Pub Date : 2024-09-15DOI: 10.1088/2516-1083/ad756d
J Mijin Cha and Emily Grubert
The United States (US) has set aggressive targets for reaching a carbon pollution-free power sector by 2035 and a net-zero economy by 2050. Reaching these goals will require both rapid expansion of zero- and negative-carbon infrastructure and a phase-out of unabated fossil fuel infrastructure. New subsidy and regulatory actions focus on eliminating coal emissions at the point of consumption either through carbon capture and storage (CCS) or coal-fired power plant retirement. Yet, these pathways have opposite implications for coal production: CCS is coal intensive, while coal retirement is not. Despite a record of chaotic and harmful transition and significant social scientific research suggesting better outcomes from managed, coordinated decline, these mechanisms rely on uncoordinated private decision making by mine and plant owners. Coal mining has rapidly declined since peak production in 2008. Production has dropped by half; bankruptcies are the norm; and coal mine and power plant host communities have experienced highly disruptive decline as a result of this unmanaged transition. Given this history, we argue the current market-based, plant-driven governance approach could worsen transition challenges, including potentially stranding costly CCS investments. We argue that the US should complement its extensive investments in technology demonstrations with innovative governance demonstrations to facilitate a just energy transition. Specifically, we argue that the Powder River Basin, which is the US’ largest coal basin and consists primarily of federally leased coal, should be brought under public control for managed decline both to meet emissions reduction targets and advance a just energy transition.
{"title":"Public control of coal resources of the United States’ Powder River Basin for a managed decarbonization transition","authors":"J Mijin Cha and Emily Grubert","doi":"10.1088/2516-1083/ad756d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2516-1083/ad756d","url":null,"abstract":"The United States (US) has set aggressive targets for reaching a carbon pollution-free power sector by 2035 and a net-zero economy by 2050. Reaching these goals will require both rapid expansion of zero- and negative-carbon infrastructure and a phase-out of unabated fossil fuel infrastructure. New subsidy and regulatory actions focus on eliminating coal emissions at the point of consumption either through carbon capture and storage (CCS) or coal-fired power plant retirement. Yet, these pathways have opposite implications for coal production: CCS is coal intensive, while coal retirement is not. Despite a record of chaotic and harmful transition and significant social scientific research suggesting better outcomes from managed, coordinated decline, these mechanisms rely on uncoordinated private decision making by mine and plant owners. Coal mining has rapidly declined since peak production in 2008. Production has dropped by half; bankruptcies are the norm; and coal mine and power plant host communities have experienced highly disruptive decline as a result of this unmanaged transition. Given this history, we argue the current market-based, plant-driven governance approach could worsen transition challenges, including potentially stranding costly CCS investments. We argue that the US should complement its extensive investments in technology demonstrations with innovative governance demonstrations to facilitate a just energy transition. Specifically, we argue that the Powder River Basin, which is the US’ largest coal basin and consists primarily of federally leased coal, should be brought under public control for managed decline both to meet emissions reduction targets and advance a just energy transition.","PeriodicalId":501831,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Energy","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142265645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-03DOI: 10.1088/2516-1083/ad7220
Seongmin Kim, Jiaxin Xu, Wenjie Shang, Zhihao Xu, Eungkyu Lee, Tengfei Luo
The development and design of energy materials are essential for improving the efficiency, sustainability, and durability of energy systems to address climate change issues. However, optimizing and developing energy materials can be challenging due to large and complex search spaces. With the advancements in computational power and algorithms over the past decade, machine learning (ML) techniques are being widely applied in various industrial and research areas for different purposes. The energy material community has increasingly leveraged ML to accelerate property predictions and design processes. This article aims to provide a comprehensive review of research in different energy material fields that employ ML techniques. It begins with foundational concepts and a broad overview of ML applications in energy material research, followed by examples of successful ML applications in energy material design. We also discuss the current challenges of ML in energy material design and our perspectives. Our viewpoint is that ML will be an integral component of energy materials research, but data scarcity, lack of tailored ML algorithms, and challenges in experimentally realizing ML-predicted candidates are major barriers that still need to be overcome.
能源材料的开发和设计对于提高能源系统的效率、可持续性和耐用性以应对气候变化问题至关重要。然而，由于搜索空间大而复杂，优化和开发能源材料可能具有挑战性。过去十年来，随着计算能力和算法的进步，机器学习（ML）技术被广泛应用于各种工业和研究领域，以达到不同的目的。能源材料界越来越多地利用 ML 来加速性能预测和设计过程。本文旨在全面回顾不同能源材料领域采用 ML 技术的研究情况。文章首先介绍了基础概念以及 ML 在能源材料研究中的广泛应用，然后列举了 ML 在能源材料设计中的成功应用实例。我们还讨论了当前 ML 在能源材料设计中面临的挑战以及我们的观点。我们的观点是，ML 将成为能源材料研究中不可或缺的组成部分，但数据稀缺、缺乏量身定制的 ML 算法以及在实验中实现 ML 预测候选材料所面临的挑战是仍需克服的主要障碍。
{"title":"A review on machine learning-guided design of energy materials","authors":"Seongmin Kim, Jiaxin Xu, Wenjie Shang, Zhihao Xu, Eungkyu Lee, Tengfei Luo","doi":"10.1088/2516-1083/ad7220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2516-1083/ad7220","url":null,"abstract":"The development and design of energy materials are essential for improving the efficiency, sustainability, and durability of energy systems to address climate change issues. However, optimizing and developing energy materials can be challenging due to large and complex search spaces. With the advancements in computational power and algorithms over the past decade, machine learning (ML) techniques are being widely applied in various industrial and research areas for different purposes. The energy material community has increasingly leveraged ML to accelerate property predictions and design processes. This article aims to provide a comprehensive review of research in different energy material fields that employ ML techniques. It begins with foundational concepts and a broad overview of ML applications in energy material research, followed by examples of successful ML applications in energy material design. We also discuss the current challenges of ML in energy material design and our perspectives. Our viewpoint is that ML will be an integral component of energy materials research, but data scarcity, lack of tailored ML algorithms, and challenges in experimentally realizing ML-predicted candidates are major barriers that still need to be overcome.","PeriodicalId":501831,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Energy","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142200635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-23DOI: 10.1088/2516-1083/ad6be1
Jinhao Li, Arlena Chew, Hao Wang
Electric vehicles (EVs) have emerged as a pivotal solution to reduce greenhouse gas emissions paving a pathway to net zero. As the adoption of EVs continues to grow, countries are proactively formulating systematic plans for nationwide EV charging infrastructure (EVCI) to keep pace with the accelerating shift towards EVs. This comprehensive review aims to thoroughly examine current global practices in EVCI planning and explore state-of-the-art methodologies for designing EVCI planning strategies. Despite remarkable efforts by influential players in the global EV market, such as China, the United States, and the European Union, the progress in EVCI rollout has been notably slower than anticipated in the rest of the world. This delay can be attributable to three major impediments: inadequate EVCI charging services, low utilization rates of public EVCI facilities, and the non-trivial integration of EVCI into the electric grid. These challenges are intricately linked to key stakeholders in the EVCI planning problem within the context of coupled traffic and grid networks. These stakeholders include EV drivers, transport system operators, and electric grid operators. In addition, various applicable charging technologies further complicate this planning task. This review dissects the interests of these stakeholders, clarifying their respective roles and expectations in the context of EVCI planning. This review also provides insights into level 1, 2, and 3 chargers with explorations of their applications in different geographical locations for diverse EV charging patterns. Finally, a thorough review of node-based and flow-based approaches to EV planning is presented. The modeling of placing charging stations is broadly categorized into set coverage, maximum coverage, flow-capturing, and flow-refueling location models. In conclusion, this review identifies several research gaps, including the dynamic modeling of EV charging demand and the coordination of vehicle electrification with grid decarbonization. This paper calls for further contributions to bridge these gaps and drive the advancement of EVCI planning.
{"title":"Investigating state-of-the-art planning strategies for electric vehicle charging infrastructures in coupled transport and power networks: a comprehensive review","authors":"Jinhao Li, Arlena Chew, Hao Wang","doi":"10.1088/2516-1083/ad6be1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2516-1083/ad6be1","url":null,"abstract":"Electric vehicles (EVs) have emerged as a pivotal solution to reduce greenhouse gas emissions paving a pathway to net zero. As the adoption of EVs continues to grow, countries are proactively formulating systematic plans for nationwide EV charging infrastructure (EVCI) to keep pace with the accelerating shift towards EVs. This comprehensive review aims to thoroughly examine current global practices in EVCI planning and explore state-of-the-art methodologies for designing EVCI planning strategies. Despite remarkable efforts by influential players in the global EV market, such as China, the United States, and the European Union, the progress in EVCI rollout has been notably slower than anticipated in the rest of the world. This delay can be attributable to three major impediments: inadequate EVCI charging services, low utilization rates of public EVCI facilities, and the non-trivial integration of EVCI into the electric grid. These challenges are intricately linked to key stakeholders in the EVCI planning problem within the context of coupled traffic and grid networks. These stakeholders include EV drivers, transport system operators, and electric grid operators. In addition, various applicable charging technologies further complicate this planning task. This review dissects the interests of these stakeholders, clarifying their respective roles and expectations in the context of EVCI planning. This review also provides insights into level 1, 2, and 3 chargers with explorations of their applications in different geographical locations for diverse EV charging patterns. Finally, a thorough review of node-based and flow-based approaches to EV planning is presented. The modeling of placing charging stations is broadly categorized into set coverage, maximum coverage, flow-capturing, and flow-refueling location models. In conclusion, this review identifies several research gaps, including the dynamic modeling of EV charging demand and the coordination of vehicle electrification with grid decarbonization. This paper calls for further contributions to bridge these gaps and drive the advancement of EVCI planning.","PeriodicalId":501831,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Energy","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142200536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-20DOI: 10.1088/2516-1083/ad6be2
Daniel Raimi, Noah Kaufman
Major reductions in greenhouse gas emissions will require a transition away from fossil fuels, including oil and natural gas. However, little research has examined the implications of such a transition for the workers and communities who depend on these industries to support local and regional economic wellbeing. In this perspective, we lay out a research agenda that can help inform policymakers as they seek to craft effective policies to support affected communities. We focus on the United States, the world’s largest oil and gas producer, and identify three key policy areas where new scholarship is needed to inform policymaking: economic and workforce development, public finances, and environmental remediation. Although it is not a comprehensive research agenda, we identify dozens of distinct research questions that will require a mix of methods and disciplinary lenses, including basic data gathering, community engagement, program evaluation, policy analysis, political analysis, and more. The goal of this article is to encourage scholars to take up these topics and expand them in the years ahead to ensure that oil and gas communities become more economically resilient in the face of deep uncertainty over the future of the domestic and global energy system.
{"title":"A research agenda to support economic resilience in US oil and gas producing communities","authors":"Daniel Raimi, Noah Kaufman","doi":"10.1088/2516-1083/ad6be2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2516-1083/ad6be2","url":null,"abstract":"Major reductions in greenhouse gas emissions will require a transition away from fossil fuels, including oil and natural gas. However, little research has examined the implications of such a transition for the workers and communities who depend on these industries to support local and regional economic wellbeing. In this perspective, we lay out a research agenda that can help inform policymakers as they seek to craft effective policies to support affected communities. We focus on the United States, the world’s largest oil and gas producer, and identify three key policy areas where new scholarship is needed to inform policymaking: economic and workforce development, public finances, and environmental remediation. Although it is not a comprehensive research agenda, we identify dozens of distinct research questions that will require a mix of methods and disciplinary lenses, including basic data gathering, community engagement, program evaluation, policy analysis, political analysis, and more. The goal of this article is to encourage scholars to take up these topics and expand them in the years ahead to ensure that oil and gas communities become more economically resilient in the face of deep uncertainty over the future of the domestic and global energy system.","PeriodicalId":501831,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Energy","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142200537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-20DOI: 10.1088/2516-1083/ad6c9e
Tunmise Raji, Andrew Allee, Nathaniel J Williams
Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries often prioritize electrification as an important component of their infrastructure development, anticipating that electricity access will stimulate local economies. Agriculture, a significant contributor to employment and Gross Domestic Product in many of these countries, stands out as a crucial sector that could benefit from the expansion of electricity infrastructure. Thus, integrating electricity into agricultural practices presents a promising pathway for regional development. This review systematically analyzes the academic literature on the productive use of electricity in SSA’s agricultural sector, focusing on dominant trends, opportunities, and challenges at the electricity-agriculture nexus. Primary production activities, particularly irrigation, emerged as the most extensively studied application of electricity in the agricultural sector, and there was a limited number of studies focused on countries in Central Africa. Solar energy was the most assessed source of electricity, likely due to the abundance of solar resources in Africa. Less than half of the studies considered the economic or environmental impact of their proposed productive use activity, focusing more on the technical and operational feasibility of these initiatives. Also, we found that the productive use of electricity in agriculture is hindered by constraints such as a lack of technical expertise, unreliable power supply, limited market access, and inadequate financial services, and we quantitatively assessed the prevalence of each constraint in the selected studies. The review concludes by highlighting opportunities for future research and proposing strategic policy recommendations aimed at fostering the adoption of electrical technologies in agriculture across SSA, thereby enhancing the sector’s efficiency and productivity.
{"title":"Productive use of electricity in agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review","authors":"Tunmise Raji, Andrew Allee, Nathaniel J Williams","doi":"10.1088/2516-1083/ad6c9e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2516-1083/ad6c9e","url":null,"abstract":"Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries often prioritize electrification as an important component of their infrastructure development, anticipating that electricity access will stimulate local economies. Agriculture, a significant contributor to employment and Gross Domestic Product in many of these countries, stands out as a crucial sector that could benefit from the expansion of electricity infrastructure. Thus, integrating electricity into agricultural practices presents a promising pathway for regional development. This review systematically analyzes the academic literature on the productive use of electricity in SSA’s agricultural sector, focusing on dominant trends, opportunities, and challenges at the electricity-agriculture nexus. Primary production activities, particularly irrigation, emerged as the most extensively studied application of electricity in the agricultural sector, and there was a limited number of studies focused on countries in Central Africa. Solar energy was the most assessed source of electricity, likely due to the abundance of solar resources in Africa. Less than half of the studies considered the economic or environmental impact of their proposed productive use activity, focusing more on the technical and operational feasibility of these initiatives. Also, we found that the productive use of electricity in agriculture is hindered by constraints such as a lack of technical expertise, unreliable power supply, limited market access, and inadequate financial services, and we quantitatively assessed the prevalence of each constraint in the selected studies. The review concludes by highlighting opportunities for future research and proposing strategic policy recommendations aimed at fostering the adoption of electrical technologies in agriculture across SSA, thereby enhancing the sector’s efficiency and productivity.","PeriodicalId":501831,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Energy","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142200538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-20DOI: 10.1088/2516-1083/ad6c9f
Truls Norby
Protonic conduction on surfaces of oxides has over the last two decades drawn attention for its possible utilisation in electrolytes for energy conversion at low temperatures and for its roles in enhancement of catalytic activity. This has led to deeper investigation and increased understanding of the phenomenon and development of quantifiable models. Along with this has emerged apparent demonstrations of use of such conduction in low-drain fuel cells as well as acknowledgement of the role of surface protonic conduction in electrodes for solid-state electrochemical and photoelectrochemical cells. Here is provided a brief review and elaboration of the fundamentals of the interaction of water and hydrogen with oxide surfaces, and models for the resulting protonic conduction in chemisorbed and physisorbed layers. We finally discuss aspects of surface protonic conduction in a range of applications, including sensors, catalysis, and electrochemical and photoelectrochemical energy conversion.
{"title":"Protonic conduction on oxide surfaces—role and applications in electrochemical energy conversion","authors":"Truls Norby","doi":"10.1088/2516-1083/ad6c9f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2516-1083/ad6c9f","url":null,"abstract":"Protonic conduction on surfaces of oxides has over the last two decades drawn attention for its possible utilisation in electrolytes for energy conversion at low temperatures and for its roles in enhancement of catalytic activity. This has led to deeper investigation and increased understanding of the phenomenon and development of quantifiable models. Along with this has emerged apparent demonstrations of use of such conduction in low-drain fuel cells as well as acknowledgement of the role of surface protonic conduction in electrodes for solid-state electrochemical and photoelectrochemical cells. Here is provided a brief review and elaboration of the fundamentals of the interaction of water and hydrogen with oxide surfaces, and models for the resulting protonic conduction in chemisorbed and physisorbed layers. We finally discuss aspects of surface protonic conduction in a range of applications, including sensors, catalysis, and electrochemical and photoelectrochemical energy conversion.","PeriodicalId":501831,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Energy","volume":"167 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142200539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Self-powered devices are the most interesting research subject in recent times, focusing on the advancement of the flexible and wearable electronics market. A variety of self-powered systems have been designed using different energy harvesting (solar cells, mechanical as well as thermal energy harvester) and storage devices such as supercapacitors. Environmental degradation, the inadequacy in the supply of existing fossil fuels, as well as fast-rising energy demand have all raised alarm bells for our planet’s long-term viability. To address these challenges, researchers must pursue steadfast studies on urgent needs by using ‘green’ energies such as wind, solar, tidal, mechanical, as well as geothermal sources. Because these green energy resources are intermittent, new energy harvesting as well as storage devices must be designed to keep and distribute the captured energy gradually, efficiently and meticulously. The low-grade thermal energy generally squandered without usage can be particularly beneficial for consistently powering electronic equipment, including sensors and wearable electronics. This review deals with a detailed discussion of the mechanism and fabrication of thermoelectric supercapacitors. The challenges, possible solutions, and the prospects of thermoelectric supercapacitors have also been highlighted.
{"title":"Thermoelectric supercapacitors: materials, challenges and future outlook","authors":"Sonali Verma, Bhavya Padha, Aamir Ahmed, Rakesh Singh, Deepak P Dubal, Sandeep Arya","doi":"10.1088/2516-1083/ad6be3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2516-1083/ad6be3","url":null,"abstract":"Self-powered devices are the most interesting research subject in recent times, focusing on the advancement of the flexible and wearable electronics market. A variety of self-powered systems have been designed using different energy harvesting (solar cells, mechanical as well as thermal energy harvester) and storage devices such as supercapacitors. Environmental degradation, the inadequacy in the supply of existing fossil fuels, as well as fast-rising energy demand have all raised alarm bells for our planet’s long-term viability. To address these challenges, researchers must pursue steadfast studies on urgent needs by using ‘green’ energies such as wind, solar, tidal, mechanical, as well as geothermal sources. Because these green energy resources are intermittent, new energy harvesting as well as storage devices must be designed to keep and distribute the captured energy gradually, efficiently and meticulously. The low-grade thermal energy generally squandered without usage can be particularly beneficial for consistently powering electronic equipment, including sensors and wearable electronics. This review deals with a detailed discussion of the mechanism and fabrication of thermoelectric supercapacitors. The challenges, possible solutions, and the prospects of thermoelectric supercapacitors have also been highlighted.","PeriodicalId":501831,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Energy","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142200562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.1088/2516-1083/ad5cbf
Meron Tesfamichael, Janina Fuchs
The imperative for rapid low-carbon transformations in social and economic systems has heightened reliance on systems modelling to inform decisions. Energy models are pivotal in shaping viable pathways and guiding interventions, thereby influencing policy agendas and public discourse. However, in sub-Saharan Africa, the utilization of model-based analysis for energy planning and policy remains limited, largely due to deficiencies in existing models. Research indicates that many of these models are ill-equipped to capture the context-specific challenges prevalent in African countries. Despite offering valuable insights, most models lack representation of uncertainties associated with political and governance dynamics. These findings underscore the urgent need to enhance domestic institutions’ modelling capabilities. While technical expertise is crucial, this paper contends that, given the inherently political nature of energy policy decisions, modelers must be cognizant of the political landscape in which problems are modelled and solutions are sought. We assert that energy modellers aiming to influence policies must endeavour to comprehend the underlying political economy at the intersection of energy planning and policymaking. Expanding on this premise, we delineate practical steps that modelling teams can adopt to conduct political economy analysis and grasp the factors influencing energy policymaking. By adhering to these steps, we posit that modelling teams could enhance the relevance, realism, and applicability of policy options proposed through modelling efforts.
{"title":"Navigating complexity: integrating political realities into energy system modelling for effective policy in Sub-Saharan Africa","authors":"Meron Tesfamichael, Janina Fuchs","doi":"10.1088/2516-1083/ad5cbf","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2516-1083/ad5cbf","url":null,"abstract":"The imperative for rapid low-carbon transformations in social and economic systems has heightened reliance on systems modelling to inform decisions. Energy models are pivotal in shaping viable pathways and guiding interventions, thereby influencing policy agendas and public discourse. However, in sub-Saharan Africa, the utilization of model-based analysis for energy planning and policy remains limited, largely due to deficiencies in existing models. Research indicates that many of these models are ill-equipped to capture the context-specific challenges prevalent in African countries. Despite offering valuable insights, most models lack representation of uncertainties associated with political and governance dynamics. These findings underscore the urgent need to enhance domestic institutions’ modelling capabilities. While technical expertise is crucial, this paper contends that, given the inherently political nature of energy policy decisions, modelers must be cognizant of the political landscape in which problems are modelled and solutions are sought. We assert that energy modellers aiming to influence policies must endeavour to comprehend the underlying political economy at the intersection of energy planning and policymaking. Expanding on this premise, we delineate practical steps that modelling teams can adopt to conduct political economy analysis and grasp the factors influencing energy policymaking. By adhering to these steps, we posit that modelling teams could enhance the relevance, realism, and applicability of policy options proposed through modelling efforts.","PeriodicalId":501831,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Energy","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141870357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-14DOI: 10.1088/2516-1083/ad5cbe
Bablu K Ghosh, Sajib Ahmed, Ujjwal Datta and Saad Mekhilef
Electricity plays a crucial role in the energy sector. Its production often leads to substantial CO2 emissions, contributing much to climate change. This issue is principally crucial in rapidly developing Asian economies where surging energy demands involve huge emission concerns. This study focuses on the assessment of net-zero emission (NZE) scenarios for electricity in emerging Asia. Following the guidelines of the International Energy Agency, the imperative of sustainable energy and environmental practices extends beyond developed economies to include developing ones. To mitigate emissions, innovative strategies to curtail non-renewable energy (RE) sources are essential. By exploring the dynamics of primary energy flow, and electricity-related emissions, this research emphasizes the significance of integrating substantial RE proportions within diverse setups. A theoretical framework is proposed by employing thermodynamic models that link energy mix configurations to environmental outcomes. Given the considerable population in developing Asian nations, a delicate equilibrium between energy demands and environmental stewardship is imperative, aligning with sustainable development goals. The study establishes the correlations between thermodynamic models and energy scenario variations, particularly within the context of the Global Energy and Climate model and NZE policy framework under universal energy access protocols. Hereafter, this paper examines Bangladesh’s energy management trajectory, focusing on its status as the most climate-vulnerable region in developing Asia and the world. Finally, a suitable energy management pathway for Bangladesh to contribute insights into the alignment of energy policies with environmental and development goals has been proposed to achieve sustainable energy futures.
{"title":"Net zero emission and sustainable development in electricity: emerging Asia’s Bangladesh context in global perspective","authors":"Bablu K Ghosh, Sajib Ahmed, Ujjwal Datta and Saad Mekhilef","doi":"10.1088/2516-1083/ad5cbe","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2516-1083/ad5cbe","url":null,"abstract":"Electricity plays a crucial role in the energy sector. Its production often leads to substantial CO2 emissions, contributing much to climate change. This issue is principally crucial in rapidly developing Asian economies where surging energy demands involve huge emission concerns. This study focuses on the assessment of net-zero emission (NZE) scenarios for electricity in emerging Asia. Following the guidelines of the International Energy Agency, the imperative of sustainable energy and environmental practices extends beyond developed economies to include developing ones. To mitigate emissions, innovative strategies to curtail non-renewable energy (RE) sources are essential. By exploring the dynamics of primary energy flow, and electricity-related emissions, this research emphasizes the significance of integrating substantial RE proportions within diverse setups. A theoretical framework is proposed by employing thermodynamic models that link energy mix configurations to environmental outcomes. Given the considerable population in developing Asian nations, a delicate equilibrium between energy demands and environmental stewardship is imperative, aligning with sustainable development goals. The study establishes the correlations between thermodynamic models and energy scenario variations, particularly within the context of the Global Energy and Climate model and NZE policy framework under universal energy access protocols. Hereafter, this paper examines Bangladesh’s energy management trajectory, focusing on its status as the most climate-vulnerable region in developing Asia and the world. Finally, a suitable energy management pathway for Bangladesh to contribute insights into the alignment of energy policies with environmental and development goals has been proposed to achieve sustainable energy futures.","PeriodicalId":501831,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Energy","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141720266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-14DOI: 10.1088/2516-1083/ad4b8f
R. Bhatt, A. Giang, Bassam Javed, M. Kandlikar
The shift toward electric vehicles (EVs) as a decarbonization strategy in transportation raises important energy justice concerns, particularly regarding fair access to charging infrastructure. This perspective synthesizes evidence on how access to, and experience of, charging infrastructure may differ across socio-economic groups across North America. We present a framework for assessing charging infrastructure equity that includes: (i) accessibility—proximity, reliability, visibility, affordability; and (ii) user experiences related to safety, payment ease, and co-located other services. The framework helps characterize the varied impacts across socio-demographic groups, including on low-income and marginalized communities. We explore how the direct and indirect effects of accessibility and user experience might influence the distribution and design of EV charging stations. Considerations of socio-economic diversity in the deployment of charging infrastructure are critical to ensure equitable benefits from electric mobility. We conclude that targeted actions from manufacturers, charging operators, and governments are needed to alleviate the disparities in access and experiences with public EV charging.
将电动汽车（EV）作为交通领域去碳化战略的转变引发了重要的能源公正问题，特别是在公平使用充电基础设施方面。本视角综合了北美不同社会经济群体使用充电基础设施的机会和体验可能存在差异的证据。我们提出了一个评估充电基础设施公平性的框架，其中包括(i) 可及性--就近性、可靠性、可视性、可负担性；以及 (ii) 与安全性、支付便利性和同地其他服务相关的用户体验。该框架有助于描述不同社会人口群体的不同影响，包括对低收入和边缘化社区的影响。我们探讨了可及性和用户体验的直接和间接影响如何影响电动汽车充电站的分布和设计。在部署充电基础设施时考虑社会经济的多样性，对于确保电动汽车的公平效益至关重要。我们的结论是，制造商、充电运营商和政府需要采取有针对性的行动，以减少公共电动汽车充电的可及性和体验方面的差异。
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