Asep Setiaji, Dela Ayu Lestari, Nuruliarizki Shinta Pandupuspitasari, Ikania Agusetyaningsih, S. Sutopo, Edy Kurnianto
Abstract. The study aims to investigate the heterosis effect of crossing two imported rabbits with local rabbits on growth characteristics and performance using a nonlinear regression model. The study utilized three rabbit breeds: Flemish Giant rabbits (F), Rex rabbits (R), and Indonesian local rabbits (L). Selective breeding consisted of three breeds: F (FF), R (RR), and L (LL). Two crosses were formed between the male ancestors of L and the respective female ancestors of F (LF) and R (LR). Each offspring's body weight (BW) was measured every 3 d starting from birth. FF exhibited the highest BW among purebred animals. The LF crossbreed had a greater estimated mature weight compared with purebred animals. The predicted mature live weight of the asymptotic value for LR animals was higher than for LL rabbits but lower than for RR rabbits. The heterosis effect was lower when crossing L and F animals compared with crossing L and R animals. The average heterosis impact values were 4.68 for LF and 15.32 for LR. LF rabbits showed superior heterosis effects when the growth parameter and inflection point were determined using a logistic model. This study emphasizes the use of strategic breeding to optimize rabbit growth and performance by offering detailed insights into growth dynamics and heterosis effects in different crossbreeding situations.
摘要本研究旨在利用非线性回归模型，探讨两种进口兔与本地兔杂交对生长特性和生产性能的异质性影响。研究利用了三个兔子品种：弗拉芒巨兔（F）、雷克斯兔（R）和印尼本地兔（L）。选育包括三个品种：F (FF)、R (RR) 和 L (LL)。L 的雄性祖先与 F (LF) 和 R (LR) 的雌性祖先杂交。从出生开始，每隔 3 天测量一次每个后代的体重（BW）。在纯种动物中，FF 的体重最高。与纯种动物相比，LF 杂交后代的预计成熟体重更大。LR 兔的预测成熟活重的渐近值高于 LL 兔，但低于 RR 兔。LR 兔与 F 兔杂交的异交效应低于 LR 兔与 R 兔杂交的异交效应。LF 兔的平均异交影响值为 4.68，LR 兔的平均异交影响值为 15.32。当使用逻辑模型确定生长参数和拐点时，LF 兔的异交效果更优。本研究通过详细了解不同杂交情况下的生长动态和异交效应，强调了利用策略育种优化家兔生长和性能的重要性。
{"title":"Crossbreeding experiment on Indonesian local rabbits: the heterosis effect on growth performance","authors":"Asep Setiaji, Dela Ayu Lestari, Nuruliarizki Shinta Pandupuspitasari, Ikania Agusetyaningsih, S. Sutopo, Edy Kurnianto","doi":"10.5194/aab-67-231-2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-67-231-2024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The study aims to investigate the heterosis effect of crossing two imported rabbits with local rabbits on growth characteristics and performance using a nonlinear regression model. The study utilized three rabbit breeds: Flemish Giant rabbits (F), Rex rabbits (R), and Indonesian local rabbits (L). Selective breeding consisted of three breeds: F (FF), R (RR), and L (LL). Two crosses were formed between the male ancestors of L and the respective female ancestors of F (LF) and R (LR). Each offspring's body weight (BW) was measured every 3 d starting from birth. FF exhibited the highest BW among purebred animals. The LF crossbreed had a greater estimated mature weight compared with purebred animals. The predicted mature live weight of the asymptotic value for LR animals was higher than for LL rabbits but lower than for RR rabbits. The heterosis effect was lower when crossing L and F animals compared with crossing L and R animals. The average heterosis impact values were 4.68 for LF and 15.32 for LR. LF rabbits showed superior heterosis effects when the growth parameter and inflection point were determined using a logistic model. This study emphasizes the use of strategic breeding to optimize rabbit growth and performance by offering detailed insights into growth dynamics and heterosis effects in different crossbreeding situations.\u0000","PeriodicalId":502344,"journal":{"name":"Archives Animal Breeding","volume":"10 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141100703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lige Huang, Dan Sheng, Xinyang Fan, Ruixia Gao, Y. Miao
Abstract. TP53 has been shown to be involved in lactation in cattle. However, the role of TP53 in buffalo lactation remains unknown. To this end, we isolated and identified the complete coding sequence (CDS) of the TP53 gene from the buffalo mammary gland and further analyzed its molecular characteristics, function, tissue differential expression, and single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). A transcript of this gene was cloned with a CDS length of 1161 bp, encoding a protein consisting of 386 amino acid residues. Bioinformatics analysis showed that buffalo TP53 CDS and the physicochemical characteristics, conserved domains, structure, and function of its encoded protein are highly similar to those of other species in Bovidae. The buffalo TP53 protein contains an N-terminal activation domain, a DNA-binding domain, and a tetrameric domain, and it plays a functional role in the nucleus. TP53 was found to express in all 11 detected buffalo tissues, and its expression in the heart, kidney, brain, muscle, and rumen during lactation was significantly higher than that during non-lactation (p<0.05), while in the liver, lung, and mammary gland, its expression was the opposite (p<0.05). Interference experiments in buffalo mammary epithelial cells (BuMECs) showed that TP53 inhibits the expression of genes related to milk protein and milk fat synthesis through the PI3K–AKT–mTOR pathway. A synonymous nucleotide substitution (c.204C > T) was found in the TP53 CDS of river buffalo, which is the CC homozygote in swamp buffalo. The results indicate that the TP53 gene is involved in buffalo lactation by negatively regulating the synthesis of milk protein and milk fat.
摘要TP53已被证明与牛的泌乳有关。然而，TP53在水牛泌乳中的作用仍然未知。为此，我们从水牛乳腺中分离并鉴定了TP53基因的完整编码序列（CDS），并进一步分析了其分子特征、功能、组织差异表达和单核苷酸多态性（SNP）。该基因的转录本被克隆，CDS长度为1161 bp，编码由386个氨基酸残基组成的蛋白质。生物信息学分析表明，水牛 TP53 CDS 及其编码蛋白的理化特征、保守结构域、结构和功能与牛科其他物种高度相似。水牛 TP53 蛋白包含一个 N 端激活结构域、一个 DNA 结合结构域和一个四聚体结构域，在细胞核中发挥功能作用。研究发现，TP53在所有11个检测到的水牛组织中均有表达，其在泌乳期心脏、肾脏、大脑、肌肉和瘤胃中的表达量明显高于非泌乳期（河水牛的TP53 CDS中发现了p T），而沼泽水牛的TP53 CDS中发现了CC同源基因。结果表明，TP53 基因通过负向调节乳蛋白和乳脂肪的合成参与了水牛的泌乳。
{"title":"Molecular characterization, function, tissue differential expression, and single-nucleotide polymorphism of buffalo TP53 gene","authors":"Lige Huang, Dan Sheng, Xinyang Fan, Ruixia Gao, Y. Miao","doi":"10.5194/aab-67-217-2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-67-217-2024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. TP53 has been shown to be involved in lactation in cattle. However, the role of TP53 in buffalo lactation remains unknown. To this end, we isolated and identified the complete coding sequence (CDS) of the TP53 gene from the buffalo mammary gland and further analyzed its molecular characteristics, function, tissue differential expression, and single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). A transcript of this gene was cloned with a CDS length of 1161 bp, encoding a protein consisting of 386 amino acid residues. Bioinformatics analysis showed that buffalo TP53 CDS and the physicochemical characteristics, conserved domains, structure, and function of its encoded protein are highly similar to those of other species in Bovidae. The buffalo TP53 protein contains an N-terminal activation domain, a DNA-binding domain, and a tetrameric domain, and it plays a functional role in the nucleus. TP53 was found to express in all 11 detected buffalo tissues, and its expression in the heart, kidney, brain, muscle, and rumen during lactation was significantly higher than that during non-lactation (p<0.05), while in the liver, lung, and mammary gland, its expression was the opposite (p<0.05). Interference experiments in buffalo mammary epithelial cells (BuMECs) showed that TP53 inhibits the expression of genes related to milk protein and milk fat synthesis through the PI3K–AKT–mTOR pathway. A synonymous nucleotide substitution (c.204C > T) was found in the TP53 CDS of river buffalo, which is the CC homozygote in swamp buffalo. The results indicate that the TP53 gene is involved in buffalo lactation by negatively regulating the synthesis of milk protein and milk fat.\u0000","PeriodicalId":502344,"journal":{"name":"Archives Animal Breeding","volume":"93 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141116481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Koçak, M. Tekerli, Metin Erdoğan, K. Çeli̇keloğlu, Ebubekir Yazıcı, Z. Bozkurt, Ö. Hacan, Mustafa Demirtaş, Samet Çinkaya
Abstract. This study was carried out to examine the effect of myostatin mutation on growth, body measurements, Musculus longissimus dorsi (MLD) values, and carcass characteristics in crossbred generations as well as introgression from Texel to Pırlak. This research was conducted on 105 F1, 94 myostatin-carrying BC1, 53 non-carrying BC1 lambs, and pure Pırlak and Texel lambs born during the same period. It was determined that the effects of factors such as genotype, sex, birth type, birth month, and dam age were significant (P< 0.05) for the growth characteristics of lambs. The birth weights, daily live weight gains and weaning weights in F1, myostatin-carrying BC1, and non-carrying BC1 lambs were 4.10, 4.45, and 4.39, 0.21252, 0.22176, and 0.20964, as well as 35.51, 33.18, and 33.47 kg, respectively. It was detected that Texel and myostatin-carrying BC1 lambs were significantly (P< 0.05) higher than Pırlak and non-carrying BC1 lambs for the MLD area at weaning. Additionally, the rump width, chest circumference, and MLD depth of lambs carrying myostatin mutation were significantly greater than Pırlak lambs. Six-month live weight means of Pırlak, Texel, and myostatin-carrying BC1 lambs were found as 39.45, 37.22, and 39.06 kg, respectively. Myostatin-carrying BC1 lambs had a superiority to Pırlak lambs in terms of muscle conformation and fatness of the hind leg. As a result, myostatin-carrying BC1 lambs were significantly found to have a better MLD area than non-carrying BC1 lambs, indicating a myostatin mutation (g+6723G > A) effect. It was concluded that the growth and carcass characteristics of Pırlak lambs may be improved by introgression of myostatin mutation.
{"title":"Myostatin mutation (g+6723G > A) introgression: comparative analysis of growth, slaughter, and carcass traits in Texel, Pırlak, and their crosses (F1 and BC1)","authors":"S. Koçak, M. Tekerli, Metin Erdoğan, K. Çeli̇keloğlu, Ebubekir Yazıcı, Z. Bozkurt, Ö. Hacan, Mustafa Demirtaş, Samet Çinkaya","doi":"10.5194/aab-67-207-2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-67-207-2024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. This study was carried out to examine the effect of myostatin mutation on growth, body measurements, Musculus longissimus dorsi (MLD) values, and carcass characteristics in crossbred generations as well as introgression from Texel to Pırlak. This research was conducted on 105 F1, 94 myostatin-carrying BC1, 53 non-carrying BC1 lambs, and pure Pırlak and Texel lambs born during the same period. It was determined that the effects of factors such as genotype, sex, birth type, birth month, and dam age were significant (P< 0.05) for the growth characteristics of lambs. The birth weights, daily live weight gains and weaning weights in F1, myostatin-carrying BC1, and non-carrying BC1 lambs were 4.10, 4.45, and 4.39, 0.21252, 0.22176, and 0.20964, as well as 35.51, 33.18, and 33.47 kg, respectively. It was detected that Texel and myostatin-carrying BC1 lambs were significantly (P< 0.05) higher than Pırlak and non-carrying BC1 lambs for the MLD area at weaning. Additionally, the rump width, chest circumference, and MLD depth of lambs carrying myostatin mutation were significantly greater than Pırlak lambs. Six-month live weight means of Pırlak, Texel, and myostatin-carrying BC1 lambs were found as 39.45, 37.22, and 39.06 kg, respectively. Myostatin-carrying BC1 lambs had a superiority to Pırlak lambs in terms of muscle conformation and fatness of the hind leg. As a result, myostatin-carrying BC1 lambs were significantly found to have a better MLD area than non-carrying BC1 lambs, indicating a myostatin mutation (g+6723G > A) effect. It was concluded that the growth and carcass characteristics of Pırlak lambs may be improved by introgression of myostatin mutation.\u0000","PeriodicalId":502344,"journal":{"name":"Archives Animal Breeding","volume":"41 170","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141016372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Vrhel, J. Ducháček, M. Gašparík, M. Vacek, R. Codl, J. Pytlík
Abstract. Milk production and the efficiency of dairy cow breeding are significantly influenced by reproductive factors. The purpose of our research was to examine the relationships between selected milk production and reproductive parameters. We evaluated 659 dairy cows, including 444 purebreds from the Czech Fleckvieh and Holstein breeds and 215 crossbreds. Our primary objective was to assess the impacts of breed and parity on specific milk production and reproductive parameters. The study revealed significant results regarding the interaction between certain breed groups and parity. In particular, there was a noticeable increase in milk yield with parity. Furthermore, it was also evident that the highest milk yield values were related to the milk content. Breed group H, which represents cows with a more than 50 % Holstein bloodline, had the highest values of the monitored milk content. Our findings show that first-lactation crossbred Czech Fleckvieh cows had a reduced milk yield, decreased fat, and lactose content in milk. However, they had a more favourable calving interval when compared to purebred Czech Fleckvieh and higher-parity Holstein crossbreds. Crossbred H, in comparison to C100 and C50, whether purebred or crossbred with Czech Fleckvieh, showed a relatively higher content of some milk components. The results for service periods and calving intervals were not statistically significant. The findings of this study highlight the promising potential of higher-parity Holstein crossbred cows in terms of milk yield and the advantages of lower-parity ones concerning milk contents.
摘要奶牛的产奶量和繁殖效率受繁殖因素的显著影响。我们研究的目的是考察选定的产奶量和繁殖参数之间的关系。我们对 659 头奶牛进行了评估，其中包括 444 头来自捷克弗莱克维赫和荷斯坦品种的纯种奶牛以及 215 头杂交奶牛。我们的主要目标是评估品种和胎次对特定产奶量和繁殖参数的影响。研究结果表明，某些品种组和母牛奇数之间的相互作用具有重要意义。特别是，产奶量随着母牛的奇偶性而明显增加。此外，产奶量最高值还与牛奶含量有关。品种组 H 代表荷斯坦血统超过 50% 的奶牛，其监测到的牛奶含量值最高。我们的研究结果表明，第一次泌乳的杂交捷克弗莱克维赫奶牛产奶量下降，牛奶中的脂肪和乳糖含量降低。然而，与纯种捷克弗莱克维赫奶牛和高比例荷斯坦杂交牛相比，它们的产犊间隔期更长。与 C100 和 C50（无论是纯种还是与捷克弗莱克维赫杂交）相比，杂交 H 牛的某些牛奶成分含量相对较高。役期和产犊间隔的结果没有统计学意义。这项研究的结果凸显了高比例荷斯坦杂交奶牛在产奶量方面的潜力，以及低比例荷斯坦杂交奶牛在牛奶成分方面的优势。
{"title":"Association between production and reproduction parameters based on parity and breed of dairy cows in the Czech Republic","authors":"M. Vrhel, J. Ducháček, M. Gašparík, M. Vacek, R. Codl, J. Pytlík","doi":"10.5194/aab-67-197-2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-67-197-2024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Milk production and the efficiency of dairy cow breeding are significantly influenced by reproductive factors. The purpose of our research was to examine the relationships between selected milk production and reproductive parameters. We evaluated 659 dairy cows, including 444 purebreds from the Czech Fleckvieh and Holstein breeds and 215 crossbreds. Our primary objective was to assess the impacts of breed and parity on specific milk production and reproductive parameters. The study revealed significant results regarding the interaction between certain breed groups and parity. In particular, there was a noticeable increase in milk yield with parity. Furthermore, it was also evident that the highest milk yield values were related to the milk content. Breed group H, which represents cows with a more than 50 % Holstein bloodline, had the highest values of the monitored milk content. Our findings show that first-lactation crossbred Czech Fleckvieh cows had a reduced milk yield, decreased fat, and lactose content in milk. However, they had a more favourable calving interval when compared to purebred Czech Fleckvieh and higher-parity Holstein crossbreds. Crossbred H, in comparison to C100 and C50, whether purebred or crossbred with Czech Fleckvieh, showed a relatively higher content of some milk components. The results for service periods and calving intervals were not statistically significant. The findings of this study highlight the promising potential of higher-parity Holstein crossbred cows in terms of milk yield and the advantages of lower-parity ones concerning milk contents.\u0000","PeriodicalId":502344,"journal":{"name":"Archives Animal Breeding","volume":"50 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140667971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. El-Ratel, M. El-Deep, Nada K. Alharbi, Worood A. A. Alyoubi, Khaled H. El-Kholy, Ahmed A. Badawy, Ahmed Ezzat Ahmed, M. F. El Basuini, Mahmoud Alagawany, S. Fouda
Abstract. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of dietary lysozyme levels on the growth performance, hematological and blood biochemical parameters, immunity, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal microbial count in broiler chickens. Three-hundred 1 d old birds (Cobb-avian500) were used and divided into five groups (five replicates per group, 60 birds per replicate). Birds in the first group were fed a control diet, while birds in the second, third, fourth, and fifth groups were fed the control diet with 0.2 g lincomycin, 1 g commercial lysozyme, 25 mg chicken egg lysozyme, and 50 mg egg lysozyme per kg of diet, respectively. Results confirmed that, in comparison with the control diet, all supplements had greater impacts on final body weight and body weight gain, and only the egg lysozyme diet (50 mg kg−1 diet) increased feed intake. Lincomycin, commercial lysozyme, and egg lysozyme (25 mg) improved the feed conversion ratio (FCR). Birds fed commercial lysozyme and egg lysozymes showed significantly increased hemoglobin and red blood cell counts. All supplements reduced white blood cells, heterophils, and heterophils / lymphocytes ratio and increased lymphocytes. All supplements significantly increased serum total protein, albumin, globulin, and glucose. The diet of egg lysozyme (50 mg kg−1) significantly decreased alpha-globulin, alanine aminotransferase, triglycerides, cholesterol, and urea levels and increased high-density lipoproteins. Diets with lincomycin, commercial lysozyme, and egg lysozyme significantly increased antioxidant capacity and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA). The interferon-gamma (IFNγ) and interlukin-2 (IL-2) were significantly improved by lincomycin, commercial lysozyme and egg lysozyme diets, but interlukin-10 (IL-10) was significantly increased only by the egg lysozyme (50 mg kg−1) diet. The total bacterial count, Salmonella, Escherichia coli, and Proteus counts were significantly decreased. Dressing rate and breast weight percentage were significantly increased by the egg lysozyme (50 mg kg−1) diet. Thigh weight percentage was increased only by the commercial lysozyme diet. In conclusion, chicken egg lysozyme (50 mg kg−1), a promising alternative for antibiotics in broiler chickens' diet, can enhance growth performance, antioxidant status, immunity, and intestinal bacteria.
{"title":"Lysozyme as an alternative to antibiotics improves growth, antioxidants status, immunity, and intestinal bacteria in broiler chickens during the fattening period","authors":"I. El-Ratel, M. El-Deep, Nada K. Alharbi, Worood A. A. Alyoubi, Khaled H. El-Kholy, Ahmed A. Badawy, Ahmed Ezzat Ahmed, M. F. El Basuini, Mahmoud Alagawany, S. Fouda","doi":"10.5194/aab-67-185-2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-67-185-2024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of dietary lysozyme levels on the growth performance, hematological and blood biochemical parameters, immunity, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal microbial count in broiler chickens. Three-hundred 1 d old birds (Cobb-avian500) were used and divided into five groups (five replicates per group, 60 birds per replicate). Birds in the first group were fed a control diet, while birds in the second, third, fourth, and fifth groups were fed the control diet with 0.2 g lincomycin, 1 g commercial lysozyme, 25 mg chicken egg lysozyme, and 50 mg egg lysozyme per kg of diet, respectively. Results confirmed that, in comparison with the control diet, all supplements had greater impacts on final body weight and body weight gain, and only the egg lysozyme diet (50 mg kg−1 diet) increased feed intake. Lincomycin, commercial lysozyme, and egg lysozyme (25 mg) improved the feed conversion ratio (FCR). Birds fed commercial lysozyme and egg lysozymes showed significantly increased hemoglobin and red blood cell counts. All supplements reduced white blood cells, heterophils, and heterophils / lymphocytes ratio and increased lymphocytes. All supplements significantly increased serum total protein, albumin, globulin, and glucose. The diet of egg lysozyme (50 mg kg−1) significantly decreased alpha-globulin, alanine aminotransferase, triglycerides, cholesterol, and urea levels and increased high-density lipoproteins. Diets with lincomycin, commercial lysozyme, and egg lysozyme significantly increased antioxidant capacity and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA). The interferon-gamma (IFNγ) and interlukin-2 (IL-2) were significantly improved by lincomycin, commercial lysozyme and egg lysozyme diets, but interlukin-10 (IL-10) was significantly increased only by the egg lysozyme (50 mg kg−1) diet. The total bacterial count, Salmonella, Escherichia coli, and Proteus counts were significantly decreased. Dressing rate and breast weight percentage were significantly increased by the egg lysozyme (50 mg kg−1) diet. Thigh weight percentage was increased only by the commercial lysozyme diet. In conclusion, chicken egg lysozyme (50 mg kg−1), a promising alternative for antibiotics in broiler chickens' diet, can enhance growth performance, antioxidant status, immunity, and intestinal bacteria.\u0000","PeriodicalId":502344,"journal":{"name":"Archives Animal Breeding","volume":" 42","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140688440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Sadoudi, A. Ait-Kaki, Y. Bellik, L. Touazi, K. Yahi, Mokrane IGUER-OUADA, J. Hornick, N. Moula
Abstract. This work investigates how incorporating olive leaves (OLs) (Olea europaea) into turkeys' (Meleagris gallopavo) diets affects their performance, welfare, blood biochemical parameters, and oxidative status of those reared in intensive farming conditions. The potential of this ingredient was assessed by comparing two dietary incorporation rates of olive leaves, 3 % and 6 %, in three commercial feeds corresponding to three growth phases over 15 weeks where feed was provided ad libitum. A total of 270 animals (broiler medium strain) were used. They were divided into three groups: the OL0, OL3, and OL6 regimens with OL incorporation rates of 0 %, 3 %, and 6 %, respectively. Animals were allocated to three pens of approximately 15 m2 of surface area; each pen had 30 animals, with a density of three turkeys per square meter. Throughout the rearing period, the diet had no effect on bird mortality. Olive leaves boosted growth rates. Indeed, after the experiment, the OL3 group had significantly higher weights than the OL6 and OL0 groups, which had the lowest feed conversion ratio. Furthermore, after bleeding, the weights and evisceration was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the OL3 and OL0 groups compared to the OL6 group. However, OL0 turkeys had significantly higher spleen, heart, and abdominal fat weights than OL3 and OL6 turkeys. The three experimental groups had no significant differences (p>0.05) in carcass yield or gizzard or liver weights. OL supplementation improved oxidative status but had no effect on animal welfare or blood biochemical parameters, with the exception of the mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), which was significantly (p < 0.05) lower in the OL3 group than in the OL0 and OL6 groups. Except for the mean cholesterol level, which was significantly (p < 0.05) lower in the OL3 and OL6 (1.29 g L−1) groups compared to the OL0 group, and the albumin level, which was higher in the OL0 group compared to the OL6 group, no significant effect was observed on biochemical serum parameters. Thus, a 3 % OL supplementation in the turkey diet appears promising for improving the bird's growth performance.
{"title":"Effect of olive leaf incorporation in animal feed on broiler turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) growth performance, welfare, oxidative status, and blood and biochemical serum parameters","authors":"A. Sadoudi, A. Ait-Kaki, Y. Bellik, L. Touazi, K. Yahi, Mokrane IGUER-OUADA, J. Hornick, N. Moula","doi":"10.5194/aab-67-163-2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-67-163-2024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. This work investigates how incorporating olive leaves (OLs) (Olea europaea) into turkeys' (Meleagris gallopavo) diets affects their performance, welfare, blood biochemical parameters, and oxidative status of those reared in intensive farming conditions. The potential of this ingredient was assessed by comparing two dietary incorporation rates of olive leaves, 3 % and 6 %, in three commercial feeds corresponding to three growth phases over 15 weeks where feed was provided ad libitum. A total of 270 animals (broiler medium strain) were used. They were divided into three groups: the OL0, OL3, and OL6 regimens with OL incorporation rates of 0 %, 3 %, and 6 %, respectively. Animals were allocated to three pens of approximately 15 m2 of surface area; each pen had 30 animals, with a density of three turkeys per square meter. Throughout the rearing period, the diet had no effect on bird mortality. Olive leaves boosted growth rates. Indeed, after the experiment, the OL3 group had significantly higher weights than the OL6 and OL0 groups, which had the lowest feed conversion ratio. Furthermore, after bleeding, the weights and evisceration was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the OL3 and OL0 groups compared to the OL6 group. However, OL0 turkeys had significantly higher spleen, heart, and abdominal fat weights than OL3 and OL6 turkeys. The three experimental groups had no significant differences (p>0.05) in carcass yield or gizzard or liver weights. OL supplementation improved oxidative status but had no effect on animal welfare or blood biochemical parameters, with the exception of the mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), which was significantly (p < 0.05) lower in the OL3 group than in the OL0 and OL6 groups. Except for the mean cholesterol level, which was significantly (p < 0.05) lower in the OL3 and OL6 (1.29 g L−1) groups compared to the OL0 group, and the albumin level, which was higher in the OL0 group compared to the OL6 group, no significant effect was observed on biochemical serum parameters. Thus, a 3 % OL supplementation in the turkey diet appears promising for improving the bird's growth performance.\u0000","PeriodicalId":502344,"journal":{"name":"Archives Animal Breeding","volume":" 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140690297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. Milk and dairy products are among daily-consumed foods in most countries. However, milk production and characteristics depend mainly on animal feeding and additives. The basic feeding corresponds to green or conserved forage and concentrate. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a conserved oat forage form (hay, H, or silage, S) and rosemary essential oils (REO) as additives on milk production and the fatty acid (FA) profile of Sicilo-Sarde dairy sheep. Forty-eight lactating Sicilo-Sarde ewes were ranked into four homogenous groups. Two groups were fed oat hay (H) and the other group oat silage (S) ad libitum. All the ewes were supplemented with 600 g d−1 of concentrate. Within each form of forage, one group of ewes received a control concentrate, and the other group received the REO concentrate. The milk yield was not affected by REO intake but tended to be higher (P=0.07) for oat hay than for silage (570 vs. 510 mL d−1). The milk protein content was greater for oat silage than hay diets (5.8 vs. 5.3 %), given that the silage form contains more crude protein. In addition, the silage form of forage improved the milk FA profile, with higher C18:3n−3 (0.70 vs. 0.45 %) long-chain FA and polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) n3 proportions and a lower PUFA n-6/n-3 dietetic ratio (P<0.05). The milk of ewes receiving REO contained a lower percentage of vaccenic acid and n−6 PUFA but a higher percentage of n−3 PUFA and consequently lower n6/n3 (2.56) and PUFA / SFA (P<0.05) ratios. In conclusion, REO could be recommended for dairy ewes fed silage to improve the nutritional quality of their milk for human consumption.
{"title":"Effects of rosemary essential oil on the milk production and fatty acid profiles of ewes fed oat hay or silage","authors":"S. Smeti, H. Hajji, Margalida Joy, N. Atti","doi":"10.5194/aab-67-177-2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-67-177-2024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Milk and dairy products are among daily-consumed foods in most countries. However, milk production and characteristics depend mainly on animal feeding and additives. The basic feeding corresponds to green or conserved forage and concentrate. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a conserved oat forage form (hay, H, or silage, S) and rosemary essential oils (REO) as additives on milk production and the fatty acid (FA) profile of Sicilo-Sarde dairy sheep. Forty-eight lactating Sicilo-Sarde ewes were ranked into four homogenous groups. Two groups were fed oat hay (H) and the other group oat silage (S) ad libitum. All the ewes were supplemented with 600 g d−1 of concentrate. Within each form of forage, one group of ewes received a control concentrate, and the other group received the REO concentrate. The milk yield was not affected by REO intake but tended to be higher (P=0.07) for oat hay than for silage (570 vs. 510 mL d−1). The milk protein content was greater for oat silage than hay diets (5.8 vs. 5.3 %), given that the silage form contains more crude protein. In addition, the silage form of forage improved the milk FA profile, with higher C18:3n−3 (0.70 vs. 0.45 %) long-chain FA and polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) n3 proportions and a lower PUFA n-6/n-3 dietetic ratio (P<0.05). The milk of ewes receiving REO contained a lower percentage of vaccenic acid and n−6 PUFA but a higher percentage of n−3 PUFA and consequently lower n6/n3 (2.56) and PUFA / SFA (P<0.05) ratios. In conclusion, REO could be recommended for dairy ewes fed silage to improve the nutritional quality of their milk for human consumption.\u0000","PeriodicalId":502344,"journal":{"name":"Archives Animal Breeding","volume":" 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140690702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. Litter size is one of the key factors affecting the efficiency of sheep breeding, and previous studies found that the HRG, FETUB, and GUCY1A1 genes were closely related to litter size in sheep. This experiment aims to explore the polymorphisms of the g.405442728A>G locus of the HRG gene, the g.421655951C>T locus of the FETUB gene, and the g.414050897G>C locus of the GUCY1A1 gene and their association with sheep litter size. The MassARRAY® single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping technique was used to detect the polymorphisms of these loci in five sheep breeds, i.e., Small-tailed Han sheep, Hu sheep, Cele black sheep, Sunite sheep, and Bamei mutton sheep. In addition, the association between the polymorphisms of these genes and the litter size of Small-tailed Han sheep was also analyzed. The results showed that the g.405442728A>G locus of the HRG gene was moderately polymorphic (0.25 < PIC <0.5) in both monotocous and polytocous sheep breeds; the g.421655951C>T locus of the FETUB gene was lowly polymorphic (PIC <0.25) in five sheep breeds; the g.414050897G>C locus of GUCY1A1 showed moderately polymorphism in Small-tailed Han sheep (0.25 ≤ PIC <0.5) and low polymorphism in four other sheep breeds (PIC <0.25). The chi-squared test results showed that the g.405442728A>G locus of the HRG gene was in the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium state in five sheep breeds (P>0.05). The g.421655951 C>T locus of the FETUB gene and the g.414050897G>C locus of the GUCY1A1 gene were in the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium state in Small-tailed Han sheep (P>0.05) and in the Hardy–Weinberg disequilibrium state in other sheep breeds (P<0.05). The association analysis showed that the g.405442728A>G locus of the HRG gene and the g.421655951C>T locus of the FETUB gene had a significant impact on the litter size of sheep (P<0.05), while the g.414050897G>C locus of the GUCY1A1 gene had no significant impact on the litter size (P>0.05). In summary, the HRG gene and the FETUB gene can be used as potential molecular markers for the selection of the litter size in sheep.
{"title":"Polymorphisms of the HRG, FETUB, and GUCY1A1 genes and their association with litter size in sheep","authors":"Zizhen Ren, Xiaoyun He, Xiangyu Wang, M. Chu","doi":"10.5194/aab-67-153-2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-67-153-2024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Litter size is one of the key factors affecting the efficiency of sheep breeding, and previous studies found that the HRG, FETUB, and GUCY1A1 genes were closely related to litter size in sheep. This experiment aims to explore the polymorphisms of the g.405442728A>G locus of the HRG gene, the g.421655951C>T locus of the FETUB gene, and the g.414050897G>C locus of the GUCY1A1 gene and their association with sheep litter size. The MassARRAY® single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping technique was used to detect the polymorphisms of these loci in five sheep breeds, i.e., Small-tailed Han sheep, Hu sheep, Cele black sheep, Sunite sheep, and Bamei mutton sheep. In addition, the association between the polymorphisms of these genes and the litter size of Small-tailed Han sheep was also analyzed. The results showed that the g.405442728A>G locus of the HRG gene was moderately polymorphic (0.25 < PIC <0.5) in both monotocous and polytocous sheep breeds; the g.421655951C>T locus of the FETUB gene was lowly polymorphic (PIC <0.25) in five sheep breeds; the g.414050897G>C locus of GUCY1A1 showed moderately polymorphism in Small-tailed Han sheep (0.25 ≤ PIC <0.5) and low polymorphism in four other sheep breeds (PIC <0.25). The chi-squared test results showed that the g.405442728A>G locus of the HRG gene was in the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium state in five sheep breeds (P>0.05). The g.421655951 C>T locus of the FETUB gene and the g.414050897G>C locus of the GUCY1A1 gene were in the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium state in Small-tailed Han sheep (P>0.05) and in the Hardy–Weinberg disequilibrium state in other sheep breeds (P<0.05). The association analysis showed that the g.405442728A>G locus of the HRG gene and the g.421655951C>T locus of the FETUB gene had a significant impact on the litter size of sheep (P<0.05), while the g.414050897G>C locus of the GUCY1A1 gene had no significant impact on the litter size (P>0.05). In summary, the HRG gene and the FETUB gene can be used as potential molecular markers for the selection of the litter size in sheep.\u0000","PeriodicalId":502344,"journal":{"name":"Archives Animal Breeding","volume":"38 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140713852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. The environment in which animals are kept must provide suitable conditions for their species. This includes ensuring that animals are healthy, well-fed, safe, able to exhibit species-specific behaviors, not experiencing fear or pain, and not under chronic or acute stress. Poultry welfare is achieved when birds are raised in environments that meet their physiological and ethological needs. Fear can significantly impact animal welfare. Chickens have been significantly altered by human artificial selection. Despite this, they exhibit reactivity towards humans and tend to avoid them. Poultry animals reared in environmentally controlled poultry houses and bred for superior productivity are more sensitive to fear factors and have lost their adaptability to a great extent. This study aimed to determine the effect of personnel clothing color on stress and fear in chickens in layer hen coops. The experiment involved 32-week-old laying hens of three different genotypes. A worker in the henhouse wore six respective different colors of workwear (dark blue, green, red, yellow, black, and white), and sound measurements were taken during this time. The results showed that the color of the worker's clothing influenced the sound intensity of the chickens (P<0.05). White clothing elicited the least reaction, whereas black and dark blue elicited the most. The other three colors showed similar reactions. In conclusion, workers in layer hen coops wearing dark clothing, such as dark blue and black, can induce stress and noise in the animals. Additionally, chickens showed similar reactions to green, red, and yellow colors, with white being the color around which they felt the most secure.
{"title":"The effect of worker clothing color on stress in laying hens","authors":"Murat Genc, U. Ozenturk","doi":"10.5194/aab-67-145-2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-67-145-2024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The environment in which animals are kept must provide suitable conditions for their species. This includes ensuring that animals are healthy, well-fed, safe, able to exhibit species-specific behaviors, not experiencing fear or pain, and not under chronic or acute stress. Poultry welfare is achieved when birds are raised in environments that meet their physiological and ethological needs. Fear can significantly impact animal welfare. Chickens have been significantly altered by human artificial selection. Despite this, they exhibit reactivity towards humans and tend to avoid them. Poultry animals reared in environmentally controlled poultry houses and bred for superior productivity are more sensitive to fear factors and have lost their adaptability to a great extent. This study aimed to determine the effect of personnel clothing color on stress and fear in chickens in layer hen coops. The experiment involved 32-week-old laying hens of three different genotypes. A worker in the henhouse wore six respective different colors of workwear (dark blue, green, red, yellow, black, and white), and sound measurements were taken during this time. The results showed that the color of the worker's clothing influenced the sound intensity of the chickens (P<0.05). White clothing elicited the least reaction, whereas black and dark blue elicited the most. The other three colors showed similar reactions. In conclusion, workers in layer hen coops wearing dark clothing, such as dark blue and black, can induce stress and noise in the animals. Additionally, chickens showed similar reactions to green, red, and yellow colors, with white being the color around which they felt the most secure.\u0000","PeriodicalId":502344,"journal":{"name":"Archives Animal Breeding","volume":"91 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140740594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tomáš Kopec, R. Filipčík, Blanka Dřízhalová, Pavel Horký, M. Večeřa, D. Falta
Abstract. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of exterior traits on milk production and also on the calving ease in first parity for dual-purpose (milk and meat) cows of Simmental origin. The analysis used 7987 purebred Czech Fleckvieh cows. The impact of the measured features of the frame and the linear type traits of the udder and muscularity were evaluated. The influence of height at the sacrum and body depth on milk yield has been demonstrated. A productivity increase of 27.62 kg of milk can be anticipated for every 1 cm increase in the height at the sacrum, and a productivity increase of 19.78 kg of milk can be expected for every 1 cm increase in body depth. The length of the fore and rear udders, the angle of udder attachment, and the depth of the udders all had a statistically significant impact on milk yield. In the case of calving ease, only the influence of muscularity was proven. The likelihood of difficult calving was 0.18 in cows with weak muscularity. The findings demonstrate that the exterior score is significant not only as a collection of fitness and longevity traits but also as a factor in milk yield.
{"title":"The effect of exterior traits on milk production and calving ease in Czech Fleckvieh cows in first parity","authors":"Tomáš Kopec, R. Filipčík, Blanka Dřízhalová, Pavel Horký, M. Večeřa, D. Falta","doi":"10.5194/aab-67-133-2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-67-133-2024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of exterior traits on milk production and also on the calving ease in first parity for dual-purpose (milk and meat) cows of Simmental origin. The analysis used 7987 purebred Czech Fleckvieh cows. The impact of the measured features of the frame and the linear type traits of the udder and muscularity were evaluated. The influence of height at the sacrum and body depth on milk yield has been demonstrated. A productivity increase of 27.62 kg of milk can be anticipated for every 1 cm increase in the height at the sacrum, and a productivity increase of 19.78 kg of milk can be expected for every 1 cm increase in body depth. The length of the fore and rear udders, the angle of udder attachment, and the depth of the udders all had a statistically significant impact on milk yield. In the case of calving ease, only the influence of muscularity was proven. The likelihood of difficult calving was 0.18 in cows with weak muscularity. The findings demonstrate that the exterior score is significant not only as a collection of fitness and longevity traits but also as a factor in milk yield.\u0000","PeriodicalId":502344,"journal":{"name":"Archives Animal Breeding","volume":"12 36","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140745695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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