Pub Date : 2024-01-11DOI: 10.9734/ajee/2024/v23i1518
Akama Pierre Dieudonné, Yede, Tadu Zéphirin, Elomo Assomo Parfait Thierry, Navodita G. Maurice
Soil is the Cameroon’s primary economic driver and an indispensable natural resource for agriculture. Various factors including physical, chemical and biological directly affect agricultural production by enhancing soil fertility. The influence of relief on termites’ diversity was extensively studied. However, the effect of the slope gradient on termite diversity and functional groups remains less studied. This study evaluated termite assemblages in relation to some edaphic parameters, with emphasis on gradual changes in soil slope. The study was conducted in Koudi, in the semi-deciduous forest zone of Southern Cameroon. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of slope gradient on termite diversity and some soil physico-chemical factors; the influence of some physico-chemical soil properties on termites. To achieve these, three slope gradients: gentle slope: A [0 - 15°]; moderate slope: B [15.1°- 31°]; and steeper slope: C [x > 31°[were chosen. The experimental design was composed of 66 rectangular quadrants of 5m x 2m in order to determine the presence or absence of termites. Two soil samples were taken per slope gradient for the determination of physico-chemical parameters. Termite community was characterized using species richness, Shannon diversity, Pielou Evenness and Simpson dominance indexes. Data obtained were subjected to Spearman correlation test and ANOVA followed by the Tukey HSD test at a threshold p = 0.05. Our findings suggested thirty-five(35) termite species belonging to eighteen (18) genders, six (6)subfamilies that were sampled and identified. Termites’ diversity and species richness decreased as slope gradient increased; slope gradient displayed a significant detrimental correlation with sand (%) and total organic (g/kg) content, with a positive significant correlation with clay (%) content, according to Spearman's test. It appeared that variations of slope at soil surface have been identified as one of the factors controlling nutrients and termite diversity.
{"title":"The Influence of Slope Gradient on Termite Assemblages and Soil Physico-Chemical Properties in Koudi Secondary Forest Patches of the Central Region of Cameroon","authors":"Akama Pierre Dieudonné, Yede, Tadu Zéphirin, Elomo Assomo Parfait Thierry, Navodita G. Maurice","doi":"10.9734/ajee/2024/v23i1518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajee/2024/v23i1518","url":null,"abstract":"Soil is the Cameroon’s primary economic driver and an indispensable natural resource for agriculture. Various factors including physical, chemical and biological directly affect agricultural production by enhancing soil fertility. The influence of relief on termites’ diversity was extensively studied. However, the effect of the slope gradient on termite diversity and functional groups remains less studied. This study evaluated termite assemblages in relation to some edaphic parameters, with emphasis on gradual changes in soil slope. The study was conducted in Koudi, in the semi-deciduous forest zone of Southern Cameroon. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of slope gradient on termite diversity and some soil physico-chemical factors; the influence of some physico-chemical soil properties on termites. To achieve these, three slope gradients: gentle slope: A [0 - 15°]; moderate slope: B [15.1°- 31°]; and steeper slope: C [x > 31°[were chosen. The experimental design was composed of 66 rectangular quadrants of 5m x 2m in order to determine the presence or absence of termites. Two soil samples were taken per slope gradient for the determination of physico-chemical parameters. Termite community was characterized using species richness, Shannon diversity, Pielou Evenness and Simpson dominance indexes. Data obtained were subjected to Spearman correlation test and ANOVA followed by the Tukey HSD test at a threshold p = 0.05. Our findings suggested thirty-five(35) termite species belonging to eighteen (18) genders, six (6)subfamilies that were sampled and identified. Termites’ diversity and species richness decreased as slope gradient increased; slope gradient displayed a significant detrimental correlation with sand (%) and total organic (g/kg) content, with a positive significant correlation with clay (%) content, according to Spearman's test. It appeared that variations of slope at soil surface have been identified as one of the factors controlling nutrients and termite diversity.","PeriodicalId":502350,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Environment & Ecology","volume":" 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139625457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-23DOI: 10.9734/ajee/2023/v22i4515
Wogu, Dennis Chijioke, Best Ordinioha, R. Ideozu, Nwondah Chigozie
Background: Worldwide, there has been increased contamination of water bodies, affecting their quality and making them unsafe for human use. This study aims to assess the physico-chemical parameters and water quality in communities in Abia State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out in communities in Umuahia South, Arochukwu, and Bende Local Government Areas in Abia State. The communities were selected through random sampling of balloting. A cross-sectional analytical study design was used for this study. One (1) liter plastic bottle was used to collect water samples from the borehole/tap, spring, and stream in the communities. Water samples collected in sterile (1) liter plastic bottles were stored in iced-lined coolers and then transported to the laboratory for analysis. Laboratory data was entered into, and analysed with Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 25. Results: This study revealed that the pH of the boreholes/ tap water in Arochukwu and Umuahia LGAs in dry and rainy seasons was below the WHO standard. In Bende LGA, the pH was within the WHO standard during the dry season whereas in the rainy season, it was below the WHO standard of 7.0 - 8.9mg/l. There was a statistically significant difference between the pH of borehole water during the dry and rainy seasons (p=0.004). A statistically significant difference was observed between zinc in the borehole water during the dry and rainy seasons (p=0.002). Also, Cadmium in the borehole water had a statistically significant difference during the dry and rainy seasons (p=0.001). Conclusion: Generally, the study highlights the poor water quality in different locations and seasons, with several parameters falling below WHO acceptable standards. Community leaders should collaborate with the government to provide safe and quality drinking water.
{"title":"Assessment of Physico-chemical Parameters and Water Quality in Communities in Abia State, Nigeria","authors":"Wogu, Dennis Chijioke, Best Ordinioha, R. Ideozu, Nwondah Chigozie","doi":"10.9734/ajee/2023/v22i4515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajee/2023/v22i4515","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Worldwide, there has been increased contamination of water bodies, affecting their quality and making them unsafe for human use. This study aims to assess the physico-chemical parameters and water quality in communities in Abia State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out in communities in Umuahia South, Arochukwu, and Bende Local Government Areas in Abia State. The communities were selected through random sampling of balloting. A cross-sectional analytical study design was used for this study. One (1) liter plastic bottle was used to collect water samples from the borehole/tap, spring, and stream in the communities. Water samples collected in sterile (1) liter plastic bottles were stored in iced-lined coolers and then transported to the laboratory for analysis. Laboratory data was entered into, and analysed with Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 25. Results: This study revealed that the pH of the boreholes/ tap water in Arochukwu and Umuahia LGAs in dry and rainy seasons was below the WHO standard. In Bende LGA, the pH was within the WHO standard during the dry season whereas in the rainy season, it was below the WHO standard of 7.0 - 8.9mg/l. There was a statistically significant difference between the pH of borehole water during the dry and rainy seasons (p=0.004). A statistically significant difference was observed between zinc in the borehole water during the dry and rainy seasons (p=0.002). Also, Cadmium in the borehole water had a statistically significant difference during the dry and rainy seasons (p=0.001). Conclusion: Generally, the study highlights the poor water quality in different locations and seasons, with several parameters falling below WHO acceptable standards. Community leaders should collaborate with the government to provide safe and quality drinking water.","PeriodicalId":502350,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Environment & Ecology","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139162411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-18DOI: 10.9734/ajee/2023/v22i4513
Jitiprova Ghosh, Amitlal Bhattacharya
Weather is a particular state of the atmosphere that describes the degrees to which it is hot or cold, wet or dry, calm or stormy, clear or cloudy. On earth, most weather phenomena occurs in the lowest layer of the planet’s atmosphere i.e the troposphere. Weather forecasting tools are used in the field of science and technology to forecast atmospheric conditions for a certain place and period. It is a very challenging task for the researchers of this field in this modern era. In this review paper we have tried to estimate the accuracy level of different machine learning method of weather forecasting.
{"title":"Machine Learning Techniques of Weather Forecasting – A Review","authors":"Jitiprova Ghosh, Amitlal Bhattacharya","doi":"10.9734/ajee/2023/v22i4513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajee/2023/v22i4513","url":null,"abstract":"Weather is a particular state of the atmosphere that describes the degrees to which it is hot or cold, wet or dry, calm or stormy, clear or cloudy. On earth, most weather phenomena occurs in the lowest layer of the planet’s atmosphere i.e the troposphere. Weather forecasting tools are used in the field of science and technology to forecast atmospheric conditions for a certain place and period. It is a very challenging task for the researchers of this field in this modern era. In this review paper we have tried to estimate the accuracy level of different machine learning method of weather forecasting.","PeriodicalId":502350,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Environment & Ecology","volume":"68 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139175337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-29DOI: 10.9734/ajee/2023/v22i4508
M. P. Solomon, I. Agbagwa, L. C. Osuji
The environmental quality and sustainability in the Niger Delta region are severely undermined by the increasing practice of artisanal crude oil refining. This study aimed to assess the impact artisanal crude oil refining on soil nutrients stability vis-à-vis plant/vegetal resources of farmlands. Farmlands in Elele-Alimini and Ibaa in Emohua Local Government Area (LGA), Ogbodo in Ikwerre LGA and Umuanyagu (control) in Etche LGA, Rivers State (Nigeria) were sampled in this study. A total of fifty (50) sampling points in both test and control locations, were randomly selected using a standard spatial (grid-based) sampling technique. Soil and plant samples within the farmlands were collected to determine the physicochemical parameters and macronutrient contents. During the dry and wet seasons, mean values of pH, EC and moisture content in test soil were in the ranges 4.60-4.85 and 4.55-4.79; 66.67-130.0 µS/cm and 31.3-33 µS/cm, and 7.21-11.49 % and 11.71-66 %, respectively. The values of pH, EC and moisture content in the control soil ranged from 4.78-4.84 and 4.81-5.14; 130-152 µS/cm and 31.5-33.0 µS/cm, 11.86-11.88% and 63-66% respectively. Electrical conductivity and pH of soil showed almost a similar trend (Control > Ogbodo > Ibaa > Elele Alimini) for both top and sub-soils and in both seasons. During the dry and wet seasons, mean values of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and Soil Organic Matter (SOM) in test soils were in the ranges 0.11-0.17% and 0.11-0.18 %; 0.13-0.23 mg/kg and 0.04-0.06 mg/kg; 22.82-51.87 mg/kg and 14.23-35.60 mg/kg; 1.30-2.00% and 1.36-2.0%, and 2.22-3.45% and 2.24-3.16, respectively. Mean values of N, P, K, TOC and SOM in control soils during the dry and wet seasons were in the ranges 0.12-0.19% and 0.14%; 0.29-0.33 mg/kg and 0.08-0.09 mg/kg; 50.33-52.18 mg/kg and 42.75-50.24 mg/kg; 1.35-2.14 and 1.83-2.08%, and 2.53-3.70% and 2.12-2.85%, respectively. The levels of N, P, K, TOC and SOM in the farmlands were low, and could result in poor crop growth yield.
{"title":"Status of Soil Quality in the Vicinity of Artisanal Refining Sites in Rivers State, Nigeria","authors":"M. P. Solomon, I. Agbagwa, L. C. Osuji","doi":"10.9734/ajee/2023/v22i4508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajee/2023/v22i4508","url":null,"abstract":"The environmental quality and sustainability in the Niger Delta region are severely undermined by the increasing practice of artisanal crude oil refining. This study aimed to assess the impact artisanal crude oil refining on soil nutrients stability vis-à-vis plant/vegetal resources of farmlands. Farmlands in Elele-Alimini and Ibaa in Emohua Local Government Area (LGA), Ogbodo in Ikwerre LGA and Umuanyagu (control) in Etche LGA, Rivers State (Nigeria) were sampled in this study. A total of fifty (50) sampling points in both test and control locations, were randomly selected using a standard spatial (grid-based) sampling technique. Soil and plant samples within the farmlands were collected to determine the physicochemical parameters and macronutrient contents. During the dry and wet seasons, mean values of pH, EC and moisture content in test soil were in the ranges 4.60-4.85 and 4.55-4.79; 66.67-130.0 µS/cm and 31.3-33 µS/cm, and 7.21-11.49 % and 11.71-66 %, respectively. The values of pH, EC and moisture content in the control soil ranged from 4.78-4.84 and 4.81-5.14; 130-152 µS/cm and 31.5-33.0 µS/cm, 11.86-11.88% and 63-66% respectively. Electrical conductivity and pH of soil showed almost a similar trend (Control > Ogbodo > Ibaa > Elele Alimini) for both top and sub-soils and in both seasons. During the dry and wet seasons, mean values of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and Soil Organic Matter (SOM) in test soils were in the ranges 0.11-0.17% and 0.11-0.18 %; 0.13-0.23 mg/kg and 0.04-0.06 mg/kg; 22.82-51.87 mg/kg and 14.23-35.60 mg/kg; 1.30-2.00% and 1.36-2.0%, and 2.22-3.45% and 2.24-3.16, respectively. Mean values of N, P, K, TOC and SOM in control soils during the dry and wet seasons were in the ranges 0.12-0.19% and 0.14%; 0.29-0.33 mg/kg and 0.08-0.09 mg/kg; 50.33-52.18 mg/kg and 42.75-50.24 mg/kg; 1.35-2.14 and 1.83-2.08%, and 2.53-3.70% and 2.12-2.85%, respectively. The levels of N, P, K, TOC and SOM in the farmlands were low, and could result in poor crop growth yield.","PeriodicalId":502350,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Environment & Ecology","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139209884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-21DOI: 10.9734/ajee/2023/v22i4507
Fazli Salim, Azizuddin Khan
Environmental degradation has become one of the most significant threats for humanity. Insights on individual’s pro-environmental actions remain insufficiently investigated in India. The study aims to explore the effect of attitude, injunctive and descriptive norms, self-efficacy, controllability and behavioural intentions on individual’s pro-environmental action. Drawing on a sample of individuals from India (n = 308), the study conducts multilinear regression and correlation analysis to explore the association between the variables. The results indicate that individual pro-environmental action is significantly affected by behavioural intentions, descriptive and injunctive norms. In contrast, attitude show a close-to-significant impact, while self-efficacy and controllability show negligible effects. Overall, these factors explain 35.6% of the variance in individual pro-environmental action. The present analysis provides an important overview of pro-environmental actions in India, essential in addressing environmental degradation. The study end by highlighting the necessity of localised research, and advancement of research in pro-environmental action in India.
{"title":"What’s with the Attitude? Unravelling the Dynamics of Pro-Environmental Action in India","authors":"Fazli Salim, Azizuddin Khan","doi":"10.9734/ajee/2023/v22i4507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajee/2023/v22i4507","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental degradation has become one of the most significant threats for humanity. Insights on individual’s pro-environmental actions remain insufficiently investigated in India. The study aims to explore the effect of attitude, injunctive and descriptive norms, self-efficacy, controllability and behavioural intentions on individual’s pro-environmental action. Drawing on a sample of individuals from India (n = 308), the study conducts multilinear regression and correlation analysis to explore the association between the variables. The results indicate that individual pro-environmental action is significantly affected by behavioural intentions, descriptive and injunctive norms. In contrast, attitude show a close-to-significant impact, while self-efficacy and controllability show negligible effects. Overall, these factors explain 35.6% of the variance in individual pro-environmental action. The present analysis provides an important overview of pro-environmental actions in India, essential in addressing environmental degradation. The study end by highlighting the necessity of localised research, and advancement of research in pro-environmental action in India.","PeriodicalId":502350,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Environment & Ecology","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139252996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-15DOI: 10.9734/ajee/2023/v22i4506
Okolo C. M., Onuorah I. D., Madu F. M.
The study area is a metropolitan city with major markets and industries in the heart of Anambra State, Nigeria. A total of thirty (30) samples was collected over two seasons and were analysed for various physicochemical parameters. The result was used to evaluate the seasonal variation in the various water parameters. The results show that there were no significant seasonal variations in the concentration values of pH, EC, NO3, CO3, SO4, Pb and TDS. However, seasonal variations were observed in the concentrations of Mg, Ca, Cl, Mn, Hg, Na, Cd. Cu, Ni and Ag. The concentrations of the physical parameters, the major cations and anions and some of the heavy metals were within the permissible limit of the WHO standard. Furthermore, the concentrations for turbidity, mercury and cadmium in some of the water samples were above the permissible limits in both seasons. The water quality index (WQI) categorized the samples as good, poor, very poor and unfit for consumption while heavy metal pollution index (HPI) classified the water as poor to very poor. The WQI and HPI are season dependent and these ratings indicated that the water sources are heavily contaminated, and should be properly treated before drinking.
{"title":"Seasonal Variation in Physicochemical Properties of Water in Onitsha Metropolis, Southeastern, Nigeria","authors":"Okolo C. M., Onuorah I. D., Madu F. M.","doi":"10.9734/ajee/2023/v22i4506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajee/2023/v22i4506","url":null,"abstract":"The study area is a metropolitan city with major markets and industries in the heart of Anambra State, Nigeria. A total of thirty (30) samples was collected over two seasons and were analysed for various physicochemical parameters. The result was used to evaluate the seasonal variation in the various water parameters. The results show that there were no significant seasonal variations in the concentration values of pH, EC, NO3, CO3, SO4, Pb and TDS. However, seasonal variations were observed in the concentrations of Mg, Ca, Cl, Mn, Hg, Na, Cd. Cu, Ni and Ag. The concentrations of the physical parameters, the major cations and anions and some of the heavy metals were within the permissible limit of the WHO standard. Furthermore, the concentrations for turbidity, mercury and cadmium in some of the water samples were above the permissible limits in both seasons. The water quality index (WQI) categorized the samples as good, poor, very poor and unfit for consumption while heavy metal pollution index (HPI) classified the water as poor to very poor. The WQI and HPI are season dependent and these ratings indicated that the water sources are heavily contaminated, and should be properly treated before drinking.","PeriodicalId":502350,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Environment & Ecology","volume":"21 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139275950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-15DOI: 10.9734/ajee/2023/v22i4505
Krishnakumar Vaghela, Devangee Shukla, Nayan K. Jain
Abiotic and biotic components are divided into two categories to describe the structural ecosystem. Aquatic plants and animals can find a suitable habitat in the river's water body. Planktons are an important component of the wetland ecology and may serve as a marker of altering water quality. Zooplankton mostly obtains its nutrition from phytoplankton, an ecosystem producer. Most fish larvae and other plankton-eating fishes feed primarily on zooplankton species. All aquatic ecosystems' dynamics revolve around primary productivity, which sustains various food chains and food webs. The overgrowth of macrophytes, pesticides from agricultural runoff, household garbage, sewage sludge, feces near rivers, bathing of domestic animals, washing of clothing and utensils, etc. have all put pressure on river ecosystems over the past many years. Most plants and animals struggle to survive in polluted environments, but those that can handle the stress of pollution on their own may be able to. These creatures can serve as pollution indicators, or more particularly, as bioindicators of the ecosystem's trophic condition. In this article, Sabarmati River's phytoplankton and zooplankton communities were evaluated at six different locations. The current investigations were researched from January 2017 to December 2019 over a period of around 3 years. Several published plankton manuals were used for plankton collection and identification. Aquatic flora analyzed here in two respects i.e., phytoplankton and aquatic vegetation or aquatic weeds. Phytoplankton were represented by four groups, viz. Bacilariophyceae, Chlorophyceae, Cyanophyceae, and Euglenophyceae. Diversity study reveals common planktonic forms present at different sites of sampling. In general, aquatic weeds like Hydrilla, Valesneria, Chara, Nymphea, Pistia, Typha etc. were commonly found in the study area. Protozoa, Cladocera, Copepoda and Rotifers are the main groups of zooplankton found in freshwater bodies. Six Molluscans and sixteen Arthropods were identified to be the most commonly occurring riparian fauna. The annual values of all zooplankton showed greater densities at site-1 and site-6 followed by other sites, respectively. When the data were analyzed for contribution of each phylum to the overall zooplankton densities, it was dominated by Protozoa and Arthropods throughout the study period. This was followed by Rotifera, Annelid and Nematoda, respectively. The percentile composition of protozoan fauna at six study sites suggested that on more than half of the sampling occasions their major contribution was recorded at sites 1, 2 and 6 followed by sites 5, 4 and 3, respectively.
{"title":"A Study of Phytoplankton and Zooplankton Diversity in the River Sabarmati, Gujarat, India","authors":"Krishnakumar Vaghela, Devangee Shukla, Nayan K. Jain","doi":"10.9734/ajee/2023/v22i4505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajee/2023/v22i4505","url":null,"abstract":"Abiotic and biotic components are divided into two categories to describe the structural ecosystem. Aquatic plants and animals can find a suitable habitat in the river's water body. Planktons are an important component of the wetland ecology and may serve as a marker of altering water quality. Zooplankton mostly obtains its nutrition from phytoplankton, an ecosystem producer. Most fish larvae and other plankton-eating fishes feed primarily on zooplankton species. All aquatic ecosystems' dynamics revolve around primary productivity, which sustains various food chains and food webs. The overgrowth of macrophytes, pesticides from agricultural runoff, household garbage, sewage sludge, feces near rivers, bathing of domestic animals, washing of clothing and utensils, etc. have all put pressure on river ecosystems over the past many years. Most plants and animals struggle to survive in polluted environments, but those that can handle the stress of pollution on their own may be able to. These creatures can serve as pollution indicators, or more particularly, as bioindicators of the ecosystem's trophic condition. In this article, Sabarmati River's phytoplankton and zooplankton communities were evaluated at six different locations. The current investigations were researched from January 2017 to December 2019 over a period of around 3 years. Several published plankton manuals were used for plankton collection and identification. Aquatic flora analyzed here in two respects i.e., phytoplankton and aquatic vegetation or aquatic weeds. Phytoplankton were represented by four groups, viz. Bacilariophyceae, Chlorophyceae, Cyanophyceae, and Euglenophyceae. Diversity study reveals common planktonic forms present at different sites of sampling. In general, aquatic weeds like Hydrilla, Valesneria, Chara, Nymphea, Pistia, Typha etc. were commonly found in the study area. Protozoa, Cladocera, Copepoda and Rotifers are the main groups of zooplankton found in freshwater bodies. Six Molluscans and sixteen Arthropods were identified to be the most commonly occurring riparian fauna. The annual values of all zooplankton showed greater densities at site-1 and site-6 followed by other sites, respectively. When the data were analyzed for contribution of each phylum to the overall zooplankton densities, it was dominated by Protozoa and Arthropods throughout the study period. This was followed by Rotifera, Annelid and Nematoda, respectively. The percentile composition of protozoan fauna at six study sites suggested that on more than half of the sampling occasions their major contribution was recorded at sites 1, 2 and 6 followed by sites 5, 4 and 3, respectively.","PeriodicalId":502350,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Environment & Ecology","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139271977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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