Hydroelectric dams have a great influence on the safety of the downstream area. Therefore, deformation monitoring for assessing the safety of dam should be carried out regularly. In order to improve efficiency of the dam management, it is necessary to analyse the displacement values in space, over time to assess overally the displacement of dam. In this purpose, an attempt was conducted to analyse the subsidence of hydroelectric dams located in Hoa Binh, Vietnam using one of the most useful method – Kalman filter. Kalman filter is the unique method that can determine influence of external factors (particularly, elevation of water level in the reservoir) on dams, simultaneously forecast the displacement values of dam in the future. Moreover, Kalman filter allows to predict subsidence accurately in about 6 months that is longer prediction time than other static models. These are clearly presented and discussed in the article. The obtained results demonstrate the high applicability of Kalman filter method in analysing and forecasting the subsidence of the Hoa Binh hydroelectric dam.
{"title":"SUBSIDENCE ANALYSIS OF HYDROELECTRIC DAM USING THE KALMAN FILTER – A CASE STUDY IN HOA BINH HYDROPOWER PLANT, VIETNAM","authors":"Thi Kim Thanh Nguyen","doi":"10.3846/gac.2024.18892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/gac.2024.18892","url":null,"abstract":"Hydroelectric dams have a great influence on the safety of the downstream area. Therefore, deformation monitoring for assessing the safety of dam should be carried out regularly. In order to improve efficiency of the dam management, it is necessary to analyse the displacement values in space, over time to assess overally the displacement of dam. In this purpose, an attempt was conducted to analyse the subsidence of hydroelectric dams located in Hoa Binh, Vietnam using one of the most useful method – Kalman filter. Kalman filter is the unique method that can determine influence of external factors (particularly, elevation of water level in the reservoir) on dams, simultaneously forecast the displacement values of dam in the future. Moreover, Kalman filter allows to predict subsidence accurately in about 6 months that is longer prediction time than other static models. These are clearly presented and discussed in the article. The obtained results demonstrate the high applicability of Kalman filter method in analysing and forecasting the subsidence of the Hoa Binh hydroelectric dam.","PeriodicalId":502308,"journal":{"name":"Geodesy and cartography","volume":" 58","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141680036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-20DOI: 10.22389/0016-7126-2024-1006-4-20-29
N.E. Krasnoshtanova, A.K. Cherkashin
Geoinformation modeling and mapping were carried out and depicted in cartograms of the individual parameters of the models necessary for calculating the society response current indicators to spreading of the new coronavirus COVID-19 pandemic in various countries. The epidemic process is described in terms of the reliability theory by the accumulation of the disease frequency as the sum of the daily increase proportion in coronavirus infection’s confirmed cases. The Fréchet distribution function of the maximum values of the population reaction moments to contagion is used as a mathematical model for the growth trend. The statistical processing of spatial data is based on a non-dimensional indicator of integrated disease hazard and its linearized version, which enables calculating the mapped parameters of the model changing from country to country and indicating the efficiency of prevention and anti-epidemic measures implemented by the state and society
{"title":"Mapping the heterogeneity of population response in different countries to the spread of COVID-19","authors":"N.E. Krasnoshtanova, A.K. Cherkashin","doi":"10.22389/0016-7126-2024-1006-4-20-29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2024-1006-4-20-29","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Geoinformation modeling and mapping were carried out and depicted in cartograms of the individual parameters of the models necessary for calculating the society response current indicators to spreading of the new coronavirus COVID-19 pandemic in various countries. The epidemic process is described in terms of the reliability theory by the accumulation of the disease frequency as the sum of the daily increase proportion in coronavirus infection’s confirmed cases. The Fréchet distribution function of the maximum values of the population reaction moments to contagion is used as a mathematical model for the growth trend. The statistical processing of spatial data is based on a non-dimensional indicator of integrated disease hazard and its linearized version, which enables calculating the mapped parameters of the model changing from country to country and indicating the efficiency of prevention and anti-epidemic measures implemented by the state and society\u0000","PeriodicalId":502308,"journal":{"name":"Geodesy and cartography","volume":"62 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141121669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-20DOI: 10.22389/0016-7126-2024-1006-4-2-9
E.M. Mazurova, Yu.M. Neiman, L.S. Sugaipova
One of the main tasks of modern physical geodesy is to determine the high-frequency part of the Earth’s gravity field (EGF), which inevitably depends on the individual characteristics of a particular computational area. It is well known that in global EGF modeling it is especially convenient to have a spherical function series. However, these series forming a reliable basis for global modeling are unsuitable for approximation in a local area because they lose orthogonality, the most important property of basis functions. The authors describe the possibility of imparting this property to spherical functions in the necessary part of the sphere, which enables further using the habitual apparatus of harmonic series for approximation of EGF in local areas. Of course, the foregoing is only concerned to the most basic concepts of the new direction in modeling the EGF in a local region
{"title":"A system of spherical functions orthogonal in the local segment of the sphere","authors":"E.M. Mazurova, Yu.M. Neiman, L.S. Sugaipova","doi":"10.22389/0016-7126-2024-1006-4-2-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2024-1006-4-2-9","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000One of the main tasks of modern physical geodesy is to determine the high-frequency part of the Earth’s gravity field (EGF), which inevitably depends on the individual characteristics of a particular computational area. It is well known that in global EGF modeling it is especially convenient to have a spherical function series. However, these series forming a reliable basis for global modeling are unsuitable for approximation in a local area because they lose orthogonality, the most important property of basis functions. The authors describe the possibility of imparting this property to spherical functions in the necessary part of the sphere, which enables further using the habitual apparatus of harmonic series for approximation of EGF in local areas. Of course, the foregoing is only concerned to the most basic concepts of the new direction in modeling the EGF in a local region\u0000","PeriodicalId":502308,"journal":{"name":"Geodesy and cartography","volume":"16 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141122377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-20DOI: 10.22389/0016-7126-2024-1006-4-51-61
N.R. Kamynina, V.P. Savinikh
The authors explore the history of foundation and development of one of the oldest universities in Russia, Moscow State University of Geodesy and Cartography (MIIGAiK). They note that it has acted as a fundamental scientific and educational institution in the field of geodesy and cartography, successfully solving the most important governmental goals for its more than two centuries of its history. The historical features are revealed, as well as the current activities and development prospects of the University are analyzed. For decades, our scientists have been the leaders in scientific developments for the space industry. The institution successfully operates a Comprehensive Laboratory for the Study of Extraterrestrial Territories, exploring the natural satellites of Earth, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn. MIIGAiK is the main university of the rocket and space industry, which is part of the “Roscosmos Constellation” consortium. It is an integral element of the city and the country ecosystem paying special attention to arranging a comfortable and safe cultural and educational environment to develop creative and professional potential of each student
{"title":"Moscow State University of Geodesy and Cartography: 245 years of serving the Motherland","authors":"N.R. Kamynina, V.P. Savinikh","doi":"10.22389/0016-7126-2024-1006-4-51-61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2024-1006-4-51-61","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The authors explore the history of foundation and development of one of the oldest universities in Russia, Moscow State University of Geodesy and Cartography (MIIGAiK). They note that it has acted as a fundamental scientific and educational institution in the field of geodesy and cartography, successfully solving the most important governmental goals for its more than two centuries of its history. The historical features are revealed, as well as the current activities and development prospects of the University are analyzed. For decades, our scientists have been the leaders in scientific developments for the space industry. The institution successfully operates a Comprehensive Laboratory for the Study of Extraterrestrial Territories, exploring the natural satellites of Earth, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn. MIIGAiK is the main university of the rocket and space industry, which is part of the “Roscosmos Constellation” consortium. It is an integral element of the city and the country ecosystem paying special attention to arranging a comfortable and safe cultural and educational environment to develop creative and professional potential of each student\u0000","PeriodicalId":502308,"journal":{"name":"Geodesy and cartography","volume":"75 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141123170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-20DOI: 10.22389/0016-7126-2024-1006-4-30-40
A.V. Chernov, S. Gorobtsov, M. Altyntsev, A.A. Kharazian, D.V. Gogolev
In the context of increased urbanization and limited land resources, the efficient vertical planning (including underground and airspace) of the territory, taking into account the existing edifices, as well as the design of new facilities to provide the population with the necessary housing (apartment blocks), is of key importance. Implementation of this tendency is impossible without description of the area with metric 3D models (information ones), which should also be reflected in the master plans of real estate objects (in the design of new buildings). The authors provide practical research on selecting optimal methods of getting information and processing it to form a 3D model of capital construction projects (using the example of an apartment block with protruding structures). For obtaining the data (x, y, H) on the position of the real estate object in space, it is proposed to use a combined or photogrammetric method (depending on the specific survey conditions). The authors also concluded the necessity of improving the legal framework regarding the data format for 3D modeling of real estate using domestic (RF) software
{"title":"Analyzing methods of obtaining and processing data for forming a real estate property master plan`s 3D model","authors":"A.V. Chernov, S. Gorobtsov, M. Altyntsev, A.A. Kharazian, D.V. Gogolev","doi":"10.22389/0016-7126-2024-1006-4-30-40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2024-1006-4-30-40","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000In the context of increased urbanization and limited land resources, the efficient vertical planning (including underground and airspace) of the territory, taking into account the existing edifices, as well as the design of new facilities to provide the population with the necessary housing (apartment blocks), is of key importance. Implementation of this tendency is impossible without description of the area with metric 3D models (information ones), which should also be reflected in the master plans of real estate objects (in the design of new buildings). The authors provide practical research on selecting optimal methods of getting information and processing it to form a 3D model of capital construction projects (using the example of an apartment block with protruding structures). For obtaining the data (x, y, H) on the position of the real estate object in space, it is proposed to use a combined or photogrammetric method (depending on the specific survey conditions). The authors also concluded the necessity of improving the legal framework regarding the data format for 3D modeling of real estate using domestic (RF) software\u0000","PeriodicalId":502308,"journal":{"name":"Geodesy and cartography","volume":"15 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141119902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-20DOI: 10.22389/0016-7126-2024-1006-4-10-19
V. Doroshenko
The author examines the open sands’ spatial position dynamics in the east of the Stavropol Krai (Levokumsky, Neftekumsky, Stepnovsky and Kursk rayon) in the context of the months of 2023. The current year differs from a number of previous ones (2017–2022) in terms of meteorological conditions, in connection with which the changes assessment will clarify the dust storms impact degree on the sandy areas acreage. Mapping of open sands was carried out using satellite survey data (Sentinel-2) for each month for the March-October period 2023. At the beginning of the term, the area of open sands was 51 thousand ha, due to gradual decrease in October, 17.2 thousand ha were identified. Monthly dynamics for 9.6 thousand objects was estimated, considering differentiation into parts caused by the proliferation of annual psammophytes. The results of determining the species composition of vegetation on the sands during field research are presented. The accuracy of decryption exceeded 98 %
{"title":"Assessing the open sand areas monthly dynamics in the east of the Stavropol Krai in 2023","authors":"V. Doroshenko","doi":"10.22389/0016-7126-2024-1006-4-10-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2024-1006-4-10-19","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The author examines the open sands’ spatial position dynamics in the east of the Stavropol Krai (Levokumsky, Neftekumsky, Stepnovsky and Kursk rayon) in the context of the months of 2023. The current year differs from a number of previous ones (2017–2022) in terms of meteorological conditions, in connection with which the changes assessment will clarify the dust storms impact degree on the sandy areas acreage. Mapping of open sands was carried out using satellite survey data (Sentinel-2) for each month for the March-October period 2023. At the beginning of the term, the area of open sands was 51 thousand ha, due to gradual decrease in October, 17.2 thousand ha were identified. Monthly dynamics for 9.6 thousand objects was estimated, considering differentiation into parts caused by the proliferation of annual psammophytes. The results of determining the species composition of vegetation on the sands during field research are presented. The accuracy of decryption exceeded 98 %\u0000","PeriodicalId":502308,"journal":{"name":"Geodesy and cartography","volume":"20 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141120661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-20DOI: 10.22389/0016-7126-2024-1006-4-41-50
T.V. Papaskiri, S.A. Lipski, A.Yu. Soshnikov
Using the example of the country's oldest agricultural university, the State University of Land Management, the article analyzes the possibilities of modern agricultural education to participate in solving topical issues of various subjects, but at the same time united by an unconditional common thing – land resources and their study. At the same time, the history of the development of this educational institution and its current specifics are characterized. Attention is paid to the development strategy of the University and, in particular, to the implementation of the project to create a technopark with the status of a scientific and educational center on the basis of the University geodetic polygon agro (bio). This strategic project develops the existing components of university science and education to the greatest extent. The authors point out that this will be achieved through the integrated development of five clusters at once
{"title":"The country's oldest agricultural university, the State University of Land Management, is 245 years old","authors":"T.V. Papaskiri, S.A. Lipski, A.Yu. Soshnikov","doi":"10.22389/0016-7126-2024-1006-4-41-50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2024-1006-4-41-50","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Using the example of the country's oldest agricultural university, the State University of Land Management, the article analyzes the possibilities of modern agricultural education to participate in solving topical issues of various subjects, but at the same time united by an unconditional common thing – land resources and their study. At the same time, the history of the development of this educational institution and its current specifics are characterized. Attention is paid to the development strategy of the University and, in particular, to the implementation of the project to create a technopark with the status of a scientific and educational center on the basis of the University geodetic polygon agro (bio). This strategic project develops the existing components of university science and education to the greatest extent. The authors point out that this will be achieved through the integrated development of five clusters at once\u0000","PeriodicalId":502308,"journal":{"name":"Geodesy and cartography","volume":"16 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141119771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
GRACE Satellite (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) is a gravity monitoring satellite, that is very sensitive to mass changes, especially the signals that produce by redistribution of water masses. Data from this satellite can be used to observe water distribution in the form of spherical harmonic coefficients. Water mass variations are presented as Equivalent Water Height (EWH). The results of GRACE processing showed that the largest EWH was 27.298 cm in January 2015 and the smallest EWH was 29.816 cm in June 2004 in Sumatera Island. The positive trend occurred in Sumatra island and the negative trend occurred in eastern Indonesia. Generally, the trend of Indonesian rainfall throughout 2002 to 2016 was constant. However, there was a change in seasonal patterns in 2014. This research also use Mascon data from GRACE satellite to determine the radius of the gaussian filter and TRMM satellite’s data to observe rainfall data to be compared with the EWH variability from GRACE.
{"title":"VARIABILITY OF EQUIVALENT WATER HEIGHT (EWH) IN INDONESIA DURING 14 YEARS OF GRACE GRAVITY SATELLITE MISSION","authors":"Safri Yanti Rahayu, I. M. Anjasmara","doi":"10.3846/gac.2024.17872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3846/gac.2024.17872","url":null,"abstract":"GRACE Satellite (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) is a gravity monitoring satellite, that is very sensitive to mass changes, especially the signals that produce by redistribution of water masses. Data from this satellite can be used to observe water distribution in the form of spherical harmonic coefficients. Water mass variations are presented as Equivalent Water Height (EWH). The results of GRACE processing showed that the largest EWH was 27.298 cm in January 2015 and the smallest EWH was 29.816 cm in June 2004 in Sumatera Island. The positive trend occurred in Sumatra island and the negative trend occurred in eastern Indonesia. Generally, the trend of Indonesian rainfall throughout 2002 to 2016 was constant. However, there was a change in seasonal patterns in 2014. This research also use Mascon data from GRACE satellite to determine the radius of the gaussian filter and TRMM satellite’s data to observe rainfall data to be compared with the EWH variability from GRACE.","PeriodicalId":502308,"journal":{"name":"Geodesy and cartography","volume":"132 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140669181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-20DOI: 10.22389/0016-7126-2024-1005-3-30-41
A. Vorobev, G. Vorobeva
Recently in modern geoinformatics, the task of transforming coordinate systems has been one of the most significant. In this case, coordinate processing is performed for various projections, supported by many geographic information systems and the corresponding software libraries. At the same time, problems associated with transformation into specialized coordinate systems for example geomagnetic ones remain practically unsolved. Moreover, such a conversion is necessary to describe various geophysical processes, the occurrence and course of which largely depend on the parameters of the main magnetic poles of the Earth. In the paper, the authors proposed a web-based approach to transforming a geographic coordinate system into a geomagnetic one and ensuring prompt results based on the original spatiotemporal parameters. The architecture of the web solution was modernized by combining various web patterns; it provides support for a plug-in structure and loose coupling of program modules. It is shown that the proposed solution does not depend on the type of the consumer and can be used with interfaces of various kinds, provided that the appropriate interaction protocol is used. The performed computational experiments showed that calculations of geomagnetic coordinates based on the mentioned algorithm match to the known expressions and models
{"title":"Web-based approach to transforming geocentric coordinate systems","authors":"A. Vorobev, G. Vorobeva","doi":"10.22389/0016-7126-2024-1005-3-30-41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2024-1005-3-30-41","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Recently in modern geoinformatics, the task of transforming coordinate systems has been one of the most significant. In this case, coordinate processing is performed for various projections, supported by many geographic information systems and the corresponding software libraries. At the same time, problems associated with transformation into specialized coordinate systems for example geomagnetic ones remain practically unsolved. Moreover, such a conversion is necessary to describe various geophysical processes, the occurrence and course of which largely depend on the parameters of the main magnetic poles of the Earth. In the paper, the authors proposed a web-based approach to transforming a geographic coordinate system into a geomagnetic one and ensuring prompt results based on the original spatiotemporal parameters. The architecture of the web solution was modernized by combining various web patterns; it provides support for a plug-in structure and loose coupling of program modules. It is shown that the proposed solution does not depend on the type of the consumer and can be used with interfaces of various kinds, provided that the appropriate interaction protocol is used. The performed computational experiments showed that calculations of geomagnetic coordinates based on the mentioned algorithm match to the known expressions and models\u0000","PeriodicalId":502308,"journal":{"name":"Geodesy and cartography","volume":" 1041","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140682308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-20DOI: 10.22389/0016-7126-2024-1005-3-24-29
I. K. Lurie
The article deals with the processes of slope erosion, leading, in particular, to emerging a gully, its most dangerous type. The concentration of this process’ products in certain places on the slope leads to increased soil destruction and formation of narrow extended gaps, which quickly turn into wide ones. The ravine continuously increases in size as the destroyed soil is constantly carried out of it. Any known methods of combating this, to one degree or another, boil down to creating protective barriers which prevent liquid products of planar soil washout from entering the ravine. That is why the author examines the pattern of erosion products’ streamlines on a flat slope where an extended gully is being formed. The concentration of streambeds at the top generates soil destruction to an even greater degree and causes the transformation of the gap into a gully. However, independent of the length, only part of the liquid flowing down the slope gets into it. The stream area to the left and right of the axis is limited by specific (edge) lines; therefore, by constructing a linear barrier that blocks the flow of liquid erosion products within these lines, one can significantly slow down or even stop the growth of the ravine
{"title":"Determining the length of protective ravine barrier","authors":"I. K. Lurie","doi":"10.22389/0016-7126-2024-1005-3-24-29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2024-1005-3-24-29","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The article deals with the processes of slope erosion, leading, in particular, to emerging a gully, its most dangerous type. The concentration of this process’ products in certain places on the slope leads to increased soil destruction and formation of narrow extended gaps, which quickly turn into wide ones. The ravine continuously increases in size as the destroyed soil is constantly carried out of it. Any known methods of combating this, to one degree or another, boil down to creating protective barriers which prevent liquid products of planar soil washout from entering the ravine. That is why the author examines the pattern of erosion products’ streamlines on a flat slope where an extended gully is being formed. The concentration of streambeds at the top generates soil destruction to an even greater degree and causes the transformation of the gap into a gully. However, independent of the length, only part of the liquid flowing down the slope gets into it. The stream area to the left and right of the axis is limited by specific (edge) lines; therefore, by constructing a linear barrier that blocks the flow of liquid erosion products within these lines, one can significantly slow down or even stop the growth of the ravine\u0000","PeriodicalId":502308,"journal":{"name":"Geodesy and cartography","volume":" 968","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140682279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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