Pub Date : 2022-06-16DOI: 10.1142/s1793431122500178
M. Hassani Sokhtesaraei, M. Ghassemieh, S. R. Mirghaderi
The aim of this paper is to prepare a list of appropriate far-field records for the purpose of time history analysis and structural design assessment in Tehran. Accordingly, the study focused on considering all parameters affecting the choice of accelerogram pair for Tehran. For this purpose, a total of 1000 accelerogram pairs of the earthquakes that occurred in Iran during 1978–2010 were studied in terms of the parameters affecting the choice of appropriate accelerogram pair for Tehran, including distance to the epicenter, magnitude, frequency content, earthquake mechanism, soil properties, and configuration of ground layers. An important objective followed by preparing such a list was to appropriately match it to susceptibility and performance levels set in local design standards. For this purpose, seismic, statistical, and analytic studies were performed, finally ending up with a list of appropriate accelerogram pairs for time history analysis and design assessment in Tehran. In this research, to provide a proper understanding of the proposed list’s applied demands on the region’s structures, numerical and statistical studies and comparisons with the FEMA-P695 list have been done.
{"title":"Proposing a Set of Far-Field Records for Time History Analysis in Tehran City and Comparison with FEMA-P695 Set Records","authors":"M. Hassani Sokhtesaraei, M. Ghassemieh, S. R. Mirghaderi","doi":"10.1142/s1793431122500178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1793431122500178","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The aim of this paper is to prepare a list of appropriate far-field records for the purpose of time history analysis and structural design assessment in Tehran. Accordingly, the study focused on considering all parameters affecting the choice of accelerogram pair for Tehran. For this purpose, a total of 1000 accelerogram pairs of the earthquakes that occurred in Iran during 1978–2010 were studied in terms of the parameters affecting the choice of appropriate accelerogram pair for Tehran, including distance to the epicenter, magnitude, frequency content, earthquake mechanism, soil properties, and configuration of ground layers. An important objective followed by preparing such a list was to appropriately match it to susceptibility and performance levels set in local design standards. For this purpose, seismic, statistical, and analytic studies were performed, finally ending up with a list of appropriate accelerogram pairs for time history analysis and design assessment in Tehran. In this research, to provide a proper understanding of the proposed list’s applied demands on the region’s structures, numerical and statistical studies and comparisons with the FEMA-P695 list have been done.</p>","PeriodicalId":50213,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Earthquake and Tsunami","volume":"242 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138540098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.1142/s179343112202002x
Yan-Hong Ng, F. Lee, M. Hori, Zhenhua Huang
{"title":"Preface — 15 Years Journey to Understand the Problems of Earthquake and Tsunami","authors":"Yan-Hong Ng, F. Lee, M. Hori, Zhenhua Huang","doi":"10.1142/s179343112202002x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s179343112202002x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50213,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Earthquake and Tsunami","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83808489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-31DOI: 10.1142/s1793431122500105
S. Cespedes, R. Boroschek, R. Ruiz
Chile presents a high seismicity and very particular characteristics due to its subductive environment and high convergence rate of the interacting plates. In this paper, ground motion models (GMM) for Arias Intensity and strong ground motion duration are developed based on recently compiled Chilean earthquakes records. The Chilean derived GMM are later compared with global and subduction models. For the duration case, two definitions are considered: significant duration and bracketed duration. Care is taken to consider newly define rupture areas for the major earthquake in the catalog, which allows to redefine the distances to be used in the analysis. The strong motion records are processed using robust techniques and standardized procedures. The model parameters are selected using a Bayesian updating method. This allows to estimate the parameters as well as their corresponding uncertainties recognizing the variability of the coefficients and of the selected model. The derived ground motion predictive model associated is validated through a residual analysis and probability distributions, obtained from the adjustment method. Additionally, for the bracketed duration analysis, a classification method based on Support Vector Machine (SVM) is used, with the aim to incorporate the records with duration of zero seconds. The comparison of the resultant model with the existing ones allows to confirm the differences that the tectonic Chilean environment produces, characterized mainly by a high relative convergence rate between plates and interplate thrust earthquakes with high magnitudes.
{"title":"Strong Motion Models for Duration and Arias Intensity for Strong Motion Records in Chile","authors":"S. Cespedes, R. Boroschek, R. Ruiz","doi":"10.1142/s1793431122500105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1793431122500105","url":null,"abstract":"Chile presents a high seismicity and very particular characteristics due to its subductive environment and high convergence rate of the interacting plates. In this paper, ground motion models (GMM) for Arias Intensity and strong ground motion duration are developed based on recently compiled Chilean earthquakes records. The Chilean derived GMM are later compared with global and subduction models. For the duration case, two definitions are considered: significant duration and bracketed duration. Care is taken to consider newly define rupture areas for the major earthquake in the catalog, which allows to redefine the distances to be used in the analysis. The strong motion records are processed using robust techniques and standardized procedures. The model parameters are selected using a Bayesian updating method. This allows to estimate the parameters as well as their corresponding uncertainties recognizing the variability of the coefficients and of the selected model. The derived ground motion predictive model associated is validated through a residual analysis and probability distributions, obtained from the adjustment method. Additionally, for the bracketed duration analysis, a classification method based on Support Vector Machine (SVM) is used, with the aim to incorporate the records with duration of zero seconds. The comparison of the resultant model with the existing ones allows to confirm the differences that the tectonic Chilean environment produces, characterized mainly by a high relative convergence rate between plates and interplate thrust earthquakes with high magnitudes.","PeriodicalId":50213,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Earthquake and Tsunami","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89456858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-14DOI: 10.1142/s1793431122400048
H. O.-tani, K. Iiyama, Shuhei Takaya, Masaaki Yabe
A key functionality of Integrated Earthquake Simulation which carries out regional earthquake simulations is automated model construction that builds a set of analysis models for different numerical analysis methods, using a variety of data which cover city and urban areas. In this study, we present the current state of the automated model construction for structures. Its unique feature is the ability to restore the configuration and estimate the structural properties for a target structure using a set of limited digital data. Engineering information such as design codes and regulations of the structure is systematically used to make up for the lack of the digital data. Explanation is made about the developed methodology and algorithms of the automated model construction for two kinds of structures: residential buildings and road bridges.
{"title":"Automated Model Construction of Urban Structures with Limited Digital Data","authors":"H. O.-tani, K. Iiyama, Shuhei Takaya, Masaaki Yabe","doi":"10.1142/s1793431122400048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1793431122400048","url":null,"abstract":"A key functionality of Integrated Earthquake Simulation which carries out regional earthquake simulations is automated model construction that builds a set of analysis models for different numerical analysis methods, using a variety of data which cover city and urban areas. In this study, we present the current state of the automated model construction for structures. Its unique feature is the ability to restore the configuration and estimate the structural properties for a target structure using a set of limited digital data. Engineering information such as design codes and regulations of the structure is systematically used to make up for the lack of the digital data. Explanation is made about the developed methodology and algorithms of the automated model construction for two kinds of structures: residential buildings and road bridges.","PeriodicalId":50213,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Earthquake and Tsunami","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81721456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-14DOI: 10.1142/s179343112240005x
Ben Zhao, Jiahui Ho, Subhadeep Banerjee, S. Goh, F. Lee
This paper presents a critical review of the current challenges in analyzing large, realistic pile groups in soft clay soil under earthquake shaking. The review focuses on three main essentials of numerical analyses, namely soil behavior and constitutive model, pile and pile-soil interface modeling and computational framework.
{"title":"Modeling Seismic-Soil-Pile Interaction (SSPI) Problems for Large Pile Groups","authors":"Ben Zhao, Jiahui Ho, Subhadeep Banerjee, S. Goh, F. Lee","doi":"10.1142/s179343112240005x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s179343112240005x","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a critical review of the current challenges in analyzing large, realistic pile groups in soft clay soil under earthquake shaking. The review focuses on three main essentials of numerical analyses, namely soil behavior and constitutive model, pile and pile-soil interface modeling and computational framework.","PeriodicalId":50213,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Earthquake and Tsunami","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88340463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-13DOI: 10.1142/s1793431122410044
Yen-Lung Chen, Yunyu Shen, H. Wu, S. Hsiao
{"title":"Probabilistic Tsunami Hazard Assessment of Offshore Wave Heights for Southern Region of Pingtung County in Southern Taiwan","authors":"Yen-Lung Chen, Yunyu Shen, H. Wu, S. Hsiao","doi":"10.1142/s1793431122410044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1793431122410044","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50213,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Earthquake and Tsunami","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76569301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-13DOI: 10.1142/s1793431122410019
Cheng-Hsien Lee, P. H. Lo, Huabin Shi, Zhenhua Huang
{"title":"Numerical Modeling of Generation of Landslide Tsunamis: A Review","authors":"Cheng-Hsien Lee, P. H. Lo, Huabin Shi, Zhenhua Huang","doi":"10.1142/s1793431122410019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1793431122410019","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50213,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Earthquake and Tsunami","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86350575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-13DOI: 10.1142/s1793431122500191
Y. Ono, R. Putra
{"title":"Creation of Tsunami Evacuation Time Map for the Mentawai Islands, Indonesia","authors":"Y. Ono, R. Putra","doi":"10.1142/s1793431122500191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1793431122500191","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50213,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Earthquake and Tsunami","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83794028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-05DOI: 10.1142/s1793431122400024
Conghao Xu, Zhenhua Huang
Understanding tsunami-induced scour at a pile breakwater is important for the foundation safety of this type of coastal defense structures. A series of wave-flume tests were performed for [Formula: see text], with [Formula: see text] being the gap size and [Formula: see text] the pile diameter, to study the characteristics of the solitary-wave-induced local scour around a pile breakwater, including the scour-hole depth, scour-hole length, deposition sandbar height and the scoured volume. It was found that the jet flow through the gaps between piles caused the local scour around individual piles. A more or less two-dimensional deposition sandbar was found on the down-wave side of the pile breakwater in the later stage of the scour process. A new empirical equation was introduced to approximate the evolution of the depth of the scour hole induced by a series of solitary waves. The equation was verified by existing data reported in the literature for [Formula: see text] and the new data reported in this study. Effects of the distance between piles on the characteristics of the local scour were discussed by comparing the results for [Formula: see text] and 0.39. The comparison showed that the scour-hole depth and height of the sandbar for [Formula: see text] were all noticeably larger than the corresponding values for [Formula: see text].
{"title":"An Experimental Study of Characteristics of Solitary-Wave-Induced Scour Around a Pile Breakwater with a Discussion on Effects of the Distance Between Piles","authors":"Conghao Xu, Zhenhua Huang","doi":"10.1142/s1793431122400024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1793431122400024","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding tsunami-induced scour at a pile breakwater is important for the foundation safety of this type of coastal defense structures. A series of wave-flume tests were performed for [Formula: see text], with [Formula: see text] being the gap size and [Formula: see text] the pile diameter, to study the characteristics of the solitary-wave-induced local scour around a pile breakwater, including the scour-hole depth, scour-hole length, deposition sandbar height and the scoured volume. It was found that the jet flow through the gaps between piles caused the local scour around individual piles. A more or less two-dimensional deposition sandbar was found on the down-wave side of the pile breakwater in the later stage of the scour process. A new empirical equation was introduced to approximate the evolution of the depth of the scour hole induced by a series of solitary waves. The equation was verified by existing data reported in the literature for [Formula: see text] and the new data reported in this study. Effects of the distance between piles on the characteristics of the local scour were discussed by comparing the results for [Formula: see text] and 0.39. The comparison showed that the scour-hole depth and height of the sandbar for [Formula: see text] were all noticeably larger than the corresponding values for [Formula: see text].","PeriodicalId":50213,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Earthquake and Tsunami","volume":"106 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85260326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-30DOI: 10.1142/s1793431122400036
T. Iryo, K. Iiyama, M. Lalith, M. Hori
Regional-scale simulation in high spatial and temporal resolutions is being developed for a more reliable estimate of earthquake disasters in city and urban areas. Monte Carlo simulation is used to account for various uncertainties in analysis models. Since one regional-scale simulation needs a large amount of computation, it is important to estimate computational costs for the Monte Carlo simulation. In this paper, we first clarify uncertainties involved in the simulation of ground motion, structural seismic response, traffic flow, and economic recoveries. We then evaluate computational costs that are required for the reliable estimate using Tokyo Metropolis Earthquake as an example. The reliability of the Monte Carlo regional-scale simulation is discussed, considering the future trends of digital information about city and urban areas and monetized computational cost as well as the uncertainty of an earthquake scenario which is input to the regional-scale earthquake simulation.
{"title":"On Computational Costs for Monte Carlo Regional-Scale Simulation for Reliable Estimate of City and Urban Area Earthquake Disaster","authors":"T. Iryo, K. Iiyama, M. Lalith, M. Hori","doi":"10.1142/s1793431122400036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1793431122400036","url":null,"abstract":"Regional-scale simulation in high spatial and temporal resolutions is being developed for a more reliable estimate of earthquake disasters in city and urban areas. Monte Carlo simulation is used to account for various uncertainties in analysis models. Since one regional-scale simulation needs a large amount of computation, it is important to estimate computational costs for the Monte Carlo simulation. In this paper, we first clarify uncertainties involved in the simulation of ground motion, structural seismic response, traffic flow, and economic recoveries. We then evaluate computational costs that are required for the reliable estimate using Tokyo Metropolis Earthquake as an example. The reliability of the Monte Carlo regional-scale simulation is discussed, considering the future trends of digital information about city and urban areas and monetized computational cost as well as the uncertainty of an earthquake scenario which is input to the regional-scale earthquake simulation.","PeriodicalId":50213,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Earthquake and Tsunami","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83074991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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