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Technology of Confident Judgment when Decision Making in the Education System 教育系统决策时的自信判断技术
IF 0.6 4区 计算机科学 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Pub Date : 2024-08-13 DOI: 10.1134/s1064230724700126
V. V. Malyshev, S. A. Piyavsky

Abstract

The rapid digitalization of all aspects of society is leading to fundamental changes in the field of education. In order to form and implement fundamentally new methods of education and teaching, it is necessary to use modern knowledge-intensive methods of preparing and making complex decisions, and in particular, to actively work with information presented not only in numerical and quantitative scales but also in ordinal scales such as “better–worse,” “more important–less important.” From these positions, the article uses the method proposed by the authors of the confident judgments of the decision maker (DM). It is shown that its use in selecting the most worthy applicants to continue their education in higher education will expand the powers of universities and will more accurately take into account the individual characteristics and preferences of schoolchildren and their parents; when used within the framework of an integral system for the identification and long-term development of creatively gifted students in the field of science and technology, it will make it possible to create an objective meter (creative rating) for a comprehensive assessment of the degree of creative growth of each young researcher and create based on this a scientifically managed system for supporting his guided development. As a result, a holistic system of the optimal planning of the activities of its institutes will appear in the organization of scientific activities of the university, based on target guidelines and the general development strategy of the university and at the same time taking into account the specific features of the general satisfaction with the work of the staff of each institute.

摘要 社会各方面的迅速数字化正在导致教育领域发生根本性的变化。为了形成和实施全新的教育和教学方法,有必要使用现代知识密集型方法来准备和做出复杂的决策,特别是积极处理不仅以数字和定量尺度呈现的信息,而且以 "更好-更差"、"更重要-不重要 "等序数尺度呈现的信息。从这些立场出发,文章采用了作者提出的决策者(DM)自信判断方法。结果表明,在选择最有资格继续接受高等教育的申请人时使用这种方法,将扩大大学的权力,并将更准确地考虑到在校学生及其家长的个人特点和偏好;如果在识别和长期培养科技领域有创造性天赋的学生的综合系统框架内使用这种方法,将有可能为全面评估每个年轻研究人员的创造性成长程度创建一个客观的衡量标准(创造性评级),并在此基础上创建一个科学管理的系统,以支持其有指导性的发展。因此,在大学科学活动的组织中,将出现一个对其研究所的活动进行最佳规划的整体系统,该系统将以大学的目标准则和总体发展战略为基础,同时考虑到对每个研究所工作人员工作的总体满意度的具体特点。
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引用次数: 0
Interpretability of Learning in a Signal Processing System 信号处理系统中学习的可解释性
IF 0.6 4区 计算机科学 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Pub Date : 2024-08-13 DOI: 10.1134/s1064230724700096
A. A. Dokukin, A. V. Kuznetsova, N. V. Okulov, O. V. Senko, V. Ya. Chuchupal

Abstract

This paper presents a software package that allows us to generate algorithms for the automatic classification of signals. The software package includes an algorithm that converts records of continuous signals into vector form and a set of machine learning methods, as well as data mining tools aimed at achieving transparency and interpretability of learning. This approach is based on the presentation of differences between the compared classes as a set of relatively simple, statistically significant and interpretable effects, which are graphically represented on two-dimensional diagrams. The performance of the method is illustrated on the problem of assessing the state of a hive by sound signals. The software package can be used in solving applied problems of automatic diagnostics and data analysis.

摘要 本文介绍了一个软件包,通过该软件包,我们可以生成信号自动分类算法。该软件包包括一种将连续信号记录转换为矢量形式的算法和一套机器学习方法,以及旨在实现学习的透明度和可解释性的数据挖掘工具。这种方法的基础是将比较类别之间的差异呈现为一组相对简单、具有统计意义且可解释的效应,这些效应以图形方式表示在二维图表上。通过声音信号评估蜂巢状态的问题说明了该方法的性能。该软件包可用于解决自动诊断和数据分析方面的应用问题。
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引用次数: 0
Minimization of an Integral Quadratic Estimate of the Controlled Variable in Systems with Distributed Parameters 分布参数系统中受控变量二次整数估计值的最小化
IF 0.6 4区 计算机科学 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Pub Date : 2024-08-13 DOI: 10.1134/s1064230724700084
Yu. E. Pleshivtseva, E. Ya. Rapoport

Abstract

A constructive method for solving the linear-quadratic problem of the optimal control of a parabolic-type system with distributed parameters is proposed under the condition of the uniform estimation of the target sets. The optimality criterion takes the form of an integral quadratic estimate of the controlled state function in the spatiotemporal domain of its definition. A parameterized representation of the control inputs is given with the required accuracy within special intervals of the optimal process, where the control inputs cannot be determined using first-order analytical optimality conditions. The proposed approach is based on the previously developed alternance method for constructing parameterized algorithms of programmed control, which heavily relies on the fundamental regularities of the subject area. It is demonstrated that the equations of the optimal regulators within the special intervals are reduced to the linear feedback algorithms based on the measured states of the objects. These algorithms are supplemented with switches at the boundary points to apply the admissible control inputs corresponding to the calculated values of the controlled variable.

摘要 在目标集均匀估计的条件下,提出了一种解决具有分布参数的抛物线型系统最优控制线性二次问题的构造方法。最优性准则的形式是在其定义的时空域中对受控状态函数进行积分二次估计。在最优过程的特殊区间内,控制输入的参数化表示具有所需的精度,在这些区间内,控制输入无法使用一阶分析最优性条件来确定。所提出的方法基于之前开发的交替法,用于构建程序控制的参数化算法,该方法在很大程度上依赖于该主题领域的基本规律性。实验证明,特殊区间内的最优调节器方程可以简化为基于物体测量状态的线性反馈算法。这些算法在边界点辅以开关,以应用与受控变量的计算值相对应的可接受控制输入。
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引用次数: 0
On a Numerical Estimation Method with the Given Accuracy of the Quantile Criterion in the Case of a Piece-Linear Loss Function and Gaussian Probability Density 关于在片线性损失函数和高斯概率密度情况下定量标准给定精度的数值估计方法
IF 0.6 4区 计算机科学 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Pub Date : 2024-08-13 DOI: 10.1134/s1064230724700047
V. N. Nefedov

Abstract

The solution of many practical problems leads to the calculation of the values of probabilistic criteria, among which the most common ones are the quantile and probability functionals. It is known that, under fairly general assumptions, methods suitable for solving problems of finding the values of a probabilistic criterion can be used to solve the problem of quantile analysis. The proposed method for solving the problem of quantile analysis is based on the use of the method of numerical multidimensional integration described in the previous works of the author. One of the important properties of this integration method is universality (when using it, we can set an arbitrary number of variables n and an arbitrary number of linear constraints r). The only limitation is the case of the possible unacceptably long solution time. Thus, the indicated universality is transferred to the solution of the considered problem of quantile analysis.

摘要 许多实际问题的解决都需要计算概率标准值,其中最常见的是量子函数和概率函数。众所周知,在相当一般的假设条件下,适用于求解概率标准值问题的方法可用于解决量值分析问题。所提出的解决量值分析问题的方法是基于使用作者以前著作中描述的数值多维积分法。这种积分方法的一个重要特性是普遍性(使用时,我们可以设置任意数量的变量 n 和任意数量的线性约束 r)。唯一的限制是求解时间可能过长。因此,所指出的普遍性也适用于所考虑的量化分析问题的求解。
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引用次数: 0
Researching Performance of the Dubins Vehicle’s Hybrid Model with a Single Separation of the Control Objects 研究控制对象单一分离的杜宾斯车辆混合动力模型的性能
IF 0.6 4区 计算机科学 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Pub Date : 2024-08-13 DOI: 10.1134/s1064230724700072
A. S. Bortakovskii, I. V. Uryupin

Abstract

The problem of the performance of a hybrid system in which the number of control objects changes during its operation is considered. Movement is started by one control object (carrier). At some point in time, several moving objects are separated from it and sent to specified terminal states (targets). The carrier is represented by a hybrid model of the Dubins vehicle, allowing trajectories of unlimited curvature. The movement of separated objects is rectilinear with limited speeds and accelerations. The problem of minimizing the time to achieve all targets is solved.

摘要 本文考虑了一个混合系统的性能问题,该系统在运行过程中控制对象的数量会发生变化。一个控制对象(载体)开始运动。在某个时间点,几个运动物体从载体中分离出来,并被送往指定的终端状态(目标)。载体由杜宾斯飞行器的混合模型表示,其轨迹曲率不受限制。分离物体的运动为直线运动,速度和加速度有限。要解决的问题是尽量缩短实现所有目标的时间。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of Nodal Multiflows in a Multiuser System with Equalizing Control Strategies 采用均衡控制策略的多用户系统中的节点多流分析
IF 0.6 4区 计算机科学 Q3 Mathematics Pub Date : 2024-01-12 DOI: 10.1134/s1064230723060084
Yu. E. Malashenko, I. A. Nazarova

Abstract

Within the framework of computational experiments on a mathematical model of a multiuser network communication system, the dynamics of changes in the indicators of the functioning of a telecommunications network are studied. The proposed algorithmic scheme makes it possible to sequentially form component-by-component nondecreasing vectors of permissible outgoing nodal multiflows. The model assumes that the transmission of interstitial flows of different types is carried out simultaneously from all nodes by all nodes along all routes with the minimum number of edges. During the calculations, resources are distributed in equal shares at each step until the network is fully loaded. The results obtained during the experiments make it possible to trace changes in the values of quotas distributed to the nodes for transmitting a certain type of flow. The found vectors of allowable outgoing nodal multiflows can be considered as guaranteed multicriterial estimates of the functioning of a multiuser system. Networks with different structural features and equal total capacity are analyzed. Special diagrams are provided.

摘要 在多用户网络通信系统数学模型的计算实验框架内,研究了电信网络运行指标的动态变化。所提出的算法方案可以按顺序形成逐个组件的允许出节点多流量非递减向量。该模型假定,不同类型的间隙流的传输是由所有节点沿着边数最少的所有路由同时进行的。在计算过程中,每一步的资源分配都是均等的,直到网络满载为止。根据实验结果,可以追踪为传输某类流量而分配给节点的配额值的变化。所发现的允许出站节点多流量向量可视为多用户系统运行的多标准保证估计值。对具有不同结构特征且总容量相等的网络进行了分析。提供了特殊的图表。
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引用次数: 0
Guiding an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle with a Thermal Imaging Correlation-Contrast Algorithm of Automatic Tracking in Conditions of Information Counteraction 利用信息对抗条件下自动跟踪的热成像相关-对比算法引导无人驾驶飞行器
IF 0.6 4区 计算机科学 Q3 Mathematics Pub Date : 2024-01-12 DOI: 10.1134/s1064230723060047
V. A. Boldinov, V. A. Bukhalev, A. A. Skrynnikov, B. L. Shapiro

Abstract

The problem of constructing an algorithm for automatic tracking of a ground object for a guidance system (GS) for an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is considered. The guidance system includes a thermal imaging target coordinator with a combined correlation-contrast direction finding algorithm and a strapdown inertial navigation system. Guidance takes place under conditions of information counteraction, which causes random interruptions in information and random changes in the power of interference, which are recorded by the corresponding indicators. A combined noise-resistant automatic tracking algorithm is obtained, using the readings of information interruption indicators, interference power, and measuring bearing angles, based on the theory of systems with a random jump structure. An example is given that illustrates the operation of the algorithm and demonstrates the satisfactory accuracy of automatic tracking.

摘要 研究了为无人驾驶飞行器(UAV)的制导系统(GS)构建自动跟踪地面目标算法的问题。制导系统包括一个热成像目标协调器和一个相关-对比组合测向算法,以及一个带式惯性导航系统。制导是在信息对抗条件下进行的,信息对抗会导致信息的随机中断和干扰功率的随机变化,这些都会被相应的指示器记录下来。根据随机跳跃结构系统的理论,利用信息中断指示器读数、干扰功率和测量方位角,获得了一种综合抗噪自动跟踪算法。举例说明了该算法的运行情况,并展示了令人满意的自动跟踪精度。
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引用次数: 0
Controlling the Process of Formation of the Scientific and Technological Background in Aircraft Construction Based on the Assessment of a Deficit of Functional Properties of Promising Aircraft 基于对有前途飞机功能特性缺陷的评估,控制飞机制造科技背景的形成过程
IF 0.6 4区 计算机科学 Q3 Mathematics Pub Date : 2024-01-12 DOI: 10.1134/s1064230723060023
K. S. Anisimov, V. N. Evdokimenkov, M. N. Krasil’shchikov, K. I. Sypalo, N. B. Toporov

Abstract

The existing experience of the design of aviation technology proves that in a number of cases a promising aircraft (AC) that satisfies the set of requirements cannot be created within the framework of the accumulated scientific and technical groundwork in the field of AC manufacturing. As a result, there is a need to determine priority scientific and technical solutions, whose implementation, under time and financial constraints, will ensure the creation of an AC that meets the stated requirements. It is shown that such a problem can be interpreted as a so-called generalized optimization problem, whose difference from the classical mathematical programming problem lies in the fact that the set of permissible values of flight performance characteristics (FPC) is an additional object of optimization. A constructive algorithm for solving such a problem is proposed, whose capabilities are illustrated using the example of designing a transport ramp aircraft.

摘要 现有的航空技术设计经验证明,在许多情况下,在航空技术制造领域积累的科学和技术基础框架内,无法制造出满足一系列要求的有前途的飞机(AC)。因此,有必要确定优先的科学和技术解决方案,在时间和资金有限的情况下,实施这些解决方案将确保制造出符合既定要求的飞机。研究表明,这种问题可以解释为所谓的广义优化问题,它与经典数学编程问题的区别在于,飞行性能特征(FPC)的允许值集是一个额外的优化对象。本文提出了一种解决此类问题的建设性算法,并以设计运输机坪飞机为例说明了该算法的能力。
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引用次数: 0
Structural Models for Failure Detection of Moore Finite-State Machines 摩尔有限状态机故障检测结构模型
IF 0.6 4区 计算机科学 Q3 Mathematics Pub Date : 2024-01-12 DOI: 10.1134/s1064230723060102
V. V. Solov’ev

Abstract

Fault detection is an important task in the design of fault-tolerant state machines. Structural models of Moore finite-state machines are proposed to detect multiple faults in various elements of the finite-state machine and prevent their negative impact on the controlled object. The structural models under consideration make it possible to detect invalid input and output vectors both in each state and for the entire automaton, invalid code of the current and next state of the automaton, and invalid transitions between states. The costs of implementing the proposed structures by area range on average from 3 to 26%, and the speed of the machine either does not change or even increases by an average of 24–30%. Estimates of the area and performance of the proposed structural models of finite-state machines are given, and recommendations for their practical use are given. It is shown that the choice of a suitable structure allows us not to increase the area, and in some cases even leads to an increase in the performance of the finite-state machine.

摘要 故障检测是容错状态机设计中的一项重要任务。本文提出了摩尔有限状态机的结构模型,以检测有限状态机各元素中的多重故障,并防止其对受控对象产生负面影响。所考虑的结构模型可以检测每个状态和整个自动机的无效输入和输出向量、自动机当前和下一个状态的无效代码以及状态之间的无效转换。按面积计算,实施建议结构的成本平均为 3% 至 26%,而机器的速度要么没有变化,要么甚至平均提高了 24%-30%。本文给出了有限状态机结构模型的面积和性能估算,并对其实际应用提出了建议。结果表明,选择合适的结构不仅不会增加面积,在某些情况下甚至会提高有限状态机的性能。
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引用次数: 0
Inverse Problem for a Distributed System from Pulse Technology 脉冲技术的分布式系统逆问题
IF 0.6 4区 计算机科学 Q3 Mathematics Pub Date : 2024-01-12 DOI: 10.1134/s1064230723060060
R. V. Khachaturov

Abstract

An inverse problem with distributed parameters for the process of the self-focusing of cylindrical X-ray pulses in a plasma is considered, and a mathematical model of the studied process in a cylindrical coordinate system is described, taking into account the symmetry of the pulse relative to the direction of its propagation. A similar process in the case of plane pulses is compared, a computational method for solving the direct problem of interaction between the plasma and pulse for the given parameter values is presented, the second order of approximation and the asymptotic stability of the constructed difference scheme are proved. It is proposed to use the equivalence set method to solve the inverse problem of determining the initial parameters of the plasma and pulse from the shape of a cylindrical X-ray pulse passing through it and the dynamics of its maximum intensity. Using this problem as an example, an algorithm for using the equivalence set method to solve inverse problems is described.

摘要 考虑到脉冲相对于其传播方向的对称性,研究了等离子体中圆柱形 X 射线脉冲自聚焦过程的分布参数逆问题,并描述了在圆柱坐标系中研究过程的数学模型。比较了平面脉冲情况下的类似过程,提出了在给定参数值下直接解决等离子体和脉冲之间相互作用问题的计算方法,证明了所构建差分方案的二阶近似性和渐进稳定性。建议使用等价集方法来解决逆问题,即根据穿过等离子体的圆柱形 X 射线脉冲的形状及其最大强度的动态来确定等离子体和脉冲的初始参数。以这个问题为例,描述了使用等价集方法解决逆问题的算法。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Computer and Systems Sciences International
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