Kaibing Fu, Xiang Chen, Xingzhou Tian, W. Tang, Ting Gong, Yan Zhang, Taotao Ji
Abstract. Endometrial receptivity is essential for successful embryo implantation and pregnancy maintenance, and the achievement of normal physiological function of endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) is an important factor in the establishment of receptivity. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) was found to be beneficial as a small-molecule antioxidant for improving animal reproductive performance, but it is unclear whether NAC can improve receptivity by modulating ESCs in goats. In this study, we successfully isolated and cultured the ESCs of Qianbei Ma goats, used different concentrations of NAC to culture the ESCs of Qianbei Ma goats, and explored the effects of NAC on the biological functions of the ESCs of Qianbei Ma goats by using CCK-8, qRT-PCR, ELISA and flow cytometry. The results showed that 200 µmol L−1 NAC may promote the proliferation of ESCs in Qianbei Ma goats by increasing the expression of PCNA, Cyclin D2 (P<0.01) and Cyclin E (P<0.05) mRNAs. Meanwhile, 200 µmol L−1 NAC increased the cell viability (P<0.01) and enhanced the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities (P<0.01) of ESCs in Qianbei Ma goats. In addition, 200 µmol L−1 NAC increased the mitochondrial membrane potential of ESCs (P<0.01). Notably, 200 µmol L−1 NAC promoted the expression of the mRNA of the endometrial receptivity marker genes HOXA10, PTGS2, PGR (P<0.01) and LIF (P<0.05). Thus, our results suggest that NAC may benefit the establishment of endometrial receptivity in goats by regulating the proliferation, antioxidant properties, mitochondrial membrane potential and expression of endometrial receptivity marker genes in goat ESCs.
{"title":"N-acetylcysteine may improve endometrial receptivity by modulating endometrial stromal cells in goats","authors":"Kaibing Fu, Xiang Chen, Xingzhou Tian, W. Tang, Ting Gong, Yan Zhang, Taotao Ji","doi":"10.5194/aab-67-361-2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-67-361-2024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Endometrial receptivity is essential for successful embryo implantation and pregnancy maintenance, and the achievement of normal physiological function of endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) is an important factor in the establishment of receptivity. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) was found to be beneficial as a small-molecule antioxidant for improving animal reproductive performance, but it is unclear whether NAC can improve receptivity by modulating ESCs in goats. In this study, we successfully isolated and cultured the ESCs of Qianbei Ma goats, used different concentrations of NAC to culture the ESCs of Qianbei Ma goats, and explored the effects of NAC on the biological functions of the ESCs of Qianbei Ma goats by using CCK-8, qRT-PCR, ELISA and flow cytometry. The results showed that 200 µmol L−1 NAC may promote the proliferation of ESCs in Qianbei Ma goats by increasing the expression of PCNA, Cyclin D2 (P<0.01) and Cyclin E (P<0.05) mRNAs. Meanwhile, 200 µmol L−1 NAC increased the cell viability (P<0.01) and enhanced the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities (P<0.01) of ESCs in Qianbei Ma goats. In addition, 200 µmol L−1 NAC increased the mitochondrial membrane potential of ESCs (P<0.01). Notably, 200 µmol L−1 NAC promoted the expression of the mRNA of the endometrial receptivity marker genes HOXA10, PTGS2, PGR (P<0.01) and LIF (P<0.05). Thus, our results suggest that NAC may benefit the establishment of endometrial receptivity in goats by regulating the proliferation, antioxidant properties, mitochondrial membrane potential and expression of endometrial receptivity marker genes in goat ESCs.\u0000","PeriodicalId":502344,"journal":{"name":"Archives Animal Breeding","volume":" 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141828705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. Molecular data analyzed by accurate statistical approaches not only have the potential to investigate demographic events faced in the past, e.g., migration, but they also offer significant hints such as bottleneck effects to take suitable measures for sustainable breeding in farm animals. In this study, the genetic bottleneck and migration events among four native Turkish goat populations, i.e., Hair, Honamlı, Kabakulak, and Norduz, were assessed using 367 multi-allelic data belonging to 28 microsatellite loci. The null hypothesis was not rejected for the Wilcoxon sign rank test in the infinite allele model, two-phase model, and stepwise mutation model, while a normal L-shaped distribution of allele frequencies was observed in terms of mode-shift indicators in four native Turkish goat populations. Both the Wilcoxon sign rank test and the mode-shift indicator demonstrated that Anatolian goat populations have had a lack of recent genetic bottlenecks and have maintained their effective population sizes over the generations. Moreover, the 95 % confidence interval confirmed that the effective population sizes of Hair, Honamlı, and Kabakulak may reach infinity, while the highest effective population size for Norduz was estimated at 794.5, when the lowest allele frequency was considered to be 0.01. Up to four migration events revealed a significant migration from Norduz to Hair and Kabakulak populations. In contrast, no migration from other populations to Norduz was observed, most probably due to its geographic isolation. The bottleneck results may serve as a guide for future management practices, whereas further studies, especially on a whole-genome basis, are needed to confirm migration events among Anatolian goat breeds.
{"title":"Microsatellite-based bottleneck analysis and migration events among four native Turkish goat breeds","authors":"Eymen Demir","doi":"10.5194/aab-67-353-2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-67-353-2024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Molecular data analyzed by accurate statistical approaches not only have the potential to investigate demographic events faced in the past, e.g., migration, but they also offer significant hints such as bottleneck effects to take suitable measures for sustainable breeding in farm animals. In this study, the genetic bottleneck and migration events among four native Turkish goat populations, i.e., Hair, Honamlı, Kabakulak, and Norduz, were assessed using 367 multi-allelic data belonging to 28 microsatellite loci. The null hypothesis was not rejected for the Wilcoxon sign rank test in the infinite allele model, two-phase model, and stepwise mutation model, while a normal L-shaped distribution of allele frequencies was observed in terms of mode-shift indicators in four native Turkish goat populations. Both the Wilcoxon sign rank test and the mode-shift indicator demonstrated that Anatolian goat populations have had a lack of recent genetic bottlenecks and have maintained their effective population sizes over the generations. Moreover, the 95 % confidence interval confirmed that the effective population sizes of Hair, Honamlı, and Kabakulak may reach infinity, while the highest effective population size for Norduz was estimated at 794.5, when the lowest allele frequency was considered to be 0.01. Up to four migration events revealed a significant migration from Norduz to Hair and Kabakulak populations. In contrast, no migration from other populations to Norduz was observed, most probably due to its geographic isolation. The bottleneck results may serve as a guide for future management practices, whereas further studies, especially on a whole-genome basis, are needed to confirm migration events among Anatolian goat breeds.\u0000","PeriodicalId":502344,"journal":{"name":"Archives Animal Breeding","volume":" 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141828655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. Yes-associated protein (YAP) and a transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) genes are crucial for regulating the size of mammalian tissues and organs as well as for many biological processes such as bone formation, cell lineage determination, tissue regeneration, and cell proliferation. The purpose of this study was to characterize the YAP and TAZ gene polymorphisms in 266 Guanzhong Dairy Goats and 299 Shanbei White Cashmere Goats and to explore their potential relationship with growth characteristics such as body weight and body length. After genotyping and using PCR amplification and Sanger sequencing to find polymorphisms in the YAP and TAZ genes, five InDels loci were found in the goat YAP gene and three InDels loci in the TAZ gene. The findings of the association analysis demonstrated that the goats' body weight, height, cannon circumference, chest depth, chest breadth, and chest circumference were all substantially influenced by five InDels loci in the YAP gene (p<0.05). Goat body height, trunk breadth, trunk length, body length, and body weight were all substantially impacted by three InDels loci in the TAZ gene (p<0.05). In conclusion, eight InDels loci of goat YAP and TAZ were found in this study, and their impacts on goat phenotype were disclosed. These results might offer fresh avenues for boosting goat molecular breeding.
{"title":"Investigating InDels in YAP and TAZ genes and their impact on growth characteristics in goats","authors":"Wanxia Zhao, Ziteng Wang, Yichen Lei, Xiaoqin Tang, Xiaohua Yi, Junyi Jiang, Jiapeng Li, Shuhui Wang, Xiuzhu Sun","doi":"10.5194/aab-67-343-2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-67-343-2024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Yes-associated protein (YAP) and a transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) genes are crucial for regulating the size of mammalian tissues and organs as well as for many biological processes such as bone formation, cell lineage determination, tissue regeneration, and cell proliferation. The purpose of this study was to characterize the YAP and TAZ gene polymorphisms in 266 Guanzhong Dairy Goats and 299 Shanbei White Cashmere Goats and to explore their potential relationship with growth characteristics such as body weight and body length. After genotyping and using PCR amplification and Sanger sequencing to find polymorphisms in the YAP and TAZ genes, five InDels loci were found in the goat YAP gene and three InDels loci in the TAZ gene. The findings of the association analysis demonstrated that the goats' body weight, height, cannon circumference, chest depth, chest breadth, and chest circumference were all substantially influenced by five InDels loci in the YAP gene (p<0.05). Goat body height, trunk breadth, trunk length, body length, and body weight were all substantially impacted by three InDels loci in the TAZ gene (p<0.05). In conclusion, eight InDels loci of goat YAP and TAZ were found in this study, and their impacts on goat phenotype were disclosed. These results might offer fresh avenues for boosting goat molecular breeding.\u0000","PeriodicalId":502344,"journal":{"name":"Archives Animal Breeding","volume":"124 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141666421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Abdel-Ghany, Salah A. El-Mansy, D. S. Alshaya, Nora M. Al Aboud, Mahmoud G. Gharib
Abstract. The objective of this study was to evaluate heterosis, general combining ability (GCA), maternal ability (GM), and sex-linked effects (SL) for growth performance from weaning (at 4 weeks) up to marketing age (at 12 weeks) using a complete 3×3 diallel crossing experiment in three different breeds of rabbit: one native Egyptian (Baladi Red, RR) and two exotic (Bauscat, BB, and Californian, CC). Offspring (2617 rabbits) body weight data (BW; 4–12 weeks of age) were analyzed, mainly to evaluate the effects of mating groups (MGs), sex, year season, and parity. MGs were further analyzed for crossbreeding parameters. All crossbreds showed positive, highly significant values (P≤0.001). Heterosis (HI; overall or specific) for body weight at all evaluated ages was highly significant (P≤0.001). Purebred differences were affected significantly (P≤0.01 or P≤0.001). No significant effects were detected due to general combining ability, maternal abilities, or reciprocal effect (sex-linked). Results suggest that to some extent and because of the highly purebred significant differences (P≤0.01 or P≤0.001), those three breeds are expected to be too genetically far apart to make crosses showing significant heterosis. Since other crossbreeding effects are non-significant, heterosis is the only reliable effect that can produce the Egyptian broiler rabbits when using those three breeds. However, the insignificance of the reciprocal impact (sex-linked as a whole or, by definition, the additive effects of genes carried on the sex chromosomes) of the two acclimatized standard breeds (CC and BB) seemed to be of magnitude at least to the 10th week of age.
{"title":"Crossbreeding parameters for body weight data from a complete diallel mating scheme using three breeds of rabbit","authors":"A. Abdel-Ghany, Salah A. El-Mansy, D. S. Alshaya, Nora M. Al Aboud, Mahmoud G. Gharib","doi":"10.5194/aab-67-335-2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-67-335-2024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The objective of this study was to evaluate heterosis, general combining ability (GCA), maternal ability (GM), and sex-linked effects (SL) for growth performance from weaning (at 4 weeks) up to marketing age (at 12 weeks) using a complete 3×3 diallel crossing experiment in three different breeds of rabbit: one native Egyptian (Baladi Red, RR) and two exotic (Bauscat, BB, and Californian, CC). Offspring (2617 rabbits) body weight data (BW; 4–12 weeks of age) were analyzed, mainly to evaluate the effects of mating groups (MGs), sex, year season, and parity. MGs were further analyzed for crossbreeding parameters. All crossbreds showed positive, highly significant values (P≤0.001). Heterosis (HI; overall or specific) for body weight at all evaluated ages was highly significant (P≤0.001). Purebred differences were affected significantly (P≤0.01 or P≤0.001). No significant effects were detected due to general combining ability, maternal abilities, or reciprocal effect (sex-linked). Results suggest that to some extent and because of the highly purebred significant differences (P≤0.01 or P≤0.001), those three breeds are expected to be too genetically far apart to make crosses showing significant heterosis. Since other crossbreeding effects are non-significant, heterosis is the only reliable effect that can produce the Egyptian broiler rabbits when using those three breeds. However, the insignificance of the reciprocal impact (sex-linked as a whole or, by definition, the additive effects of genes carried on the sex chromosomes) of the two acclimatized standard breeds (CC and BB) seemed to be of magnitude at least to the 10th week of age.\u0000","PeriodicalId":502344,"journal":{"name":"Archives Animal Breeding","volume":" 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141674117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michaela Kulišťáková, I. Jiskrová, Irena Vrtková, P. Bartoňová, Tomáš Urban
Abstract. The aim of the study was to describe the current state of genetic variability in the Haflinger breed in the Czech Republic using microsatellite markers, taking into consideration the numerous imports of breeding animals from abroad during the last 20 years and their impact on genetic diversity and population structure. A total of 443 horses from five countries of origin (Austria – AUT, Germany – GER, Czech Republic – CZE, Italy – ITA, and Slovakia – SVK) bred in the Czech Republic were included in the study. A set of 16 microsatellite markers for parentage control from the International Society for Animal Genetics (ISAG) was used for genotyping. The total number of alleles in individual subpopulations ranged from 53 (SVK) to 117 (CZE). The mean number of alleles per locus was 6.69. Observed heterozygosity (Ho) values ranged from 0.69 to 0.71 in all subpopulations. The most variable and informative locus (in terms of polymorphic information content – PIC) was VHL20, and the least variable was HTG6. The Fis index was mostly negative or close to 0 for all populations and was −0.033 for the whole population. The overall Fst was 0.010, indicating a low level of differentiation between subpopulations. Cavalli-Sforza and Edwards chord genetic distances were low between the CZE, AUT, and GER populations, while the ITA and SVK populations were more distinct. The results of the discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC) and the STRUCTURE analysis indicated a high degree of admixture among subpopulations. However, three to four genetic groups were clustered. The most distant populations were ITA and SVK, which we attribute to the low number of representatives in these subpopulations. A higher level of admixture due to gene flow was observed between the populations of GER, CZE, and AUT. Higher admixtures and the discovery of more distinct genetic clusters suggest that there is more significant gene flow from the countries of origin in the population of the Haflinger breed in the Czech Republic and that there is sufficient genetic variability and diversity to suggest sufficient opportunities for more intensive breeding.
{"title":"The genetic diversity and structure of the Haflinger horse population in the Czech Republic","authors":"Michaela Kulišťáková, I. Jiskrová, Irena Vrtková, P. Bartoňová, Tomáš Urban","doi":"10.5194/aab-67-323-2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-67-323-2024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The aim of the study was to describe the current state of genetic variability in the Haflinger breed in the Czech Republic using microsatellite markers, taking into consideration the numerous imports of breeding animals from abroad during the last 20 years and their impact on genetic diversity and population structure. A total of 443 horses from five countries of origin (Austria – AUT, Germany – GER, Czech Republic – CZE, Italy – ITA, and Slovakia – SVK) bred in the Czech Republic were included in the study. A set of 16 microsatellite markers for parentage control from the International Society for Animal Genetics (ISAG) was used for genotyping. The total number of alleles in individual subpopulations ranged from 53 (SVK) to 117 (CZE). The mean number of alleles per locus was 6.69. Observed heterozygosity (Ho) values ranged from 0.69 to 0.71 in all subpopulations. The most variable and informative locus (in terms of polymorphic information content – PIC) was VHL20, and the least variable was HTG6. The Fis index was mostly negative or close to 0 for all populations and was −0.033 for the whole population. The overall Fst was 0.010, indicating a low level of differentiation between subpopulations. Cavalli-Sforza and Edwards chord genetic distances were low between the CZE, AUT, and GER populations, while the ITA and SVK populations were more distinct. The results of the discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC) and the STRUCTURE analysis indicated a high degree of admixture among subpopulations. However, three to four genetic groups were clustered. The most distant populations were ITA and SVK, which we attribute to the low number of representatives in these subpopulations. A higher level of admixture due to gene flow was observed between the populations of GER, CZE, and AUT. Higher admixtures and the discovery of more distinct genetic clusters suggest that there is more significant gene flow from the countries of origin in the population of the Haflinger breed in the Czech Republic and that there is sufficient genetic variability and diversity to suggest sufficient opportunities for more intensive breeding.\u0000","PeriodicalId":502344,"journal":{"name":"Archives Animal Breeding","volume":" 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141677093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. Calpain 1 (CAPN1) is an enzyme that influences meat tenderization, and it is involved in post mortem proteolysis. The bovine CAPN1 gene was chosen as a candidate gene for DNA sequencing to identify novel single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in exons 8–10 and assess their associations with meat quality in Bali cattle. In an analysis of 95 Bali cattle, two novel SNPs (g.5327C>T and g.5959C>T) were identified in exons and four novel SNPs (g.5534C>T, g.5807A>C, g.5857G>A, and g.5869T>C) were discovered in introns. Allelic frequency was evaluated, and Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium was found for all SNPs in Bali cattle. The marbling score and intramuscular fat content as determined by ultrasound were associated with g.5869T>C and g.5959C>T. g.5327C>T was associated with pH and meat color in Bali cattle, whereas two other SNPs (g.5869T>C and g.5959C>T) were associated with Warner–Bratzler shear force and meat color. Furthermore, g.5869T>C was associated with linolenic acid content, and g.5959C>T with caprylic and linolenic acid levels. However, intronic SNPs (g.5534C>T, g.5807A>C, and g.5857G>A) did not significantly affect meat quality in Bali cattle. Quantitative real-time PCR of liver tissue revealed that the mRNA expression of CAPN1 significantly differed (P<0.05) among the CT, CC, and TT genotypes. The results suggest that genetic variability in loci within CAPN1 might be associated with meat quality in Bali cattle.
{"title":"Calpain 1 gene expression in liver tissue and the association of novel calpain 1 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with meat quality in Bali cattle","authors":"M. F. Ulum, C. Sumantri","doi":"10.5194/aab-67-311-2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-67-311-2024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Calpain 1 (CAPN1) is an enzyme that influences meat tenderization, and it is involved in post mortem proteolysis. The bovine CAPN1 gene was chosen as a candidate gene for DNA sequencing to identify novel single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in exons 8–10 and assess their associations with meat quality in Bali cattle. In an analysis of 95 Bali cattle, two novel SNPs (g.5327C>T and g.5959C>T) were identified in exons and four novel SNPs (g.5534C>T, g.5807A>C, g.5857G>A, and g.5869T>C) were discovered in introns. Allelic frequency was evaluated, and Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium was found for all SNPs in Bali cattle. The marbling score and intramuscular fat content as determined by ultrasound were associated with g.5869T>C and g.5959C>T. g.5327C>T was associated with pH and meat color in Bali cattle, whereas two other SNPs (g.5869T>C and g.5959C>T) were associated with Warner–Bratzler shear force and meat color. Furthermore, g.5869T>C was associated with linolenic acid content, and g.5959C>T with caprylic and linolenic acid levels. However, intronic SNPs (g.5534C>T, g.5807A>C, and g.5857G>A) did not significantly affect meat quality in Bali cattle. Quantitative real-time PCR of liver tissue revealed that the mRNA expression of CAPN1 significantly differed (P<0.05) among the CT, CC, and TT genotypes. The results suggest that genetic variability in loci within CAPN1 might be associated with meat quality in Bali cattle.\u0000","PeriodicalId":502344,"journal":{"name":"Archives Animal Breeding","volume":" 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141681203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nouran Elsayed, Abd Elrahman E. Mandour, Mamdouh K. A. Amin, F. Reda, Heba S A Taha, Alessandro Di Cerbo, Mahmoud M. Azzam, Mahmoud Alagawany
Abstract. This work aimed at studying the genetic diversity among different rabbit genotypes reared in Egypt by two different molecular markers (start codon targeted, SCoT, and inter-simple sequence repeat, ISSR) to improve breeding strategies. Five different groups of rabbits were used Gabali (Gab), New Zealand white (NZW), Californian (Cal), Rex, and Papillon (Pap). DNA was extracted and analyzed using SCoT and ISSR-PCR, and the obtained fragments were analyzed. Six SCoT primers scored 60 bands with 78.33 % polymorphism; primer SCoT 6 was the most polymorphic marker with 92.31 % polymorphism, while SCoT 5 was the lowest with 60 %. A dendrogram based on SCoT-PCR revealed that the Rex breed was the most genetically different. Seven ISSR primers gained 56 bands in total with 49.762 % polymorphism. ISSR 4 was the most polymorphic primer that detected 75 % of polymorphism, while ISSR 6 was not able to detect any polymorphism. It was suggested that the SCoT markers may be more effective than ISSR for differentiating and identifying the genetic variations within investigated breeds. Also, the usage of molecular markers of SCoT and ISSR may be more proper for calculating genetic diversity and common ancestry among tested rabbit breeds. Furthermore, evaluating genetic variability is important for enhancing existing breeds' adaptation to ecological alterations and crucial for preservation or breeding purposes.
{"title":"Evaluation of genetic diversity within different rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) genotypes utilizing start codon targeted (SCoT) and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) molecular markers","authors":"Nouran Elsayed, Abd Elrahman E. Mandour, Mamdouh K. A. Amin, F. Reda, Heba S A Taha, Alessandro Di Cerbo, Mahmoud M. Azzam, Mahmoud Alagawany","doi":"10.5194/aab-67-285-2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-67-285-2024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. This work aimed at studying the genetic diversity among different rabbit genotypes reared in Egypt by two different molecular markers (start codon targeted, SCoT, and inter-simple sequence repeat, ISSR) to improve breeding strategies. Five different groups of rabbits were used Gabali (Gab), New Zealand white (NZW), Californian (Cal), Rex, and Papillon (Pap). DNA was extracted and analyzed using SCoT and ISSR-PCR, and the obtained fragments were analyzed. Six SCoT primers scored 60 bands with 78.33 % polymorphism; primer SCoT 6 was the most polymorphic marker with 92.31 % polymorphism, while SCoT 5 was the lowest with 60 %. A dendrogram based on SCoT-PCR revealed that the Rex breed was the most genetically different. Seven ISSR primers gained 56 bands in total with 49.762 % polymorphism. ISSR 4 was the most polymorphic primer that detected 75 % of polymorphism, while ISSR 6 was not able to detect any polymorphism. It was suggested that the SCoT markers may be more effective than ISSR for differentiating and identifying the genetic variations within investigated breeds. Also, the usage of molecular markers of SCoT and ISSR may be more proper for calculating genetic diversity and common ancestry among tested rabbit breeds. Furthermore, evaluating genetic variability is important for enhancing existing breeds' adaptation to ecological alterations and crucial for preservation or breeding purposes.\u0000","PeriodicalId":502344,"journal":{"name":"Archives Animal Breeding","volume":"58 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141687737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gerardo Ordaz, Manuel López, R. E. Pérez, Gerardo Mariscal, R. Ortiz
Abstract. Maximizing sows' productive longevity (PL) represents a significant challenge faced by the swine industry, as the growing increase in the removal rate of sows, mainly young sows, directly impacts the system's economy. In addition, there are ethical concerns associated with animal welfare issues due to the low PL of sows. The objective of this study was to identify and evaluate the risk factors influencing the removal of sows from commercial swine production systems. The variable of interest was the PL of sows. The PL was modeled using Cox regression analysis to identify the factors that affected this variable. The factor with the greatest contribution to PL was sow type (ST), followed by the return to estrus percentage (REP), herd size (HS), season, lactation duration, weaning–estrus interval (WEI), piglets born alive, mummy percentage, and total piglets born. The removal risk was higher for hyperprolific sows than for normal sows. According to the nonproductive day (NPD) variable (an indicator that considers REP and WEI in its calculation), sows with more than 60 nonproductive days per year are at higher risk of elimination. The risk of removal was higher for sows from large herds than for sows from medium or small herds. The PL of sows within a herd is determined by the type of sow and the sows' association with environmental disturbances, including climatic factors (artificial climate control), management practices (human resources), and economic resources (size and infrastructure).
{"title":"Factors associated with the productive longevity of sows in commercial breeding herds","authors":"Gerardo Ordaz, Manuel López, R. E. Pérez, Gerardo Mariscal, R. Ortiz","doi":"10.5194/aab-67-297-2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-67-297-2024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Maximizing sows' productive longevity (PL) represents a significant challenge faced by the swine industry, as the growing increase in the removal rate of sows, mainly young sows, directly impacts the system's economy. In addition, there are ethical concerns associated with animal welfare issues due to the low PL of sows. The objective of this study was to identify and evaluate the risk factors influencing the removal of sows from commercial swine production systems. The variable of interest was the PL of sows. The PL was modeled using Cox regression analysis to identify the factors that affected this variable. The factor with the greatest contribution to PL was sow type (ST), followed by the return to estrus percentage (REP), herd size (HS), season, lactation duration, weaning–estrus interval (WEI), piglets born alive, mummy percentage, and total piglets born. The removal risk was higher for hyperprolific sows than for normal sows. According to the nonproductive day (NPD) variable (an indicator that considers REP and WEI in its calculation), sows with more than 60 nonproductive days per year are at higher risk of elimination. The risk of removal was higher for sows from large herds than for sows from medium or small herds. The PL of sows within a herd is determined by the type of sow and the sows' association with environmental disturbances, including climatic factors (artificial climate control), management practices (human resources), and economic resources (size and infrastructure).\u0000","PeriodicalId":502344,"journal":{"name":"Archives Animal Breeding","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141688105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Momin Khan, N. Chand, Sarzamin Khan, S. Naz, A. Alrefaei, Ananthanarayanan Chandrasekaran, Rifat Ullah Khan
Abstract. The present investigation aimed to assess the impact of substituting soybean meal (SBM) with Musca domestica larvae meal (HMM) in the diet of broilers (Ross 308, n=1000) during the initial 1–28 d of their growth period. Four isocaloric and isonitrogenous broiler rations were formulated, including a control group (Mag-0) with 100 % SBM and 0 % HMM, diet 2 (Mag-10) with 90 % SBM and 10 % HMM, diet 3 (Mag-20) with 80 % SBM and 20 % HMM, and diet 4 (Mag-30) with 70 % SBM and 30 % HMM. The analysis of amino acid concentrations in diets revealed slight increases in most essential and nonessential amino acids, except for phenylalanine, arginine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid and serine, with increasing levels of SBM substitution with HMM. Digestibility of nutrients, including dry matter, nitrogen-free extract, crude protein ether extract, ash and crude fiber, was not significantly affected across different substituted diets. Similarly, amino acid digestibility did not differ among various diets of SBM substituted with house fly larvae meal. Weekly and overall body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratios were similar across all birds fed different replacement diets. Apparent metabolizable energy, protein efficiency ratio, dressing percentage and antibody titre also showed no significant differences among the substituted diets and the control group. Similarly, hematological and organoleptic studies exhibited statistically similar effects. Overall, the study concludes that substituting up to 30 % of SBM with HMM in broiler rations does not adversely affect health or performance in broiler chickens.
{"title":"Partial replacement of soybean meal with Musca domestica larvae meal in broiler diets: implications for growth performance, nutrient utilization, hemato-biochemical profile and organoleptic characteristics","authors":"Momin Khan, N. Chand, Sarzamin Khan, S. Naz, A. Alrefaei, Ananthanarayanan Chandrasekaran, Rifat Ullah Khan","doi":"10.5194/aab-67-247-2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-67-247-2024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The present investigation aimed to assess the impact of substituting soybean meal (SBM) with Musca domestica larvae meal (HMM) in the diet of broilers (Ross 308, n=1000) during the initial 1–28 d of their growth period. Four isocaloric and isonitrogenous broiler rations were formulated, including a control group (Mag-0) with 100 % SBM and 0 % HMM, diet 2 (Mag-10) with 90 % SBM and 10 % HMM, diet 3 (Mag-20) with 80 % SBM and 20 % HMM, and diet 4 (Mag-30) with 70 % SBM and 30 % HMM. The analysis of amino acid concentrations in diets revealed slight increases in most essential and nonessential amino acids, except for phenylalanine, arginine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid and serine, with increasing levels of SBM substitution with HMM. Digestibility of nutrients, including dry matter, nitrogen-free extract, crude protein ether extract, ash and crude fiber, was not significantly affected across different substituted diets. Similarly, amino acid digestibility did not differ among various diets of SBM substituted with house fly larvae meal. Weekly and overall body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratios were similar across all birds fed different replacement diets. Apparent metabolizable energy, protein efficiency ratio, dressing percentage and antibody titre also showed no significant differences among the substituted diets and the control group. Similarly, hematological and organoleptic studies exhibited statistically similar effects. Overall, the study concludes that substituting up to 30 % of SBM with HMM in broiler rations does not adversely affect health or performance in broiler chickens.\u0000","PeriodicalId":502344,"journal":{"name":"Archives Animal Breeding","volume":"43 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141339771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rebecca Simon, Karólína Elísabetardóttir, G. Lühken
Abstract. Icelandic sheep are characterized by a great diversity in horn phenotypes. Within their breed, they show a variability in terms of this trait to an extent rarely observed elsewhere. Previously, several genetic variants were published as markers for horn status (in terms of absence or presence of horns, including scurs) and horn traits (e.g., oval horns, horn length and polyceraty). The aim of this study was to genotype, for the first time, five of these genetic variants in Icelandic sheep with different horn phenotypes, as well as to analyze their inheritance. Phenotypic and pedigree data, as well as DNA samples from two Icelandic sheep farms, were used. Genetic variants were genotyped by published PCR-based methods in all samples (n=94) or in subsets. As in other sheep breeds with variable horn status, the inheritance of the presence or absence of horns was shown to be complex in Icelandic sheep, especially when sheep carry anything other than regularly formed horns. The 1.78 kb sized RXFP2 insertion on ovine chromosome 10 previously described to be associated with polledness in several sheep breeds was also found to be present in Icelandic sheep and showed some association but not a perfect segregation with the individuals' horn statuses. Missing associations were especially seen in sheep with scurs and oval horns. Regarding horn shape, there was no agreement with the studied variants described in Chinese breeds having comparable horn traits. However, matching tendencies were seen for the horn size variant that was found in the same study. All sheep with four or more horns carried the already published 4 bp deletion in HOXD1, as previously described for three other sheep breeds. Interestingly, for the first time, the deletion was also detected in phenotypically polled animals originating from multi-horned families. According to the results from animals genotyped simultaneously for the RXFP2 and the HOXD1 variants, polledness in sheep with a genetic disposition for polyceraty seems not to be controlled by the RXFP2 insertion. However, this and all other findings in Icelandic sheep need to be confirmed by analyzing a higher number of well-phenotyped animals.
摘要冰岛绵羊的角表型具有很大的多样性。在绵羊品种内部，这一特征的变异程度在其他地方很少见。在此之前，曾有一些基因变异作为标记物发表，用于标记羊角状态（无角或有角，包括鳞角）和羊角性状（如椭圆形角、角长和多毛）。本研究的目的是首次在具有不同角表型的冰岛绵羊中对其中五种遗传变异进行基因分型，并分析其遗传性。研究使用了表型和血统数据，以及来自两个冰岛绵羊农场的 DNA 样本。通过已发表的基于 PCR 的方法对所有样本（n=94）或子集进行了基因变异分型。与其他角状况可变的绵羊品种一样，在冰岛绵羊中，有角或无角的遗传情况也很复杂，尤其是当绵羊携带除规则形成的角以外的其他角时。以前曾描述过绵羊10号染色体上1.78 kb大小的RXFP2插入物与多个绵羊品种的花粉症有关，结果发现冰岛绵羊中也存在该插入物，并且与个体的角状况有一定的关联，但并非完全分离。缺失的关联尤其出现在有鳞片和椭圆形角的绵羊身上。在角的形状方面，所研究的变异与具有相似角性状的中国品种中描述的变异并不一致。然而，在同一研究中发现的角的大小变异却有匹配的趋势。所有长有四个或更多角的绵羊都带有已发表的 HOXD1 中 4 bp 的缺失，这在之前的其他三个绵羊品种中也有描述。有趣的是，在多角家族的表型花粉羊中也首次检测到了该缺失。根据同时对 RXFP2 和 HOXD1 变体进行基因分型的结果，具有多角遗传倾向的绵羊的花粉性似乎不受 RXFP2 插入物的控制。然而，冰岛绵羊的这一结果和所有其他结果都需要通过分析更多数量的表型良好的动物来证实。
{"title":"Analysis of genetic variants for different horn phenotypes and their inheritance in Icelandic sheep","authors":"Rebecca Simon, Karólína Elísabetardóttir, G. Lühken","doi":"10.5194/aab-67-237-2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-67-237-2024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Icelandic sheep are characterized by a great diversity in horn phenotypes. Within their breed, they show a variability in terms of this trait to an extent rarely observed elsewhere. Previously, several genetic variants were published as markers for horn status (in terms of absence or presence of horns, including scurs) and horn traits (e.g., oval horns, horn length and polyceraty). The aim of this study was to genotype, for the first time, five of these genetic variants in Icelandic sheep with different horn phenotypes, as well as to analyze their inheritance. Phenotypic and pedigree data, as well as DNA samples from two Icelandic sheep farms, were used. Genetic variants were genotyped by published PCR-based methods in all samples (n=94) or in subsets. As in other sheep breeds with variable horn status, the inheritance of the presence or absence of horns was shown to be complex in Icelandic sheep, especially when sheep carry anything other than regularly formed horns. The 1.78 kb sized RXFP2 insertion on ovine chromosome 10 previously described to be associated with polledness in several sheep breeds was also found to be present in Icelandic sheep and showed some association but not a perfect segregation with the individuals' horn statuses. Missing associations were especially seen in sheep with scurs and oval horns. Regarding horn shape, there was no agreement with the studied variants described in Chinese breeds having comparable horn traits. However, matching tendencies were seen for the horn size variant that was found in the same study. All sheep with four or more horns carried the already published 4 bp deletion in HOXD1, as previously described for three other sheep breeds. Interestingly, for the first time, the deletion was also detected in phenotypically polled animals originating from multi-horned families. According to the results from animals genotyped simultaneously for the RXFP2 and the HOXD1 variants, polledness in sheep with a genetic disposition for polyceraty seems not to be controlled by the RXFP2 insertion. However, this and all other findings in Icelandic sheep need to be confirmed by analyzing a higher number of well-phenotyped animals.\u0000","PeriodicalId":502344,"journal":{"name":"Archives Animal Breeding","volume":"34 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141382044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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