Pub Date : 2024-04-10DOI: 10.9734/ajee/2024/v23i6551
Allison Chinedu Okolie, Chinenye Ojialor, Fola Adenusi, Ayodeji I. Okeyode
Aim: This paper examines the concepts of oil and gas production, effects of the operations on the environment and relevant environmental protection technologies to make the industry a sustainable one. Problem Statement: Reports show environmental pollution and ecosystem disruption emanating from oil and gas operations which are majorly exploration, production and distribution to end-users. This makes the environment to be unhealthy for living and causes breakage in food chain. Significance of Study: High relevance of oil and gas industry to the economic growth of a Nation has made it imperative to critically address the adverse effects attributed to the operations involved. Tackling the accorded problems via current environmental protection technologies will prevent operational accidents and minimize environmental pollution. With this, lives are protected, environment is kept safe, and the industry is enhanced for future sustainability. Discussions: The upstream, midstream and downstream operations that make up the oil and gas value chain were discussed. The philosophy of sustainability and sustainable development as pertained to environmental pollution and disruption of ecosystem by the operations of oil and gas industries were discussed. Reasons why round table talk should be conducted from time to time by all stakeholders as related to environmental sustainability of Oil and Gas industries in years to come were discussed. The adopted technologies to ensure there is safety and environmental protections were stated within. Conclusion: In conclusion, there is need for further research on effective technologies to improve the existing ones in terms of making safety and environmental protection from oil and gas industry a sustainable one.
{"title":"Sustainable Safety and Environmental Protection Technologies in Oil and Gas Industry","authors":"Allison Chinedu Okolie, Chinenye Ojialor, Fola Adenusi, Ayodeji I. Okeyode","doi":"10.9734/ajee/2024/v23i6551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajee/2024/v23i6551","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: This paper examines the concepts of oil and gas production, effects of the operations on the environment and relevant environmental protection technologies to make the industry a sustainable one.\u0000Problem Statement: Reports show environmental pollution and ecosystem disruption emanating from oil and gas operations which are majorly exploration, production and distribution to end-users. This makes the environment to be unhealthy for living and causes breakage in food chain.\u0000Significance of Study: High relevance of oil and gas industry to the economic growth of a Nation has made it imperative to critically address the adverse effects attributed to the operations involved. Tackling the accorded problems via current environmental protection technologies will prevent operational accidents and minimize environmental pollution. With this, lives are protected, environment is kept safe, and the industry is enhanced for future sustainability.\u0000Discussions: The upstream, midstream and downstream operations that make up the oil and gas value chain were discussed. The philosophy of sustainability and sustainable development as pertained to environmental pollution and disruption of ecosystem by the operations of oil and gas industries were discussed. Reasons why round table talk should be conducted from time to time by all stakeholders as related to environmental sustainability of Oil and Gas industries in years to come were discussed. The adopted technologies to ensure there is safety and environmental protections were stated within.\u0000Conclusion: In conclusion, there is need for further research on effective technologies to improve the existing ones in terms of making safety and environmental protection from oil and gas industry a sustainable one.","PeriodicalId":502350,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Environment & Ecology","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140718331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-10DOI: 10.9734/ajee/2024/v23i6552
S. T. Hyong, V. E. Amah, C. E. Patricks
This research evaluated the capacity of trees to store carbon in two specific locations, namely Gamji Park and Kaduna Polytechnic in Kaduna State. This was done by conducting field measurements, and observations. To facilitate measurement, the research area was partitioned into quadrants. A grand total of 1555 trees were quantified, with 775 trees found in Gamji Park and 780 trees at Kaduna Polytechnic. A non-destructive approach was used, whereby the measurement of tree height and diameter at breast height was conducted without the need for tree felling. The diameter at breast height (DBH) and height of trees with a diameter at breast height of at least 5cm were measured in each plot. The pantropical allometric equations were used to determine the carbon stock and the quantity of carbon dioxide sequestered by the plants. A total of 6875.4 Megatons/ha of carbon dioxide (CO2) was calculated to be sequestered by trees in the two research locations. The tree species Eucalyptus tereticornis and Magnifera indica had a much greater capacity for sequestration in comparison to the other trees that were examined. The Pearson correlation coefficient was employed to examine the association between tree parameters and carbon sequestration. The correlation coefficients for height and DBH were 0.934 and 0.979, respectively. These results suggest a positive relationship between tree parameters, specifically tree height and DBH, and carbon sequestration. Notably, DBH exhibited a stronger correlation compared to other parameters. A statistically significant difference in the tree parameters was observed, as shown by a p-value of less than 0.05.
{"title":"A Critical Evaluation of the Carbon Sequestration Capacity of Trees in Specific Regions within Kaduna State Nigeria","authors":"S. T. Hyong, V. E. Amah, C. E. Patricks","doi":"10.9734/ajee/2024/v23i6552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajee/2024/v23i6552","url":null,"abstract":"This research evaluated the capacity of trees to store carbon in two specific locations, namely Gamji Park and Kaduna Polytechnic in Kaduna State. This was done by conducting field measurements, and observations. To facilitate measurement, the research area was partitioned into quadrants. A grand total of 1555 trees were quantified, with 775 trees found in Gamji Park and 780 trees at Kaduna Polytechnic. A non-destructive approach was used, whereby the measurement of tree height and diameter at breast height was conducted without the need for tree felling. The diameter at breast height (DBH) and height of trees with a diameter at breast height of at least 5cm were measured in each plot. The pantropical allometric equations were used to determine the carbon stock and the quantity of carbon dioxide sequestered by the plants. A total of 6875.4 Megatons/ha of carbon dioxide (CO2) was calculated to be sequestered by trees in the two research locations. The tree species Eucalyptus tereticornis and Magnifera indica had a much greater capacity for sequestration in comparison to the other trees that were examined. The Pearson correlation coefficient was employed to examine the association between tree parameters and carbon sequestration. The correlation coefficients for height and DBH were 0.934 and 0.979, respectively. These results suggest a positive relationship between tree parameters, specifically tree height and DBH, and carbon sequestration. Notably, DBH exhibited a stronger correlation compared to other parameters. A statistically significant difference in the tree parameters was observed, as shown by a p-value of less than 0.05.","PeriodicalId":502350,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Environment & Ecology","volume":"109 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140716923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-09DOI: 10.9734/ajee/2024/v23i6550
K. Rajyalaxmi, M. Aruna
The current study deals with composition, density and diversity of phytoplankton during January 2023 to December 2023 monthly in the Rathi cheruvu, Bhadradri Kothagudem, Telangana, India. Samplings were collected from different locations of the study site during a one year research period. Several physico-chemical parameters were studied from two sampling stations such as water temperature, pH, DO, BOD, SO4, NO3, PO4 and Cl-, of which pH, DO and BOD were shown to be the most significant in growth and development of phytoplanton. In the current study revealed a total number of 43 species of phytoplankton belonging to four major classes i.e. Chlorophyceae with 16 species, Bacillariophyceae with 14 species, Euglenophyceae with three species and Cyanophyceae with 10 species. The maximum population of phytoplankton diversity was observed during summer followed by monsoon with a total 1058 phytoplankton species during one year of study period. Finally the study showed that the study site has a well balanced phytoplankton community.
{"title":"Composition, Density and Diversity of Phytoplankton in Rathi Cheruvu, Bhadradri Kothagudem, Telangana, India","authors":"K. Rajyalaxmi, M. Aruna","doi":"10.9734/ajee/2024/v23i6550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajee/2024/v23i6550","url":null,"abstract":"The current study deals with composition, density and diversity of phytoplankton during January 2023 to December 2023 monthly in the Rathi cheruvu, Bhadradri Kothagudem, Telangana, India. Samplings were collected from different locations of the study site during a one year research period. Several physico-chemical parameters were studied from two sampling stations such as water temperature, pH, DO, BOD, SO4, NO3, PO4 and Cl-, of which pH, DO and BOD were shown to be the most significant in growth and development of phytoplanton. In the current study revealed a total number of 43 species of phytoplankton belonging to four major classes i.e. Chlorophyceae with 16 species, Bacillariophyceae with 14 species, Euglenophyceae with three species and Cyanophyceae with 10 species. The maximum population of phytoplankton diversity was observed during summer followed by monsoon with a total 1058 phytoplankton species during one year of study period. Finally the study showed that the study site has a well balanced phytoplankton community.","PeriodicalId":502350,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Environment & Ecology","volume":"134 41","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140725347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-06DOI: 10.9734/ajee/2024/v23i6549
P. B. Kotiyal, Shivam Kumar Sharma, Deeksha Sharma, Ritika Gupta
This study investigates the impact of forest area mining on reclaimed limestone mined areas in Sahastradhara, Uttarakhand, India. Initiated in 1989-90, eco-restoration efforts aimed at rehabilitating the mined areas resulted in restoration ages of 25, 24, and 23 years across different sites. The study comprehensively examined vegetation and soil physicochemical properties at various depths, revealing the dominance of species like Murrayakoenigii, Acacia catechu, Vitex negundo, Eupatorium adenophorum, Grevillea robusta, and Lantana camara. Soil analyses unveiled variations in moisture content, bulk density, and coarse fragment percentage across the sites, a rise in organic carbon, phosphorous, and nitrogen levels, showcasing soil improvement post-restoration. Correlation analyses unveiled interrelationships between soil properties, emphasizing the importance of organic matter in influencing soil acidity. Vegetation analyses at different sites revealed evolving plant communities, with prominent species contributing to the ecological richness. The Importance Value Index (IVI) and Shannon Weiner Index (H') provided insights into species dominance and biodiversity. The results showed that the soil pH was slightly basic, and the available phosphorus and nitrogen levels were within the optimal range for plant growth. However, the bulk density and electrical conductivity values were higher than the recommended range. This study contributes valuable insights into the intricate interplay between mining activities, vegetation dynamics, and soil health, guiding future ecological restoration endeavors in similar contexts. The study concluded that the eco-restoration work carried out in the area has been successful in restoring the vegetation, but further assessment is required to ensure the long-term success of the restoration efforts.
{"title":"Assessment of Reclaimed Mined Area of Sahastradhara, Dehradun by Soil and Vegetation Analysis","authors":"P. B. Kotiyal, Shivam Kumar Sharma, Deeksha Sharma, Ritika Gupta","doi":"10.9734/ajee/2024/v23i6549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajee/2024/v23i6549","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the impact of forest area mining on reclaimed limestone mined areas in Sahastradhara, Uttarakhand, India. Initiated in 1989-90, eco-restoration efforts aimed at rehabilitating the mined areas resulted in restoration ages of 25, 24, and 23 years across different sites. The study comprehensively examined vegetation and soil physicochemical properties at various depths, revealing the dominance of species like Murrayakoenigii, Acacia catechu, Vitex negundo, Eupatorium adenophorum, Grevillea robusta, and Lantana camara. Soil analyses unveiled variations in moisture content, bulk density, and coarse fragment percentage across the sites, a rise in organic carbon, phosphorous, and nitrogen levels, showcasing soil improvement post-restoration. Correlation analyses unveiled interrelationships between soil properties, emphasizing the importance of organic matter in influencing soil acidity. Vegetation analyses at different sites revealed evolving plant communities, with prominent species contributing to the ecological richness. The Importance Value Index (IVI) and Shannon Weiner Index (H') provided insights into species dominance and biodiversity. The results showed that the soil pH was slightly basic, and the available phosphorus and nitrogen levels were within the optimal range for plant growth. However, the bulk density and electrical conductivity values were higher than the recommended range. This study contributes valuable insights into the intricate interplay between mining activities, vegetation dynamics, and soil health, guiding future ecological restoration endeavors in similar contexts. The study concluded that the eco-restoration work carried out in the area has been successful in restoring the vegetation, but further assessment is required to ensure the long-term success of the restoration efforts.","PeriodicalId":502350,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Environment & Ecology","volume":"2 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140734761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-05DOI: 10.9734/ajee/2024/v23i5548
V. Kabinesh, S. Vennila, K. Baranidharan, R. Ravi, Hemalatha P., S. Krishnamoorthi, M. Thirunavukkarasu
In recent years, a resurgence of interest in reconnecting with "nature" has emerged, driven by its inherent benefits and the need to address societal and environmental challenges. However, the concept of "nature" remains ambiguous within architectural contexts, necessitating a nuanced approach. The theory of biophilia, rooted in the inherent human inclination towards life and lifelike processes, has led to the development of biophilic design principles. These principles aim to incorporate natural elements into built environments, enhancing human well-being and connection with nature. By integrating biophilic design into sustainable architecture, architects can address various challenges, from mitigating climate change to improving human health. Interdisciplinary collaboration and a nuanced understanding of biophilic design implications are essential for its successful implementation. Overall, biophilic design offers a compelling framework for creating sustainable and human-centric built environments, prioritizing elements that contribute effectively to human well-being and connection with nature. Through innovative design solutions, architects can address complex societal and environmental challenges, paving the way for a more sustainable future.
{"title":"Sustainable Spaces - The Evolution of Biophilic Design in Modern Architecture: A Review","authors":"V. Kabinesh, S. Vennila, K. Baranidharan, R. Ravi, Hemalatha P., S. Krishnamoorthi, M. Thirunavukkarasu","doi":"10.9734/ajee/2024/v23i5548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajee/2024/v23i5548","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, a resurgence of interest in reconnecting with \"nature\" has emerged, driven by its inherent benefits and the need to address societal and environmental challenges. However, the concept of \"nature\" remains ambiguous within architectural contexts, necessitating a nuanced approach. The theory of biophilia, rooted in the inherent human inclination towards life and lifelike processes, has led to the development of biophilic design principles. These principles aim to incorporate natural elements into built environments, enhancing human well-being and connection with nature. By integrating biophilic design into sustainable architecture, architects can address various challenges, from mitigating climate change to improving human health. Interdisciplinary collaboration and a nuanced understanding of biophilic design implications are essential for its successful implementation. Overall, biophilic design offers a compelling framework for creating sustainable and human-centric built environments, prioritizing elements that contribute effectively to human well-being and connection with nature. Through innovative design solutions, architects can address complex societal and environmental challenges, paving the way for a more sustainable future.","PeriodicalId":502350,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Environment & Ecology","volume":"181 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140740513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-05DOI: 10.9734/ajee/2024/v23i5547
Egbomuche, R. C., E. U. N., Udofia, G. E., Anosike, I. K., Etang, U. E., Akpan N. G., Fatunla O.K.
The diversity of bacteria in freshwater is influenced by some important physicochemical factors and autotrophic nutrients. Their diversity can be employed as a sensitive pollution indicator in the environment and change because bacteria respond quickly to changes in the ecosystem. Analysis of physicochemical and bacteriological quality of humic freshwater and sediment was carried out on samples from three (3) geo-referenced sections of Eniong River, AkwaIbom State designated ST3 (Upstream), ST2 (Midstream) and ST1 (Downstream) using standard analytical methods. The results obtained were compared with World Health Organization (WHO) and Federal Ministry of Environment (FMENV) standards. The study revealed that thesamples had a mean heterotrophic bacterial count of 5.95±0.41 log10 CFU/g and heavy pollution with faecal bacteria such as (4.31±2.51 log10CFU/g TCC and 5.19 ±0.33 log10CFU/g FCC), including mean counts of Staphylococcus spp (5.90±1.16log10CFU/g), Vibrio spp (.21±1.04 log10CFU/g), Salmonella-Shigella (3.15±0.33 log10CFU/g), and Actinomycetes (3.29±2.49 log10CFU/g) that considerably exceeded the recommended range of WHO/FMENV for portability. The most abundance bacteria in were Bacillus subtilis, S. aureus and Shigella spp (55.6%) followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Salmonella, Nocardia sp, Proteus sp., Staphylococcu sspp, Burkholderia pseudomallei and Enterococcus faecalis with a prevalence rate of 44.4%. The results showed the mean DO (7.67±0.037 mg/ml)), EC (85.07±0.52 μS/cm) and temperature (27.480C±0.049) of Eniong river water were within acceptable standard values while TSS (12.5 mg/ml) and TDS (19.0±1.30 mg/ml) values were not. Also, Pb, Cd, Vn, Ni and Cu recorded higher values while the concentrations of Fe2+, K+, Na+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ were remarkably low in both water and sediment. The mean pH of the river and sediment were 6.48±0.018 and 6.42±0.019, respectively. Similarly, among the anionic surfactant, the mean values for nitrate, carbonate and sulphate were higher in sediment than in water, while carbonate was not detected in water. The findings imply that the quality of Eniong River water and sediment is heavily compromised. Therefore, the creation of awareness on the importance of water safety and hygiene, regular monitoring of drinking water quality and enforcement of compliance with the standards by regulatory agencies are recommended to eschew possible health hazards.
{"title":"Physicochemical and Bacteriological Analyses of Eniong River Water and Sediment in Southern Nigeria","authors":"Egbomuche, R. C., E. U. N., Udofia, G. E., Anosike, I. K., Etang, U. E., Akpan N. G., Fatunla O.K.","doi":"10.9734/ajee/2024/v23i5547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajee/2024/v23i5547","url":null,"abstract":"The diversity of bacteria in freshwater is influenced by some important physicochemical factors and autotrophic nutrients. Their diversity can be employed as a sensitive pollution indicator in the environment and change because bacteria respond quickly to changes in the ecosystem. Analysis of physicochemical and bacteriological quality of humic freshwater and sediment was carried out on samples from three (3) geo-referenced sections of Eniong River, AkwaIbom State designated ST3 (Upstream), ST2 (Midstream) and ST1 (Downstream) using standard analytical methods. The results obtained were compared with World Health Organization (WHO) and Federal Ministry of Environment (FMENV) standards. The study revealed that thesamples had a mean heterotrophic bacterial count of 5.95±0.41 log10 CFU/g and heavy pollution with faecal bacteria such as (4.31±2.51 log10CFU/g TCC and 5.19 ±0.33 log10CFU/g FCC), including mean counts of Staphylococcus spp (5.90±1.16log10CFU/g), Vibrio spp (.21±1.04 log10CFU/g), Salmonella-Shigella (3.15±0.33 log10CFU/g), and Actinomycetes (3.29±2.49 log10CFU/g) that considerably exceeded the recommended range of WHO/FMENV for portability. The most abundance bacteria in were Bacillus subtilis, S. aureus and Shigella spp (55.6%) followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Salmonella, Nocardia sp, Proteus sp., Staphylococcu sspp, Burkholderia pseudomallei and Enterococcus faecalis with a prevalence rate of 44.4%. The results showed the mean DO (7.67±0.037 mg/ml)), EC (85.07±0.52 μS/cm) and temperature (27.480C±0.049) of Eniong river water were within acceptable standard values while TSS (12.5 mg/ml) and TDS (19.0±1.30 mg/ml) values were not. Also, Pb, Cd, Vn, Ni and Cu recorded higher values while the concentrations of Fe2+, K+, Na+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ were remarkably low in both water and sediment. The mean pH of the river and sediment were 6.48±0.018 and 6.42±0.019, respectively. Similarly, among the anionic surfactant, the mean values for nitrate, carbonate and sulphate were higher in sediment than in water, while carbonate was not detected in water. The findings imply that the quality of Eniong River water and sediment is heavily compromised. Therefore, the creation of awareness on the importance of water safety and hygiene, regular monitoring of drinking water quality and enforcement of compliance with the standards by regulatory agencies are recommended to eschew possible health hazards.","PeriodicalId":502350,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Environment & Ecology","volume":"29 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140736727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-29DOI: 10.9734/ajee/2024/v23i5546
R.S. Meena, Puneet Kumar, Prerana S.B.
Present study was carried out at the Farm of Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi during 2022-23. In order to study the bio-efficacy of insecticides; field experiment was laid with six treatments viz., chlorantraniliprole 0.53%G @ 29.81 g a.i/ha,chlorantraniliprole 0.53%G@39.75g a.i/ha, chlorantraniliprole 0.53%G@49.69 g a.i/ha, chlorantraniliprole 0.4G@ 40 g a.i/ha and fipronil 0.3G @75 g a.i/ha including the untreated control. In case of stem borer and leaf folder chlorantraniliprole 0.53%GR @39.75g a.i/haprovided significantly better control followed by chlorantraniliprole 0.53% GR @ 49.69g a.i/ha, Fipronil 0.30% GR@ 75g a.i/hachlorantraniliprole 0.53%G @ 29.81 g a.i/ha and Chlorantraniliprole 0.40% GR@ 49.69g a.i/ha. It was concluded that the Bio-efficacy of insecticidal treatments against major pests of paddy showed that chlorantraniliprole 0.53%G 39.5g a.i/ha was first best insecticidal treatment against both Lepidopteran insect pests of paddy.
{"title":"Bio-Efficacy of Newer Insecticides on Major Insect Pests of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)","authors":"R.S. Meena, Puneet Kumar, Prerana S.B.","doi":"10.9734/ajee/2024/v23i5546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajee/2024/v23i5546","url":null,"abstract":"Present study was carried out at the Farm of Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi during 2022-23. In order to study the bio-efficacy of insecticides; field experiment was laid with six treatments viz., chlorantraniliprole 0.53%G @ 29.81 g a.i/ha,chlorantraniliprole 0.53%G@39.75g a.i/ha, chlorantraniliprole 0.53%G@49.69 g a.i/ha, chlorantraniliprole 0.4G@ 40 g a.i/ha and fipronil 0.3G @75 g a.i/ha including the untreated control. In case of stem borer and leaf folder chlorantraniliprole 0.53%GR @39.75g a.i/haprovided significantly better control followed by chlorantraniliprole 0.53% GR @ 49.69g a.i/ha, Fipronil 0.30% GR@ 75g a.i/hachlorantraniliprole 0.53%G @ 29.81 g a.i/ha and Chlorantraniliprole 0.40% GR@ 49.69g a.i/ha. It was concluded that the Bio-efficacy of insecticidal treatments against major pests of paddy showed that chlorantraniliprole 0.53%G 39.5g a.i/ha was first best insecticidal treatment against both Lepidopteran insect pests of paddy.","PeriodicalId":502350,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Environment & Ecology","volume":"49 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140367478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-27DOI: 10.9734/ajee/2024/v23i5545
Laison S. Kaganga, Ngogo Mang’enyi Ngogo
Ecosystem services are vital services that support life and are the basis for human socio-economic progress. However, changes in land use and land cover (LULC) brought about by urban expansion degrade them. Thus, analysing the impact of land use and land cover (LULC) change on ecosystem service values (ESVs) is crucial for understanding and informing resource policy decisions. This study aims to analyse the impact of land use and land cover changes on ecosystem service values in Mwanza City, Tanzania. To achieve that, the benefits transfer approach was employed to analyse the changes in ESV in response to LULC. We estimated and analysed changes in ESV using satellite image datasets from 1999, 2009, and 2019. The LULC classes that were identified are vegetated land, agricultural land, waterbodies, built-up area, and bareland. The results exhibit that Mwanza City experienced significant LULC changes. While vegetated land, agricultural land, and bareland decreased by 49%, 15%, and 36%, respectively, the built-up area and water bodies increased by 568% and 48%, respectively, during the two decades. The total ESV decreased from 31.35 million US dollars to 26.3 million US dollars between 1999 and 2009 and to 23.96 million US dollars between 2009 and 2019. The waterbodies increased due to the increased volume of water in streams that expanded the floodplains, which resulted from surface runoff attributed to increased paved surfaces as more land was converted into a built-up environment upstream. The built-up area and bareland contributed nothing to ESV. However, the built-up area was the driving force behind the reduction of ESV in other LULC classes, as it was encroaching on them. The study concludes that the decrease in ESV reflects the degradation of ecosystem services due to the change in LULC. Hence, it is recommended that sustainable management of ecosystems be adhered for the proper functioning of the earth’s life-support system.
{"title":"Impact of Land Use and Land Cover Changes on Ecosystem Services Value in Mwanza City, Tanzania","authors":"Laison S. Kaganga, Ngogo Mang’enyi Ngogo","doi":"10.9734/ajee/2024/v23i5545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajee/2024/v23i5545","url":null,"abstract":"Ecosystem services are vital services that support life and are the basis for human socio-economic progress. However, changes in land use and land cover (LULC) brought about by urban expansion degrade them. Thus, analysing the impact of land use and land cover (LULC) change on ecosystem service values (ESVs) is crucial for understanding and informing resource policy decisions. This study aims to analyse the impact of land use and land cover changes on ecosystem service values in Mwanza City, Tanzania. To achieve that, the benefits transfer approach was employed to analyse the changes in ESV in response to LULC. We estimated and analysed changes in ESV using satellite image datasets from 1999, 2009, and 2019. The LULC classes that were identified are vegetated land, agricultural land, waterbodies, built-up area, and bareland. The results exhibit that Mwanza City experienced significant LULC changes. While vegetated land, agricultural land, and bareland decreased by 49%, 15%, and 36%, respectively, the built-up area and water bodies increased by 568% and 48%, respectively, during the two decades. The total ESV decreased from 31.35 million US dollars to 26.3 million US dollars between 1999 and 2009 and to 23.96 million US dollars between 2009 and 2019. The waterbodies increased due to the increased volume of water in streams that expanded the floodplains, which resulted from surface runoff attributed to increased paved surfaces as more land was converted into a built-up environment upstream. The built-up area and bareland contributed nothing to ESV. However, the built-up area was the driving force behind the reduction of ESV in other LULC classes, as it was encroaching on them. The study concludes that the decrease in ESV reflects the degradation of ecosystem services due to the change in LULC. Hence, it is recommended that sustainable management of ecosystems be adhered for the proper functioning of the earth’s life-support system.","PeriodicalId":502350,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Environment & Ecology","volume":"24 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140377369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-26DOI: 10.9734/ajee/2024/v23i5544
Nsima Amos Akpan
Food consumption is an important route of human exposure to organic chemicals. To assess the health risks associated with these chemicals due to fish consumption, the levels of trace metals (Cd, Cr, Ni, Cu, V, Pb and Sn) in water and fish from Qua Iboe River were assessed using atomic absorption spectrometry (ASS). Physicochemical parameters in water were determined using standard methods. The levels of physicochemical parameters in water were within permissible limits set by World Health Organisation (WHO). The levels of trace metals in water samples varied from one sampling location to another and ranged from 0.01± 0.01 to 0.10 ±0.00mg/L in wet season and from 0.01± 0.01 to 0.08± 0.01 mg/L in dry season. In fish, the levels ranged from 0.01± 0.01 to 0.61 0.01 mg/kg in wet season and from 0.02± 0.01 to 0.51± 0.01mg/kg in dry season. Results of physicochemical parameters showed variations across the sampling locations and seasons. Human health risk of trace metals contamination due to consumption of the fish revealed that hazard quotient (HQ) values were all less than unity (HQ <1). It therefore means that there is no health risk implication for consumers of commercial fish from the river. From the results, routine monitoring of these metals in studied river is strongly recommended to check escalation. Riverine communities should be educated by government on danger associated with indiscriminate disposal of wastes into aquatic environment.
{"title":"Human Health Risk Assessment of Some Trace Metals through Fish Consumption from Qua Iboe River, Oruk Anam, Nigeria","authors":"Nsima Amos Akpan","doi":"10.9734/ajee/2024/v23i5544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajee/2024/v23i5544","url":null,"abstract":"Food consumption is an important route of human exposure to organic chemicals. To assess the health risks associated with these chemicals due to fish consumption, the levels of trace metals (Cd, Cr, Ni, Cu, V, Pb and Sn) in water and fish from Qua Iboe River were assessed using atomic absorption spectrometry (ASS). Physicochemical parameters in water were determined using standard methods. The levels of physicochemical parameters in water were within permissible limits set by World Health Organisation (WHO). The levels of trace metals in water samples varied from one sampling location to another and ranged from 0.01± 0.01 to 0.10 ±0.00mg/L in wet season and from 0.01± 0.01 to 0.08± 0.01 mg/L in dry season. In fish, the levels ranged from 0.01± 0.01 to 0.61 0.01 mg/kg in wet season and from 0.02± 0.01 to 0.51± 0.01mg/kg in dry season. Results of physicochemical parameters showed variations across the sampling locations and seasons. Human health risk of trace metals contamination due to consumption of the fish revealed that hazard quotient (HQ) values were all less than unity (HQ <1). It therefore means that there is no health risk implication for consumers of commercial fish from the river. From the results, routine monitoring of these metals in studied river is strongly recommended to check escalation. Riverine communities should be educated by government on danger associated with indiscriminate disposal of wastes into aquatic environment.","PeriodicalId":502350,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Environment & Ecology","volume":"108 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140379615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-06DOI: 10.9734/ajee/2024/v23i5543
Manish Kumar, S. Sarvade, Raj Kumar, Abhishek Kumar
Production of the quality planting material has got more emphasis under sub-mission on agroforestry (SMAF) with aiming to increase tree cover outside the forest area. Establishment of the tree species depends on the quality of the planting material, available soil, water for irrigation and the adopted protection measures. Most of the tree species get problem with germination of seed due to external and internal factors and causes seed dormancy. Different kind of pre-sowing treatments were tested and applied for the different kind of tree species by researchers of the forestry. Scarification (mechanical, acid), water soaking (hot/cold), the application of chemicals and plant growth regulators, or alternate wetting and drying prior to sowing effectively break seed dormancy and improve seed germination for producing required quality planting material. Auxins (IAA, IBA, 2-4D, 4-CPA), Gibberellic acid (GA3), Cytokinins (Kinetin, Zeatin, Benzyl adenine), Ethylene (Etheral) and Abscisic acid (Dormins, Phaseic Acid) are plant growth regulators also used in different concentrations for improving tree seed germination.
{"title":"Pre-Sowing Treatments on Seeds of Forest Tree Species to Overcome the Germination Problems","authors":"Manish Kumar, S. Sarvade, Raj Kumar, Abhishek Kumar","doi":"10.9734/ajee/2024/v23i5543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajee/2024/v23i5543","url":null,"abstract":"Production of the quality planting material has got more emphasis under sub-mission on agroforestry (SMAF) with aiming to increase tree cover outside the forest area. Establishment of the tree species depends on the quality of the planting material, available soil, water for irrigation and the adopted protection measures. Most of the tree species get problem with germination of seed due to external and internal factors and causes seed dormancy. Different kind of pre-sowing treatments were tested and applied for the different kind of tree species by researchers of the forestry. Scarification (mechanical, acid), water soaking (hot/cold), the application of chemicals and plant growth regulators, or alternate wetting and drying prior to sowing effectively break seed dormancy and improve seed germination for producing required quality planting material. Auxins (IAA, IBA, 2-4D, 4-CPA), Gibberellic acid (GA3), Cytokinins (Kinetin, Zeatin, Benzyl adenine), Ethylene (Etheral) and Abscisic acid (Dormins, Phaseic Acid) are plant growth regulators also used in different concentrations for improving tree seed germination.","PeriodicalId":502350,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Environment & Ecology","volume":"6 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140077920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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