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Exponential control of the trajectories of iterated function systems with application to semi-strong GARCH models 迭代函数系统轨迹的指数控制及其在半强GARCH模型中的应用
IF 1 4区 数学 Q3 STATISTICS & PROBABILITY Pub Date : 2023-05-15 DOI: 10.1017/jpr.2023.13
Baye Matar Kandji
We establish new results on the strictly stationary solution to an iterated function system. When the driving sequence is stationary and ergodic, though not independent, the strictly stationary solution may admit no moment but we show an exponential control of the trajectories. We exploit these results to prove, under mild conditions, the consistency of the quasi-maximum likelihood estimator of GARCH(p,q) models with non-independent innovations.
建立了一类迭代函数系统的严格平稳解的新结果。当驱动序列平稳且遍历时,虽然不是独立的,但严格平稳解可能不存在力矩,但我们展示了轨迹的指数控制。我们利用这些结果证明了在温和条件下,具有非独立创新的GARCH(p,q)模型的拟极大似然估计的相合性。
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引用次数: 0
Distribution of consensus in a broadcast-based consensus algorithm with random initial opinions 基于广播的随机初始意见共识算法中的共识分布
IF 1 4区 数学 Q3 STATISTICS & PROBABILITY Pub Date : 2023-05-09 DOI: 10.1017/jpr.2023.9
S. Shioda, Dai Kato
We study the distribution of the consensus formed by a broadcast-based consensus algorithm for cases in which the initial opinions of agents are random variables. We first derive two fundamental equations for the time evolution of the average opinion of agents. Using the derived equations, we then investigate the distribution of the consensus in the limit in which agents do not have any mutual trust, and show that the consensus without mutual trust among agents is in sharp contrast to the consensus with complete mutual trust in the statistical properties if the initial opinion of each agent is integrable. Next, we provide the formulation necessary to mathematically discuss the consensus in the limit in which the number of agents tends to infinity, and derive several results, including a central limit theorem concerning the consensus in this limit. Finally, we study the distribution of the consensus when the initial opinions of agents follow a stable distribution, and show that the consensus also follows a stable distribution in the limit in which the number of agents tends to infinity.
对于代理的初始意见是随机变量的情况,我们研究了基于广播的一致性算法形成的一致性的分布。我们首先推导了代理人平均意见的时间演化的两个基本方程。使用导出的方程,我们研究了在代理不具有任何互信的极限下一致性的分布,并表明如果每个代理的初始意见是可积的,则代理之间不具有互信的一致性与统计性质上具有完全互信的一致形成鲜明对比。接下来,我们提供了必要的公式,以数学方式讨论代理数量趋于无穷大的极限中的一致性,并导出了几个结果,包括关于该极限中一致性的中心极限定理。最后,我们研究了当代理的初始意见遵循稳定分布时,一致性的分布,并表明在代理数量趋于无穷大的极限下,一致性也遵循稳定分布。
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引用次数: 0
JPR volume 60 issue 2 Cover and Front matter JPR第60卷第2期封面和封面
IF 1 4区 数学 Q3 STATISTICS & PROBABILITY Pub Date : 2023-05-04 DOI: 10.1017/jpr.2022.82
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引用次数: 0
JPR volume 60 issue 2 Cover and Back matter JPR第60卷第2期封面和封底
IF 1 4区 数学 Q3 STATISTICS & PROBABILITY Pub Date : 2023-05-04 DOI: 10.1017/jpr.2022.83
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引用次数: 0
SIR epidemics driven by Feller processes 费勒过程驱动的SIR流行病
IF 1 4区 数学 Q3 STATISTICS & PROBABILITY Pub Date : 2023-05-02 DOI: 10.1017/jpr.2023.2
Matthieu Simon
We consider a stochastic SIR (susceptible $rightarrow$ infective $rightarrow$ removed) model in which the infectious periods are modulated by a collection of independent and identically distributed Feller processes. Each infected individual is associated with one of these processes, the trajectories of which determine the duration of his infectious period, his contamination rate, and his type of removal (e.g. death or immunization). We use a martingale approach to derive the distribution of the final epidemic size and severity for this model and provide some general examples. Next, we focus on a single infected individual facing a given number of susceptibles, and we determine the distribution of his outcome (number of contaminations, severity, type of removal). Using a discrete-time formulation of the model, we show that this distribution also provides us with an alternative, more stable method to compute the final epidemic outcome distribution.
我们考虑一个随机SIR(易感的$right - row$感染的$right - row$移除)模型,在该模型中,感染周期由一组独立且相同分布的Feller过程调制。每一个受感染的个体都与这些过程中的一个有关,这些过程的轨迹决定了他的感染期的持续时间、他的污染率和他的清除方式(例如死亡或免疫)。我们使用鞅方法推导了该模型的最终流行病规模和严重程度的分布,并提供了一些一般示例。接下来,我们将重点放在面对给定数量易感物的单个感染者身上,并确定其结果的分布(污染数量、严重程度、清除类型)。使用模型的离散时间公式,我们表明这种分布也为我们提供了一种替代的,更稳定的方法来计算最终的流行病结果分布。
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引用次数: 0
A large deviation theorem for a supercritical super-Brownian motion with absorption 带吸收的超临界超布朗运动的大偏差定理
IF 1 4区 数学 Q3 STATISTICS & PROBABILITY Pub Date : 2023-05-02 DOI: 10.1017/jpr.2023.1
Ya-Jie Zhu
<jats:p>We consider a one-dimensional superprocess with a supercritical local branching mechanism <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" mime-subtype="png" xlink:href="S0021900223000013_inline1.png" /> <jats:tex-math>$psi$</jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula>, where particles move as a Brownian motion with drift <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" mime-subtype="png" xlink:href="S0021900223000013_inline2.png" /> <jats:tex-math>$-rho$</jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula> and are killed when they reach the origin. It is known that the process survives with positive probability if and only if <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" mime-subtype="png" xlink:href="S0021900223000013_inline3.png" /> <jats:tex-math>$rho<sqrt{2alpha}$</jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula>, where <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" mime-subtype="png" xlink:href="S0021900223000013_inline4.png" /> <jats:tex-math>$alpha=-psi'(0)$</jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula>. When <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" mime-subtype="png" xlink:href="S0021900223000013_inline5.png" /> <jats:tex-math>$rho<sqrt{2 alpha}$</jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula>, Kyprianou <jats:italic>et al.</jats:italic> [18] proved that <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" mime-subtype="png" xlink:href="S0021900223000013_inline6.png" /> <jats:tex-math>$lim_{tto infty}R_t/t =sqrt{2alpha}-rho$</jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula> almost surely on the survival set, where <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" mime-subtype="png" xlink:href="S0021900223000013_inline7.png" /> <jats:tex-math>$R_t$</jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula> is the rightmost position of the support at time <jats:italic>t</jats:italic>. Motivated by this work, we investigate its large deviation, in other words, the convergence rate of <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" mime-subtype="png" xlink:href="S0021900223000013_inline8.png" /> <jats:tex-math>$mathbb{P}_{delta_x} (R_t >gamma t+theta)$</jats:tex-math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula> as <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w
我们考虑一个具有超临界局部分支机制$psi$的一维超过程,其中粒子以漂移$-rho$的布朗运动的形式移动,并在到达原点时被杀死。已知过程以正概率生存当且仅当$rho,其中$alpha=-psi'(0)$。当$rho,Kyprianou等人[18]证明$lim_{ttoinfty}R_t/t=sqrt{2alpha}-rho$几乎肯定在生存集上时,其中$R_t$是时间t时支持的最右位置。受此工作的启发,我们研究了它的大偏差,换句话说,$mathbb的收敛速度{P}_{delta_x}(R_t>gamma t+theta)$为$ttoinfty$,其中$gamma>sqrt{2alpha}-rho$,$thetage 0$。作为副产品,得到了一个相关的Yaglom型条件极限定理。分支布朗运动的类似结果可以在Harris等人[13]中找到。
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引用次数: 0
Large deviations of extremal eigenvalues of sample covariance matrices 样本协方差矩阵极值特征值偏差大
IF 1 4区 数学 Q3 STATISTICS & PROBABILITY Pub Date : 2023-04-24 DOI: 10.1017/jpr.2022.130
Denise Uwamariya, Xiangfeng Yang
Large deviations of the largest and smallest eigenvalues of $mathbf{X}mathbf{X}^top/n$ are studied in this note, where $mathbf{X}_{ptimes n}$ is a $ptimes n$ random matrix with independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) sub-Gaussian entries. The assumption imposed on the dimension size p and the sample size n is $p=p(n)rightarrowinfty$ with $p(n)={mathrm{o}}(n)$ . This study generalizes one result obtained in [3].
本文研究了$mathbf{X}mathbf{X}^top/n$的最大和最小特征值的大偏差,其中$mathbf{X}_{ptimes n}$是一个$ptimes n$随机矩阵,具有独立且同分布(i.i.d)的亚高斯条目。对维度大小p和样本量n的假设为$p=p(n)rightarrowinfty$,其中$p(n)={mathrm{o}}(n)$。本研究推广了b[3]的一个结果。
{"title":"Large deviations of extremal eigenvalues of sample covariance matrices","authors":"Denise Uwamariya, Xiangfeng Yang","doi":"10.1017/jpr.2022.130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jpr.2022.130","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\t <jats:p>Large deviations of the largest and smallest eigenvalues of <jats:inline-formula>\u0000\t <jats:alternatives>\u0000\t\t<jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" mime-subtype=\"png\" xlink:href=\"S0021900222001309_inline1.png\" />\u0000\t\t<jats:tex-math>\u0000$mathbf{X}mathbf{X}^top/n$\u0000</jats:tex-math>\u0000\t </jats:alternatives>\u0000\t </jats:inline-formula> are studied in this note, where <jats:inline-formula>\u0000\t <jats:alternatives>\u0000\t\t<jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" mime-subtype=\"png\" xlink:href=\"S0021900222001309_inline2.png\" />\u0000\t\t<jats:tex-math>\u0000$mathbf{X}_{ptimes n}$\u0000</jats:tex-math>\u0000\t </jats:alternatives>\u0000\t </jats:inline-formula> is a <jats:inline-formula>\u0000\t <jats:alternatives>\u0000\t\t<jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" mime-subtype=\"png\" xlink:href=\"S0021900222001309_inline3.png\" />\u0000\t\t<jats:tex-math>\u0000$ptimes n$\u0000</jats:tex-math>\u0000\t </jats:alternatives>\u0000\t </jats:inline-formula> random matrix with independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) sub-Gaussian entries. The assumption imposed on the dimension size <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> and the sample size <jats:italic>n</jats:italic> is <jats:inline-formula>\u0000\t <jats:alternatives>\u0000\t\t<jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" mime-subtype=\"png\" xlink:href=\"S0021900222001309_inline4.png\" />\u0000\t\t<jats:tex-math>\u0000$p=p(n)rightarrowinfty$\u0000</jats:tex-math>\u0000\t </jats:alternatives>\u0000\t </jats:inline-formula> with <jats:inline-formula>\u0000\t <jats:alternatives>\u0000\t\t<jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" mime-subtype=\"png\" xlink:href=\"S0021900222001309_inline5.png\" />\u0000\t\t<jats:tex-math>\u0000$p(n)={mathrm{o}}(n)$\u0000</jats:tex-math>\u0000\t </jats:alternatives>\u0000\t </jats:inline-formula>. This study generalizes one result obtained in [3].</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":50256,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Probability","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42613765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Characterization theorems for pseudo cross-variograms 伪交叉变差函数的特征定理
IF 1 4区 数学 Q3 STATISTICS & PROBABILITY Pub Date : 2023-04-24 DOI: 10.1017/jpr.2022.133
Christopher Dörr, M. Schlather
Pseudo cross-variograms appear naturally in the context of multivariate Brown–Resnick processes, and are a useful tool for analysis and prediction of multivariate random fields. We give a necessary and sufficient criterion for a matrix-valued function to be a pseudo cross-variogram, and further provide a Schoenberg-type result connecting pseudo cross-variograms and multivariate correlation functions. By means of these characterizations, we provide extensions of the popular univariate space–time covariance model of Gneiting to the multivariate case.
伪交叉变差函数在多变量Brown-Resnick过程中自然出现,是分析和预测多变量随机场的有用工具。给出了一个矩阵值函数是伪交叉变差函数的充分必要判据,并进一步给出了一个连接伪交叉变差函数和多元相关函数的schoenberg型结果。通过这些刻画,我们将流行的单变量Gneiting时空协方差模型推广到多变量情况。
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引用次数: 2
Self-normalized Cramér moderate deviations for a supercritical Galton–Watson process 超临界高尔顿-沃森过程的自归一化cram<s:1>中度偏差
4区 数学 Q3 STATISTICS & PROBABILITY Pub Date : 2023-04-24 DOI: 10.1017/jpr.2022.134
Xiequan Fan, Qi-Man Shao
Abstract Let $(Z_n)_{ngeq0}$ be a supercritical Galton–Watson process. Consider the Lotka–Nagaev estimator for the offspring mean. In this paper we establish self-normalized Cramér-type moderate deviations and Berry–Esseen bounds for the Lotka–Nagaev estimator. The results are believed to be optimal or near-optimal.
设$(Z_n)_{ngeq0}$为超临界高尔顿-沃森过程。考虑后代均值的Lotka-Nagaev估计量。本文建立了Lotka-Nagaev估计量的自归一化cram中度偏差和Berry-Esseen界。结果被认为是最优或接近最优的。
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引用次数: 1
Non-reversible guided Metropolis kernel 非可逆引导Metropolis内核
IF 1 4区 数学 Q3 STATISTICS & PROBABILITY Pub Date : 2023-04-12 DOI: 10.1017/jpr.2022.109
K. Kamatani, Xiaolin Song
Abstract We construct a class of non-reversible Metropolis kernels as a multivariate extension of the guided-walk kernel proposed by Gustafson (Statist. Comput. 8, 1998). The main idea of our method is to introduce a projection that maps a state space to a totally ordered group. By using Haar measure, we construct a novel Markov kernel termed the Haar mixture kernel, which is of interest in its own right. This is achieved by inducing a topological structure to the totally ordered group. Our proposed method, the $Delta$ -guided Metropolis–Haar kernel, is constructed by using the Haar mixture kernel as a proposal kernel. The proposed non-reversible kernel is at least 10 times better than the random-walk Metropolis kernel and Hamiltonian Monte Carlo kernel for the logistic regression and a discretely observed stochastic process in terms of effective sample size per second.
摘要我们构造了一类不可逆的Metropolis核,作为Gustafson(Statist.Comput.81998)提出的引导行走核的多变量扩展。我们方法的主要思想是引入一个投影,将状态空间映射到一个完全有序的群。利用Haar测度,我们构造了一个新的马尔可夫核,称为Haar混合核,它本身就很有意义。这是通过将拓扑结构引入全序群来实现的。我们提出的方法,$Delta$引导的Metropolis–Haar内核,是通过使用Haar混合内核作为建议内核来构建的。就每秒有效样本量而言,对于逻辑回归和离散观测随机过程,所提出的不可逆核至少是随机行走Metropolis核和Hamiltonian蒙特卡罗核的10倍。
{"title":"Non-reversible guided Metropolis kernel","authors":"K. Kamatani, Xiaolin Song","doi":"10.1017/jpr.2022.109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jpr.2022.109","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract We construct a class of non-reversible Metropolis kernels as a multivariate extension of the guided-walk kernel proposed by Gustafson (Statist. Comput. 8, 1998). The main idea of our method is to introduce a projection that maps a state space to a totally ordered group. By using Haar measure, we construct a novel Markov kernel termed the Haar mixture kernel, which is of interest in its own right. This is achieved by inducing a topological structure to the totally ordered group. Our proposed method, the \u0000$Delta$\u0000 -guided Metropolis–Haar kernel, is constructed by using the Haar mixture kernel as a proposal kernel. The proposed non-reversible kernel is at least 10 times better than the random-walk Metropolis kernel and Hamiltonian Monte Carlo kernel for the logistic regression and a discretely observed stochastic process in terms of effective sample size per second.","PeriodicalId":50256,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Probability","volume":"60 1","pages":"955 - 981"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48071905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
期刊
Journal of Applied Probability
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