Gated-communities have appeared as a housing strategy within the capitalist system. This study employs Lefebvre's understanding of spatial production to conceptualize gated-communities as abstract spaces and explore their effects on the built environment, which extends in scale from the individual home to the neighbourhood. The opted methodology for the study is a literature review and critical interpretation of theoretical studies on this field by focusing on the Mavişehir neighbourhood in İzmir. This neighbourhood, with multi-story buildings and villas, attracts senior and upper-middle-income residents seeking security and prestige. The area offers shopping malls, sports centres, schools, and open spaces in addition to gated communities. Investigating the impact on the surroundings of the first resident construction, Mavişehir Emlak Bank Residences, the study explores how the neighbourhood has been transformed into a commodity, fostering a gated-neighbourhood concept that inherently defines the specific patterns of social relations in the city.
{"title":"From Gated-Community to Gated-Neighbourhood: The Case of a Housing Estate Bank in Mavişehir, Izmir","authors":"Aysu Gürman, Ece Buldan","doi":"10.54028/nj202423412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54028/nj202423412","url":null,"abstract":"Gated-communities have appeared as a housing strategy within the capitalist system. This study employs Lefebvre's understanding of spatial production to conceptualize gated-communities as abstract spaces and explore their effects on the built environment, which extends in scale from the individual home to the neighbourhood. The opted methodology for the study is a literature review and critical interpretation of theoretical studies on this field by focusing on the Mavişehir neighbourhood in İzmir. This neighbourhood, with multi-story buildings and villas, attracts senior and upper-middle-income residents seeking security and prestige. The area offers shopping malls, sports centres, schools, and open spaces in addition to gated communities. Investigating the impact on the surroundings of the first resident construction, Mavişehir Emlak Bank Residences, the study explores how the neighbourhood has been transformed into a commodity, fostering a gated-neighbourhood concept that inherently defines the specific patterns of social relations in the city.","PeriodicalId":502924,"journal":{"name":"Nakhara : Journal of Environmental Design and Planning","volume":"39 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141819622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In recent decades, streetscape research has advanced quickly in tandem with societal understanding of the impact of urban environmental quality on aesthetic satisfaction and urban dwellers' well-being. The case study method is one of the methodological approaches that has grown in popularity in streetscape research. However, no researchers have yet conducted a comprehensive investigation into the efficacy of case studies when used in streetscape research. Based on the experiences and findings of other researchers using case studies as their research design, this study explores the potential advantages and drawbacks of using case studies in streetscape research. The study uses the systematic literature review method to collect and analyze past relevant streetscape research findings to identify the potential advantages and disadvantages researchers may face when doing their streetscape research, which comprises several stages, namely case selection, development of a theoretical framework, data gathering, data analysis, discussion, and conclusion. The research findings have shown that the case study approach can result in in-depth studies by creating a well-defined research protocol that aligns with the particular environmental situation under examination. However, adopting technology in streetscape research can pose difficulties and limitations for researchers, such as the challenge of accessing advanced technology and mastering the complexity of analytical tools with intricate requirements.
{"title":"Potential Advantages and Disadvantages of Case Study as Methodological Approach in Streetscape Research","authors":"Ferdy Sabono, Indah Widiastuti, I. Sudradjat","doi":"10.54028/nj202423411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54028/nj202423411","url":null,"abstract":"In recent decades, streetscape research has advanced quickly in tandem with societal understanding of the impact of urban environmental quality on aesthetic satisfaction and urban dwellers' well-being. The case study method is one of the methodological approaches that has grown in popularity in streetscape research. However, no researchers have yet conducted a comprehensive investigation into the efficacy of case studies when used in streetscape research. Based on the experiences and findings of other researchers using case studies as their research design, this study explores the potential advantages and drawbacks of using case studies in streetscape research. The study uses the systematic literature review method to collect and analyze past relevant streetscape research findings to identify the potential advantages and disadvantages researchers may face when doing their streetscape research, which comprises several stages, namely case selection, development of a theoretical framework, data gathering, data analysis, discussion, and conclusion. The research findings have shown that the case study approach can result in in-depth studies by creating a well-defined research protocol that aligns with the particular environmental situation under examination. However, adopting technology in streetscape research can pose difficulties and limitations for researchers, such as the challenge of accessing advanced technology and mastering the complexity of analytical tools with intricate requirements.","PeriodicalId":502924,"journal":{"name":"Nakhara : Journal of Environmental Design and Planning","volume":"60 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141348914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Governments in many countries have announced their own emission targets and launched several measures to mitigate transport-sourced air pollution, including policies to promote the use of electric vehicles (EVs). However, electrifying a fleet of vehicles requires high investment and it is difficult to fully implement all at once. Therefore, this research aims to develop a framework to help prioritize locations to promote EVs using motorcycle taxis in Bangkok as a case study. The surveyed data was collected from 406 motorcycle taxi drivers around Bangkok. The proposed framework is based on two aspects. One is the impact on CO2 emission reduction while another is the difficulty of EV deployment. The study's findings yield a potential matrix for EV deployment, which classifies locations into four priority groups. The study concludes that prioritizing locations with high CO2 reduction impact and low deployment difficulty is crucial for efficient EV promotion. Subsequently, recommendations are offered to assist authorities and automobile firms in effectively allocating resources for EV promotion. Policy recommendations highlight the significance of targeted interventions and enhancing public awareness to facilitate the widespread adoption of electric motorcycle. Implications from this study will help the authorities and automobile firms to prioritize areas and allocate budgets for promoting EVs efficiently.
{"title":"Prioritizing Target Motorcycle Owners to Promote Electric Vehicles Among Motorcycle Taxi Drivers in Bangkok","authors":"Ornicha Anuchitchanchai, Saksith Chalermpong","doi":"10.54028/nj202423409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54028/nj202423409","url":null,"abstract":"Governments in many countries have announced their own emission targets and launched several measures to mitigate transport-sourced air pollution, including policies to promote the use of electric vehicles (EVs). However, electrifying a fleet of vehicles requires high investment and it is difficult to fully implement all at once. Therefore, this research aims to develop a framework to help prioritize locations to promote EVs using motorcycle taxis in Bangkok as a case study. The surveyed data was collected from 406 motorcycle taxi drivers around Bangkok. The proposed framework is based on two aspects. One is the impact on CO2 emission reduction while another is the difficulty of EV deployment. The study's findings yield a potential matrix for EV deployment, which classifies locations into four priority groups. The study concludes that prioritizing locations with high CO2 reduction impact and low deployment difficulty is crucial for efficient EV promotion. Subsequently, recommendations are offered to assist authorities and automobile firms in effectively allocating resources for EV promotion. Policy recommendations highlight the significance of targeted interventions and enhancing public awareness to facilitate the widespread adoption of electric motorcycle. Implications from this study will help the authorities and automobile firms to prioritize areas and allocate budgets for promoting EVs efficiently.","PeriodicalId":502924,"journal":{"name":"Nakhara : Journal of Environmental Design and Planning","volume":"92 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141352557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Khair Eddine Demdoum, Yazid Mohd Yunos, N. Ujang, N. Utaberta
Walkability has gained considerable traction in recent years as a key concept for promoting sustainable urban environments and healthier lifestyles. Built environment attributes such as infrastructure, streetscape design, land use mix, and street connectivity were found to have a high impact on walking behavior. However, due to the context-specific nature of walkability, where attributes deemed important in one context may not hold the same significance in another, this study aims to examine walkability attributes and methods within the Malaysian context. The goal is to offer valuable insights for researchers and policymakers operating in similar contexts. This study employed a systematic review following the PRISMA guidelines. A comprehensive search of SCOPUS and Google Scholar identified and assessed studies related to walkability in Malaysia. Rigorous screening and application of inclusion criteria yielded 32 Malaysian articles published between 2011 and 2021 for detailed review. Data extraction focused on specified factors including data source, built environment attributes, unit of analysis, and type of walking. The results identified both similarities and differences in the influence of built environment attributes on walking behavior in Malaysia compared to global patterns. Micro-scale factors, such as the aesthetics and attractiveness of walkways (65%), and safety and security (59%), were found to be leading factors in creating walking-friendly environments. Conversely, macro-level attributes, including density (15%) and mixed land use (18%), did not show a significant impact. This reliance on perceived assessments may struggle to capture the complexity of actual density and diversity, leading to inconsistent results. However, data collection and analysis approaches require further refinement. Future Malaysian research may prioritize the use of GIS-based walkability indexes to comprehensively measure walkability and improve the validity and accuracy of assessments. Additionally, consideration should be given to the regional transferability of these indexes.
{"title":"Systematic Review of Built Environment Attributes of Walkability: Cases of Malaysia","authors":"Khair Eddine Demdoum, Yazid Mohd Yunos, N. Ujang, N. Utaberta","doi":"10.54028/nj202423410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54028/nj202423410","url":null,"abstract":"Walkability has gained considerable traction in recent years as a key concept for promoting sustainable urban environments and healthier lifestyles. Built environment attributes such as infrastructure, streetscape design, land use mix, and street connectivity were found to have a high impact on walking behavior. However, due to the context-specific nature of walkability, where attributes deemed important in one context may not hold the same significance in another, this study aims to examine walkability attributes and methods within the Malaysian context. The goal is to offer valuable insights for researchers and policymakers operating in similar contexts. This study employed a systematic review following the PRISMA guidelines. A comprehensive search of SCOPUS and Google Scholar identified and assessed studies related to walkability in Malaysia. Rigorous screening and application of inclusion criteria yielded 32 Malaysian articles published between 2011 and 2021 for detailed review. Data extraction focused on specified factors including data source, built environment attributes, unit of analysis, and type of walking. The results identified both similarities and differences in the influence of built environment attributes on walking behavior in Malaysia compared to global patterns. Micro-scale factors, such as the aesthetics and attractiveness of walkways (65%), and safety and security (59%), were found to be leading factors in creating walking-friendly environments. Conversely, macro-level attributes, including density (15%) and mixed land use (18%), did not show a significant impact. This reliance on perceived assessments may struggle to capture the complexity of actual density and diversity, leading to inconsistent results. However, data collection and analysis approaches require further refinement. Future Malaysian research may prioritize the use of GIS-based walkability indexes to comprehensively measure walkability and improve the validity and accuracy of assessments. Additionally, consideration should be given to the regional transferability of these indexes.","PeriodicalId":502924,"journal":{"name":"Nakhara : Journal of Environmental Design and Planning","volume":"140 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141350906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Asadaporn Kiatthanawat, Patiphol Yodsurang, A. Krasae-in
The tourism industry in Bangkok, Thailand, has predominantly focused on urban attractions within the city, overlooking the significant cultural heritage and historical value of the canal-side areas. This research seeks to explore the untapped potential of heritage canal-side tourism in Western Bangkok. The objective is to identify and map the Thai and vernacular houses situated along the canal in the western region of Bangkok, an area of important cultural and heritage significance, and analyze their clustering and distribution patterns, utilizing a rapid survey—a comprehensive and swift data collection method characterized by quick on-site assessments and visual inspections. The findings reveal three areas around Khlong Bangkok Yai, Khlong Bang Noi and Khlong Bang Chueak Nang, and Khlong Saman Chai connecting to the Khlong Bang Mod that exhibit considerable potential for developing tangible architectural resources, thereby creating scenic attractions for cultural tourism. These results serve as a foundation for further development of the canal-side areas as tourist destinations, showcasing their unique historic scenery of architectural charm and cultural heritage.
泰国曼谷的旅游业主要集中在市内的城市景点，忽视了运河沿岸地区重要的文化遗产和历史价值。本研究旨在探索曼谷西部运河边遗产旅游尚未开发的潜力。其目的是利用快速调查--一种以快速现场评估和目测为特点的全面而迅速的数据收集方法--识别和绘制曼谷西部运河沿岸的泰式和乡土房屋，并分析其集群和分布模式。调查结果显示，Khlong Bangkok Yai、Khlong Bang Noi 和 Khlong Bang Chueak Nang 以及与 Khlong Bang Mod 相连的 Khlong Saman Chai 附近的三个地区在开发有形建筑资源方面具有相当大的潜力，从而为文化旅游创造了风景名胜。这些成果为进一步将运河沿岸地区开发为旅游目的地奠定了基础，展示了其独特的建筑魅力和文化遗产历史景观。
{"title":"Exploring Thai Vernacular Houses for Heritage Tourism along the Western Bangkok Canals","authors":"Asadaporn Kiatthanawat, Patiphol Yodsurang, A. Krasae-in","doi":"10.54028/nj202423407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54028/nj202423407","url":null,"abstract":"The tourism industry in Bangkok, Thailand, has predominantly focused on urban attractions within the city, overlooking the significant cultural heritage and historical value of the canal-side areas. This research seeks to explore the untapped potential of heritage canal-side tourism in Western Bangkok. The objective is to identify and map the Thai and vernacular houses situated along the canal in the western region of Bangkok, an area of important cultural and heritage significance, and analyze their clustering and distribution patterns, utilizing a rapid survey—a comprehensive and swift data collection method characterized by quick on-site assessments and visual inspections. The findings reveal three areas around Khlong Bangkok Yai, Khlong Bang Noi and Khlong Bang Chueak Nang, and Khlong Saman Chai connecting to the Khlong Bang Mod that exhibit considerable potential for developing tangible architectural resources, thereby creating scenic attractions for cultural tourism. These results serve as a foundation for further development of the canal-side areas as tourist destinations, showcasing their unique historic scenery of architectural charm and cultural heritage.","PeriodicalId":502924,"journal":{"name":"Nakhara : Journal of Environmental Design and Planning","volume":"63 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140972304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Chao Luang crematorium was a temporary architecture made for the cremation and funeral of Chao Luang Chiang Mai (King of Chiang Mai). The creation of the Chao Luang crematorium reflected the social and political pressures of Siam that influenced Lanna territories during the reign of Phra Chao Inthawichayanon in 1873 till 1932 (coup d’etat), resulting in a change in the architectural style of these funeral structures. This research aims to study the architectural style changes of Chao Luang crematorium in Chiang Mai from the moment when Siam began to draw power from Lanna to the central part of the territory. The study results reveal that, originally, the funeral rites of Chao Luang followed a specific form of Lanna rituals. However, during the reign of Phra Chao Inthawichayanon, the 7th Chao Luang of Chiang Mai, new power from Siam was imposed on Lanna, which resulted in changes to the Lanna architecture and cremation traditions, aligning them more closely with Siamese traditions. Eventually, the traditional Lanna rituals were amalgamated into the style of Siam. The evolving architectural style of the Chiang Mai Royal Crematorium provides evidence of Siamese colonization’s ongoing impact on Lanna.
{"title":"Chiang Mai's Royal Crematorium: Siamese Influence Evident in Lanna Cremation Heritage","authors":"Sumavalee Chindapol, Piyadech Arkarapotiwong","doi":"10.54028/nj202423406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54028/nj202423406","url":null,"abstract":"The Chao Luang crematorium was a temporary architecture made for the cremation and funeral of Chao Luang Chiang Mai (King of Chiang Mai). The creation of the Chao Luang crematorium reflected the social and political pressures of Siam that influenced Lanna territories during the reign of Phra Chao Inthawichayanon in 1873 till 1932 (coup d’etat), resulting in a change in the architectural style of these funeral structures. This research aims to study the architectural style changes of Chao Luang crematorium in Chiang Mai from the moment when Siam began to draw power from Lanna to the central part of the territory. The study results reveal that, originally, the funeral rites of Chao Luang followed a specific form of Lanna rituals. However, during the reign of Phra Chao Inthawichayanon, the 7th Chao Luang of Chiang Mai, new power from Siam was imposed on Lanna, which resulted in changes to the Lanna architecture and cremation traditions, aligning them more closely with Siamese traditions. Eventually, the traditional Lanna rituals were amalgamated into the style of Siam. The evolving architectural style of the Chiang Mai Royal Crematorium provides evidence of Siamese colonization’s ongoing impact on Lanna.","PeriodicalId":502924,"journal":{"name":"Nakhara : Journal of Environmental Design and Planning","volume":"8 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141014518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Combating climate change and reducing atmospheric CO2 emissions are imperative. While carbon trade, including taxes and trading systems, has been proposed, the allocation of initial permits is challenging. This study addresses this issue, exploring the application of the Boltzmann distribution for carbon emission permit allocation in carbon trading. The Boltzmann distribution method uniquely considers each country's environmental and economic contexts, assigning more responsibility to nations with larger populations and higher emissions, and providing incentives to lower-emission countries. This promotes fairness in global climate change efforts and influences national environmental policies. High-emission countries like China receive a high number of permits, encouraging stronger environmental policies, whereas countries with lower emissions, such as Italy, benefit from additional permits as compared to conventional distribution models, bolstering their existing environmental conservation. This paper applies the Boltzmann distribution to eight countries, considering population, economic size, and CO2 emissions. It effectively balances permits between egalitarianism (population-based) and sovereignty (emission-based) principles, suitable for international carbon trading. This flexible approach provides a practical framework for international emissions rights allocation along with potential applications in broader contexts. Implementation of the Boltzmann distribution in real-world policy faces challenges due to the dynamic nature of international politics and economics. This research offers insights into the process of integrating this method into existing environmental policy frameworks, demonstrating its potential as a tool for enhancing global environmental sustainability. Future research should explore its application in the complex international political and economic environment, furthering its role in global climate policy.
{"title":"From Physics to Environmental Policy: Exploring Boltzmann Distribution for Carbon Trading Permit Allocation","authors":"Ji-Won Park","doi":"10.54028/nj202423405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54028/nj202423405","url":null,"abstract":"Combating climate change and reducing atmospheric CO2 emissions are imperative. While carbon trade, including taxes and trading systems, has been proposed, the allocation of initial permits is challenging. This study addresses this issue, exploring the application of the Boltzmann distribution for carbon emission permit allocation in carbon trading. The Boltzmann distribution method uniquely considers each country's environmental and economic contexts, assigning more responsibility to nations with larger populations and higher emissions, and providing incentives to lower-emission countries. This promotes fairness in global climate change efforts and influences national environmental policies. High-emission countries like China receive a high number of permits, encouraging stronger environmental policies, whereas countries with lower emissions, such as Italy, benefit from additional permits as compared to conventional distribution models, bolstering their existing environmental conservation. This paper applies the Boltzmann distribution to eight countries, considering population, economic size, and CO2 emissions. It effectively balances permits between egalitarianism (population-based) and sovereignty (emission-based) principles, suitable for international carbon trading. This flexible approach provides a practical framework for international emissions rights allocation along with potential applications in broader contexts. Implementation of the Boltzmann distribution in real-world policy faces challenges due to the dynamic nature of international politics and economics. This research offers insights into the process of integrating this method into existing environmental policy frameworks, demonstrating its potential as a tool for enhancing global environmental sustainability. Future research should explore its application in the complex international political and economic environment, furthering its role in global climate policy.","PeriodicalId":502924,"journal":{"name":"Nakhara : Journal of Environmental Design and Planning","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140654271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigated the developments and current status of stakeholders involved in preserving wooden heritage in Thailand, specifically from the government, private sectors, and academia. The methodologies consisted of documentary analyses, in-depth interviews, and on-site observations of wooden conservation sites. The findings revealed three periods in the development of wooden built heritage: government-led building registration, the evolution of conservation approaches by various stakeholders including private and academic entities, and a collaborative phase emphasizing intangible aspects such as craftsmanship. The study examined current wooden conservation approaches, expanding from traditional methods applied in registered buildings to contemporary and flexible conservation approaches in non-registered buildings. In the non-registered building type within the private sector, there was a need to assess multidimensional aspects beyond cultural values. The results also highlighted several challenges in the preservation of wooden built heritage in Thai context. Firstly, there was the issue of wood resource management. Secondly, the challenge arose in conservation mechanisms such as analyzing drawings, conducting proper surveys, and maintaining carpenter skills. Lastly, the challenge was also encountered in the maintenance of wooden built heritage. The study recommended conservation support for the private sector, addressing their lack of regulatory protection. Firstly, it proposed the implementation of flexible policies or regulations that are specifically designed for wooden heritage. Secondly, the study suggested establishing supportive information platforms dedicated to wood-related knowledge. Lastly, it emphasized the importance of raising public awareness in preserving wooden built heritage.
{"title":"Conserving Thailand's Wooden Built Heritage: Developments, Approaches, and Current Challenges","authors":"Teranetr Tienthavorn","doi":"10.54028/nj202423404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54028/nj202423404","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the developments and current status of stakeholders involved in preserving wooden heritage in Thailand, specifically from the government, private sectors, and academia. The methodologies consisted of documentary analyses, in-depth interviews, and on-site observations of wooden conservation sites.\u0000The findings revealed three periods in the development of wooden built heritage: government-led building registration, the evolution of conservation approaches by various stakeholders including private and academic entities, and a collaborative phase emphasizing intangible aspects such as craftsmanship. The study examined current wooden conservation approaches, expanding from traditional methods applied in registered buildings to contemporary and flexible conservation approaches in non-registered buildings. In the non-registered building type within the private sector, there was a need to assess multidimensional aspects beyond cultural values. The results also highlighted several challenges in the preservation of wooden built heritage in Thai context. Firstly, there was the issue of wood resource management. Secondly, the challenge arose in conservation mechanisms such as analyzing drawings, conducting proper surveys, and maintaining carpenter skills. Lastly, the challenge was also encountered in the maintenance of wooden built heritage.\u0000The study recommended conservation support for the private sector, addressing their lack of regulatory protection. Firstly, it proposed the implementation of flexible policies or regulations that are specifically designed for wooden heritage. Secondly, the study suggested establishing supportive information platforms dedicated to wood-related knowledge. Lastly, it emphasized the importance of raising public awareness in preserving wooden built heritage.","PeriodicalId":502924,"journal":{"name":"Nakhara : Journal of Environmental Design and Planning","volume":"4 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140373250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Specifying the house type of a housing development project is extremely necessary. However, the determination of a project type nowadays has become a delicate matter, requiring the expertise and knowledge of seasoned project developers. This study aimed to apply four machine learning techniques: Decision Tree, Random Forest, Gradient Boosted Tree and Ensemble Classifier, to analyze the data from 179 housing estate projects collected from market reports of real estate companies in Thailand, with a focus on selecting projects with average monthly sales rates that are higher than the average of all acquired projects. This process resulted in a reduced dataset of 59 projects, including 31 townhouses, 22 single-family houses, and six semi-detached houses. As a result, the Ensemble Classifier model has the highest accuracy of 90.91%. The factors most influential in identifying the type of project are the distances from a main road, sky train station, bus station, hospital, and department store. Single-detached house projects are suitable for locations with high potential. The ideal location should be in proximity to a main road, bus station, department store, and hospital. In addition, townhouse projects are ideal for medium-potential locations that are not near shopping malls, but still require proximity to a hospital, sky train station, or bus station. Ultimately, semi-detached house projects are ideal for medium-potential locations that require proximity to a main road for convenient access to sky train station or public transportation, depending on the specific context.
{"title":"House Type Specification for Housing Development Project Using Machine Learning Techniques: A Study From Bangkok Metropolitan Region, Thailand","authors":"Kongkoon Tochaiwat, Patcharida Pultawee","doi":"10.54028/nj202423403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54028/nj202423403","url":null,"abstract":"Specifying the house type of a housing development project is extremely necessary. However, the determination of a project type nowadays has become a delicate matter, requiring the expertise and knowledge of seasoned project developers. This study aimed to apply four machine learning techniques: Decision Tree, Random Forest, Gradient Boosted Tree and Ensemble Classifier, to analyze the data from 179 housing estate projects collected from market reports of real estate companies in Thailand, with a focus on selecting projects with average monthly sales rates that are higher than the average of all acquired projects. This process resulted in a reduced dataset of 59 projects, including 31 townhouses, 22 single-family houses, and six semi-detached houses. As a result, the Ensemble Classifier model has the highest accuracy of 90.91%. The factors most influential in identifying the type of project are the distances from a main road, sky train station, bus station, hospital, and department store. Single-detached house projects are suitable for locations with high potential. The ideal location should be in proximity to a main road, bus station, department store, and hospital. In addition, townhouse projects are ideal for medium-potential locations that are not near shopping malls, but still require proximity to a hospital, sky train station, or bus station. Ultimately, semi-detached house projects are ideal for medium-potential locations that require proximity to a main road for convenient access to sky train station or public transportation, depending on the specific context.","PeriodicalId":502924,"journal":{"name":"Nakhara : Journal of Environmental Design and Planning","volume":"15 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140374559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. S. Ristianti, Santy Paulla Dewi, Retno Susanti, Rina Kurniati, Naily Syafira Zain
Biophilic design is an approach for creating resilient, sustainable cities by constructing resilient buildings that connect humans and nature by integrating natural adaptation and aesthetic appeal in urban spaces. Biophilic design enables improved climate resilience and mental health. Semarang City in Java, Indonesia is a concrete jungle metropolis that will benefit from the application of biophilic design. Although several urban parks are constructed in public areas, certain design elements remain extremely simple. For example, the vegetated-setting contextminimal and unable to generate sufficient interest in community physical activities. Hence, the connection between humans and nature is limited, which demonstrates the lack of biophilic design. Thus, the study aims to investigate the use of biophilic design in urban public spaces by promoting resilience. This research uses a quantitative method and analytical tools. Questionnaires and field observations were used to collect data. The study investigated the effectiveness of urban parks on mental health, climate resilience, need for urban park design elements, and the design of urban parks. The study identified three parks with the highest increases in land surface temperatures from 2011 to 2021, which indicates that incorporating biophilic design elements into these locations should be considered. More than half of the users at these parks preferred biophilic design elements, which are effective in lowering air temperature, blending with the surrounding nature, and promoting calming, cost-effective, and beneficial mental and physical health. Using these biophilic elements, the average temperature of the parks could be decreased by approximately 0.5 °C.
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