craving in a non‐clinical community sample, and to compare the associations with food craving when the most stressful event was perceived as interpersonal versus non‐interpersonal. We used ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to collect reports on the most stressful event, perceived stressor type, stressor appraisal, and food craving from 123 adults three times a day scheduled at fixed intervals over 10 days. Mixed effects random intercepts and slopes models examined the within‐ and between‐person associations. Experiencing a stressor was significantly positively associated with within‐person food craving at the same measurement. No differences in momentary food craving were found when the most stressful event was perceived as interpersonal or non‐interpersonal (within‐person level). However, frequently reporting the most stressful event as interpersonal (vs. non‐interpersonal) was positively associated with food craving across the study (between‐person level), particularly when the stressor was appraised as more unpleasant. Daily‐life stressors were associated with momentary food craving. Individuals who generally perceived interpersonal stressors as their most stressful event tended to experience food cravings. Future research could further investigate the role of interpersonal stressors as a factor for overeating in daily life and the potential benefits of stress management in interventions.
{"title":"Momentary stress‐induced food craving: An ecological momentary assessment study comparing perceived interpersonal and non‐interpersonal stressors","authors":"Sheila Daniela Dicker‐Oren, Marc Gelkopf, Talya Greene","doi":"10.1002/smi.3402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.3402","url":null,"abstract":"Daily‐life stressors and food cravings are dynamic and vary within and across persons. Some evidence suggests interpersonal stressors increase appetite. However, little is known about the association of food craving with different types of stressors at the momentary level in the general population. We aimed to explore the momentary relationships between daily‐life stressful events and food craving in a non‐clinical community sample, and to compare the associations with food craving when the most stressful event was perceived as interpersonal versus non‐interpersonal. We used ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to collect reports on the most stressful event, perceived stressor type, stressor appraisal, and food craving from 123 adults three times a day scheduled at fixed intervals over 10 days. Mixed effects random intercepts and slopes models examined the within‐ and between‐person associations. Experiencing a stressor was significantly positively associated with within‐person food craving at the same measurement. No differences in momentary food craving were found when the most stressful event was perceived as interpersonal or non‐interpersonal (within‐person level). However, frequently reporting the most stressful event as interpersonal (vs. non‐interpersonal) was positively associated with food craving across the study (between‐person level), particularly when the stressor was appraised as more unpleasant. Daily‐life stressors were associated with momentary food craving. Individuals who generally perceived interpersonal stressors as their most stressful event tended to experience food cravings. Future research could further investigate the role of interpersonal stressors as a factor for overeating in daily life and the potential benefits of stress management in interventions.","PeriodicalId":501682,"journal":{"name":"Stress & Health","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140623858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lei Zhan, Li Lin, Xiaoyu Wang, Xianghong Sun, Zheng Huang, Liang Zhang
The way individuals handle daily stressors can significantly influence their mental health. Those who struggle with emotion regulation are especially vulnerable to the negative effects of stress. This study explored the role of catastrophizing, a maladaptive emotion regulation strategy, in shaping the relationships between daily stress responses and depressive symptoms. A total of 75 healthy college students participated in the study. We adopted an Ecological Momentary Assessment protocol over 14 consecutive days to capture the day‐to‐day dynamics of stress reactivity and recovery. Our findings indicate that individuals with higher levels of catastrophizing exhibited increased daily stress reactivity and delayed daily stress recovery, consequently raising their likelihood of experiencing amplified depressive symptoms. In contrast, those with lower levels of catastrophizing did not experience the same negative effects of increased daily stress reactivity on their mental health. These results enhance understanding of how real‐life stressors contribute to the development of mental health issues and underscore the importance of adaptive emotion regulation for improved overall health and well‐being.
{"title":"The moderating role of catastrophizing in day‐to‐day dynamic stress and depressive symptoms","authors":"Lei Zhan, Li Lin, Xiaoyu Wang, Xianghong Sun, Zheng Huang, Liang Zhang","doi":"10.1002/smi.3404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.3404","url":null,"abstract":"The way individuals handle daily stressors can significantly influence their mental health. Those who struggle with emotion regulation are especially vulnerable to the negative effects of stress. This study explored the role of catastrophizing, a maladaptive emotion regulation strategy, in shaping the relationships between daily stress responses and depressive symptoms. A total of 75 healthy college students participated in the study. We adopted an Ecological Momentary Assessment protocol over 14 consecutive days to capture the day‐to‐day dynamics of stress reactivity and recovery. Our findings indicate that individuals with higher levels of catastrophizing exhibited increased daily stress reactivity and delayed daily stress recovery, consequently raising their likelihood of experiencing amplified depressive symptoms. In contrast, those with lower levels of catastrophizing did not experience the same negative effects of increased daily stress reactivity on their mental health. These results enhance understanding of how real‐life stressors contribute to the development of mental health issues and underscore the importance of adaptive emotion regulation for improved overall health and well‐being.","PeriodicalId":501682,"journal":{"name":"Stress & Health","volume":"152 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140623953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aims to elucidate associations among self-compassion, depression, and suicidal ideation, particularly with respect to gender differences. Using a multigroup cross-lagged panel model, we conducted a longitudinal evaluation of 424 Chinese adolescents (55.85% boys; Mage = 18.02, SD = 0.73 at baseline). Our findings indicated that suicidal ideation at T1 positively predicted depression 6 months later, while negatively predicted self-compassion. However, self-compassion negatively predicted depression 6 months later, specifically in boys, but not in girls. Furthermore, self-compassion significantly mediated the relationship between suicidal ideation at T1 and depression at T2. This study helps to uncover the underlying relationships between self-compassion, depression, and suicidal ideation, and also provide a detailed insight into the differential effects of self-compassion on depression among boys and girls.
{"title":"Longitudinal associations between self-compassion, depression, and suicidal ideation in adolescent boys and girls","authors":"Yaling Pang, Wanjun Li, Chao Song","doi":"10.1002/smi.3403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.3403","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to elucidate associations among self-compassion, depression, and suicidal ideation, particularly with respect to gender differences. Using a multigroup cross-lagged panel model, we conducted a longitudinal evaluation of 424 Chinese adolescents (55.85% boys; <i>M</i>age = 18.02, <i>SD</i> = 0.73 at baseline). Our findings indicated that suicidal ideation at T1 positively predicted depression 6 months later, while negatively predicted self-compassion. However, self-compassion negatively predicted depression 6 months later, specifically in boys, but not in girls. Furthermore, self-compassion significantly mediated the relationship between suicidal ideation at T1 and depression at T2. This study helps to uncover the underlying relationships between self-compassion, depression, and suicidal ideation, and also provide a detailed insight into the differential effects of self-compassion on depression among boys and girls.","PeriodicalId":501682,"journal":{"name":"Stress & Health","volume":"273 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140579389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stress in parents has a significant impact on parenting and infant's development. However, few studies have examined cross-sectional and longitudinal links on risk and resilience of burdened families. Thus, this study aimed to investigate subjective risk and resilience factors on family well-being. Data stem from the 2015 nationwide study “Children in Germany” (“Kinder in Deutschland” – KiD 0–3). Parents of children aged zero to 3 years (N = 8.063) were recruited from random probability-sampled paediatric clinics (n = 271) across Germany. Risk and resilience variables such as parents' perceived stress (PSS-4), competence, isolation and attachment (PSI), as well as parental inner anger (items from CAP), relationship quality (DAS-4) and the child's negative emotionality (items from SGKS) were assessed at baseline in addition to demographic variables to predict parents' mental health (PHQ-4) and negative emotionality of the child at baseline (T1) and in the 2-year follow-up (T2) using linear regression models. At baseline, parents' mental health was predicted by inner anger, the child's negative emotionality and being a single parent (R2 = 45.1%) at baseline, but only by parenting competence at the two-year-follow-up (R2 = 25.1%). The child's negative emotionality was predicted (R2 = 27.5%) by the child's age, and parental inner anger and competence, attachment, perceived stress, mental health as well as education background. At two-year-follow-up, the child's age, single parenthood, social welfare benefit, child's negative emotionality at baseline, relationship quality and competence were significant predictor variables (R2 = 22.8%). This study highlights the impact of specific risk and resilience factors not only on parents' mental health but also the child's negative emotionality in the short and long-term in early childhood. Universal, but also selective prevention programs should increase parents' resilience (e.g., focusing on self-efficacy, competence, coping strategies).
{"title":"The impact of parents' stress on parents' and young childrens' mental health—Short- and long-term effects of risk and resilience factors in families with children aged 0–3 in a representative sample","authors":"Johanna Löchner, Susanne M. Ulrich, Ulrike Lux","doi":"10.1002/smi.3400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.3400","url":null,"abstract":"Stress in parents has a significant impact on parenting and infant's development. However, few studies have examined cross-sectional and longitudinal links on risk and resilience of burdened families. Thus, this study aimed to investigate subjective risk and resilience factors on family well-being. Data stem from the 2015 nationwide study “Children in Germany” (“Kinder in Deutschland” – KiD 0–3). Parents of children aged zero to 3 years (<i>N</i> = 8.063) were recruited from random probability-sampled paediatric clinics (<i>n</i> = 271) across Germany. Risk and resilience variables such as parents' perceived stress (PSS-4), competence, isolation and attachment (PSI), as well as parental inner anger (items from CAP), relationship quality (DAS-4) and the child's negative emotionality (items from SGKS) were assessed at baseline in addition to demographic variables to predict parents' mental health (PHQ-4) and negative emotionality of the child at baseline (T1) and in the 2-year follow-up (T2) using linear regression models. At baseline, parents' mental health was predicted by inner anger, the child's negative emotionality and being a single parent (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 45.1%) at baseline, but only by parenting competence at the two-year-follow-up (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 25.1%). The child's negative emotionality was predicted (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 27.5%) by the child's age, and parental inner anger and competence, attachment, perceived stress, mental health as well as education background. At two-year-follow-up, the child's age, single parenthood, social welfare benefit, child's negative emotionality at baseline, relationship quality and competence were significant predictor variables (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 22.8%). This study highlights the impact of specific risk and resilience factors not only on parents' mental health but also the child's negative emotionality in the short and long-term in early childhood. Universal, but also selective prevention programs should increase parents' resilience (e.g., focusing on self-efficacy, competence, coping strategies).","PeriodicalId":501682,"journal":{"name":"Stress & Health","volume":"235 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140579849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Military gendarmes are frequently exposed to events with traumatic impact, with negative effects on emotional and physical health. The present research aims to analyse the effectiveness of Military Resilience Training (MRTR), a psychological intervention programme developed to reduce perceived stress, increase the perception of adaptive resources and strengthen resilience. Ninety-eight participants who met the inclusion criteria were enroled in a single-blind randomized controlled trial. The psychological training programme was implemented in the intervention group (n = 48) for a duration of 5 months. The participants in the control group (n = 50) were scheduled to start the training later. The levels of perceived stress, adaptive resources and resilience were measured in all participants, from the intervention and the control group, before and after the intervention, and at a 3-month follow-up. The effects of the intervention (Cohen's d) were very high for adaptive resources (d = 0.99), self-schemes (d = 1.33), family support (d = 0.70), and partner support (d = 0.66), average for resilience (d = 0.53) and stress (d = 0.49), with very high effects on military task demands (d = 1.19) and averages for friction with authority (d = 0.51). The effects were obtained only in the intervention group, and all gains were maintained at follow-up. This study provides evidence of the effectiveness of MRTR, a psychological intervention implemented in the military gendarmerie population. In the short and long term, MRTR has significant effects in reducing perceived stress, increasing the perception of adaptive resources and strengthening the resilience of military gendarmes.
{"title":"Psychological intervention programme for developing resilience in the military personnel. A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Maria Nicoleta Turliuc, Ana-Diana Balcan","doi":"10.1002/smi.3399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.3399","url":null,"abstract":"Military gendarmes are frequently exposed to events with traumatic impact, with negative effects on emotional and physical health. The present research aims to analyse the effectiveness of <i>Military Resilience Training</i> (MRTR), a psychological intervention programme developed to reduce perceived stress, increase the perception of adaptive resources and strengthen resilience. Ninety-eight participants who met the inclusion criteria were enroled in a single-blind randomized controlled trial. The psychological training programme was implemented in the intervention group (<i>n = 48</i>) for a duration of 5 months. The participants in the control group (<i>n = 50</i>) were scheduled to start the training later. The levels of perceived stress, adaptive resources and resilience were measured in all participants, from the intervention and the control group, before and after the intervention, and at a 3-month follow-up. The effects of the intervention (<i>Cohen's d</i>) were very high for adaptive resources (<i>d = 0.99</i>), self-schemes (<i>d = 1.33</i>), family support (<i>d = 0.70</i>), and partner support (<i>d = 0.66</i>), average for resilience (<i>d = 0.53</i>) and stress (<i>d = 0.49</i>), with very high effects on military task demands (<i>d = 1.19</i>) and averages for friction with authority (<i>d = 0.51</i>). The effects were obtained only in the intervention group, and all gains were maintained at follow-up. This study provides evidence of the effectiveness of MRTR, a psychological intervention implemented in the military gendarmerie population. In the short and long term, MRTR has significant effects in reducing perceived stress, increasing the perception of adaptive resources and strengthening the resilience of military gendarmes.","PeriodicalId":501682,"journal":{"name":"Stress & Health","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140579508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhenxu Li, Wanji Kong, Hye Yoon Park, Se Jun Koo, Minji Bang, Jung Tak Park, Eun Lee, Suk Kyoon An
Hair cortisol concentration (HCC) reflects the long‐term activity of the hypothalamus‐pituitary‐adrenal (HPA) axis in response to stress. Brain‐derived neurotrophic factor DNA methylation (BDNF DNAM) may affect HCC, and sex and Val66Met may contribute to this association. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the associations between HCC and Brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) DNAM, and the moderating effects of Val66Met and sex. We recruited 191 healthy young participants (96 women, mean age 23.0 ± 2.6 years) and collected body samples to evaluate HCC, and to determine BDNF DNAM and Val66Met genotypes. We analyzed the effects of BDNF DNAM, sex, and Val66Met on HCC. We also evaluated the associations between BDNF DNAM and HCC in groups separated by sex and genotypes. We found a marked association of BDNF DNAM with HCC across men and women. After dividing the data by sex, a positive correlation of HCC with BDNF DNAM was found only in women. There was no substantial moderation effect of Val66Met genotypes on the association between BDNF DNAM and HCC. Therefore, BDNF DNAM was found to have positive association with HCC only in healthy young women, indicating that sex moderates the association of BDNF DNAM with long‐term HPA axis activity.
{"title":"Association of hair cortisol concentration with brain‐derived neurotrophic factor gene methylation: The role of sex as a moderator","authors":"Zhenxu Li, Wanji Kong, Hye Yoon Park, Se Jun Koo, Minji Bang, Jung Tak Park, Eun Lee, Suk Kyoon An","doi":"10.1002/smi.3401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.3401","url":null,"abstract":"Hair cortisol concentration (HCC) reflects the long‐term activity of the hypothalamus‐pituitary‐adrenal (HPA) axis in response to stress. Brain‐derived neurotrophic factor DNA methylation (BDNF DNA<jats:sub>M</jats:sub>) may affect HCC, and sex and Val66Met may contribute to this association. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the associations between HCC and Brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) DNA<jats:sub>M</jats:sub>, and the moderating effects of Val66Met and sex. We recruited 191 healthy young participants (96 women, mean age 23.0 ± 2.6 years) and collected body samples to evaluate HCC, and to determine BDNF DNA<jats:sub>M</jats:sub> and Val66Met genotypes. We analyzed the effects of BDNF DNA<jats:sub>M</jats:sub>, sex, and Val66Met on HCC. We also evaluated the associations between BDNF DNA<jats:sub>M</jats:sub> and HCC in groups separated by sex and genotypes. We found a marked association of BDNF DNA<jats:sub>M</jats:sub> with HCC across men and women. After dividing the data by sex, a positive correlation of HCC with BDNF DNA<jats:sub>M</jats:sub> was found only in women. There was no substantial moderation effect of Val66Met genotypes on the association between BDNF DNA<jats:sub>M</jats:sub> and HCC. Therefore, BDNF DNA<jats:sub>M</jats:sub> was found to have positive association with HCC only in healthy young women, indicating that sex moderates the association of BDNF DNA<jats:sub>M</jats:sub> with long‐term HPA axis activity.","PeriodicalId":501682,"journal":{"name":"Stress & Health","volume":"42 10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140579388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kelsey N. Serier, Ziyu Zhao, Dawne Vogt, Shannon Kehle-Forbes, Brian N. Smith, Karen S. Mitchell
The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted life around the globe and negatively impacted mental health (MH), including among military veterans. Building on previous research with U.S. veterans, the present study examined the association between a broad array of pandemic stressors and well-being on MH outcomes. A total of 372 veterans (51.3% women) from all service eras completed measures of posttraumatic stress disorder and depression during early (timepoint 1 [T1]) and peri-pandemic (timepoint 2 [T2]) periods. Pandemic-related stressors and well-being (satisfaction in life domains) were assessed at the peri-pandemic timepoint (T2). Logistic regression analyses were used to investigate associations between stressors and well-being with the likelihood of a probable MH diagnosis at T2 controlling for T1 MH status. More negative physical and MH impacts of the pandemic in addition to fewer positive consequences and lower satisfaction with paid work, finances, health, romantic relationships, and social life were associated with a higher likelihood of a probable T2 MH diagnosis. COVID infection was associated with lower odds of a probable T2 MH diagnosis. There were significant indirect effects, such that physical and MH impacts of the pandemic were associated with T2 MH via well-being. Overall, these findings highlight the role of stress and well-being on MH during a global pandemic. Interventions to address well-being may be important to address veteran MH during other periods of stress. Future research should examine the generalizability of study findings and further investigate factors that contribute to veterans' MH resilience during stressful life experiences.
{"title":"The impact of stress and well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health in U.S. veterans","authors":"Kelsey N. Serier, Ziyu Zhao, Dawne Vogt, Shannon Kehle-Forbes, Brian N. Smith, Karen S. Mitchell","doi":"10.1002/smi.3357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.3357","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted life around the globe and negatively impacted mental health (MH), including among military veterans. Building on previous research with U.S. veterans, the present study examined the association between a broad array of pandemic stressors and well-being on MH outcomes. A total of 372 veterans (51.3% women) from all service eras completed measures of posttraumatic stress disorder and depression during early (timepoint 1 [T1]) and peri-pandemic (timepoint 2 [T2]) periods. Pandemic-related stressors and well-being (satisfaction in life domains) were assessed at the peri-pandemic timepoint (T2). Logistic regression analyses were used to investigate associations between stressors and well-being with the likelihood of a probable MH diagnosis at T2 controlling for T1 MH status. More negative physical and MH impacts of the pandemic in addition to fewer positive consequences and lower satisfaction with paid work, finances, health, romantic relationships, and social life were associated with a higher likelihood of a probable T2 MH diagnosis. COVID infection was associated with lower odds of a probable T2 MH diagnosis. There were significant indirect effects, such that physical and MH impacts of the pandemic were associated with T2 MH via well-being. Overall, these findings highlight the role of stress and well-being on MH during a global pandemic. Interventions to address well-being may be important to address veteran MH during other periods of stress. Future research should examine the generalizability of study findings and further investigate factors that contribute to veterans' MH resilience during stressful life experiences.","PeriodicalId":501682,"journal":{"name":"Stress & Health","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138824804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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