In this article, from a synchronic point of view, the particularities of the change in the pronunciation of the diphthongs ie and uo are analyzed in the dialect of Šalčininkai area, which is located on the border of the Southern Aukštaitians dialect. The audio recordings of the second half of the 20th century have been analysed. They are consistent Lithuanian texts recorded by the last representatives of this dialect. The research aims to reveal the possible reasons for the change in the pronunciation of the diphthongs ie and uo, considering the fact that the Lithuanian language was and still is not the only language in this region.The research considers the sociolinguistic situation in the region, which influenced the development and change of language functioning in the analysed area. The surroundings of the entire Šalčininkai district were enslaved at different rates. In the surroundings of Butrimonys, Gudeliai, Eišiškės, Kalesninkai, and Turgeliai, the Lithuanian language remained less compact and began to disintegrate faster, so the results of the diversification of ie and uo dialects are not the same. Instead of diphthongs, the frequent pronunciation of long vowels is fixed here – accented and unaccented ie, uo is pronounced as i, u. In Vėžionis, Didžiosios Sėlos the situation is different, so here both vowels are pronounced in these diphthongs.The research revealed that the pronunciation of diphthongs ie, uo in Šalčininkai dialect varies in various positions: from ie, uo or ie, uo to completely long i, u. The tendency of representatives of the Lithuanian dialect to unify these diphthongs is observed in Lithuanian dialects that are in contact with East Slavic languages. In the case under consideration – with Polish and local Belarusian dialects. Due to the population’s longterm bilingualism and the internal development of the language, the long vowels in the Lithuanian language have become shorter, and their quality has changed. The dephonologisation of accusatives recorded in the dialect also accelerated the process of monophtogization of diphthongs. In the studied dialect of Šalčininkai, the unison of diphthongs becomes universal. Most native speakers almost systematically monophthongize stressed and unstressed ie, uo. In rare cases, both vowels in the diphthongs were pronounced only by the oldest representatives of the language.
{"title":"The Boundaries of the Southern Aukštaitian Dialect: the Change in the Pronunciation of Diphthongs in the Subdialect of Šalčininkai Area","authors":"N. Tuomienė","doi":"10.15388/ahas.2022.29.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/ahas.2022.29.4","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, from a synchronic point of view, the particularities of the change in the pronunciation of the diphthongs ie and uo are analyzed in the dialect of Šalčininkai area, which is located on the border of the Southern Aukštaitians dialect. The audio recordings of the second half of the 20th century have been analysed. They are consistent Lithuanian texts recorded by the last representatives of this dialect. The research aims to reveal the possible reasons for the change in the pronunciation of the diphthongs ie and uo, considering the fact that the Lithuanian language was and still is not the only language in this region.The research considers the sociolinguistic situation in the region, which influenced the development and change of language functioning in the analysed area. The surroundings of the entire Šalčininkai district were enslaved at different rates. In the surroundings of Butrimonys, Gudeliai, Eišiškės, Kalesninkai, and Turgeliai, the Lithuanian language remained less compact and began to disintegrate faster, so the results of the diversification of ie and uo dialects are not the same. Instead of diphthongs, the frequent pronunciation of long vowels is fixed here – accented and unaccented ie, uo is pronounced as i, u. In Vėžionis, Didžiosios Sėlos the situation is different, so here both vowels are pronounced in these diphthongs.The research revealed that the pronunciation of diphthongs ie, uo in Šalčininkai dialect varies in various positions: from ie, uo or ie, uo to completely long i, u. The tendency of representatives of the Lithuanian dialect to unify these diphthongs is observed in Lithuanian dialects that are in contact with East Slavic languages. In the case under consideration – with Polish and local Belarusian dialects. Due to the population’s longterm bilingualism and the internal development of the language, the long vowels in the Lithuanian language have become shorter, and their quality has changed. The dephonologisation of accusatives recorded in the dialect also accelerated the process of monophtogization of diphthongs. In the studied dialect of Šalčininkai, the unison of diphthongs becomes universal. Most native speakers almost systematically monophthongize stressed and unstressed ie, uo. In rare cases, both vowels in the diphthongs were pronounced only by the oldest representatives of the language.","PeriodicalId":502376,"journal":{"name":"Acta humanitarica academiae Saulensis","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139213227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this paper is to disseminate partial results of the Europe for Citizens / Share EU – Shaping of the European citizenship in the post-totalitarian societies: Reflections after 15 years of European Union enlargement project. The project focuses on linking the educational process, historical memory, and social change 15 years after EU enlargement. Based on in-depth interviews, we have examined the transformation of Slovak society since the Velvet Revolution (1989) and joining EU (2004). The focus is given to the historical background that led to the change of a regime. The transformation to a democratic society resulted in the formation of a new Slovak identity, which was examined through Hofstede’s cultural dimensions. Respondents provided facts, thoughts, and their views of living in Slovak society since these two significant milestones.
{"title":"Transition and Transformation of the Slovak Society and Slovak Identity","authors":"Ivana Pondelíková","doi":"10.15388/ahas.2022.29.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/ahas.2022.29.2","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to disseminate partial results of the Europe for Citizens / Share EU – Shaping of the European citizenship in the post-totalitarian societies: Reflections after 15 years of European Union enlargement project. The project focuses on linking the educational process, historical memory, and social change 15 years after EU enlargement. Based on in-depth interviews, we have examined the transformation of Slovak society since the Velvet Revolution (1989) and joining EU (2004). The focus is given to the historical background that led to the change of a regime. The transformation to a democratic society resulted in the formation of a new Slovak identity, which was examined through Hofstede’s cultural dimensions. Respondents provided facts, thoughts, and their views of living in Slovak society since these two significant milestones.","PeriodicalId":502376,"journal":{"name":"Acta humanitarica academiae Saulensis","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139214260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article presents the Starkus (Latvian: Starks) family of farmers from the Daunorava (Latvian: Dundurmuiža, German: Donnerhof) Latvian dundurnieki community in Bertaučiai Village, Joniškis Parish, and the research sources on the subject matter. The research covers the following issues: (1) the 18th–19th century sources of family origin in memory preservation institutions, problem of the family origin and genealogy, the most well-known members of the family; (2) farms and sources of community demographics; (3) egodocuments and their specific features (photography collection, memoirs, diaries and letters) reflecting the economic, cultural, and social life of the community, reminiscences and genealogy of the family, kinship, and everyday activities. The sources used for the research are divided into the following categories: (1) documents in memory preservation institutions (documents of Daunorava Manor in the Latvian State Historical Archive, the Lithuanian State Historical Archives, and the Lithuanian State Central Archives: manor inventories from 1779–1797; census of souls from 1795–1834; farm censuses of 1846 and 1860; other documents from the first half of the 20th century); (2) egodocuments (1941–2007) of the Starkus Family: memoirs of the three generations of women – mother, daughter and granddaughter-niece; letters from Siberia (1948–1950); diaries of the secret agent, son-in-law Voldemaras Briedis (Voldemārs Briedis, 1944–1949); photographs from personal albums (from beginning of the 20th century to the 1970s, 285 pieces), with all digital copies stored in Aušros Museum in Šiauliai. The analysis of the Starkus case enables addressing the issue of the origin of the Latvian community of Daunorava. The community began to dominate in the area in the 18th century after massive arrival of people from Rindzele and Lēne Manors owned by German barons von der Brüggen and, possibly, from Rideļi and Balklāvi Manors owned by their relatives von Hohenastenberg gen. Wigandt in the Duchy of Courland and Semigallia. The movement most probably occurred after the plague outbreak in 1709–1710 amid the Great Northern War, when new inhabitants settled or were resettled into the considerably depopulated countryside. The question of origin may also be partly answered by means of the genealogical method, which reveals that, in the mid-18th century, most of the dundurnieki families (the Starkus, the Kaseliūnas (Latvian: Kaseļūns), the Bulis (Latvian: Bullis), the Krūminis (Latvian: Krūmiņš), the Užtupiai (Latvian: Užtupis)) had a single ancestor. The question that remains to be answered is whether a single, but well-documented case of one family can reflect the life of the community as a whole. Although comprehensive reminiscences about individual communities are lacking, several well-documented family stories can also give insight into the micro-history of the entire dundurnieki community and identify methodological access to and problems with this type of rese
{"title":"Lietuvos latvių šeimų archyvai: dundurniekų Starkų atvejis","authors":"Ernestas Vasiliauskas","doi":"10.15388/ahas.2022.29.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15388/ahas.2022.29.5","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the Starkus (Latvian: Starks) family of farmers from the Daunorava (Latvian: Dundurmuiža, German: Donnerhof) Latvian dundurnieki community in Bertaučiai Village, Joniškis Parish, and the research sources on the subject matter. The research covers the following issues: (1) the 18th–19th century sources of family origin in memory preservation institutions, problem of the family origin and genealogy, the most well-known members of the family; (2) farms and sources of community demographics; (3) egodocuments and their specific features (photography collection, memoirs, diaries and letters) reflecting the economic, cultural, and social life of the community, reminiscences and genealogy of the family, kinship, and everyday activities. The sources used for the research are divided into the following categories: (1) documents in memory preservation institutions (documents of Daunorava Manor in the Latvian State Historical Archive, the Lithuanian State Historical Archives, and the Lithuanian State Central Archives: manor inventories from 1779–1797; census of souls from 1795–1834; farm censuses of 1846 and 1860; other documents from the first half of the 20th century); (2) egodocuments (1941–2007) of the Starkus Family: memoirs of the three generations of women – mother, daughter and granddaughter-niece; letters from Siberia (1948–1950); diaries of the secret agent, son-in-law Voldemaras Briedis (Voldemārs Briedis, 1944–1949); photographs from personal albums (from beginning of the 20th century to the 1970s, 285 pieces), with all digital copies stored in Aušros Museum in Šiauliai. The analysis of the Starkus case enables addressing the issue of the origin of the Latvian community of Daunorava. The community began to dominate in the area in the 18th century after massive arrival of people from Rindzele and Lēne Manors owned by German barons von der Brüggen and, possibly, from Rideļi and Balklāvi Manors owned by their relatives von Hohenastenberg gen. Wigandt in the Duchy of Courland and Semigallia. The movement most probably occurred after the plague outbreak in 1709–1710 amid the Great Northern War, when new inhabitants settled or were resettled into the considerably depopulated countryside. The question of origin may also be partly answered by means of the genealogical method, which reveals that, in the mid-18th century, most of the dundurnieki families (the Starkus, the Kaseliūnas (Latvian: Kaseļūns), the Bulis (Latvian: Bullis), the Krūminis (Latvian: Krūmiņš), the Užtupiai (Latvian: Užtupis)) had a single ancestor. The question that remains to be answered is whether a single, but well-documented case of one family can reflect the life of the community as a whole. Although comprehensive reminiscences about individual communities are lacking, several well-documented family stories can also give insight into the micro-history of the entire dundurnieki community and identify methodological access to and problems with this type of rese","PeriodicalId":502376,"journal":{"name":"Acta humanitarica academiae Saulensis","volume":"180 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139211483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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