Journal of Cancer Education最新文献

This article described an exchange program in Kenya, organized by the International Federation of Medical Students Associations at the University of Nairobi. The author, motivated by parallels between Kenya and Brazil, engaged with hematologic, pain management, and palliative care departments at Kenyatta National Hospital. Despite the global advancements in bone marrow transplant (BMT) procedures, Kenya has only recently begun to offer this treatment, with the first transplant occurring in 2022 at a private facility. The high cost of BMT, ranging from $20,000 to $30,000, limits access for most Kenyans, prompting wealthier patients to seek treatment abroad. The article highlights alarming cancer mortality rates in Kenya, exacerbated by disparities in healthcare access compared to Brazil's universal healthcare system. With a significant proportion of pediatric cancers being hematologic, the need for accessible BMT is urgent. The exchange program provided the author with insights into global oncologic health disparities and emphasized the necessity of improving medical training, increasing hospital resources, and securing support to enhance BMT access in Kenya and West Africa.

This study aims to explore the effects of problem-based learning (PBL) and prescription-based preoperative talk (PPT) teaching methods in the teaching of tumors in cerebellopontine angle (CPA) of clinical neurosurgery residents.One hundred-thirty neurosurgery residents working in Qilu Hospital of Shandong University from September 2021 to June 2024 were randomly divided into two groups. The experimental group adopted the combination of PBL and PPT, referred to as PPP. In contrast, the control group simply learned the material on their own. The effectiveness of the teaching methods was then assessed using theory test scores and customized questionnaires. Compared with the control group, the test scores of the experimental group were significantly improved (P = 0.005). In addition, the test score of the experimental group was still higher than that of the control group 1 month after the course (P = 0.033). The satisfaction questionnaire of PPP teaching method showed that the experimental group had higher satisfaction in 6 aspects of stimulating an interest, enhancing students' self-learning abilities, mastery of basic and anatomical knowledge, analytical and problem-solving skills, help for clinical thinking, and doctor-patient communication skills. In the teaching of cerebellopontine angle tumors, the PPP teaching method can provide a unique experiential learning opportunity for neurosurgery residents, improve theoretical test scores, and promote self-evaluation and satisfaction. In addition, this method can enhance neurosurgical residents' understanding of tumor diseases in the CPA region. Therefore, it helps to improve the overall teaching effectiveness.

In China, the drug treatment of many cancer pain patients is obviously affected by people's lack of knowledge and confidence, and cancer pain symptoms fail to be effectively controlled. This retrospective case-control study explored the effect of application of structured education management in standardized treatment of cancer pain. Eligible cancer pain patients from June 2022 to April 2023 were selected as the control group. The intervention group was selected from May 2023 to December 2023. Control group received analgesic treatment according to three-step analgesia method, the intervention group received structured cancer pain education intervention on the basis of the treatment for control group. The level of pain control disorders, total effective rate of pain relief and the frequency of pain outbreak, equivalent morphine consumption, and incidence of adverse events were compared between the two groups at enrollment and 2 weeks after. After treatment, the pain control disorder scores and NRS scores in the two groups were lower than that before treatment, and intervention group were lower than that in control group. The total effective rate of pain relief in intervention group was higher than that in control group. The total equivalent morphine dosage in the intervention group was lower than that in the control group. The incidence of constipation, nausea, vomiting, and fatigue in the intervention group was significantly lower than that in the control group, but there was no significant difference in the incidence of rash. Clinical pharmacist-led structured education can significantly improve therapeutic effect on cancer pain and reduce the adverse reactions.

Insomnia is a prevalent and distressing symptom among cancer patients, adversely impacting quality of life (QOL). Factors such as treatment-related side effects, diagnosis-related stress, and coexisting conditions, including anxiety and depression, often exacerbate insomnia. In Oman, the prevalence and contributing factors of insomnia in cancer patients remain underexplored. Additionally, despite the well-documented impact of insomnia on cancer prognosis, sleep education remains an underutilized component of oncology care. This study is aimed at determining the prevalence of insomnia among Omani cancer patients receiving chemotherapy and at identifying associated factors, emphasizing the need for structured sleep education as an essential part of cancer supportive care. A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2022 to March 2023 at the Sultan Qaboos Comprehensive Cancer Care and Research Centre in Muscat, Oman. Adult Omani cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy during the study period were recruited. Data were collected using Arabic versions of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Edmonton Symptom Assessment System-Revised (ESAS-r). A total of 211 patients participated (response rate 85.1%). Most were female (65.9%), married (83.9%), and had stage IV cancer (55.0%). The mean age was 49.6 ± 11.7 years (range 19-81 years). Symptom burden, ranging from mild to severe, was reported by 30.8% of patients based on ESAS-r scores. Insomnia (PSQI score > 5) was identified in 55.0% of participants, with 34.1% reporting sleep disturbances after their diagnosis but prior to the initiation of chemotherapy. Insomnia was associated with pre-diagnosis sleeping problems (odds ratio (OR) = 3.04, p = 0.009), post-diagnosis but pre-chemotherapy sleep problems (OR = 7.34, p < 0.001), a history of smoking (OR = 4.00, p = 0.043), and symptom burden (OR = 3.78, p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that post-diagnosis/pre-chemotherapy sleep disturbances (OR = 4.09, p = 0.002) and symptom burden (OR = 3.02, p = 0.008) significantly increased the likelihood of insomnia. Insomnia is highly prevalent among Omani cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, driven by high symptom burden and pre-existing sleep disturbances. Routine sleep assessments should be integrated into oncology care to identify at-risk patients and facilitate early intervention, ultimately improving sleep quality and enhancing QOL. Integrating structured sleep education into oncology training is crucial for effective cancer care. Approaches like CBT-I, digital tools, and hospital workshops equip providers and patients to manage sleep disturbances. Interprofessional education (IPE) boosts provider confidence, enhancing patient outcomes. Future efforts should focus on culturally tailored, evidence-based programs to support symptom management, treatment adherence, and survivorship.

Cancer is a leading cause of death among Hispanic people in the USA. One potential reason is low adherence to cancer screening guidelines, particularly for colorectal cancer (CRC). Previous research suggests that low CRC screening may be linked to negative stereotypes associated with cancer and CRC screening methods. The purpose of this study was to examine explicit stereotype perceptions of CRC screening and diagnosis in the Hispanic community. Hispanic adults (n = 279) were asked to read three vignettes presenting a gender-neutral individual who was either diagnosed with CRC, completed colonoscopies for CRC screening, or was a control (no cancer information provided). Using the Stereotype Content Model approach, after reading each vignette, participants completed measures assessing explicit perceptions (warmth and competence) of the individual. Linear mixed-effects models were fitted to evaluate differences in perceptions between vignettes. The main effect indicated no significant difference in warmth or competence perceptions based on vignette condition (p = .78). However, there was a significant difference in explicit perceptions based on the study participant's Hispanic heritage, gender, and age (ps < .05). Findings emphasize differences in explicit perceptions of cancer and cancer screening based on important demographic characteristics. Thus, important implications include the need for cancer educational materials and interventions to consider the important heterogeneity within the Hispanic community. Future CRC screening interventions should be tailored based on Hispanic heritage, gender, and age.

Transurethral bladder tumor resection (TURBT) is the standard initial surgical procedure for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer and a core competency for urologists. Online surgical preparation increasingly relies on YouTube, but the educational quality of TURBT videos has not been systematically assessed. We performed a systematic YouTube search (March 1, 2025) using "transurethral resection of bladder tumor," "bladder tumor removal," and "TURBT." Standard-format procedure videos 2-30 min were included; nonprocedural, promotional, and Shorts content were excluded. Video characteristics, technical details, and source (academic vs. individual urologist) were recorded; all videos were independently reviewed by 2 urologists. Educational quality was evaluated using the Global Quality Score (GQS; 1-5) and a 12-item TURBT Checklist Score (TURBT-CS) covering perioperative elements. Thirty-six videos met criteria (10 academic [27.8%]). Half were 1080p and half had audio narration, but subtitles were uncommon (13.9%). Academic videos achieved higher GQS and TURBT-CS (p = 0.001) and greater engagement (views, likes; VPI p = 0.034) yet lower image-quality scores (p = 0.003); audio narration was more frequent (p = 0.003); no significant differences were seen in duration, upload time, subtitles, visual aids, energy source, or resection technique (all p > 0.05). GQS and TURBT-CS correlated positively with engagement metrics (all p < 0.05); interobserver agreement was excellent (ICC 0.857 TURBT-CS; 0.853 GQS; both p < 0.001). Educational quality of YouTube TURBT videos is heterogeneous; academically sourced content is generally superior and more engaging, though technical image quality may lag. Standardized, validated checklists and increased academic oversight could enhance the educational utility of open-access surgical videos.

Precision oncology in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) depends on biomarker testing and access to targeted therapies. However, disparities in testing and treatment highlight critical educational needs for patients, providers, and health systems. Using the NIH All of Us Research Program (2017-2022), we identified 287 patients with advanced NSCLC who received first-line carboplatin-based chemotherapy or targeted therapy. Social determinants of health (SDoH) including education, employment, retirement, and disability were evaluated as predictors of biomarker testing and targeted therapy receipt. Only 18% of patients had documented biomarker testing despite 45% minority representation in the All of Us cohort. Patients with any college education had significantly higher odds of receiving targeted therapy (OR 2.43, 95% CI 1.23-4.97), while retired patients were less likely to receive targeted therapy (OR 0.35, 95% CI 0.18-0.68). Disability was associated with increased biomarker testing (OR 2.82, 95% CI 1.19-6.51). Although TTD was longer for targeted therapies, incomplete biomarker documentation limited interpretation of outcomes. Findings underscore the need for enhanced cancer education strategies to improve biomarker literacy, guideline adherence, and equitable access to targeted therapy. Educational outreach should focus on retirees and patients with lower educational attainment, while provider training and system-level improvements are needed to strengthen precision oncology delivery.

As cancer incidence rises globally, there is a growing need for medical schools to engage students in oncology education and how social determinants of health (SDH) influence cancer risk, treatment, and outcomes. Integrating SDH into oncology curricula will prepare students to deliver equitable, patient-centered cancer care. At a U.S. medical school, a four-week pilot Oncology Summer Internship (OSI) was implemented in 2022 and 2023 for rising second-year medical students. In 2024, the OSI was revised to incorporate a stronger focus on SDH. This study used a mixed-methods approach to evaluate the impact of the SDH-focused OSI. Pre- and post-program survey data were collected from thirteen students, including five who participated in the SDH iteration of the internship. Participants rated understandings of oncology with a 5-point Likert scale. Students in the SDH internship were also asked to rate knowledge of SDH in cancer and describe socioeconomic challenges of cancer. Quantitative data was analyzed with Wilcoxon signed rank tests and qualitative data was coded and thematically analyzed. Quantitative analysis demonstrated increased understandings of the field of oncology, such as its training pathways (p = 0.001). Among participants of the SDH-focused program, responses related to SDH did not reveal any significant differences pre- and post-program. Upon qualitative analysis of descriptions of socioeconomic challenges, themes on the importance of SDH in cancer care and reference of SDH factors emerged. Responses revealed an increase in instances that participants mentioned a SDH (14 pre- vs. 22.5 post-survey). Overall, this pilot OSI enhanced students' understanding of oncology and offered deeper insight into the impact of SDH on cancer care.