Journal of Cancer Education最新文献

Non-traditional providers and healthcare settings (e.g., dental offices, pharmacies) provide an opportunity to increase human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine accessibility; however, they remain underutilized. The purpose of this study was to examine United States (U.S.) parents' perceptions of healthcare provider recommendations for the HPV vaccine and perceived convenience and likelihood of vaccination across healthcare settings. Parents' perceptions were assessed and compared according to the Transtheoretical Model stages of change (action: adolescent already vaccinated; preparation: intend-to-vaccinate; contemplation: unsure of intention). Parents of adolescents ages 11-12 from across the U.S. were recruited to participate in an online survey via Qualtrics that measured their perceptions of HPV vaccination by healthcare provider type and setting. The convenience and likelihood of vaccinating in different settings and the importance of provider recommendation were evaluated for those in the preparation and contemplations groups using one-way repeated measures ANOVAs. Participants across all stages of change were similar in their perceptions of vaccination across healthcare settings, rating family practice and pediatric offices as the most convenient and most likely settings for vaccination. Dental offices were perceived as the least convenient and least likely settings, and dental provider recommendations were rated as the least important. Among those in the contemplation stage, pharmacies were also rated lower in convenience and likelihood. There is a missed opportunity for HPV vaccination in non-traditional settings, including dental offices and pharmacies. Increasing education on HPV and availability of the vaccine in alternative settings can encourage vaccine uptake and move parents towards preparation and action.

Cancer remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide, requiring physicians to understand multidisciplinary treatments. This study assessed the impact of a clinical rotation in a cancer center on medical students' knowledge of cancer treatments from a multidisciplinary perspective. A traditional single-department rotation was compared to a multidisciplinary rotation to determine whether broader exposure enhances knowledge and prepares students for multidisciplinary care. This prospective, comparative study was conducted between April and September 2024 at Institut Godinot, a regional cancer center. Medical students were divided into two groups: Group A (traditional model), where students remained in a single department, and Group B (multidisciplinary model), where students rotated through pharmacy, medical oncology, nuclear medicine, radiology, radiotherapy, and surgery. Knowledge acquisition was assessed using a 20-item multiple-choice questionnaire before and after the rotation, with scores out of 20 representing oncology knowledge. Among the 40 students rotating during the inclusion period, 28 (70%) completed both pre- and post-rotation assessments and were included in the analysis. A total of 13 students were in Group A and 15 in Group B. Students in Group B showed greater improvement in post-rotation scores (14.4 ± 1.7 vs. 11.4 ± 4.2, p = 0.06). Group B also had a larger increase in their score (1.9 ± 1.9 points vs. - 0.9 ± 5.3 points, p = 0.07). Multidisciplinary rotations improved students' understanding of oncology, suggesting this model should be expanded and further evaluated for its long-term impact on clinical competency.

Chemotherapy-drug interactions (CDIs) pose significant challenges in oncology, affecting treatment efficacy and patient safety. Despite their importance, there is a lack of validated tools to assess oncologists' knowledge of CDIs. This study aimed to develop and validate a comprehensive questionnaire to address this gap and ensure the reliability and validity of the instrument. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 135 oncologists from various clinical roles in Iraq. The questionnaire included 46 general knowledge and 26 specific knowledge items, developed based on literature and expert consultation. Psychometric validation involved exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to assess structural validity. Reliability was evaluated through Cronbach's alpha, composite reliability (CR), and test-retest reliability using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Item Response Theory (IRT) analysis was applied to evaluate item-level performance. The EFA and CFA identified six distinct domains in the general knowledge section, with strong factor loadings for most items. Items addressing definitions, classifications, and risk factors demonstrated high loadings (e.g., "Severe chemotherapy-drug interactions often necessitate aggressive monitoring," EFA: 0.73, CFA: 0.78). Specific knowledge items also exhibited robust psychometric properties, with high discrimination indices (a > 1.5) and low guessing parameters. Reliability analysis indicated excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha > 0.8) and stability over time (ICC > 0.75). The questionnaire effectively differentiated respondents based on their knowledge levels and demonstrated good model fit (CFI: 0.93, RMSEA: 0.06). This study developed and validated a reliable and robust questionnaire to assess oncologists' knowledge of CDIs. The tool provides a standardized method for evaluating CDI knowledge, addressing a critical gap in oncology practice. Future research should focus on applying this questionnaire in diverse contexts and updating it to reflect advancements in clinical guidelines and drug interaction knowledge.

Lung cancer patients generally receive several information regarding their illness characteristics and available intervention. Therefore, patients can experience confusion, leading to anxiety and distress that might damage the relationship with physicians and treatment adherence. Literature showed that implementing decision aid tools during consultation can promote patients' knowledge and awareness about lung cancer and available oncological intervention, improving a shared decision-making process. However, not all lung cancer patients always appreciate decision aids' implementation. The present qualitative study explored patients' opinions and preferences regarding the implementation of decision aids during medical consultation. Twenty-two lung cancer patients who have already attended medical consultations for lung cancer voluntarily participated in four online focus groups carried out between January 2023 and December 2024. A thematic analysis with a bottom-up approach highlighted three main themes: the typology and number of information that patients would have received, the relevance of patient-and-doctor relationship, and the effects of providing additional decision-making tools on patients' emotions and preferences. Findings showed controversial opinions among patients, highlighting the relevance of personalized intervention tailored to patients' preferences. Practical implications are given.

This qualitative study explores the decision experiences of adult women regarding HPV vaccination, highlighting their decision needs, outcomes, and expected support. A qualitative descriptive study design was used. A semi-structured interview guide based on the Ottawa Decision Support Framework (ODSF) was used to interview Chinese women (aged 18 to 45). These interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using deductive and inductive content analysis. Sociodemographic data were tabulated using descriptive statistics. Fifteen participants were interviewed, and three categories were constructed. (1) Unmet decision needs: participants have inadequate knowledge, biased knowledge sources, inadequate resources, and unrealistic expectations. (2) Current decision outcomes: the quality of decisions varied among participants, with some feeling satisfied and well-informed, while others expressed dissatisfaction due to unclear information and a lack of understanding. Twelve participants who decided to vaccinate adhered to their choice, managing side effects as expected. Three participants who chose not to vaccinate remained unvaccinated. (3) Expected decision support: participants expressed a need for systematic; reliable information presented in a user-friendly manner; improved access to vaccination services; and emotional support from family, friends, and healthcare providers to support making their HPV vaccine decision. Women deciding on HPV vaccination are facing several decision needs that need to be addressed. Future support targeting women's decision-making experience could provide them with better information, resource access, and emotional support, and eventually improve vaccination uptake.

Advances in gynaecologic oncology research lead to continuous updates in clinical guidelines. However, undergraduate medical education often lacks in-depth coverage of recent developments, limiting students' preparedness for evidence-based management of gynaecological cancers. This study aimed to bridge the educational gap by integrating case-based analyses of practice-changing studies into the undergraduate obstetrics and gynaecology course. We aimed to enhance students' understanding of relevant gynaecologic oncology concepts and improve their skills in analysing scientific literature related to cancer management. An educational method was introduced to 5th-year medical students (n = 46) over a 2-week course. Using clinical case scenarios, students were presented with examples of practice-changing trials along with research findings incorporated into clinical practice. Following the course, 36 students completed a feedback survey evaluating their knowledge and research interpretation skills before and after the course. Descriptive statistical methods and Fisher's exact test were used to assess students' self-reported knowledge improvement. There were significant increases in students' self-reported knowledge level on the covered topics, including a distinction between chemotherapy types (p < 0.0001), surgical treatment (p < 0.0001), maintenance therapy in ovarian cancer (p < 0.0001), molecular classification (p < 0.0001) and immunotherapy in endometrial cancer (p < 0.0001). Understanding of inclusion criteria and endpoints in scientific articles also improved, rising from 22 to 86% (p < 0.0001, OR 21, 95% CI 5.62-78.48). Incorporating practice-changing studies into clinical teaching significantly enhances students' perceived comprehension of gynaecologic oncology and strengthens their self-reported research interpretation skills. This methodological approach highlights the value of connecting case-based learning with current research.

College men are among those least likely to be vaccinated against the human papillomavirus (HPV). Viewing digital stories from other college men who were vaccinated against HPV as young adults may help influence them to seek the vaccine. Guided by the Theory of Planned Behavior, this research reports on the creation and pilot testing of digital stories to increase college men's intentions to vaccinate against HPV. We recruited college men vaccinated against HPV as young adults to participate in an online workshop to create a digital story about their HPV vaccine decision. To examine the persuasiveness of the digital stories, we then asked college-aged men who either had never been vaccinated against HPV or did not know their HPV vaccine status to complete a pretest, view the digital stories, respond to questions related to identification and emotional engagement with the stories, and complete a posttest. We used descriptive statistics to assess participants' identification and emotional engagement with the stories and paired-sample t-tests to evaluate changes in theoretical constructs from pre- to post-intervention. Results illustrated that exposure to the stories significantly influenced the participants' positive attitudes about the HPV vaccine (Mpretest = 3.41; Mposttest = 3.57, p < .02), subjective norms (Mpretest = 2.82; Mposttest = 3.33, p < .001), self-efficacy to vaccinate (Mpretest = 3.20; Mposttest = 3.39, p < .01), and intention to vaccinate against HPV within the next year (Mpretest = 2.64; Mposttest = 3.10, p < .001). Future research should assess the effectiveness of this intervention on HPV vaccine uptake.

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the teach-back method in managing chemotherapy symptoms and improving quality of life. A secondary aim was to develop more effective care and education frameworks for cancer treatment. A single-center, randomized controlled trial was conducted with 80 patients who received chemotherapy between June 2022 and May 2023. Patients in the intervention group were educated about the chemotherapy process using the teach-back method, while those in the control group received standard education. Data were collected using a participant information form, the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale (ESAS), and the EQ-5D Quality of Life Scale. Statistical significance was accepted as p < 0.05 for all tests. In both groups, EQ-5D scores increased with the number of chemotherapy cycles, indicating a negative impact on quality of life. However, this increase was smaller in the intervention group. As the number of cycles increased, the intervention group scored lower on the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale compared to the control group. The results of the study show that using the teach-back method in patient education is effective in the management of chemotherapy-related symptoms and improving overall quality of life.

In Morocco, family caregivers of cancer patients face significant challenges due to the absence of legal recognition and structured support systems. This article highlights the urgent need to develop alternative solutions to meet their specific needs. It explores the potential of online platforms to enhance caregivers' skills and provide essential psychological support. Throughout this reflection, we also discuss our Sanadoc project, currently in development, which we believe represents an innovative and promising solution to address the difficulties faced by caregivers, particularly those caring for cancer patients in Morocco.