Pub Date : 2023-11-15DOI: 10.56028/aetr.8.1.517.2023
Yutian Zeng
As an important component in proton exchange membrane fuel cells, the performance of bipolar plates, such as electrical conductivity, bending strength, corrosion resistance, gas tightness, etc., directly determines the lifetime of fuel cells and their promotion applications. Composite bipolar plates have become a research hotspot and have been applied and promoted in related fields because of their strong design, flexible formulation, excellent performance, low cost, and applicability to various operating environments. This paper analyzes in detail the research progress of composite bipolar plates using different matrix materials, briefly analyzes and introduces the research on improving the performance of composite bipolar plates, and makes an outlook on the future development trend of composite bipolar plates for proton exchange membrane batteries.
{"title":"A review of the research progress of composite bipolar plates for proton exchange membrane fuel cells with different substrate materials","authors":"Yutian Zeng","doi":"10.56028/aetr.8.1.517.2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56028/aetr.8.1.517.2023","url":null,"abstract":"As an important component in proton exchange membrane fuel cells, the performance of bipolar plates, such as electrical conductivity, bending strength, corrosion resistance, gas tightness, etc., directly determines the lifetime of fuel cells and their promotion applications. Composite bipolar plates have become a research hotspot and have been applied and promoted in related fields because of their strong design, flexible formulation, excellent performance, low cost, and applicability to various operating environments. This paper analyzes in detail the research progress of composite bipolar plates using different matrix materials, briefly analyzes and introduces the research on improving the performance of composite bipolar plates, and makes an outlook on the future development trend of composite bipolar plates for proton exchange membrane batteries.","PeriodicalId":502380,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Engineering Technology Research","volume":"68 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139275779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-15DOI: 10.56028/aetr.8.1.610.2023
Linkun Sun, Yuxuan Zhang
With the rapid development of society, supercapacitors have been widely studied in energy storage devices for their unique advantages of high energy density, good cycle stability, fast charge and discharge speed. However, the development of supercapacitors is limited by low energy density. To address this challenge, it is important to develop and prepare electrode materials with excellent electrochemical properties for supercapacitors. To improve the energy density of supercapacitors, nickel-cobalt electrode materials have been widely studied due to their advantages of high energy density, high safety and long life. In this review, the research progress in material morphology and microstructure of supercapacitors prepared from nickel-cobalt metal oxides/hydroxides, sulfides, selenides and phosphates in recent years is summarized and prospected.
{"title":"Advances in Nickel-cobalt Electrode Materials for Supercapacitors","authors":"Linkun Sun, Yuxuan Zhang","doi":"10.56028/aetr.8.1.610.2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56028/aetr.8.1.610.2023","url":null,"abstract":"With the rapid development of society, supercapacitors have been widely studied in energy storage devices for their unique advantages of high energy density, good cycle stability, fast charge and discharge speed. However, the development of supercapacitors is limited by low energy density. To address this challenge, it is important to develop and prepare electrode materials with excellent electrochemical properties for supercapacitors. To improve the energy density of supercapacitors, nickel-cobalt electrode materials have been widely studied due to their advantages of high energy density, high safety and long life. In this review, the research progress in material morphology and microstructure of supercapacitors prepared from nickel-cobalt metal oxides/hydroxides, sulfides, selenides and phosphates in recent years is summarized and prospected.","PeriodicalId":502380,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Engineering Technology Research","volume":"79 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139270989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-15DOI: 10.56028/aetr.8.1.570.2023
Leyi Wang
Marine zooplankton have diel vertical migration behavior and play a key role in the transport of surface organic compounds to the deep ocean, which is of great significance in studying marine climate change. In this research, the manual visual interpretation method was used to preprocess the biological backscattering intensity data of acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) during the eighth Arctic expedition. Results showed that the extracted vertical migration trajectory was in good agreement with the variation of backscattering intensity data. The amount of zooplankton in the Arctic Ocean is significantly lower than that in the North Pacific and the North Atlantic, and sea ice cover has a significant effect on the diel vertical migration of zooplankton. Characteristics of zooplankton distribution in the North Atlantic Ocean were analyzed based on mathematical statistical methods. The results also prove that the backscattering intensity of -90dB can distinguish scattering layer and water, and that of -78dB can distinguish general scatters and zooplankton. There are two significant concentrations of zooplankton in the Atlantic Ocean which were located at the surface and at depths of 350-450 m, respectively.
{"title":"Study on diel migration of zooplankton in the Arctic surrounding seas during summer season based on mathematical statistics","authors":"Leyi Wang","doi":"10.56028/aetr.8.1.570.2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56028/aetr.8.1.570.2023","url":null,"abstract":"Marine zooplankton have diel vertical migration behavior and play a key role in the transport of surface organic compounds to the deep ocean, which is of great significance in studying marine climate change. In this research, the manual visual interpretation method was used to preprocess the biological backscattering intensity data of acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) during the eighth Arctic expedition. Results showed that the extracted vertical migration trajectory was in good agreement with the variation of backscattering intensity data. The amount of zooplankton in the Arctic Ocean is significantly lower than that in the North Pacific and the North Atlantic, and sea ice cover has a significant effect on the diel vertical migration of zooplankton. Characteristics of zooplankton distribution in the North Atlantic Ocean were analyzed based on mathematical statistical methods. The results also prove that the backscattering intensity of -90dB can distinguish scattering layer and water, and that of -78dB can distinguish general scatters and zooplankton. There are two significant concentrations of zooplankton in the Atlantic Ocean which were located at the surface and at depths of 350-450 m, respectively.","PeriodicalId":502380,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Engineering Technology Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139271640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-15DOI: 10.56028/aetr.8.1.683.2023
ZiHeng Guang
Because of the increasing temperature in front of turbine in aero-engine field, Ni-base single crystal alloys are of high demand, which achieve high strength at high temperature. Therefore, a variety of methods have been developed to detect or describe nickel-base single crystal alloys. This article will take stock of the alloy valve and the mainstream description of valve methods. This paper will describe the basic micro-mechanism of rafting. Then the channel width method, which is the most widely used method to describe the degree of rafting, is introduced. After that, the updated version of the channel width method, the method to describe the rate of rafting and the effect on its strength, and the related methods of image processing are described. It is hoped that this paper can help readers to have a preliminary understanding of the principle and mathematical description method of nickel-base alloy rafting. There are many branches of mathematical description, but the main ideas are very similar. It is hoped that the researchers concerned will be able to develop some mathematical models that require fewer measurement parameters but not reducing the overall accuracy of the measuremen.
{"title":"The micro-structure and mechanical performance of Nickel-based single crystal alloy","authors":"ZiHeng Guang","doi":"10.56028/aetr.8.1.683.2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56028/aetr.8.1.683.2023","url":null,"abstract":"Because of the increasing temperature in front of turbine in aero-engine field, Ni-base single crystal alloys are of high demand, which achieve high strength at high temperature. Therefore, a variety of methods have been developed to detect or describe nickel-base single crystal alloys. This article will take stock of the alloy valve and the mainstream description of valve methods. This paper will describe the basic micro-mechanism of rafting. Then the channel width method, which is the most widely used method to describe the degree of rafting, is introduced. After that, the updated version of the channel width method, the method to describe the rate of rafting and the effect on its strength, and the related methods of image processing are described. It is hoped that this paper can help readers to have a preliminary understanding of the principle and mathematical description method of nickel-base alloy rafting. There are many branches of mathematical description, but the main ideas are very similar. It is hoped that the researchers concerned will be able to develop some mathematical models that require fewer measurement parameters but not reducing the overall accuracy of the measuremen.","PeriodicalId":502380,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Engineering Technology Research","volume":"57 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139271884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-15DOI: 10.56028/aetr.8.1.645.2023
Ziyi Qiu, Weiying Li
It is very meaningful to realize color recognition and mechanical-electrical energy conversion in one material simultaneously, which is very essential in improving the equipment of border guards. However, simultaneously endowing one material with color regonition and mechanical-electrical energy conversion presents challenges because they result from different mechanism. Herein, a series of hyperbranched polymers, HP9, HP10, and HP11, were synthesized via the Michael addition reaction to solve the dilemma. Extensive hydrogen bonding was embedded into these hyperbranched polymers, so that the polymers exhibit good triboelectrification ability. The voltage output is about 347 V, the current output is about 2.8 μA, and the charge quantity is about 150 nC, respectively. Moreover, the polymers display excellent fluorescence under 365 nm ultraviolet light based on the mechanism of aggregation-induced emission (AIE). Furthermore, the thermodynamic behavior and mechanical properties of the hyperbranched polymers can be regulated by adjusting the content of the hard segments. The Young's modulus and strength gradually increase with the increase of the hard segment unit. The Young’s modulus, strength and toughness of HP10 are 3.72 MPa, 2.69 MPa and 19.55 MJ/m3, respectively. The combination of fluorescence and frictional electrification will have great application potential in the equipment of border guards.
{"title":"Synthesis of hydrogen-bond-enriched, fluorescent and triboelectric hyperbranched polymers via Michael addition reaction","authors":"Ziyi Qiu, Weiying Li","doi":"10.56028/aetr.8.1.645.2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56028/aetr.8.1.645.2023","url":null,"abstract":"It is very meaningful to realize color recognition and mechanical-electrical energy conversion in one material simultaneously, which is very essential in improving the equipment of border guards. However, simultaneously endowing one material with color regonition and mechanical-electrical energy conversion presents challenges because they result from different mechanism. Herein, a series of hyperbranched polymers, HP9, HP10, and HP11, were synthesized via the Michael addition reaction to solve the dilemma. Extensive hydrogen bonding was embedded into these hyperbranched polymers, so that the polymers exhibit good triboelectrification ability. The voltage output is about 347 V, the current output is about 2.8 μA, and the charge quantity is about 150 nC, respectively. Moreover, the polymers display excellent fluorescence under 365 nm ultraviolet light based on the mechanism of aggregation-induced emission (AIE). Furthermore, the thermodynamic behavior and mechanical properties of the hyperbranched polymers can be regulated by adjusting the content of the hard segments. The Young's modulus and strength gradually increase with the increase of the hard segment unit. The Young’s modulus, strength and toughness of HP10 are 3.72 MPa, 2.69 MPa and 19.55 MJ/m3, respectively. The combination of fluorescence and frictional electrification will have great application potential in the equipment of border guards.","PeriodicalId":502380,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Engineering Technology Research","volume":"7 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139273369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With the gradual improvement of environmental emission requirements in China, the graphite industry is facing environmental pressure from advanced treatment. This article first conducted a study on the current status of advanced treatment technology for fluorinated wastewater. Subsequently, a single defluorination agent experiment was conducted, and it was found that compared to several agents used in the experiment, such as PAC, PAFS, and CaCl2, PAC had the best defluorination effect. The optimization of PAC conditions showed that its optimal reaction pH was 7, and equilibrium could be achieved after 3 minutes of reaction. The study also conducted orthogonal experiments with mixed salts, and the best conditions for the combination of fluoride removal agents were found to be PAC adding 400 mg/L, CaCl2 adding 400 mg/L, PAFS adding 200 mg/L, which can remove fluoride to 0.92 mg/L, below 1 mg/L, meeting the Class III water standard in the " Environmental quality standards for surface water ".The SEM image of the sludge generated by the reaction between the composite fluoride removal agent and fluoride containing wastewater shows a larger particle size of up to 50 μm which is beneficial for the separation and removal of sludge. The generated sediment sludge is mainly composed of Al, Fe, Ca, O, and Si according to EDS results, and belongs to general industrial solid waste.
{"title":"Research on Advanced Treatment Technology of Fluorine Containing Wastewater from Graphite Production","authors":"Yanli Liu, Iyang Qiao, Xiang Ma, Zhilong Zhao, Fengbiao Liu, Shifu Shen","doi":"10.56028/aetr.8.1.638.2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56028/aetr.8.1.638.2023","url":null,"abstract":"With the gradual improvement of environmental emission requirements in China, the graphite industry is facing environmental pressure from advanced treatment. This article first conducted a study on the current status of advanced treatment technology for fluorinated wastewater. Subsequently, a single defluorination agent experiment was conducted, and it was found that compared to several agents used in the experiment, such as PAC, PAFS, and CaCl2, PAC had the best defluorination effect. The optimization of PAC conditions showed that its optimal reaction pH was 7, and equilibrium could be achieved after 3 minutes of reaction. The study also conducted orthogonal experiments with mixed salts, and the best conditions for the combination of fluoride removal agents were found to be PAC adding 400 mg/L, CaCl2 adding 400 mg/L, PAFS adding 200 mg/L, which can remove fluoride to 0.92 mg/L, below 1 mg/L, meeting the Class III water standard in the \" Environmental quality standards for surface water \".The SEM image of the sludge generated by the reaction between the composite fluoride removal agent and fluoride containing wastewater shows a larger particle size of up to 50 μm which is beneficial for the separation and removal of sludge. The generated sediment sludge is mainly composed of Al, Fe, Ca, O, and Si according to EDS results, and belongs to general industrial solid waste.","PeriodicalId":502380,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Engineering Technology Research","volume":"21 1-2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139271313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-15DOI: 10.56028/aetr.8.1.557.2023
Bidan Yin, Xingyu Chai
The article takes 11 species of birds in Hongshan District as the research object based on the bird observation data 2020 and then identifies the spatial distribution of their habitats through the MaxEnt model. According to the results, we analyze the distribution characteristics and problems of bird habitats in Hongshan District and finally put forward the optimization suggestions according to the cohort groups. We conclude that water habitats and urban forest parks have higher suitability for bird spatial distribution and that the influence of various environmental factors on different types of birds is somewhat different. Based on the data analysis results, we provide references for the conservation of bird diversity and habitat restoration in Hongshan District: (1) Control the area of construction land and the number of high-rise buildings to make room for bird migration, enhance gene exchange among birds in different patches, and enrich species diversity. (2) Increase the number of bird migration “stations” between long-distance habitat patches to provide resting points for birds during long-distance migration. (3) Increase the number of bird migration "stations" between long-distance habitat patches to provide resting points for birds in the urban forest park. (4) Adopt tree-shrub-grass planting to provide more living space for birds. (5) Reserve a green corridor around urban roads and water systems to reduce the impact of urban roads on the distribution pattern of bird suitability.
{"title":"Habitat Suitability Evaluation and Environmental Factor Identification for Spatial Distribution of Urban Birds: A Case Study of Hongshan District, Wuhan City, China","authors":"Bidan Yin, Xingyu Chai","doi":"10.56028/aetr.8.1.557.2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56028/aetr.8.1.557.2023","url":null,"abstract":"The article takes 11 species of birds in Hongshan District as the research object based on the bird observation data 2020 and then identifies the spatial distribution of their habitats through the MaxEnt model. According to the results, we analyze the distribution characteristics and problems of bird habitats in Hongshan District and finally put forward the optimization suggestions according to the cohort groups. We conclude that water habitats and urban forest parks have higher suitability for bird spatial distribution and that the influence of various environmental factors on different types of birds is somewhat different. Based on the data analysis results, we provide references for the conservation of bird diversity and habitat restoration in Hongshan District: (1) Control the area of construction land and the number of high-rise buildings to make room for bird migration, enhance gene exchange among birds in different patches, and enrich species diversity. (2) Increase the number of bird migration “stations” between long-distance habitat patches to provide resting points for birds during long-distance migration. (3) Increase the number of bird migration \"stations\" between long-distance habitat patches to provide resting points for birds in the urban forest park. (4) Adopt tree-shrub-grass planting to provide more living space for birds. (5) Reserve a green corridor around urban roads and water systems to reduce the impact of urban roads on the distribution pattern of bird suitability.","PeriodicalId":502380,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Engineering Technology Research","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139275502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-15DOI: 10.56028/aetr.8.1.510.2023
Yihan Xu
More and more attention has been paid to dust removal by Mist Cannon Trucks (MCT). It is necessary to study the effect and influencing factors of dust removal by MCT. This study discusses the effectiveness and hazards of using MCT to reduce airborne dust by conducting lead testing, color identification, pH testing, and chlorine testing on collected samples. The results show that dust can be significantly reduced by MCT, and the effect of fog cannon decreases with the increase of distance. The MCT is currently safe for pedestrians because it has very few corrosive and toxic substances, and the lead content is also very low, which is below the safe value. At the same time, the sprayed water captured a lot of dust compared to the water in the tank. The main harm to the human body is the excessive lead content in water..
{"title":"The Effects of Mist Cannon Trucks on Human Health and Reducing Dust","authors":"Yihan Xu","doi":"10.56028/aetr.8.1.510.2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56028/aetr.8.1.510.2023","url":null,"abstract":"More and more attention has been paid to dust removal by Mist Cannon Trucks (MCT). It is necessary to study the effect and influencing factors of dust removal by MCT. This study discusses the effectiveness and hazards of using MCT to reduce airborne dust by conducting lead testing, color identification, pH testing, and chlorine testing on collected samples. The results show that dust can be significantly reduced by MCT, and the effect of fog cannon decreases with the increase of distance. The MCT is currently safe for pedestrians because it has very few corrosive and toxic substances, and the lead content is also very low, which is below the safe value. At the same time, the sprayed water captured a lot of dust compared to the water in the tank. The main harm to the human body is the excessive lead content in water..","PeriodicalId":502380,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Engineering Technology Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139273993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-15DOI: 10.56028/aetr.8.1.664.2023
Chenlin Fang, Siyuan Wang
The phenomenon of dumpling drift was discovered during a cooking process, which triggered our thinking of the continental drift. After refining the existing common problems, an experiment on the thermal convection interaction between the floating heat insulation plates and the bottoms is designed. Through controlling variables, this paper investigates the floating patterns of floating insulation plates of different sizes on a thermally convective surface and the principles behind them. The findings show that the appropriate sizing of a floating plate can result in the manifestation of cyclic reciprocating movement on the water’s surface. The periodic movement observed in this phenomenon can be attributed to the obstruction of heat exchange between the water surface and the surrounding air by the floating plate. Consequently, alterations in the direction of water flow induce corresponding shifts in water temperature, which subsequently affect the movement direction of the floating plate. The final outcome is characterized by a periodic reciprocal movement of the floating plate as it interacts with the heat convection occurring at the bottom. Floating plates that are either undersized or oversized would remain stationary without exhibiting any cyclic drift. The decrease in water depth leads to a diminished thermal drive, thereby amplifying the cyclical nature of the motion shown by the floating plate. The above findings indicate that the dimensions of the continental plates present on the Earth's surface have an impact on both the velocity and duration of their movement. The observation that a plate that is too small stagnates on top of a subduction current, while a plate that is too large stagnates on top of an upwelling current, suggests that the smaller continent of New Zealand is likely to experience a decrease in elevation due to its location above a subduction current. Conversely, the larger continent of Africa is expected to undergo uplift and attain a higher elevation as a result of its position above an upwelling current.
{"title":"The Coupling Effects Between Floating Insulation Plates and the Thermal Convection in their Bottoms---- An Understanding of Continental Drift","authors":"Chenlin Fang, Siyuan Wang","doi":"10.56028/aetr.8.1.664.2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56028/aetr.8.1.664.2023","url":null,"abstract":"The phenomenon of dumpling drift was discovered during a cooking process, which triggered our thinking of the continental drift. After refining the existing common problems, an experiment on the thermal convection interaction between the floating heat insulation plates and the bottoms is designed. Through controlling variables, this paper investigates the floating patterns of floating insulation plates of different sizes on a thermally convective surface and the principles behind them. The findings show that the appropriate sizing of a floating plate can result in the manifestation of cyclic reciprocating movement on the water’s surface. The periodic movement observed in this phenomenon can be attributed to the obstruction of heat exchange between the water surface and the surrounding air by the floating plate. Consequently, alterations in the direction of water flow induce corresponding shifts in water temperature, which subsequently affect the movement direction of the floating plate. The final outcome is characterized by a periodic reciprocal movement of the floating plate as it interacts with the heat convection occurring at the bottom. Floating plates that are either undersized or oversized would remain stationary without exhibiting any cyclic drift. The decrease in water depth leads to a diminished thermal drive, thereby amplifying the cyclical nature of the motion shown by the floating plate. The above findings indicate that the dimensions of the continental plates present on the Earth's surface have an impact on both the velocity and duration of their movement. The observation that a plate that is too small stagnates on top of a subduction current, while a plate that is too large stagnates on top of an upwelling current, suggests that the smaller continent of New Zealand is likely to experience a decrease in elevation due to its location above a subduction current. Conversely, the larger continent of Africa is expected to undergo uplift and attain a higher elevation as a result of its position above an upwelling current.","PeriodicalId":502380,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Engineering Technology Research","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139272266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-15DOI: 10.56028/aetr.8.1.655.2023
Yanran Zhu
The development of high-strength ionogels is of great significance for high-performance flexible sensing and soft robots. However, the introduction of ionic liquids will cause a decrease in the modulus and strength of ionogels and can cause unnecessary leakage problems. This poses a challenge for designing high-strength ionogels. In this work, based on the design concept of click chemistry, a modular polymer is constructed. The polymer self-assembled a phase-separated microstructure between soft phase and hard phase, exhibiting an ionic liquid-free, flexible, high-strength characteristic. By adjusting the molar ratio of the hard segment and the soft segment, it endows ionogels with various mechanical properties. When the content of hard segment increases from 5mol% to 20mol%, the Young’s modulus of the ionogel increases from 4.37 MPa, 25.17 MPa to 129.94 MPa, the strength increases from 4.34 MPa, 9.67 MPa to 18.39 MPa, and the elongation at break decreases from 1129%, 1063% to 797%, respectively. Meanwhile, the supramolecular ionogel shows good stress-sensing ability and stability, which has promoted the development of high-performance flexible sensing and soft robots.
{"title":"High-performance supramolecular ionogel synthesized via click chemistry","authors":"Yanran Zhu","doi":"10.56028/aetr.8.1.655.2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56028/aetr.8.1.655.2023","url":null,"abstract":"The development of high-strength ionogels is of great significance for high-performance flexible sensing and soft robots. However, the introduction of ionic liquids will cause a decrease in the modulus and strength of ionogels and can cause unnecessary leakage problems. This poses a challenge for designing high-strength ionogels. In this work, based on the design concept of click chemistry, a modular polymer is constructed. The polymer self-assembled a phase-separated microstructure between soft phase and hard phase, exhibiting an ionic liquid-free, flexible, high-strength characteristic. By adjusting the molar ratio of the hard segment and the soft segment, it endows ionogels with various mechanical properties. When the content of hard segment increases from 5mol% to 20mol%, the Young’s modulus of the ionogel increases from 4.37 MPa, 25.17 MPa to 129.94 MPa, the strength increases from 4.34 MPa, 9.67 MPa to 18.39 MPa, and the elongation at break decreases from 1129%, 1063% to 797%, respectively. Meanwhile, the supramolecular ionogel shows good stress-sensing ability and stability, which has promoted the development of high-performance flexible sensing and soft robots.","PeriodicalId":502380,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Engineering Technology Research","volume":"12 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139274218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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