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Black cultural intermediaries: Difference, neoliberalism and the negotiation of Black cultural value 黑人文化中介:差异、新自由主义和黑人文化价值的协商
Pub Date : 2024-02-06 DOI: 10.1177/13675494231221659
Clive Nwonka
In recent years, the UK screen industries have exhibited a renewed interest in racial difference that can be understood as the outcome of policy interventions into the unequal labour practices within film production and film culture. This has emerged with new modes of Black cultural visibility that have accompanied the increased presence of mainstream, publicly funded feature films. Here, the increasing body of Black filmic practitioners who have now occupied the creative status of writer-director is an outcome of not just the expanded and strategic racial equality agenda within the UK film industry, nor the intrinsic need to extend the representation of Black identities and related themes and characterisations within the screen industrial landscape. In identifying a conjunctural shift in Black cultural politics and the production of Blackness as a cultural value through film as a linear social and political phenomenon that has produced a heightened moment of cultural visibility, this article identifies how the presence of industrial actors as creative practice within Black film production and presentation has inaugurated a glacial but no less significant period of industrial reconfiguration and subsequently, new forms of cultural meaning being ascribed to the cultural image of the Black writer-director. As Black Britishness comes into a greater industrial visibility in the film sector, its entanglements with neoliberalist logics of the marketed individual frame the Black cultural intermediary as the inevitable outcome of Black cultural identity’s continued trajectory into the popular.
近年来,英国银幕产业对种族差异表现出了新的兴趣,这可以理解为对电影制作和电影文化中不平等劳动实践进行政策干预的结果。伴随着主流、公共资助故事片的增加,黑人文化的能见度也出现了新的模式。在这里,越来越多的黑人电影从业者现在已经占据了编剧-导演的创作地位,这不仅是英国电影业内种族平等议程扩大和战略化的结果,也是在银幕工业景观中扩大黑人身份及相关主题和角色表现的内在需要。本文指出了黑人文化政治的转变,以及黑人作为一种文化价值通过电影这一线性的社会和政治现象而产生,从而提高了文化能见度,并指出了工业演员作为创作实践在黑人电影制作和呈现中的存在,是如何开启了一个冰川期但同样重要的工业重组时期,以及随后赋予黑人编剧-导演文化形象的新的文化意义形式。随着英国黑人在电影领域的产业化程度越来越高,其与市场化个人的新自由主义逻辑之间的纠葛,将黑人文化中介定格为黑人文化身份不断走向大众化的必然结果。
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引用次数: 0
Queer occultism, sentimental biopower, and becoming ‘bottoms’ as a means to divest from white supremacy among practitioners of magic in Montréal 同性恋神秘主义、多愁善感的生物力量,以及成为 "底层",作为蒙特利尔魔术从业者摆脱白人至上主义的一种手段
Pub Date : 2024-02-04 DOI: 10.1177/13675494231225659
Sydney Sheedy
Astrology, magic, and other psychic healing practices are undergoing a cultural revival, notably among those on the Left who employ it as a language for social justice. Queer practitioners have claimed kinship with the occult through a perceived shared abjection, deeming it an inherently queer resource for self- and community empowerment, and naming anti-racism and decolonization key aims of their work. At the same time, these forms of occultism draw suspicion, not least among practitioners themselves, who are critical of the ways these knowledge traditions have been complicit in ‘spiritual genocide’. Drawing from ethnographic fieldwork with 30 informants in Montréal in 2022, I investigate the occult’s appeal among queer people as a process of affective expansion, wherein practitioners attune to heretofore repressed lifeways, knowledges and worlds that machineries of empire have rendered invisible. If contemporary occult movements represent a turning towards putatively repressed modalities that may rival those which we have otherwise inherited, queer informants claim a special relationship to these objects through a framework of sensitivity that magic allows them to workshop. Theorizing the occult as a biopolitical affect regime, I argue that informants ironically invest in historically racialized language of impressibility as indexes of social health at the same time that they locate queerness, rather than whiteness, as a conduit for that affective expansion. I argue that white informants demonstrate a particular anxiety about how to learn to become open to this otherwise, positing ‘bottoming’ as a spiritual and political imperative to become receptive to forms of accountability, reparations and solidarity. How does the occult represent an attempt to build capacity for receptivity among participants, and how do they link this capacity to the healing of white supremacy and decolonization?
占星术、魔法和其他通灵疗法正在经历一场文化复兴,尤其是在那些将其作为社会正义语言的左翼人士中间。同性恋实践者通过共同的排斥感宣称自己与神秘主义有亲缘关系,认为神秘主义是一种固有的同性恋资源,可以增强自我和社区的能力,并将反种族主义和非殖民化作为其工作的主要目标。与此同时,这些形式的神秘主义也招致了怀疑,尤其是神秘主义实践者本身,他们对这些知识传统参与 "精神种族灭绝 "的方式持批评态度。根据 2022 年在蒙特利尔对 30 名受访者进行的人种学实地调查,我将神秘学对同性恋者的吸引力视为一种情感扩张的过程,在这一过程中,实践者与帝国机器使之隐形的、迄今被压抑的生活方式、知识和世界相契合。如果说当代神秘学运动代表着一种转向被压抑的模式的趋势,这种趋势可能会与我们继承的模式相媲美,那么同性恋信息提供者则通过一种敏感性框架与这些对象建立了一种特殊的关系,而魔法则允许他们进行研讨。我将神秘学理论化为一种生物政治情感机制,我认为告密者具有讽刺意味地将历史上种族化的可印象性语言作为社会健康的指标,与此同时,他们将同性恋而非白人定位为情感扩展的渠道。我认为,白人信息提供者表现出一种特殊的焦虑,他们不知道如何学会向这种情况开放,他们将 "触底 "视为一种精神和政治需要,以便接受问责、赔偿和团结的形式。神秘学是如何在参与者中培养接受能力的,他们又是如何将这种能力与治愈白人至上主义和非殖民化联系起来的?
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引用次数: 0
Queer occultism, sentimental biopower, and becoming ‘bottoms’ as a means to divest from white supremacy among practitioners of magic in Montréal 同性恋神秘主义、多愁善感的生物力量,以及成为 "底层",作为蒙特利尔魔术从业者摆脱白人至上主义的一种手段
Pub Date : 2024-02-04 DOI: 10.1177/13675494231225659
Sydney Sheedy
Astrology, magic, and other psychic healing practices are undergoing a cultural revival, notably among those on the Left who employ it as a language for social justice. Queer practitioners have claimed kinship with the occult through a perceived shared abjection, deeming it an inherently queer resource for self- and community empowerment, and naming anti-racism and decolonization key aims of their work. At the same time, these forms of occultism draw suspicion, not least among practitioners themselves, who are critical of the ways these knowledge traditions have been complicit in ‘spiritual genocide’. Drawing from ethnographic fieldwork with 30 informants in Montréal in 2022, I investigate the occult’s appeal among queer people as a process of affective expansion, wherein practitioners attune to heretofore repressed lifeways, knowledges and worlds that machineries of empire have rendered invisible. If contemporary occult movements represent a turning towards putatively repressed modalities that may rival those which we have otherwise inherited, queer informants claim a special relationship to these objects through a framework of sensitivity that magic allows them to workshop. Theorizing the occult as a biopolitical affect regime, I argue that informants ironically invest in historically racialized language of impressibility as indexes of social health at the same time that they locate queerness, rather than whiteness, as a conduit for that affective expansion. I argue that white informants demonstrate a particular anxiety about how to learn to become open to this otherwise, positing ‘bottoming’ as a spiritual and political imperative to become receptive to forms of accountability, reparations and solidarity. How does the occult represent an attempt to build capacity for receptivity among participants, and how do they link this capacity to the healing of white supremacy and decolonization?
占星术、魔法和其他通灵疗法正在经历一场文化复兴,尤其是在那些将其作为社会正义语言的左翼人士中间。同性恋实践者通过共同的排斥感宣称自己与神秘主义有亲缘关系,认为神秘主义是一种固有的同性恋资源,可以增强自我和社区的能力,并将反种族主义和非殖民化作为其工作的主要目标。与此同时,这些形式的神秘主义也招致了怀疑,尤其是神秘主义实践者本身,他们对这些知识传统参与 "精神种族灭绝 "的方式持批评态度。根据 2022 年在蒙特利尔对 30 名受访者进行的人种学实地调查,我将神秘学对同性恋者的吸引力视为一种情感扩张的过程,在这一过程中,实践者与帝国机器使之隐形的、迄今被压抑的生活方式、知识和世界相契合。如果说当代神秘学运动代表着一种转向被压抑的模式的趋势,这种趋势可能会与我们继承的模式相媲美,那么同性恋信息提供者则通过一种敏感性框架与这些对象建立了一种特殊的关系,而魔法则允许他们进行研讨。我将神秘学理论化为一种生物政治情感机制,我认为告密者具有讽刺意味地将历史上种族化的可印象性语言作为社会健康的指标,与此同时,他们将同性恋而非白人定位为情感扩展的渠道。我认为,白人信息提供者表现出一种特殊的焦虑,他们不知道如何学会向这种情况开放,他们将 "触底 "视为一种精神和政治需要,以便接受问责、赔偿和团结的形式。神秘学是如何在参与者中培养接受能力的,他们又是如何将这种能力与治愈白人至上主义和非殖民化联系起来的?
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引用次数: 0
A pub for England: Race and class in the time of the nation 英格兰的酒吧民族时代的种族与阶级
Pub Date : 2024-01-31 DOI: 10.1177/13675494231225742
Amit Singh, Sivamohan Valluvan, James Kneale
The pub is often romanticised as a site of idyllic English ‘working-class’ sociability that is now under threat. Such melancholic invocations of the pub’s plight are invoked amid the wider resurgence of a racialised English nationalism that makes particularly effective claims to a ‘white working-class’ and their putatively ‘left-behind’ anguish. This article challenges such dominant accounts, juxtaposing such racially defensive readings of the working-class pub against the otherwise overlooked phenomenon of England’s ‘desi pubs’ (Indian-run pubs) through recourse to David Jesudason’s Desi Pubs as well as drawing upon the accounts of the founder of Glassy Junction, a historic desi pub in Southall. Importantly, this overdue engagement of ‘desi pubs’ is considered not through frameworks of race and nation alone but also within conjunctural webs of capitalist stratification and subjectivity. Ultimately, we argue that attentiveness to desi pubs helps draw out convivial modalities of working-class sociability that exist outside of both otherwise ascendant racial and nationalist grievance frames and the sanitised but also prohibitive consumerist webs of aspirational distinction and individualism.
酒馆常常被浪漫化为英国 "工人阶级 "田园诗般的社交场所,但现在却受到了威胁。在种族化的英国民族主义重新抬头的大背景下,这种对酒馆困境的忧伤咏叹被引用,这种民族主义对 "白人工人阶级 "及其所谓的 "留守 "苦恼的诉求尤为有效。本文对这种主流观点提出了挑战,通过引用戴维-杰苏达松(David Jesudason)的《印度人经营的酒吧》(Desi Pubs)一书,并借鉴索索尔(Southall)历史悠久的印度人酒吧 Glassy Junction 创始人的叙述,将这种对工人阶级酒吧的种族防御性解读与英格兰 "印度人经营的酒吧"(desi pubs)这一被忽视的现象并列起来。重要的是,这种对 "德西酒吧 "早该进行的探讨不是仅仅通过种族和民族的框架,而是在资本主义分层和主观性的结合网络中进行的。最终,我们认为,关注 "德西酒吧 "有助于引出工人阶级的社交方式,这种社交方式既存在于种族和民族主义的怨愤框架之外,也存在于追求与众不同和个人主义的消费主义网络之外。
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引用次数: 0
The emergence and undermining of sex worker-led freelance feminism 性工作者主导的自由女权主义的出现和削弱
Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.1177/13675494231218407
Jessica Simpson
Using one sex worker-led collective as a case example, this paper explores how feminism, precarious work and entrepreneurialism coexist together in contradictory ways. I begin by highlighting how freelance work within UK strip clubs creates precarity and hostile work environments for sex workers when coupled with exploitative managerial practices; however, when similar, equally precarious gig work and promotional activities are combined with sex worker-led collectivist practices, they can instead be used to advance feminist politics. The paper then shifts to a discussion of how the transformative potential of the sex worker collective and their efforts to fight for labour rights and safer working conditions are continually and violently undermined by the feminism of those outside the stripping industry and with access to more privilege, power, and resources. While there are many different feminisms, the article ends by arguing for the ongoing need to seek some reconciliation within the movement to ensure that the voices and concerns of those most marginalised remain at the centre of politics and action.
本文以一个性工作者领导的集体为例,探讨了女权主义、不稳定工作和创业精神如何以矛盾的方式共存。首先,我强调了英国脱衣舞俱乐部中的自由职业与剥削性的管理实践相结合,如何为性工作者创造了不稳定和敌对的工作环境;然而,当类似的、同样不稳定的演出工作和促销活动与性工作者领导的集体主义实践相结合时,它们反而可以用来推进女权主义政治。随后,本文转而讨论性工作者集体的变革潜力以及她们为争取劳工权利和更安全的工作条件所做的努力,是如何被那些脱衣舞行业以外的、拥有更多特权、权力和资源的人的女权主义不断地、粗暴地破坏的。虽然有许多不同的女权主义,但文章最后认为,仍有必要在运动中寻求某种和解,以确保那些最边缘化群体的声音和关切始终处于政治和行动的中心。
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引用次数: 0
The female entrepreneur: Fragments of a genealogy 女企业家家谱碎片
Pub Date : 2024-01-29 DOI: 10.1177/13675494231224589
Jo Littler
This short article, based on a lecture, offers fragments for a genealogy of female entrepreneurship in the Global North. It argues that in business and management books and social texts, the entrepreneur has historically been overwhelmingly figured as male – as ‘entrepreneurial man’. Yet, over the past few decades, encouraged by both gender mainstreaming and neoliberal feminism, the symbolic locus of entrepreneurialism in popular culture has increasingly gravitated towards women. It shows how we might trace a mediatised evolution of female entrepreneurialism and its ideologies: from tragic 1950s entrepreneurial stars, through to the plucky shoulder-padded heroines of women’s magazines and films of the 1980s, through to the girlbosses, Instagram entrepreneurs and hustle culture of the present. What, it asks, is happening to the female entrepreneur in an era of neoliberal crisis? And what ‘left feminist’ alternatives to, or intersections with, this figure might be in our midst, or on the horizon?
这篇短文以一次演讲为基础,提供了全球北方女性创业谱系的片段。文章认为,在商业和管理书籍及社会文本中,创业者历来以男性--"创业者"--的形象出现。然而,在过去的几十年里,在性别主流化和新自由主义女权主义的推动下,大众文化中创业的符号定位越来越倾向于女性。该书展示了我们如何追溯女性创业精神及其意识形态的媒介化演变:从 20 世纪 50 年代悲情的创业明星,到 20 世纪 80 年代女性杂志和电影中勇敢的垫肩女英雄,再到现在的女老板、Instagram 创业者和喧嚣文化。该书问道,在新自由主义危机的时代,女性企业家发生了什么?在我们中间或地平线上,有哪些 "左翼女权主义 "可以替代这一人物,或与之产生交集?
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引用次数: 1
Reality offsets: Climate meets capitalism at the Olympic Games 现实抵消:奥林匹克运动会上的气候与资本主义
Pub Date : 2024-01-26 DOI: 10.1177/13675494231224398
Ben Glasson
In the era of undeniable climate crisis, investors too have become wary of corporate greenwashing. Far from heralding progress, this development appears to legitimise a collective greenwashing project better described as corporate environmentalism. Through this meta-greenwashing, corporations as a bloc are exploiting their communicative platforms to renarrate climate crisis into climate opportunity, positioning the corporation as an indispensable agent of overcoming the crisis. From one perspective, the entry of big capital into climate discourse promises to overcome the contradiction between endless growth and a finite planet. Yet, from another, it merely sustains the contradiction, fuelled by unjustified hope. This article critiques corporate environmentalism through the example of the Olympic Games. As the world’s largest media event that fuses half the population by technology while producing vast carbon emissions, the Games has in recent decades countered environmental critique through policies and discourses exemplary of corporate environmentalism. Analysing Olympic sustainability discourse shows how it sustains the double reality of climate crisis and capitalism by conjuring a seductive vision of a future of sustainability – a vision that floats free of present-day unsustainability in the same way net-zero targets rely on leaps of faith and undeveloped technologies. The examples analysed show how a new grammar of ‘future perfect sustainability’ offsets environmental concerns by rendering the present in light of a hoped-for future sustainability, just as it pushes sustainability ever farther away.
在不可否认的气候危机时代,投资者也开始警惕企业的绿色营销。这一事态发展非但没有预示着进步,反而似乎使一种更适合称为企业环保主义的集体 "洗绿 "项目合法化。通过这种 "元洗绿",企业作为一个集团正在利用其传播平台,将气候危机重新描述为气候机遇,将企业定位为克服危机不可或缺的力量。从某种角度看,大资本进入气候问题的讨论有望克服无休止的增长与有限的地球之间的矛盾。然而,从另一个角度看,它只是在不合理的希望的助推下维持了这一矛盾。本文以奥运会为例,对企业环保主义进行了批判。作为世界上最大的媒体活动,奥林匹克运动会通过技术融合了一半的人口,同时产生了大量的碳排放,近几十年来,奥林匹克运动会通过堪称企业环保主义典范的政策和话语来反驳环境批判。对奥林匹克可持续发展话语的分析表明,它是如何通过勾勒未来可持续发展的诱人愿景来维持气候危机和资本主义的双重现实的--这种愿景摆脱了当今的不可持续性,就像净零排放目标依赖于信念的飞跃和未开发的技术一样。所分析的例子显示了 "未来完美可持续性 "的新语法是如何通过根据对未来可持续性的期望来描述现在,从而抵消对环境的担忧,同时将可持续性推得越来越远。
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引用次数: 0
Marginalized disappearances: Shaping the power relations of the search for the missing 被边缘化的失踪:塑造寻找失踪者的权力关系
Pub Date : 2024-01-22 DOI: 10.1177/13675494231221210
Anna Matyska
Every year, tens of thousands of people go missing in Europe and across the globe, leaving the families of these individuals in the anguish of the unknown. Yet only some missing gain media attention, with others remaining the ‘missing missing’, and this contributes to a definition of who is, and who is not, worthy of being searched for. This article focuses on the Polish television programme Ktokolwiek widział, ktokolwiek wie ( Has anybody seen, does anybody know), which for the last three decades has been helping to establish a more egalitarian politics of the visibility of, and the search for, the missing in Poland, going against the grain of the mass media’s tendency to ‘symbolically annihilate’ those with less power in society. I explore how the programme supports the search for the marginalized missing, that is, those who have led precarious lives on the socio-spatial margins of Polish society, people who, to utilize Gatti’s term, were ‘socially disappeared’ before they went physically missing. I show how the programme utilizes its power of mediation to articulate disappearances of the marginalized missing and mobilizes institutions and the public to help in finding them.
每年都有数以万计的人在欧洲和全球各地失踪,让这些人的家人陷入未知的痛苦之中。然而,只有部分失踪者得到了媒体的关注,而其他失踪者仍然是 "失踪的失踪者",这有助于界定谁是值得寻找的人,谁是不值得寻找的人。在过去的三十年里,该节目一直在帮助波兰建立一种更加平等的失踪者可见性和搜寻政治,与大众媒体 "象征性地消灭 "社会中权力较小的人的倾向背道而驰。我将探讨该节目如何支持寻找边缘化的失踪者,即那些在波兰社会空间边缘过着不稳定生活的人,用加蒂的话说,他们在实际失踪之前就已经 "社会失踪 "了。我将展示该节目如何利用其中介力量来阐述边缘化失踪者的失踪问题,并动员机构和公众帮助寻找他们。
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引用次数: 0
Book review: Laura Clancy, Running the Family Firm: How the Monarchy Manages its Image and our Money 书评:劳拉-克兰西:《经营家族企业》:君主如何管理自己的形象和我们的金钱
Pub Date : 2024-01-20 DOI: 10.1177/13675494231226305
Hanna Kuusela
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引用次数: 0
Book review: Susan Liddy, Women, Ageing and the Screen Industries: Falling off a Cliff? 书评:苏珊-利迪,《妇女、老龄化与屏幕产业》:掉下悬崖?
Pub Date : 2024-01-20 DOI: 10.1177/13675494231226306
Josephine Dolan
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引用次数: 0
期刊
European Journal of Cultural Studies
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