Journal of Cytology最新文献

Background: HPV 18 is one of the important oncogenic types. HPV 18 is generally evaluated together with HPV 16 and/or high-risk HPV types in light microscopic studies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of only HPV 18 on the nucleus/cytoplasm ratio, and chromosomal and nuclear degenerative changes in liquid-based samples.

Materials and methods: Eighty liquid-based cervical samples were used in this retrospective study. These smears were prepared by HPV Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) detection and genotyping with the Cobas 4800 HPV system. Forty HPV 18 infected and forty smears with no infection agent were evaluated for chromosomal (nuclear budding, micronuclei), nuclear degenerative changes (membrane irregularity, nuclear enlargement, hyperchromasia, abnormal chromatin distribution, binucleation (BN), karyorrhexis (KR), karyolysis (KL), karyopyknosis (KP)), and cytologic findings (koilocyte (KC), cells with perinuclear PR) using light microscopy. Cellular diameters were evaluated using image analysis software. Statistical analysis was performed with Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 19.0. p values < .05 were considered significant.

Results: The statistically significant difference between the presence of HPV 18 and karyorrectic cell, KC, nuclear membrane irregularity, enlargement, the mean nuclear width and height (p < 0.05). No cellular changes other than those mentioned were observed.

Conclusions: The present study is significant in that, it reveals the relationship between only and particularly HPV 18 and nucleus/cytoplasm ratio, and chromosomal and nuclear degenerative changes in liquid-based cytology. HPV 18 affects KR, koilocytosis, nuclear membrane irregularity, enlargement, and nuclear diameters. Light microscopic analysis of these abnormalities increases the sensitivity and specificity of cytology in the evaluation of cellular pictures due to HPV 18.

Background: Serous effusion cytology (SEC) reporting is important for the management of the cancer patient. The International System for Reporting Serous Fluid Cytology (ISRSFC) provides tiered reporting terminology to standardize practice, looking into the risk of malignancy (MAL) for each category. In this study, we have assessed the utility of the ISRSFC and reported our experience at a tertiary cancer center.

Materials and methods: Serous fluid cytology reported from January 2019 to December 2020 was categorized according to ISRSFC diagnostic categories: nondiagnostic (ND), negative for MAL (NFM), atypia of undetermined significance (AUS), suspicious for MAL (SFM), and MAL. The risk of MAL (ROM) and performance parameters were calculated.

Results: A total of 2150 serous effusions including 1160 pleural, 929 peritoneal, and 61 pericardial effusions from 2071 patients were reported. There were 742 males and 1329 females. The patient's age ranged from less than 1 yr to 95 years. The volume of the sample ranged from 0.5 ml to 2000 ml. There were 114 ND (5.32%), 1068 NFM (49.67%), 144 AUS (6.69%), 82 SFM (3.81%), and 742 MAL (34.51%) cases. Adenocarcinoma was the most common MAL involving serous fluids (91.50%). The calculated ROM was 15.38% for ND, 24.26% for NFM, 62.96% for AUS, 79.16% for SFM, and 100% for MAL. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and diagnostic accuracy were, respectively, 68.04%, 96.96%, 96.35%, 72.07%, and 81.33%.

Conclusion: ISRSFC provides consistent reporting terminology and the ROM for each category aids in clinical correlation and management.

Introduction: Cellblock (CB) with immunohistochemistry (IHC) is practically indispensable in the diagnostic workup of serous effusions; however, CB requires a minimum of 15-20 h for routine histopathological processing. A reduction in processing time can expedite a faster diagnosis.

Aim: This study was undertaken to evaluate the utility of the heat-induced CB (HICB) technique.

Material and methods: Two sets of agar-embedded CBs were processed from 50 effusion samples. CBs were further processed by conventional and rapid methods. Conventional CBs (CCB) were processed in a histoprocessor, whereas rapid CB was processed in a heated water bath with an agitation facility. For HICB processing, dehydration and clearing were performed at 50°C followed by paraffin wax impregnation at 65°C temperature. From both CBs, sections of 5 um thickness were cut and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H and E). Cell morphology, cost, and time were compared between the two methods. The feasibility of IHC was attempted in a few cases.

Results: HICB was completed within 4.30 h compared with CCB. Diagnoses on both CBs were concordant in all the cases. Incomplete dehydration was noted in six (12%) cases, but the diagnosis was not compromised. No additional cost was involved in HICB. On IHC, both HICB and CCB exhibited equivalent expression.

Conclusions: HICB is a rapid, innovative, simple, and cost-effective technique and expedites faster diagnosis. It does not require any advanced equipment.

Aims: Thyroid nodules are one of the most frequent medical issues in endocrinology in our country and around the world. The appropriate evaluation of the nodule is critical in the management of patients. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is one of the most accurate tools for evaluating these nodules. Conventional and liquid-based (LB) methods are available for thyroid FNAC. In this paper, we aim to determine the best cytological method for the evaluation of thyroid fine needle aspiration materials.

Settings and design: Fine needle aspiration (FNA) materials obtained and prepared by conventional and LB methods from 310 patients were evaluated. These slides were compared in terms of 12 cytological parameters in a three-tiered system, and the kappa coefficient was calculated.

Methods and material: Two slides were prepared from FNA samples, and the rest of the material was left in protective solution for LB cytology. Surepath was used as a LB technique. Conventional slides (CS) were left to dry in the air and stained with May Grunwald Giemsa. Slides prepared by two different techniques were compared in 12 cytomorphological parameters, and Kappa coefficients and correlations were calculated.

Statistical analysis used: Kappa statistics.

Results: In comparison of LB and CS, the highest kappa coefficient was in chromatin texture (ĸ:0.738) and inflammatory cells (ĸ: 0.482). On other parameters, fair or poor agreement was observed.

Conclusions: Although there are some superiorities to LB cytology, co-application of these two methods is more favorable in thyroid fine needle aspiration.