Ayu最新文献

Background: One of the main ingredients to put human societies glued together is celebrating the festivals. Festivals are the markers of scientific achievements and historic milestones. Moreover, celebrating festival ensures the continuation of tradition. The number of festivals celebrating Ayurveda are, however, very few. Festivals bring pomp and glory in lives and are a way of expressing gratitude to the legends for bringing out the deepest meanings of the cosmos.

Aim: To revive the lost tradition of Ayurvedic festivals, the study was undertaken.

Material and methods: Ayurvedic scriptures and Puranas were carefully reviewed to find festivals associated with Ayurveda. The paper reviews the specific dates and the method of celebration of few festivals associated with Ayurveda such as Dhanvantari Jayanti, Brahma Puja, Shakrotsava, Kaumudi Mahotsava, Madana Trayodashi, Charaka Jayanti, Kubera Mahotsava, Varuna Mahotsava, and Yamadamshtra. Dhanvantari Jayanti as National Ayurveda Day has already gained popularity.

Result: Festivals foster national cohesiveness, promote communal harmony, preserve family values, revitalize the economy, and foster cultural and, in this scenario, even medical tourism. However, globalizing these festivals is challenging due to difference in calendars.

Conclusion: Celebrating festivals have deep Yogic meaning. It helps to maintain national identity. The yearly seasonal cycles affect the physical and mental health of humans. Hence, there is a need to revive the traditional Ayurvedic festivals.

Background: The constructive role of Ayurveda in managing COVID-19 has been widely discussed, with identified herbs showing immunomodulatory and anti-viral potential. However, clinical trials examining their safety and efficacy are limited.

Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the efficacy of COROPROTECT kit, a proprietary Ayurvedic formulation, in COVID-19.

Materials and method: Randomized, placebo-controlled trial with 312 mild to moderate hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Groups received COROPROTECT or placebo for 10 days alongside standard care.

Results: The outcome measures included the number of days taken to reverse the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) status, reduction in symptoms and inflammatory markers. Fisher exact test was used to analyze the changes between categorical variables, whereas the comparative effect of therapy in both groups on inflammatory markers and safety biochemical parameters was analyzed using Student's t test. A total of 300 patients completed the study without any adverse events. The COROPROTECT kit group exhibited a statistically significant higher percentage of patients testing negative on days 4, 7, and 10 compared to the placebo group. A within group analysis showed that trial group to significantly reduced the levels of C-reactive protein (P = 0.03), lactate dehydrogenase (P < 0.001), and interleukin-6 (P = 0.01). Subjects of the trial group experienced complete relief from cough (69.33%), breathlessness (65.33%), and fatigue (62.67%) within 4 days. In contrast, the placebo group had 20%-40% of participants with mild symptoms persisting until day 10.

Conclusion: This study suggests potential future implications, indicating a faster RT-PCR negativity, reduced COVID-19 severity, and inflammatory markers, along with early symptomatic recovery. The COROPROTECT kit proved safe, facilitating an accelerated clinical recovery compared to conventional care.

Background: Candida albicans is one of the most common pathogenic yeasts, responsible for causing candidiasis. The use of conventional antifungal agents for the treatment of Candida is reported to be less effective and hence alternative therapies for the treatment are needed. Essential oils of medicinal plants may serve as a strong candidate for natural products in modern therapies.

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the synergistic potential of essential oils extracted from leaves of Aegle marmelos (L.) Correa and a potent antifungal agent, nystatin, against three clinical isolates of C. albicans using checkerboard assay.

Materials and methods: The antifungal activity of the essential oils of A. marmelos was screened against test cultures by disc diffusion technique. Antibiograms of the test organisms were developed. To determine the minimum fungicidal concentration of the essential oil and nystatin, the broth microdilution method was employed, and a checkerboard assay was used to investigate the synergistic potential of the essential oil and nystatin against the clinical isolates under study. The data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation.

Results: The Σ fractional inhibitory concentration values were calculated as 0.12, 0.37, and 0.28 for three different strains of C. albicans used, respectively, which was <0.5, therefore, the synergy was demonstrated between essential oils and nystatin against the test cultures.

Conclusions: Combinatorial therapy of the essential oils extracted from the leaves of A. marmelos and nystatin may be considered a line of treatment for candidal infections.

Background: Tagara is a very popular Ayurveda herb used in the treatment insomnia, epilepsy, neurosis, hepatoprotective, anticancerous, and analgesic. Characteristic smell is the typical feature of it. As per the Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India and many other classical texts, rhizomes of Valeriana jatamansi of the family Valerianceae is the accepted source of the drug. From some of the reports from early 1980s, it was found that roots of some aquatic plants such as Nymphoides macrospermum, Nymphoides hydrophylla, Nymphoides indica, and Limnanthemum cristatum were said to be used as Tagara instead of V. jatamansi in the South Indian markets.

Aim: This study proposed to assess the present status of Tagara available in herbal raw drug markets of Kerala.

Materials and methods: Five market samples of Tagara were collected from selected markets of Kerala, and some of the reported aquatic plants, collected from natural habitats nearby. Macroscopic, microscopic, histochemical, and powder microscopic characterization of all these samples were done as per the standard procedure mentioned in Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India and characters observed were compared with official source plant and pharmacopoeial standard.

Results: Morphological characters of market samples of Tagara collected from the various markets of Kerala were not matching with the rhizomes of genuine drug V. jatamansi and that of Uttarakhand sample. The microscopic and histochemical examination also gave the same result. However, these samples showed similarities with the roots of Nymphoides macrospermam. Sample collected from Uttarakhand was the rhizome of V. jatamansi.

Conclusion: The collected market samples of Tagara from various Kerala markets were not the rhizomes of V. jatamansi but the roots of N. macrospermam.

Background: Foot ulcer is a common complication of diabetes and the most devastating component of diabetes progression that is associated with high morbidity and mortality.

Aims: The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, practice, and challenges of diabetes foot care among patients with diabetes mellitus.

Materials and methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study assessed knowledge and practice of foot care among type I and type II patients with diabetes attending the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City. The instrument for data collection was a structured questionnaire with a reliability of 0.880. SPSS version 22 was used to analyze the data.

Results: The findings revealed that there is good knowledge of foot care, among 110 (50.0%) of the diabetic patients, while the practice of foot care was found to be poor among diabetic patients. It also shows the factor that statistically predicts the development of foot ulcers to include combined diet + oral medications + insulin treatment regimen (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.181, P = 0.016, confidence interval [CI] = 0.045-0.728), history of renal conditions (AOR = 0.115, P = 0.036, CI = 0.015-0.871), not receiving foot care education (AOR = 116.098, P < 0.001, CI = 12.497-1078.554), and receiving foot care education from nurses (AOR = 0.022, P = 0.001, CI = 0.002-0.216). Furthermore, 201 (91.4%) diabetes patients reported fatigue from completing the same task repeatedly, and 198 (90.0%) reported forgetfulness as obstacles to practicing foot care.

Conclusion: When creating DM Patients future care plans, nurses and other health-care administrators must take into account the difficulties and predicting factors related to the practice of diabetes foot care.

[This corrects the article on p. 146 in vol. 43.].

Background: Rhuflex-F is a proprietary Ayurvedic herbo-mineral formulation clinically used to combat and relieve stiffness in joints and muscles, reduce edema, restore mobility, and also effective in relieving the symptoms of other autoimmune illnesses that lead to rheumatism.

Aims: The aim and objective of the research study is to evaluate the efficacy of Rhuflex-F against in vitro protein denaturation and in vivo Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis in albino rats.

Materials and methods: In vitro inhibition of protein denaturation activity was carried out using bovine serum albumin. For in vivo activity, arthritis was induced by complete Freund's adjuvant in albino rats. Rhuflex-F (135-270 mg/kg, po) was administered for 30^th days in arthritic rats, and effects were assessed on primary and secondary paw edema, on pain response, hematological, serum biochemical parameters (serum transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, urea, uric acid, and orosomucoid), and serum anti-oxidant parameters and adrenal ascorbic acid.

Results: Aqueous extract of Rhuflex-F showed in vitro protein denaturation inhibitory activity in a dose-dependent manner. Rhuflex-F showed nonsignificant decrease in primary and secondary paw edema with reduced pain response, some reversal effects on hematological parameters such as white blood cell and red blood cell related parameters and serum orosomucoid and adrenal ascorbic acid in comparison to Fruend's adjuvant control group. Further, Rhuflex-F reversed Freund's adjuvant-induced adverse effects on oxidant status in the serum of albino rats.

Conclusion: Result of the present study suggested that Rhuflex-F formulation has anti-inflammatory activity, may be due to the inhibition of protein denaturation in vitro and in vivo anti-arthritic activity against complete Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis in albino rats.

Background: Bronchial asthma is a common chronic episodic respiratory disease that resemblance to Tamaka Shwasa in Ayurveda. Kantakari Avaleha is one of the primarily recommended formulations for the management of Shwasa (bronchial asthma), Kasa (cough), and Hikka (hiccup). Although Avaleha dosage forms are better medicaments, granules have an added advantage over them such as palatability, less moisture content, and easy handling. For this purpose, Kantakari Avaleha was modified into Kantakari Avaleha granules by modifying the operational procedures of Kantakari Avaleha.

Aims: To evaluate and compare the efficacy of Kantakari Avaleha and Kantakari Avaleha granules in the management of bronchial asthma.

Materials and method: A total of 69 patients with mild to moderate bronchial asthma were selected randomly and divided into groups A and B. Patients of groups A were treated with Kantakari Avaleha, whereas patients of groups B received Kantakari Avaleha granules. These dosage forms of Kantakari were given in the dose of six grams with lukewarm water before breakfast and dinner for 60 days and followed up for the next 30 days. Assessments were done before and after treatment as per the scoring patterns of international asthma guidelines of the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA), Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ), Asthma Control Test (ACT), and Respiratory Rate (RR), Breath-Holding Time (BHT), Peak Expiratory Flow Volume (PEFV), and laboratory investigations such as complete blood count, liver and kidney function tests, and urine routine examination were also carried out. Paired t-test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were applied to evaluate the effect of therapy in the individual group for the above-mentioned criteria. While the comparison of results between the groups was done by applying the coefficient of variation (CV).

Results: Group A showed better results in most of the cardinal symptoms, ACT, and ACQ, except for BHT, RR, and GINA control in terms of CV. In both the groups, statistically, highly significant improvement was found as per the overall assessment of bronchial asthma such as ACQ, ACT, and number of episodes and the difference between the groups was statistically insignificant.

Conclusion: Both dosage forms of Kantkari were found to be effective treatments for bronchial asthma with significant relieving capacity as internal use for over 2 months. Hence, Kantakari Avaleha granules could be substituted for Kantakari Avaleha.

Background: Hyperlipidemia is one of the major risk factors for coronary heart disease and stroke. Triphala, a polyherbal Ayurvedic formulation made from dried fruits of Haritaki (Terminalia chebula Retz.), Bibhitaki (Terminalia bellirica Roxb.), and Amalaki (Phyllanthus emblica Gaertn.) has been suggested to be useful in mitigating hyperlipidemia. In the Ayurveda texts, depending on the patient's condition and body type, Triphala is formulated and used in one of the two combination (1:1:1 and 1:2:4 of individual constituents) forms.

Aims: The present study aimed at evaluating the efficacy of two combinations (1:1:1 and 1:2:4 of individual constituents) of Triphala against high fat diet induced-hyperlipidemia in rats.

Materials and method: Hyperlipidemia was induced in Spraque-Dawley albino rats by feeding them with high fat diet. The animals were concomitantly administered with graded dose of one of the two combination (combination of Haritaki, Bibhitaki, and Amalaki in ratio of 1:1:1 or 1:2:4, respectively) of Triphala (250, 500, or 1000 mg/kg body wt.) or atorvastatin. The animals were sacrificed on day 22 and serum was processed for lipid profile and the liver for lipid peroxidation. The statistical analysis was performed by the mean analysis of variance followed by Dunnet's test.

Results: The results indicated that when compared to placebo group, levels of serum total cholesterol, and triglyceride were significantly lower, while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased in both the Triphala combination and atorvastatin groups. Of the two groups of Triphala, the formulation having 1:2:4 ratio was better than the 1:1:1. The group having highest drug dose (1000 mg/kg body wt.) of 1:2:4 formulation was better than atorvastatin in rectifying high fat diet-induced dyslipidemia and the atherogenic index was equal to that of atorvastatin.

Conclusions: The results of the study indicate that of the two Triphala formulations, the 1:2:4 ratio was better than the 1:1:1 ratio for anti-hyper-lipidemic effects.

Background: Atalantia monophylla DC. family Rutaceae, a promising drug, has multifaceted ethnomedicinal claims to treat rheumatism, arthritis, paralysis, cough, skin diseases, etc., In traditional practice, root and stem are administered to treat rheumatism and arthritis, respectively.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of the root and stem of A. monophylla against carrageenan-induced acute paw edema in wistar albino rats.

Materials and methods: Shade dried root and stem were grinded separately into a fine powder (120#) by the mechanical grinder. Test drugs were prepared in Phanta (hot infusion) form and used as fresh (A. monophylla root Phanta [AMRP] and A. monophylla stem Phanta [AMSP]). Difference between the groups was statistically determined by one-way ANOVA, followed by Dunnett's multiple "t" test for unpaired data.

Results: AMSP showed a significant decrease in paw inflammation at all-time interval (P < 0.05), whereas AMRP produced nonsignificant decrease in paw inflammation at 1 h (43.53%) and 5 h (25.74%) while significant (P < 0.05) anti-inflammatory activity at 3 h (36.35%) in comparison with the normal control group.

Conclusion: The present study concluded that A. monophylla stem is having significant anti-inflammatory activity in comparison to its root when administered in Phanta form against carrageenan-induced acute inflammation in rats.