Journal of Asian Earth Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Provenance, tectonic setting, weathering patterns, and paleoclimate insight from late Holocene Wainganga River sediments, central India: a geochemical and statistical approach","authors":"Dileep Abdul Kalam T.,&nbsp;Samaya S. Humane,&nbsp;Sumedh K. Humane,&nbsp;Shreyash Sayankar","doi":"10.1016/j.jseaes.2025.106897","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jseaes.2025.106897","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Geochemical composition of the Holocene sediments of the Wainganga Riverbank near Pauni town, Central India have been probed to understand the localised sedimentary evolution. The provenance of the sediments is of mostly felsic origin suggesting source rocks are granitic gneiss, granite, muscovite schists and gneiss from the adjacent area of the Wainganga River basin (WRB). The paleo weathering conditions plots suggest incipient to moderate chemical weathering. Analysis of tectonic setting discrimination diagrams demonstrate that the sediments are characteristic of a passive margin provenance. The transition from semi-arid to semi-humid climate is evident from the C-value plot and SiO₂ vs Al₂O₃ + K₂O + Na₂O diagram, with multivariate statistical analysis confirming this gradual climatic evolution. The shift in Rb/Sr and Sr/Cu ratios provide additional geochemical evidence supporting the inferred paleoclimatic shift from arid to more humid conditions accompanied by enhanced productivity. Four zones were demarcated based on the significant shifts in the geochemical ratios which are key indicators of climate shifts. The sedimentary record of Zone-I (1100–1300 cm) suggests moderate weathering, with substantial clay formation, potentially attributed to increased precipitation of changes in hydrological regime. Zone- II (800–1100 cm) represents dry period with limited moisture leading to minimal chemical weathering and better drainage or less organic matter accumulation. Zone-III (400–800 cm) shows a slight increase in weathering with more reducing conditions due to either poor drainage or high organic matter content. Zone-Ⅳ (50–400 cm) is characterised by drop in chemical weathering intensity followed by gradual increase, coinciding with a shift towards a more humid.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50253,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian Earth Sciences","volume":"297 ","pages":"Article 106897"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145749081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First quantitative constraints on the Aiyongco Fault: A record of distributed strain in the western Bangong-Nujiang Fault Zone, Tibetan Plateau","authors":"Haoxuan Zeng ,&nbsp;Dewen Li ,&nbsp;Jinzhao Li ,&nbsp;Chong Zhang ,&nbsp;Yuquan Jiang ,&nbsp;Gaojian Miao ,&nbsp;Zhenming Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jseaes.2025.106878","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jseaes.2025.106878","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Bangong-Nujiang Fault Zone (BNFZ) separates the Qiangtang terrane to the north from the Lhasa terrane to the south within the Tibetan Plateau. How tectonic strain is accommodated across the western segment of this major suture zone remains a key unresolved question. This study focuses on the Aiyongco Fault, a major NWW-trending structure within the western BNFZ. We employ ground investigations, satellite imagery, UAV photogrammetry, trenching, and geochronological dating (¹⁴C and ¹⁰Be) to constrain its spatial distribution, timing of recent activities, slip rates, and paleoearthquakes. Our study demonstrates that the latest activity on the Aiyongco Fault occurred between 7.8 and 0.47 ka BP, i.e., during the middle to late Holocene, and that the horizontal slip rate ranges from 0.18 ± 0.01 mm/yr to 0.77 ± 0.04 mm/yr, with a vertical slip rate of 0.05 ± 0.01 mm/yr and a single-event horizontal displacement of 1.02 ± 0.17 m. The fault has experienced at least six paleoearthquake events since 21.07 ka, with an average recurrence interval of approximately 4.3–7.0 ka. These findings provide the first quantitative constraints on this active fault, suggesting that tectonic deformation in the western Tibetan Plateau is highly distributed. Our results offer foundational data for regional tectonic models and seismic hazard assessment in this area.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50253,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian Earth Sciences","volume":"297 ","pages":"Article 106878"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145652034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Indosinian structural geology and tectonics of northern Thailand: A discussion based on new field observation”. [J. Asian Earth Sci. 293 (2025) 1–38/106755]","authors":"M. Rozalli ,&nbsp;C.K. Morley ,&nbsp;N. Mankhemthong","doi":"10.1016/j.jseaes.2025.106876","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jseaes.2025.106876","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50253,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian Earth Sciences","volume":"296 ","pages":"Article 106876"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145618541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cimmerian tectonostratigraphic events in east-central Iran revealed by a long drill core of the Shemshak Group (Upper Triassic–Middle Jurassic)","authors":"Mohammad Ali Salehi ,&nbsp;Markus Wilmsen ,&nbsp;Ehsan Zamanian ,&nbsp;Christoph Heubeck","doi":"10.1016/j.jseaes.2025.106895","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jseaes.2025.106895","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Upper Triassic–lower Middle Jurassic tectono-sedimentary megacycle in central Iran is represented by the Shemshak Group, deposited within the central part of the Cimmerian continent (the “Iranian Cimmerides”). It contains key information on the Mesozoic geodynamics of the Middle East during the collision of the Cimmerian terranes with Eurasia. However, detailed insights into the response of depositional systems to the complex contemporaneous tectonics are hampered by poor exposure, in particular of fine-grained strata. A new, 641-m-long core from the northern Tabas Block (east-central Iran) provides an unweathered and continuous subsurface record of the Shemshak Group. Detailed lithofacies and stratigraphic analyses refine previous lithostratigraphic and palaeoenvironmental interpretations, allowing to consider relative sea-level changes caused by Cimmerian tectonic events and/or global sea-level fluctuations. The thick siliciclastic succession of the Rhaetian Qadir Member of the Nayband Subgroup reflects rapid basin subsidence in advance of the Main Cimmerian Event (MCE). It comprises the dominant part of the Shemshak Group. In the aftermath of the MCE at the Triassic–Jurassic boundary, comparatively low subsidence rates and limited accommodation prevailed, resulting in low thicknesses of the Lower–lower Middle Jurassic mixed siliciclastic and carbonate Ab-e-Haji Subgroup. Process and stacking-pattern analyses of eleven clastic and eight carbonate lithofacies indicate a variety of continental and marine depositional environments, ranging from fluvial and deltaic to shallow-marine. Our findings significantly improve the knowledge of the tectono-stratigraphic setting of the Shemshak Group and contribute to a better understanding of the Cimmerian history of central Iran between the Late Triassic and the Jurassic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50253,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian Earth Sciences","volume":"297 ","pages":"Article 106895"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145797724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Skarn-related sphalerite: Indium enrichment and key controlling factors","authors":"Junyi Wang ,&nbsp;Guotao Sun ,&nbsp;Jia-Xi Zhou ,&nbsp;Hui Chen ,&nbsp;Bing Yu ,&nbsp;Kai Luo ,&nbsp;Shiyu Liu ,&nbsp;Ruiliang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jseaes.2025.106894","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jseaes.2025.106894","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Indium is a critical metal that can be concentrated in skarn deposits. However, not all skarn deposits exhibit indium mineralization. The controlling factors of indium mineralization in skarn deposits are unclear. We investigate the sphalerite trace element, geological setting, geochemical compositions of related intrusions, and hydrothermal physicochemical conditions of 47 skarn deposits worldwide to unravel the critical factors for indium mineralization. The deposits are classified into four types according to the indium content in sphalerite. The In-rich skarn deposits are predominantly distributed in the intra-continental extension setting. The In-rich skarn deposits show higher SiO₂ values and Rb/δEu ratios, and lower MgO contents than the In-poor deposits, indicating that the evolution process evaluates the indium enrichment in magma. The Sr-Nd-Hf isotopes suggest that In-rich skarns are almost or partly derived from the partial melting of metasedimentary rocks; however, In-poor deposits are dominantly derived from the melting of the mafic lower crust. The similar hydrothermal temperatures (200 to 300 °C), salinities (4 to 12 NaCl wt%), and δ³⁴S (–5 to 10 ‰) between In-rich and In-poor deposits imply that the indium contents in sphalerite may be irrelevant to these conditions. The In and Cu contents define a solubility limit (<em>C</em>_In=<em>C</em>_Cu), indicating that the Cu activity controls the maximum indium contents in sphalerite. The study highlights that the skarn-related indium mineralization is a coupled consequence of the magma sources, evolution, and hydrothermal Cu activity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50253,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian Earth Sciences","volume":"297 ","pages":"Article 106894"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145694600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dolomitization mechanism for thick bedded dolostones of the Ordovician Majiagou Formation (Member 5) in the eastern Ordos Basin, China","authors":"Zhenmeng Sun,&nbsp;Xiangjie Cui,&nbsp;Huan Liu,&nbsp;Jian Cao,&nbsp;Xiancai Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.jseaes.2025.106889","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jseaes.2025.106889","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The genesis of thick bedded dolostones is considered closely related to the “Dolomite Problem”. This study investigates the mineralogical, sedimentological, and geochemical characteristics of thick bedded dolostones of the Ordovician Majiagou Formation (Member 5) in the eastern Ordos Basin, China. These dolostones consist of stacked meter to submeter scale thin bedded cycles, characterized by three key facies: cryptocrystalline dolostone with spherical gypsum molds, microcrystalline dolostone with nonplanar crystal boundaries and lath shaped gypsum pseudomorphs, and fine crystalline dolostone with planar boundaries lacking gypsum. The vertical distribution of these facies correlates with sea level cyclicity and geochemical variations in dolomite stoichiometry, indicating that dolomitization was controlled by high frequency sea level oscillations. The preservation of horizontal gypsum pseudomorphs, together with diagnostic Th/U ratios and bell-shaped REE patterns, supports a low energy, restricted cratonic setting. We apply a syndepositional model wherein evaporative concentration in a warm, shallow greenhouse sea led to calcite and gypsum precipitation, elevating the Mg/Ca ratio and triggering dolomitization. The resulting dense brine percolated downward, replacing unconsolidated calcareous precursors to form the observed dolostone types. This case demonstrates that high frequency sea level oscillations and their resultant thin bedded cycle stacking can constitute an efficient formation mechanism for thick bedded dolostones in cratonic basins.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50253,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian Earth Sciences","volume":"297 ","pages":"Article 106889"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145694598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Different types of lobes and autogenous circulation phenomena in alluvial fans based on flume simulation experiments: A case study of the Baiyanghe alluvial fan in China","authors":"Fukang Ma,&nbsp;Ye Tao","doi":"10.1016/j.jseaes.2025.106880","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jseaes.2025.106880","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although extensive research has been done on alluvial fans, the quantitative relationships between lobe-scale characteristics and internal spatial structures within alluvial fans remain unclear. This study adopt the Baiyang River alluvial fan in China as basic conceptual model and use a flume to simulate to quantitatively analyze differences in lobe types and autogenic cycles in stable period of benchmark. The study reveals that: (1) Based on differences in sedimentary processes, geometric scale, and internal superposition styles, the lobes can be classified into four types: A, B, C, and D, with lobe D exhibiting the highest number; (2) The internal superposition styles of the different lobe types vary significantly, the internal sand body superposition styles of the four lobe types A, B, C, and D are respectively progradation, regression, aggradation, and lateral accumulation; (3) The study introduces four indicators to measure the internal superposition of the sand bodies, analyzing the scale characteristics of the lobes, including dimensionless length, width, area, and distribution angle. The dimensionless length, width, area, and distribution angle of lobes A and D are relatively large, while those of lobes C and B are comparatively smaller. (4) The evolution of alluvial fans involves autogenetic cycles process corresponding to different types of lobe evolution, namely: channel incision, lobe proaccretion (lobe A), lobe lateral migration (lobe D), lobe aggradation (lobe C), lobe retrograde regression (lobe B), and channel incision again. The four lobe types reflect dynamic changes in the sedimentary characteristics and environment of the alluvial fan at various developmental stages. This research will provide a scientific basis for the prediction of alluvial fan oil and gas reservoirs in similar regions in northwest China, and also contribute to the in-depth study of the sedimentary dynamics of alluvial fans and the coupling mechanism of the “source-sink” system under stable base level conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50253,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian Earth Sciences","volume":"296 ","pages":"Article 106880"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145618540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Middle Jurassic to Late Cretaceous tectonic evolution of the southern Lhasa Block, Tibet, China: Constraints from anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) of the Linzhou Baisn","authors":"Qinglong Chen ,&nbsp;Xin Cheng ,&nbsp;Nan Jiang ,&nbsp;Bitian Wei ,&nbsp;Dongmeng Zhang ,&nbsp;Longyun Xing ,&nbsp;Yanan Zhou ,&nbsp;Teng Li ,&nbsp;Ruiyang Chai ,&nbsp;Hanning Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.jseaes.2025.106881","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jseaes.2025.106881","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Jurassic-Cretaceous closure dynamics of the Bangong-Nujiang Tethyan Ocean provide pivotal constraints on the Tibetan Plateau’s collisional orogeny and crustal thickening. To rigorously constrain the subduction and closure processes of the Bangong-Nujiang Tethyan Ocean during the Jurassic-Cretaceous, this study employs systematic anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) analysis. By investigating the relationship between the maximum principal compressive stress direction (inferred from magnetic of susceptibility ellipsoids) and the subduction dynamics of the Bangong-Nujiang Tethyan, we establish new structural deformation insights from the continuous Middle Jurassic-Late Cretaceous sedimentary sequences in the Linzhou Basin of the Lhasa Block. These findings provide critical constraints on the Jurassic-Cretaceous subduction evolution of the Bangong-Nujiang Tethyan Ocean. The Linzhou Basin, spanning from the Middle Jurassic Yeba Fm. to the Late Cretaceous Shexing Fm., experienced dual subduction dynamics: southward subduction of the Bangong-Nujiang Tethyan Ocean and northward subduction of the Yarlung-Zangbo Neo-Tethys Ocean. Crucially, the AMS data reveal that underlying strata preserved their primary deformation signatures without being overprinted by younger tectonic events. This implies that the AMS record faithfully reflects the contemporaneous tectonic stress field during the deposition and early deformation of each stratigraphic horizon. During the Middle-Late Jurassic, the Shiquanhe-Namco Ocean remained an open oceanic domain until its eventual closure in the Early Cretaceous. Consequently, the southward compressional stress regime documented in the Linzhou Basin during this interval likely reflects a composite tectonic signature, originating from the dual south subduction systems of both the Bangong-Nujiang Tethys Ocean and the Shiquanhe-Namco Ocean. Until the Early Cretaceous Takena Fm., the southward compression experienced by the Linzhou Basin was only related to the southward subduction of the Bangong- Nujiang Tethys Ocean. The Bangong-Nujiang Tethyan Ocean did not close during the Late Cretaceous Shexing Fm., but the subduction intensity was significantly reduced compared to the Early Cretaceous Takena Fm., indicating that the Bangong-Nujiang Tethyan Ocean tended to close.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50253,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian Earth Sciences","volume":"296 ","pages":"Article 106881"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145685357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geochemistry and origin of geofluids from the Muji carbonic springs in the northeastern Pamir Plateau, NW China: Implications for regional fault activities","authors":"Li Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiangxian Ma ,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Shao ,&nbsp;Jianzhen Chen ,&nbsp;Zhongping Li ,&nbsp;Lijuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Chunhui Cao ,&nbsp;Georgy Chelnokov ,&nbsp;Vasilii Lavrushin ,&nbsp;Guodong Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.jseaes.2025.106882","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jseaes.2025.106882","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Muji carbonic springs are typical tectonically controlled springs. To understand the origin and circulation process of geofluids from these springs, twenty-eight water samples and fourteen gas samples were collected and analyzed for their chemical and isotopic compositions. The hydrochemical type of these springs is classified as the Ca-HCO₃ type, primarily due to the dissolution of carbonate minerals. These waters have δD values ranging from −106.8 ‰ to −89.6 ‰ and δ¹⁸O values from −15.1 ‰ to −12.6 ‰, indicating that their primary origin is meteoric precipitation at different altitudes. The waters infiltrated through the fault zones to depths of 5.0±0.7 km, and mixed with deep fluids as well as shallow groundwater before being discharged at the surface. Gases from these springs have δ¹³C_CO2 values ranging from −5.8 ‰ to −2.9 ‰ and their ³He/⁴He ratios are 0.08 to 0.12 times the atmospheric value (³He/⁴He = 1.39 × 10⁻⁶), suggesting that the CO₂ was primarily derived from metamorphic carbonate rocks with minor contributions from mantle CO₂ (approximately 3% ∼ 6%) based on the He-CO₂ ternary mixing model calculation. The junction sites of faults in different directions show the strongest gas emission with relatively high δ¹³C_CH4 and δ¹³C_CO2 values, and higher CO₂ content, indicating direct connectivity with underlying fluid reservoirs. Therefore, these geofluids primarily migrate through deep fault systems within the thickened crust. Relatively high stress at fault intersections enhances fluid conductivity, promoting fluid migration upward and thus the potential formation of carbonic springs. These findings offer valuable insights into regional fault activity and crust-fluid interactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50253,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian Earth Sciences","volume":"297 ","pages":"Article 106882"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145749807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal histories of Cenozoic southern Marmara granitoids from emplacement to exhumation: Implications for tectono-thermal evolution of NW Anatolia (Türkiye)","authors":"Şafak Altunkaynak ,&nbsp;Alp Ünal ,&nbsp;Ömer Kamacı ,&nbsp;Işıl Nur Güraslan ,&nbsp;Gürsel Sunal ,&nbsp;Erdinç Yiğitbaş ,&nbsp;István Dunkl ,&nbsp;Margaret Forster","doi":"10.1016/j.jseaes.2025.106879","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jseaes.2025.106879","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigated the thermal history of the southern Marmara granitoids (Northern Kapıdağ, Southern Kapıdağ and Avşa Plutons), from the crystallization cooling to exhumation cooling, by using multiple geo-thermochronology methods that included zircon U-Pb, biotite ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar, apatite and zircon (U-Th)/He dating as well as geothermobarometry calculations. The geothermobarometry calculations and zircon U-Pb dating indicate that they were emplaced into mid-crustal levels (13.5 to 8.8 km) during the middle to late Eocene (48–37 Ma). The integrated multiple geo-thermochronological dataset yields similar t-T paths for each pluton, which were divided into three distinct intervals: Interval I: high to mid temperatures (800–350 °C), Interval II: mid to mid-low temperatures (350–180 °C), and Interval III: mid-low to low temperatures (180–60 °C). Interval I is characterized by steep t-T paths showing that the plutons reached mid-temperature levels by rapid cooling during the middle to late Eocene (48–35 Ma). Interval II, on the other hand, is distinguished by skewed t-T paths along the mid- to low temperatures, implying a deceleration in the cooling rates. Finally, in Interval III, the t-T paths steepen again, indicating rapid exhumation in the early Oligocene (32–28 Ma). We infer that the Eocene rapid cooling was most likely induced by bottom-up extension (slab break-off or convective removal of the lithosphere) while the early Oligocene rapid exhumation of NW Anatolia was triggered by the back-arc extension resulting from the rollback of the subducting African slab along the Hellenic trench system, which has migrated southward in time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50253,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian Earth Sciences","volume":"296 ","pages":"Article 106879"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145685356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}