Pub Date : 2023-11-16DOI: 10.47163/agrociencia.v57i8.2973
N. Martínez-Galero, Rosa Elia Agüero-Padilla, Alejandro Hernández-López, Alma X. Avila-Alejandre, Jeiry Toribio-Jiménez, Héctor López-Arjona
Pineapple (Ananas comosus L.) is a tropical fruit highly valued for its flavor, sweetness, aroma, and nutraceutical properties. The ‘Cayena Lisa’ cultivar is the most widely used for both fresh consumption and industrial purposes in Mexico. The municipalities of Tuxtepec and Loma Bonita, in the state of Oaxaca, produce around 582 thousand Mg of solid waste per year from fruit processing, to which the waste from plantations attacked by pests and diseases must be added. Consequently, these wastes must be processed in order to generate added value. Isolation of cysteine proteases from industrial residues is one possibility. In the present study, the parameters of the Mexican Official Standard for measuring pH (NOM-F-317-S-1978), total soluble solids (SST) (NMX-F-103-1982), and cysteine-protease activity in pineapple fruit processing residues at two stages of ripening over four months of harvest were used to determine whether there is a factor of quality attributes that correlates with the activity of this protein. In both ripening stages, cysteine-protease activity is higher in August. Regardless of the degree of ripening, peel and core are the best sources of cysteine-proteases. SST and pH values have no correlation with cysteine-protease activity, so they cannot be used as indicators of such activity. The findings show that ‘Cayena Lisa’ pineapple residues grown in Loma Bonita, Oaxaca, could be a good source of cysteine-proteases.
菠萝（Ananas comosus L.）是一种热带水果，因其风味、甜度、香气和营养保健特性而备受青睐。在墨西哥，"Cayena Lisa "栽培品种被最广泛地用于新鲜消费和工业用途。瓦哈卡州的图斯特佩克市和洛马博尼塔市每年在水果加工过程中产生约 58.2 万毫克的固体废物，此外还必须加上受病虫害侵袭的种植园产生的废物。因此，必须对这些废物进行处理，以产生附加值。从工业残留物中分离半胱氨酸蛋白酶是一种可行的方法。在本研究中，我们使用了墨西哥官方标准中的参数来测量 pH 值（NOM-F-317-S-1978）、总可溶性固形物（SST）（NMX-F-103-1982）和菠萝果实加工残留物中的半胱氨酸蛋白酶活性，这些残留物在四个月的收获期中处于两个成熟阶段，以确定是否存在与这种蛋白质活性相关的质量属性因素。在两个成熟阶段，8 月份的半胱氨酸蛋白酶活性都较高。无论成熟度如何，果皮和果核都是半胱氨酸蛋白酶的最佳来源。SST 值和 pH 值与半胱氨酸蛋白酶活性没有相关性，因此不能作为半胱氨酸蛋白酶活性的指标。研究结果表明，瓦哈卡州洛马博尼塔种植的 "Cayena Lisa "菠萝残渣是半胱氨酸蛋白酶的良好来源。
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